Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoverusefulstructures課件高中英語人教版選擇性

LearningaboutlanguageUnit1TheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性和非限制性定語從句LearningObjectivesAfterlearningthissection,youwill:1.revisethestructureofattributiveclause(定語從句）.2.distinguishthedifferencebetweenrestrictiveandnon-restrictiveattributiveclause(非限制性定語從句）.3.finishtherelatedexercises.HeisanEnglish

teacher

who

likessingingsongs.定語從句先行詞關(guān)系代詞Revision在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句,其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。Whatisrelativeclause?ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.先行詞關(guān)系副詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞指人指物主語：who、that賓語：（who、that、whom）定語：whose介詞+whom主語：which、that賓語：（that、which）定語：whose介詞+whichRivisiondefinition定義structure結(jié)構(gòu)對某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句Mr.

Liisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.只用that的情況，先行詞是：不定代詞時；序數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級；既有人又有物時；被theonly、thevery、thesame、thelast修飾等只用who的情況，先行詞是：人稱代詞或指人的詞（不定代詞）those指人時特殊情況主句+先行詞+關(guān)系代詞+定語從句先行詞+關(guān)系代詞+定語從句+主句關(guān)系副詞定語從句關(guān)系副詞指時間指原因when=at,in,on,during等介詞+whichSummary關(guān)系副詞用法structure結(jié)構(gòu)對某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用。句子是完整的。Wevisitedthehouse

where

thefamousscientistoncelived.Qatar

where

the2022WorldCupisbeingheld

isthehostcountry.主句+先行詞+關(guān)系代詞+定語從句先行詞+關(guān)系代詞+定語從句+主句指地點where=in,at等介詞+whichwhy=for+which學(xué)習(xí)判斷句子是否完整：1.學(xué)習(xí)判斷動詞及物動詞（vt.):直接加賓語（help、save）不及物動詞（vi.)：借助介詞才能加賓語（work、go、look）2.句型：主語+vt.+賓語

主語+vi.Rivision2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,which

isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,where

malariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.RestrictiveAttributiveClause限定性定語從句Non-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限定性定語從句Discoveringtherules

Readthefollowingsentencesand

findoutthedifferencesbetweentwotypesofclauses.

1.

限制性定語從句，無逗號隔開；對先行詞作修飾、限制,

如果去掉,

主句的意思就不完整。2.

非限制性定語從句，有逗號隔開；對先行詞作附加補充說明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。Hisdaughter,whoisinShenzhennow,iscominghomenextweek.People

whotakephysicalexerciseregularlylivelonger.Differencesbetweenrestrictiveandnon-restrictiveattributiveclauseHeisthemanwholivesnexttome.他就是住在我隔壁的那個人。Heisawarm-heartedman,wholivesnexttome.他是個熱心腸的人,住在我的隔壁。3.翻譯不同限制性定語從句:把從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞前。非限制性定語從句:一般先譯主句,后譯從句,翻譯成兩個分句。4.先行詞不同限制性定語從句:可以修飾名詞或代詞；

非限制性定語從句:可以修飾名詞或代詞,也可以修飾整個句子,DoyourememberthemanwhotaughtusEnglish?Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,whichhelpsthemkeepfit.Mr.White,whomyoumetyesterday,isoneofmyoldfriends.4.關(guān)系詞不同1）在限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞作賓語時可以省略；

在非限制性定語從句中,所有關(guān)系詞都不可省略。2）that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。

ShewasveryfondofspeakingFrench,whichindeedshespokewell.3.非限制性定語從句表原因時,不能用why引導(dǎo),而用forwhich代替why。Ihadtoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidn’tattendthemeeting.限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上與主句之間______逗號隔開與主句之間______逗號隔開功能上對先行詞修飾、限制對先行詞補充說明意義上去掉后主句句意_______去掉后主句句意_______翻譯上先行詞關(guān)系詞不完整不用用完整翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前按句子順序,翻譯成兩個簡單句名詞或代詞既可為名詞或代詞,也可是整個主句that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why不能用that/why(forwhich),which可以指代一整件事關(guān)系代詞作賓語可省略所有關(guān)系詞都不可省略限制性和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別1.MrSmith，______nativelanguageisEnglish,canspeakChinesefluently.2.Shehasbeenabsentagain,______isexpected.3.China,______wasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.4.LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,______aconferencewastobeheld.5.ThisisMrSmith,______Ithinkhassomethinginterestingtotellyou.6.Myfatherboughtmeseveralbooks,noneof________Iliketoread.7.ThestudentswenttothehospitaltoseeMissZhang,______theyrespectgreatly.8.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanIhadexpected.9.Thebooksonthedesk,________coversareshiny,areprizesforus.

10.Thereare50studentsinourclass,halfof________aregirls.11.Ihadtoldthemthereason,_________Ididn’tattendthemeeting.12.IleftonSunday,

everyonewasathome.whosewhichPracticewhichwherewhowhichwhomwhichwhosewhomforwhichonwhich/whenP.621Choosethewordsintheboxtocompletethesentences.whowhomwhichwhosewhenwhere

in/of/forwhichofwhom1Somepeoplealwaystalkloudlyinpublic,________isreallyannoying.2ProfessorLu,________youspoketo,specialisesinconstitutionallaw.3Pleasecomebackatfouro’clock,________yourherbalmedicinewillbeready.4Whatdoyouwanttowriteaboutthesepeople,________storiesIhavejusttoldyou?5HaveyoubeentotheLouvreMuseum,________youcanseetheMonaLisaondisplay?6Thereare45studentsinourclass,out________only10aretakinganoptionalartcourse.7Hermotherworksinacompany,________employeesareallwomen.8Itisvitaltolearntousethesesoftwareprogrammes,both________canhelpyouwith

collectionandevaluation.

whichwho(m)whenwhosewhereinwhichofwhomofwhichinwhichwhere

Practice1.Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclause.Howdothesentencesflowdifferently?1Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,whereHitlerwasinpower.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.P.44Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.5ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei—afamousChineseAmericanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.6Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,whichinspiredusalot.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei—afamousChineseAmericanarchitect,whowasborninGuangzhou,China.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart,whichwasabigchallengeforme.2.Workingroups.Completethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclausetogiveextrainformation.Thensharethemwithyourgroupmember.EXAMPLEI’dliketotry…,…I’dliketotrythatChineseherbalmedicineagain,whichseemstoworkbestfor