裕興新概念英語第3冊(cè)筆記(完美版)

裕興新概念英語第3冊(cè)筆記(完美版)PAGE新概念英語裕興版PAGEPAGE116裕興新概念英語第3冊(cè)筆記(全)2012修訂版

目錄Lesson-1 3Lesson-2 6Lesson-3 9Lesson-4 12Lesson-5 14Lesson-6 16Lesson-7 19Lesson-8 22Lesson-9 24Lesson-10 26Lesson-11 29Lesson-12 32Lesson-13 38Lesson-14 41Lesson-15 45Lesson-16 50Lesson-17 54Lesson-18 60Lesson-19 64Lesson-20 68Lesson-21 73Lesson-22 79Lesson-23 85Lesson-24 91Lesson-25 96Lesson-26 101Lesson-27 107Lesson-28 114

Lesson-1cat-like像貓一樣的mother-likechildlike(lovely)(褒)childish(immature)形容成年人不成熟(貶)atlarge逍遙自在Eg:Thedesperatecriminalisstillatlarge.escape逃跑(從危險(xiǎn)中成功逃脫)fleeaway跑開(runawayfromdanger)scatteraway四處逃竄(indifferentdirections)evadetax逃稅(逃避應(yīng)該承擔(dān)的責(zé)任)desert擅離(職守、工作崗位、現(xiàn)役等)；(士兵)逃亡，從…開小差desertone'sarmyoutclass逃課spotn./v.n.點(diǎn)，斑點(diǎn)Eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.abeautyspot美人痣solarspot太陽黑子spotlight聚光燈beinthespotlight萬眾矚目Eg:TomCruseisinthespotlightinAmericanfilmindustry.(toachievealotofattention)onthespot(非正式用法)1.立刻，馬上(atonce,immediately)2.attheplaceoftheaction在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)Eg:Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.Aleopardwillnotchangeitsspot.江山易改，本性難移v.toseeorfindsthwithdifficulty不易察覺observe(toseeandnoticesth)(正式)觀察，觀測(cè)discover(tofindsthalreadyinexistence)recognize(tofigureoutsth/sbknownalready)detect(todisclosesomethinghiddenorindisguise)探測(cè)explore(toexaminesththoroughlyinordertotestorfindoutaboutit)evidencen.證據(jù)=proofEg:Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroiedtheevidence.inevidence顯而易見的Eg:Hewasinevidenceattheparty.他在晚會(huì)上很突出。(adj.evidentadv.evidently)(witness證人judge法官jury陪審團(tuán)courtoflaw法庭)self-evidenta.不言自明的《TheDeclarationofIndependence》獨(dú)立宣言obligev.使...感到必須(bemadetodosthbylawormorality)(ofteninpassivevoice)feelobligedtodosth.感覺有必要做某事beobligedtodosth.被迫做某事Eg：Menfeelobligedtotaketheresponsibilityforpel(tomakepeoplehaveaparticularfeelingorattitude)9-year'scompulsoryeducationdrive(tomakesomeonefeelordosthbadorunpleasant)drivesb.nuts使某人發(fā)瘋Eg:Theterriblemusicdrovemenuts.huntv.打獵，狩獵huntfor/gohuntingfor搜尋，尋找huntforajobhuntforalovejobhunter四處尋找工作的人headhunter獵頭bargainhunter四處買便宜貨的人humanbeing(s)人類(區(qū)別于神和動(dòng)物)mankind人類Eg:inthelonghistoryofthemankindhumanrace(allpeople,consideredtogetherasasinglegroup)be存在Eg:《Hamlet》...whenhehesitatedtokillhisuncle...tobeornottobe生存還是毀滅being1)-creaturegodbeinganimalbeing2)-existencecomingintobeing形成，成立Eg:ThePeople'sRepublicofChinacameintobeingin1949.forthetimebeing眼下，目前Eg：Forthetimebeing,thecheetahsarehardup.眼下獵豹的手頭有點(diǎn)緊(Lionking)hardup手頭緊cornern./v.n.at/onthecorner在角落里(如介詞用in表示在空間的內(nèi)部)aroundthecorner即將到來，即將發(fā)生(iscoming)Eg:TheNewYearisaroundthecorner.cutcorners走捷徑，抄近路v.被逼到墻角里Eg:Thepumawon'tattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Acorneredbeastwilldosometingdesperate.狗急跳墻trail痕跡atrailofatrailofmud一串泥跡atrailofbloodEg:Whereverhewent,theplayboyleftbehindhimatrailofbrokenhearts.(theplayboy應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在主句中)printn.印痕，痕跡footprint足跡pawprint爪痕fingerprint指紋accumulatev.積累，積聚(強(qiáng)調(diào)積累的過程)Eg:Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某處collect收集，采集assemble集合，集會(huì)；vt.裝配hoardvt.大量的貯存hoardup=storeupEg:Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.amass積聚=cometogether(主要用于詩歌和文學(xué)作品中)pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.本句中的befound(therebe)應(yīng)理解為產(chǎn)于、分布的意思，不應(yīng)理解為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Eg:Pandasarelarge,bear-likeanimalswhicharefoundinChina.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.本句中that后的內(nèi)容作為reports的同位語從句，只是因?yàn)榫S持句子的平衡美感(避免頭重腳輕)才放到了后面。同位語從句簡單記憶：同位語從句與中心詞是等同和等值的關(guān)系，而不是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。這一點(diǎn)與定語從句截然不同，定語從句與其先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that/which在句中作成分(主語或賓語)，而同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that為連接詞，只起連接主句與從句之作用，不做任何成分。Eg:IwasshockedwhenIheardthenewsthathisfatherdiedyesterday.(Thenewsisthathisfatherdiedyesterday.)能連接同位語從句的名詞：belieffactideadoubtrumorevidenceconclusioninformationsuggestionproblemorderdiscoveropinionWhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.句中的they指代reports，人稱或指示代詞的替代含義要回到句子的切近部分尋找它的中心含義。takesthseriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待takesthslightly不把...放在心上Eg:Everyoneoughttotakelifeseriously.Educationissoimportantthatweshouldtakeitseriously.Eg:WhennewscameintotheNationalMuseumthatanancienttombhasbeenspotted100kilometerssouthofXi'an,itwastakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,...句中的However是語篇標(biāo)識(shí)詞。語篇標(biāo)識(shí)詞：(即顯示語篇發(fā)展的詞語)引出作者真正意圖，表明事實(shí)真相，往往前后形成鮮明，相反的對(duì)比。...,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepuma...(for說明原因)英語一般說來，總是把最需要表達(dá)的東西放在一個(gè)句子的最前邊，漢語總是先因-->后果；而for并不引導(dǎo)一個(gè)強(qiáng)因果關(guān)系，因此是處于從屬地位而不置于句首。As不強(qiáng)調(diào)原因的重要性Since既然，弱因果關(guān)系Because強(qiáng)的直接的原因claimedtohavedone動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式：體現(xiàn)它所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。Eg:Tillnow,noorganizationclaimedtohavebeenresponsibleforthisbombing.besimilartosb.(havealotincommon)Eg:Thebrothersaresimilartoeachotherincharacter.beararesemblanceto(宛如)，酷似resemble(宛如)，酷似--father父親look/belike像--father爸爸takeafter隨--father爹含義取決于說話人的文化和受教育程度pickblackberries采黑莓pickmushrooms采蘑菇picknose挖鼻子pickears挖耳朵pickteeth剔牙prove(tobe)difficultbeataroundthebush拐彎抹角，旁敲側(cè)擊onafishingtriptoonthehoney-moontriptoParisonwaytoonbusinesstounless=ifnotEg:pumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered./pumawillnotattackahumanbeingifitisnotcornered,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.musthavebeen/donesth作者主觀的肯定判斷，是事實(shí)總結(jié)、歸納的標(biāo)志。inthepossessionof為...所有(主語為物)inpossessionof(主語是人)intheauthorityof由...管轄Eg:HongKongisintheauthorityofmainland.inthecareof由...照看inthechargeof由...負(fù)責(zé)wild--tame野生--馴服wildcat不是指野貓，而是指大型貓科動(dòng)物,野貓(流浪貓)--straycatdomesticanimals家養(yǎng)動(dòng)物domesticviolence家庭暴力domesticmarket國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)Idioms:Onlywhenyouexperiencethepainofpain,canyouenjoythehappinessofhappiness.吃得苦中苦，方為人上人Gowithwhatyouare.勇往直前ondoingsomething一...就...Theshelfonwhichyouputthosebookshascollapsed.-->Theshelfyouputthosebooksonhascollapsed.Fromwhomdidyoureceivealetter?-->Whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?(本句中whom不能省略)定語從句中Which以及指代人的做賓語的Whom，在非正式用法當(dāng)中可以省略；但省略時(shí)，介詞不能前置到關(guān)系代詞Whom,Which前，只能用于非固定的動(dòng)詞短語后面。非固定動(dòng)詞短語：Eg:livein居住，介詞可前置固定動(dòng)詞短語：Eg:lookfor尋找，介詞不能前置Lesson-2單詞：equalv./adj.與...相等adj.beequaltoEg:Wealthisnotequaltohappiness.EEOC:EqualEmploymentOpportunitiesCommissionvt.及物動(dòng)詞(作動(dòng)詞時(shí)equal后面不能接to)vicar小牧師(oftheChurchofEngland)rector小牧師(oftheCatholicChurch)priest神父curate副牧師curate'segg有好有壞Eg:Thebookissomethingofacurate'segg.bishop主教(國際象棋里指象)archbishop紅衣大主教Pope(RomanCatholic)羅馬教皇Eg:Doyouthinkthey'llwin?IsthePopeCatholic?(sure)clergymann.神職人員raisevt.raisekids養(yǎng)育孩子raisemoney籌集錢財(cái)raisetheroof怒發(fā)沖冠risevi.TheSunAlsoRises(writtenbyErnestHemingway)AFarewelltoArmsAFarewelltoConcubinetorchn.手電筒carryatorchforsb.暗戀Whynotcarryon?課文：bealwaysdoningsth(notsatisfied)一直不停做某事Eg:Heisalwaysfindingfaultswithme.他總是不斷地挑我的小毛病Thingsarealwayskeepingcomingupatthelastminute.beforeverdoing(不像bealwaysdoningsth.含有貶義)不厭其煩Eg:Peterisforevertalkingabouthisgirlfriend.causen.1.原因，緣故causeandeffect2.(支持的)事業(yè)，事項(xiàng)sthyousupportEg：It'sforagoodcause.做善事foronecauseoranother/foronethingoranotherEg:Hecan'tcomeforonethingoranother.由于種種原因，總之他不能來了havesth.done(被動(dòng))叫...做havesbdo讓某人做某事havesth.todo有...要做Eg:Ihaveanotherfishtofry.(Ihavetogo.)takeaFrenchleave不辭而別enougha.足夠的Eg:Ihaveenoughofit!我受夠了!(Ihateitsomuch!)I'vehadituptoherewithhim!忍無可忍cannotdosth.enoughcanneverdosth.enoughEg:Icannotthankyouenough.感激不盡usedtodo過去常做現(xiàn)在不做了be/getusedtodoing習(xí)慣于...beusedtodo(被動(dòng))被用做...strikev.strikehours敲鐘、打點(diǎn)、報(bào)時(shí)strikematches劃火柴strikesb.打某人Eg：Strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵strikesb.asodd讓某人覺得奇怪Eg：Hisdeathstrikesusasodd.他的死讓人覺得蹊蹺bestruckbyherbeauty被她的美貌打動(dòng)了dayandnight日日夜夜upanddown上上下下backandforth前前后后blankandwhite黑與白知識(shí)點(diǎn)：反義詞詞組表示對(duì)照，通過相反的概念而強(qiáng)調(diào)整體。eversince引起完成時(shí)wakeupwithastart驚醒startled(suddenlyorslightlysurprised)surprised(generalsaying)astounded/astonished(verysurprised)amazed(extremelysurprised)驚嘆Eg:You'reamazing.你實(shí)在是太不可思議了stunned(程度最深)極度震驚beforeyouknowit(spoken:sth.willhappensoon)Eg:We'dbettersetofforitwillbedarkbeforeyouknowit.我們最好馬上出發(fā)，天說話就黑了。What'sgoingon？出什么事了What'sup?Whatgives?有什么事嗎Nothingmuch./Notmuch.沒什么inthetorchlight借著手電筒的光inthemoonlight借著月光Excuseme.借光，勞駕MayIuseyourbathroom?catchsightof一下子看到、瞥見insingtEg:Thevictoryisinsight.勝利在望fallinloveatthefirstsight/Hititrightoff一見鐘情Whatonearthareyoudoinguphere?/Whatthehellareyoudoinguphere?你究竟在這里做什么Whateveritis?管他呢andwhatever等等Eg：Wehadaparty,drink,danceandwhatever.nightafternight夜夜(重復(fù)修飾，加強(qiáng)效果)dayafterday/dayindayout日復(fù)一日yearafteryear/yearinyearout年復(fù)一年'Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!'saidthevicar.(句中助動(dòng)詞did為了加強(qiáng)語氣)Youcertainlydid.Still,I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.still不過...還是allthesame/justthesameEg:Thankyouallthesame.不過還是要謝謝你nothingIcandoaboutit無能為力nothingcanhelp幫不上忙asgoodas和...一樣Eg:Heisasgoodasdeadthere.aslongas只要,如果AsLongasYouLoveMe只要你愛我(sungbyBackStreetBoys)Eg:Idon'tcarewhoyouare,whatyoudid,whereyou'refrom,aslongasyouloveme!betterthannothing聊勝于無Betterlatethannever.亡羊補(bǔ)牢未為晚也Bettersafethansorry.為了安全起見，總比到時(shí)候后悔強(qiáng)Betterawittyfoolthanafoolishwit.(TwelfthNight)與其做愚蠢的智人不如做聰明的愚人。acupoftea(喜歡)Eg：Popmusicisn'tmycupoftea.Truegenerositycomesfromhisheartnotfromhispurse.真正的慷慨出自內(nèi)心而非出自錢包Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethatthebellstopped.(一直到...才)全句為itwas...that構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式結(jié)構(gòu)。showyousomething有些事我得跟你講(為難的不好說出來的)ontheslowside屬于反應(yīng)有點(diǎn)慢的那一種inprep.表達(dá)驚奇、恐懼、失望或生氣等感情色彩的名詞搭配連用，在句中起狀語作用insurprise驚訝地inastonishment驚愕地inalarm驚恐地inembarrassment窘迫地inamazement特別驚訝地indespair絕望地indismay沮喪地inanger生氣地indisappointment失望地...inprep.表示以、用；用于語言，書寫材料,色彩或聲音等方面inEnglishinpencilinink用鋼筆inafewwords用幾句話insuchahighvoice用這么高的聲音inoil用顏料inred用紅顏色incode用密碼...in表示狀態(tài)、情況或處境introuble/indifficulty在困境中inbed臥床inahurry匆忙地indebt負(fù)債inlovewithsb.愛上了某人intears哭泣ingoodorder情況正常ingoodrepair維修良好ingoodhealth身體好inpoorhealth身體狀況不佳inthebadmood情緒不好inthegoodmood心情好inhaste匆匆忙忙inafavorofexcitement欣喜若狂inpoverty在貧困之中inluxury奢侈Lesson-3單詞：unknown1.notbeknownbyname無名的2.notwell-known不出名的I'mnobody.我默默無聞I'masmallpotato.我是一個(gè)小人物ahouseholdname家喻戶曉VIPHeissomebody.他是有來頭的abigshot大人物goddessn.女神-ess陰性詞詞尾，表女性或母性。hostess女主人；女主持人stewardess空姐mistress情婦；(舊)女家庭教師tigress雌老虎mothertiger母老虎性別：gender(文)sex人：female/malefemale/maleshe/hearch(a)eologistn.考古學(xué)家arch拱門arch-主要的、重要的archbishop紅衣大主教-ology(scientificstudy)科學(xué)研究-ist...人;...家-ologyEg:anthropology人類學(xué)anthropoid類人猿psychology心理學(xué)philosophy哲學(xué)；人生觀physiology生理學(xué)-istEg:specialist專家aheartspecialist心臟病專家Buddhist佛教徒racist種族主義者terrorist恐怖主義分子pacifist反戰(zhàn)主義者explorev.考察；勘探explorerexplodev.爆炸exploitv.利用；剝削exploitchildlabor剝削童工promontoryn.海角cape海角(三面環(huán)水的平地)theCapeofGoodHope好望角EnglishchannelTaiwanstraitpirate海盜；盜版delta三角洲NileDelta尼羅河三角洲prosperousa.繁榮昌盛的prosperityn.Eg:We'llkeeptheprosperityandstabilityofHKatanycost.atanycost/atanyprice不惜任何代價(jià)Backgroundnotes:TheAmericaexperiencedtheGreatDepressionin1930s'.Aftertheboom,everythingisgloom.繁榮過后，進(jìn)入蕭條slumpn.衰退aslumpinstock股價(jià)下跌slacka.松弛的；不振作的；(市場(chǎng))疲軟的inlowtime在不如意的時(shí)候eg:Thebusinessisinlowtime.生意蕭條civila.civilrights民權(quán)civillaw民法criminallaw刑法civilservant公仆(國家公務(wù)員)civilengineering土木工程civilwar內(nèi)戰(zhàn)domesticmarket國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)domesticviolence家庭暴力domesticflights國內(nèi)航班homecrowd家鄉(xiāng)父老；本國觀眾drainn.下水道braindrain人才流失drainagen.排水系統(tǒng)-age名詞后綴postage郵資hostage人質(zhì)orphanage孤兒院worshipn.祭祀(warship戰(zhàn)艦)rite(forreligiouspurposes)宗教儀式ritesofbaptism洗禮pray(askGodforhelp)祈禱(prey獵物)Mass彌撒sacrifices(offertoGod)祭品fragmentn.碎片fallintofragments/fallintopieces(口)摔得粉碎piecen.eg:Iamabouttogotopieces.我快崩潰了fraction一小份inafractionofasecond片刻，眨眼間fracturen.骨折segment(果實(shí))一塊，一瓣Eg:asegmentofanorange一瓣桔子課文：makeadiscovery做出發(fā)現(xiàn)makeanameforoneself出名makehistory創(chuàng)造歷史makeanoise名噪一時(shí)Eg:BenLadenreallymadeanoiseby9.11.makeadent取得初步的、有效的進(jìn)展；奏效Eg:Chineseopen-uppolicyhasmadeadent.主題句：為典型的記敘文開頭句記敘文的文體特點(diǎn)：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件。并按事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、空間順序描寫，把握住其特征，就能輕松應(yīng)對(duì)文章的理解。Eg:Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverwasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.Time:sometimeagoPlace:ontheAegeanIslandofkeaPerson:archaeologistsEvent:adiscoverywasmadestand坐落,位于Eg:ChinastandsintheEastoftheworld.liein坐落,位于Eg:Alakeliesinthemiddleoftheforest.lieinwaitfor埋伏著等待Eg:Agrandcrocodileliesinwaitforitsprey.besituated/belocatedin坐落于(正式)enjoyvt.享有,享受enjoyalonghistory歷史悠久Eg:Chinaenjoysalonghistory.enjoysupports得到支持Eg:Geoge.W.Bushenjoyedalotofsupportsduringthepresident-election.enjoygoodhealth(表示身體好)Eg:Ienjoygoodhealth.enjoylargesales銷量很大enjoyahandsomeincome收入很高bebuiltofstonebemadeofstoneEg:Heismadeofstone.鐵石心腸的人Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.介詞是英語中很重要的一種詞性。with作為抽象含義而使用，表示被描述事物的特征和性質(zhì)。語音簡潔、利落、生動(dòng)。amanwithabeard山羊胡amanwithamoustache小胡子amanwithwhiskers絡(luò)腮胡子amanwithqueues發(fā)辮(AbrahamLincoln)ofthepeople,bythepeople,andforthepeople民有，民治，民享...fromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.Romantimes古羅馬時(shí)代(from200B.C.until400A.D.)Eg:DoastheRomansdowheninRome.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗EveryroadleadstoRome.條條大路通羅馬(殊途同歸)Romewasn'tbuiltinaday.羅馬不是一天建成的(冰凍三尺非一日之寒)sacredadj.莊嚴(yán)的holy(god)神圣的theholycity:Jerusalemreligious(religion)宗教的在帶有科技色彩的文章中，應(yīng)盡量減少主觀色彩，所以被動(dòng)語態(tài)是上策，引入主語反而增加主觀色彩。Thetemplewasused...representv.代表Eg:TheStatueofLibertyrepresentsthefriendshipofFranceandAmerica.standfor代表,表示symbolizev.象征tobethesymbolof是...的象征，作為...的標(biāo)志Eg:Pimpleisthesymbolofyouth.RoseisthesymbolofEngland.beenpainted被上過色remains歷史遺跡；遺體ruins廢墟beontheroadtoruins走向毀滅relic遺物，遺跡，遺風(fēng)陋俗legacy遺產(chǎn)；遺留產(chǎn)物Eg:Asthelegacyofthemale-dominatedsociety,womenfindittheirdutytospendthemoneymenearn.datefrom/datebackto/gobackto/tracebackto可以追溯到；自從...就有(無被動(dòng)語態(tài))missinghead下落不明的頭belost迷路thelostgeneration迷惘的一代classicala.傳統(tǒng)的，古樸的Eg:classicalmusic--popularmusicclassicalphysica--quantumphysicsclassicaltimes古希臘，古羅馬時(shí)代classica.經(jīng)典的Eg:Titanicisaclassicfilm.classn.階級(jí)；等級(jí)reconstructv.重建，修復(fù)Reconstruction(1865-1877)turnouttobe竟然是Eg:Tobebothafatherandmothertoachildatthesametimeturnsachildatthesametimeturnsouttobemoredifficultthanhethought.<Thekramers>wearadress穿了裙子wearmake-up化了妝wearperfume噴了香水wearcontactlenses戴隱形眼鏡wearamoustache蓄小胡子wearasadlook一臉愁容wearpistol佩戴手槍full-length全長的,全身的full-lengthTVseries大型電視系列片full-dress盛裝full-dresswelcome熱烈歡迎，隆重歡迎despite/inspiteof盡管sofar到目前為止(可以引起完成時(shí))可以引起完成時(shí):until--untilnowupto--uptonowbynowAdam'sapple喉結(jié)AdamandEve熏肉加雞蛋asoldasAdam老掉牙notknowsomebodyfromAdam根本就不認(rèn)識(shí)某人Boneofmybone,fleshofmyflesh.血肉相連Eg:Taiwanisboneofmainlander'sbone;fleshofmainlander'sflesh.Dustyouare,backtodustyou'llreturnwhenyoudie.本為塵土，死后亦歸為塵土toone'ssurprise使某人感到驚訝的是(在句中可做獨(dú)立的狀語，句子的主語不必是某個(gè)人)withsurprise驚訝地(首先，必須與行為動(dòng)詞連用；其次，句子的主語必須是某個(gè)人)withsatisfaction/delight/dismayEg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.Hesmokedhislastcigarettewithsatisfaction.Hewenthomewithdismay.Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.Lesson-4doublelife雙重生活doublecharacther雙重性格doublechin雙下巴doublebed雙人床twinbeds兩張標(biāo)準(zhǔn)床bigamy重婚two-timer腳踩兩只船(amanwhodates2womenatthesametime)manuallaborer體力勞動(dòng)者automaticadj.自動(dòng)的auto-自動(dòng)的automat自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)autobiography自傳autonomousregion(self-ruled)自治區(qū)goldcollarwhitecollarbluecollardogcollar(牧師們)hotunderthecollar(feelangryorexctited)氣憤不已；熱血沸騰Eg:Calmdown!Don'tgethotunderthecollar.makeacollar(Policecatchcriminals.)privilegen.特權(quán),特別待遇，殊榮underprivileged貧困的下層階級(jí)的fortheprivilegeof為了某種特權(quán)(殊榮)Eg:Manypeoplearewillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.It'smygreatprivilegetomakeyouracquaintance.能結(jié)識(shí)您，實(shí)乃三生有幸I'veheardsomuchaboutyou.久聞大名Yourreputationproceedsyou.久仰corporationn.大型股份有限公司multinationalcorporation跨國公司company小公司enterprise企業(yè)joint-ventureenterprise合資企業(yè)state-ownedenterprise國有企業(yè)townshipenterprise鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)non-governmentrunschool民辦學(xué)校課文：Thesedays如今這年頭moneyn.錢,金錢;貨幣receivemoney拿工資savemoney存錢spendmoney花錢makemoney掙錢Eg:Spendthemoneytomorrowtoday.(今天花明天的錢)farmoremoney多得多的錢somemoremoneylotsmoremoneyalotmorealittlemorebereferredtoas被稱作Eg:Heisreferredtoaswalkingdictionary.他被稱作活字典。beknowntousallas大家叫他...Eg:Heisknowntousallaswalkingdictionary.大家都叫他活字典。berecognizedas認(rèn)出是...Eg:Inthetorchlight,hewasrecognizedasBillbythevicar.star-starred-starringEg:ForrestGumpstarredbyTomHanks.(wear)acollarandtie穿著襯衫，打著領(lǐng)帶aforkandknife一副刀叉asingeranddancer一個(gè)歌舞演員afatherandmother既當(dāng)?shù)之?dāng)媽suchishumannature此乃人之常情giveriseto引起Eg:Thatboysareweighedmoreimportantthangirlscangiverisetocurioussituations.Pollutiongaverisetoaworldwidegree-houseeffect.givebirthto生了(...孩子)Eg:Shegavebirthtoaprettygirl.asitdid...正像剛剛提到的這種現(xiàn)象所發(fā)生的一樣as:引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)方式狀語從句；it:上一句中that從句的內(nèi)容；did:giverisetocurioussituationsinthecaseof就...的情形而言，對(duì)...來說(itwasotherwise)另當(dāng)別論Eg:Povertydepressedmanypeople,butinthecaseofmyfather,itwasotherwise.Fatdepressedmanypeople,butinthecaseofHanHong,itwasotherwise.Difficultiesdepressedmanypeople,butinthecaseofme,itwasotherwise.incaseof萬一，以防Eg:Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseofrain.A:Whatfor?B:Incase.{Bodyguard}getengaged訂婚getmarried結(jié)婚getseparated分居getdivorced離婚Backgroundnotes:TheOath婚誓Itakeyouasmyweddedhusbandfromthemomentforward.Forbetterorworse,forrichorpoor,healthorsicknesstoloveandcherih.AsGodismywitness,Igivemypromise.simply(盡管英文的副詞在位置和結(jié)構(gòu)上相對(duì)來說比較靈活，但有的時(shí)候由于位置放的不一樣，會(huì)導(dǎo)致語言效果截然不同。)Eg:Hesimplytoldhiswifethatheworkedforthecorporation.(andnomore)Hetoldhiswifethatheworkedforthecorporationsimply.(inawaythatiseasytounderstand)changeinto換上(衣服)changebackinto換回(衣服)getinto/puton穿上Alfdidthis...省略與代替指示代詞或人稱代詞的替代用法是有口語和書面語之分的。Eg:Icandoso.doso(書面)dothat/thisdoit(口語)Eg:Icandoit.fellown.同伴，伙伴(親切，易引起情感的共鳴)fellowdustmanfellowtownsman同鄉(xiāng)fellowcountryman同胞fellowcitizen市民們-mate伙伴workmate同事roommate室友helpmate妻子(賢內(nèi)助)classmate(同班)同學(xué)soulmate紅顏知己、藍(lán)顏知己haveneverdone...andneverwillEg:Don'tyouknowIhavecarriedthetorchforyouforalongtime.I'msorry.Ihaveneverlovedyouandneverwill.halfasmuchasasoldasEg:Sheistwiceasoldasherson.asmuchasheusedto(do)Eg:Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,...to的不定式省略了動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)說話人為了避免重復(fù)剛剛提過的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作就被省略掉了。會(huì)用到省略形式的詞：wantmeanhopeexpectrefuseseemintendEg:Iaskedhimtogotothepartybutherefusedto.riseinstatus社會(huì)地位的上升riseintaxes稅收增加riseinprices物價(jià)上漲Eg:Theriseinpricesgaverisetoaseriesofsocialreactions.riseintheworld崛起Eg:Chinaasthelargestdevelopingcountryisrisingintheworld.riseandfallEg:Thelevelofpeople'smoodsrisesandfallsduringaday.worth值得beworthdoing(無被動(dòng)語態(tài))beworthreadingbeworthwatchingbeworthvisitingEg:Thebookisworthreading.It'sworththetime.It'sworththeefforts.It'sworththehardwork.Eg:It'sworthallthehardworkyouputineducationwhenyouseesomanyhappychildren.beworthyofrespectbeworthyofbeingrespectedEg:Sheissuchagoodteacherthatsheisworthyofbeingrespected.deserve:tohaveearnedsth.bygoodorbadbehaviorEg:Yougetwhatyoudeserve.(Youreapwhatyousow.)種瓜得瓜種豆得豆Hedeservesit.(口)他罪有應(yīng)得。fromnowon從現(xiàn)在開始Eithermakeorbreakit.不成功，則成仁；破釜沉舟Timeandtidewaitfornoman.時(shí)間不等人；時(shí)不我待Lesson-5editabook編書compileadictionary編字典code編碼--decode解碼choreography編舞editorial文學(xué)評(píng)論，文學(xué)社論proclamation公告PotsdamProclamation(1945)statisticsn.統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)(單數(shù))statics靜力學(xué)ethics倫理學(xué)workethic職業(yè)道德，職業(yè)操守presidentn.總統(tǒng)，校長；(國家)最高元首Eg:PresidentJiangZeminhonorarypresident名譽(yù)校長chancellor名譽(yù)校長，形象代言人journalistn.撰稿記者reporter記者(oncamera)上鏡的correspondent通訊記者，特派員，駐外記者palacen.宮殿PRC.TheForbiddenCityPalaceMuseumSummerPalaceBritainBuckinghamPalace(BritishroyalfamilyinLondon)DowningSt.WhiteHall(BritishGoverment)白廳AmericaWhiteHousePentagon五角大樓RussiaWinterPalaceTheKremlin(thegovernmentofRussia)RedSquareimpatienta.不耐煩的，迫不及待的patientadj./n.忍耐的,有耐心的/患者,病人inpatient住院病人--outpatient門診病人beimpatientforsth.迫不及待做某事Eg；ThekidsareimpatientforChristmas.diefor極度的渴望Eg:Theorphandiesformaternallove.hungerfor對(duì)...如饑似渴,渴求Eg:Ihungerforknowledge.thirstfor渴望,熱望Eg:Ourcarthirstsforgas.longfor渴望longforpeace渴望和平desire渴望desireforpower/greenpower渴望權(quán)力/金錢yearn(因思念產(chǎn)生的)渴望yearnforhometowndesperate極度的渴望desperateforfamefirev.解雇hirev.雇傭Fire!開火!對(duì)語言詞匯的把握，要注意情景的變化。所謂詞本無義，因人生“意”。(Wordsdon'thavemeaningbutpeoplegivemeaningtowords.)givesbasack炒魷魚dismiss解雇；散會(huì)；下課Eg:Youaredismissed.1.雇主：你被解雇了。2.會(huì)議主持人：大家請(qǐng)散會(huì)。3.老師：同學(xué)們下課了。relievesbofhispost/duties(totakeawaysb'sjobbecausetheyhavedonesthwrong)解除職務(wù)Eg:PresidentNixonwasrelievedofhisdutyduetoWatergate.pinkslip解雇通知書getone'spinkslip被解雇walkingpapers免職書,解雇書,辭退書givesbhiswalkingpapers炒某人的魷魚Eg:Theslumpineconomymademanypeoplegettheirwalkingpapers.經(jīng)濟(jì)的不景氣使很多人沒了飯碗。gettheax炒魷魚(ax；經(jīng)費(fèi)、人員的削減)課文：gotoextremestodo走極端Eg:Hewenttoextremestostealbecauseofpoverty.takessthtoextremes(inordertoachievesth)為了...走極端Eg:Hetakesalcoholtoextremes.他酗酒成性gosofarasto甚至于，竟然Eg:Somereallykeenenthusiastsgosofarastobuildtheirowncomputers.withoutsomuchasdoing甚至于，連...都沒Eg:Heleftthejobwithoutsomuchassayinggood-bye.他連聲招呼都不打就甩手不干了。factsandstatistics確切數(shù)字兩個(gè)詞義和詞類相同，但詞形不同的單詞連用，組成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，以達(dá)到音韻上的和諧之美，取得修辭上的平衡效果，稱之為同義重復(fù)修飾。factsandstatisticsEg:Servethepeopleheartandsoul.全心全意為人民服務(wù)Eg:Thecontractisnullandvoid.合同無效and只是語法上的連接，實(shí)際含義要取決于語境。Eg:warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭與和平talkandlaugh有說有笑menandmen各式各樣的人(and各式各樣的)Itwasnoteasytocarrysuchaheavyload,andduringthedogdays.扛這么重的東西很不容易，更何況是這么熱的天呢。(and更何況)leadto通向(to是介詞)Eg:EachroadleadstoRome.directto指向哪里，導(dǎo)向...guideto引導(dǎo)…到…Eg:Onlyhardworkwillguideyoutosuccess.runto跑向，趨向,向…去Eg:Hundredsofstepsruntothehighwall.headfor朝向那里，通向哪里,朝…進(jìn)發(fā)makefor大步朝前走，大部走向那里，前往surround圍繞著goaround(口)Eg:Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichgoesaroundthepresident'spalace.revolvearound(tomoveincirclesaroundsth)Eg:ThemoonrevolvesaroundtheSun.rotate自轉(zhuǎn)Eg:ThemoonrotateswhileitrevolvesaroundtheSun.revolutionEg:Theman-madesatellitemade30revolutionsaroundtheEarth.這顆人造衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)整整環(huán)繞地球30周了。(不是人造衛(wèi)星干了30場(chǎng)革命)不同人對(duì)同一詞的理解不可避免帶有主觀色彩。文化無孔不入的浸透在語言結(jié)構(gòu)及理解之中，而這種差異直接或間接的影響著不同文化的讀者解讀語篇的過程。Eg:Itieahorsetoalocust.(本句中l(wèi)ocust是洋槐，不是蝗蟲)setout出發(fā)startoff出發(fā)seesbout送出門seesboff送行seesbhome送回家gotopress付印havesthprinted打印no否定意義很強(qiáng)receivenoreply音信皆無Eg:Heisnotafool.他不是傻瓜Heisnofool!他可一點(diǎn)都不傻Hecan'tunderstandthislecture.NeithercanI.NomorecanI.Thisoneisnotbetterthanthatone.這個(gè)不比那個(gè)好。Thisoneisnobetterthanthatone.這個(gè)和那個(gè)一樣糟。notonly...but...aswell不僅...而且...Eg:TheBigBenisnotonlyofimmensesizebutit'saccurateaswell.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested...在英文中，如果表示否定的副詞或副詞詞組放在句首，就必須后接“助動(dòng)詞+主語+句子的其它部分”。這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)特別用來加強(qiáng)語氣。倒裝：實(shí)質(zhì)是為了突出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。(否定詞用于句前，句子要倒裝)NotonlyEg:Notonlydidhemakeapromise,buthealsokeptit.NotuntilEg；Notuntilthe13thstrikedidtheclockstop.(Theclockdidnotstopuntillthe13thstrike.)while/when/as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句當(dāng)主句主語與從句主語一致，而且從句謂語為be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞和主語都在從句中被省略。Eg:...hehadbeenarrestedwhile(hewa