項(xiàng)目1 任務(wù) 2 齒輪泵的認(rèn)知

齒輪泵的認(rèn)知KnowledgeaboutGearPump任務(wù)2Task2任務(wù)描述TaskDescription1齒輪泵的工作原理是什么，它有什么優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)？以及在使用的過(guò)程中會(huì)出現(xiàn)什么問(wèn)題？那么齒輪泵主要應(yīng)用在那些場(chǎng)合？Whataretheworkingprinciple,advantagesanddisadvantagesofthegearpump?Whatproblemswillappearintheprocessofuse?Whatarethemainapplicationscenariosofgearpumps?圖1-2-1齒輪泵

Figure1-2-1GearPump齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2在齒輪泵的泵體內(nèi)有一對(duì)外嚙合齒輪，齒輪兩側(cè)有端蓋。泵體、端蓋和齒輪的各個(gè)齒間組成了許多密封工作腔。當(dāng)齒輪按圖示方向旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，右側(cè)吸油腔由于相互嚙合的輪齒逐漸脫開(kāi)，密封工作腔容積增大，形成部分真空，油箱中的油液被大氣壓從油箱壓入，將齒間槽充滿，并隨著齒輪旋轉(zhuǎn)，把油液帶到左側(cè)壓油腔去。在壓油區(qū)一側(cè)，由于輪齒逐漸進(jìn)入嚙合，密封工作腔容積不斷減小，油液便被擠出去。Thereisapairofexternally-engagedgearsinthegearpumpbody.Endcoversareprovidedonbothsidesofthegears.Variousenclosedworkingchambersareformedamongthepumpbody,endcoverandvariousgears.Ifthegearrotatesinadirectionshowninthefigure,thevolumeoftheenclosedworkingchamber(oftherightfluidsuctionchamber)willincreaseastheengagedgearteethgraduallydisengage,formingapartialvacuum.Undertheactionofatmosphericpressure,thefluidinthetankwillbeforcedfromthetanktofillupthetoothspace,andbroughttotheleftfluidpressingchamberduetogearrotation.Forthefluidpressingarea,thevolumeoftheenclosedworkingchamberwilldecreasecontinuouslyasthegearteethgraduallyengage,soastoforcethefluidout.齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2圖1-2-2外嚙合型齒輪泵工作原理

Figure1-2-2WorkingPrincipleofExternally-engagedGearPump齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2圖1-2-3齒輪泵的結(jié)構(gòu)Figure1-2-3StructureofGearPump1-軸承外環(huán)2-堵頭3-滾子4-后泵蓋5-鍵6-齒輪7-泵體8-前泵蓋9-螺釘10-壓環(huán)11-密封環(huán)12-主動(dòng)軸13-鍵14-泄油孔15-從動(dòng)軸16-泄油槽17-定位銷1-Outerraceofbearing2-Plug3-Roller4-Rearpumpcover5-Key6-Gear7-Pumpbody8-Frontpumpcover9-Screw10-Compressionring11-Sealring12-Drivingshaft13-Key14-Fluiddrainhole15-Drivenshaft16-Drainpan17-Positioningpin齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2二齒輪泵結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)IIStructuralCharacteristicsofGearPump（1）泄漏(1)Leakage這里所說(shuō)的泄漏是指液壓泵的內(nèi)部泄漏，即一部分液壓油從壓油腔流回吸油腔，沒(méi)有輸送到系統(tǒng)中去。泄漏降低了液壓泵的容積效率。Theleakageherereferstotheinternalleakageofthehydraulicpump(thatis,somehydraulicfluidflowsbacktothefluidsuctionchamberfromthefluidpressingchambersothatitisnotdeliveredtothesystem).Leakagereducesthevolumetricefficiencyofthehydraulicpump.齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2二齒輪泵結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)IIStructuralCharacteristicsofGearPump(2)齒輪泵的困油問(wèn)題(2)Fluidpocketingofgearpump根據(jù)齒輪嚙合原理，齒輪的重疊系數(shù)應(yīng)該大于1,即存在兩對(duì)輪齒同時(shí)進(jìn)入嚙合的時(shí)候。basedontheengagingprinciple,theoverlapcoefficientofgearsshouldbegreaterthan1(thatis,twopairsofgearteethcanengageatthesametime).圖1-2-4齒輪泵的困油現(xiàn)象

Figure1-2-4FluidTrappingofGearPump齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2二齒輪泵結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)IIStructuralCharacteristicsofGearPump（3）徑向不平衡力(3)Unbalancedradialforce

齒輪泵工作時(shí),在齒輪和軸承上承受徑向液壓力的作用。Whenthegearpumpisworking,thegearandbearingwillwithstandtheradialhydraulicpressure.3內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵3Internally-engagedgear內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵的工作原理也是利用齒間密封容積的變化來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)吸油壓油的。圖3-2-5所示是內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵的實(shí)物以及工作原理圖。Theinternally-engagedgearrealizesthefluidsuctionandpressingbythechangeintheenclosedvolumebetweengears.Therealproductandworkingprincipleoftheinternally-engagedgearareshowninFigure1-2-5.圖1-2-5內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵的實(shí)物以及工作原理圖Figure1-2-5RealProductandWorkingPrincipleofInternally-engagedGear齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump2內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn),如結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,體積小,零件少,轉(zhuǎn)速可高達(dá)10000r/min,運(yùn)動(dòng)平穩(wěn),噪聲低,容積效率較高等。缺點(diǎn)是流量脈動(dòng)大,轉(zhuǎn)子的制造工藝復(fù)雜等,目前已采用粉末冶金壓制成型。隨著工業(yè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,擺線齒輪泵的應(yīng)用將會(huì)愈來(lái)愈廣泛內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵可正、反轉(zhuǎn),可作液壓馬達(dá)用。Theinternally-engagedgearhasmanyadvantages,suchascompactstructure,smallvolume,lessparts,highspeedupto10,000r/min,stablemovement,lownoiseandhighvolumetricefficiency.Itsdisadvantagesincludelargeflowfluctuationandcomplicatedmanufacturingprocessoftherotor.Atpresent,thepowdermetallurgyprocessisadopted.Withthedevelopmentofindustrialtechnology,theapplicationofcycloidalgearpumpswillbecomebroader.Theinternally-engagedgearmaybeusedasahydraulicmotorasitcanrotateinforwardandreversedirections.齒輪泵的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)IWorkingPrincipleandStructureofGearPump3內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn),如結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,體積小,零件少,轉(zhuǎn)速可高達(dá)10000r/min,運(yùn)動(dòng)平穩(wěn),噪聲低,容積效率較高等。缺點(diǎn)是流量脈動(dòng)大,轉(zhuǎn)子的制造工藝復(fù)雜等,目前已采用粉末冶金壓制成型。隨著工業(yè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,擺線齒輪泵的應(yīng)用將會(huì)愈來(lái)愈廣泛內(nèi)嚙合齒輪泵可正、反轉(zhuǎn),可作液壓馬達(dá)用。Theinternally-engagedgearhasmanyadvantages,suchascompactstructure,smallvolume,lessparts,highspeedupto10,000r/min,stablemovement,lownoiseandhighvolumetricefficiency.Itsdisadvantagesincludelargeflowfluctuationandcomplicatedmanufacturingprocessoftherotor.Atpresent,thepowdermetallurgyprocessisadopted.Withthedevelopmentofindustrialtechnology,theapplicationofcycloidalgearpumpswillbecomebroader.Theinternally-engagedgearmaybeusedasahydraulicmotorasitcanrotateinforwardandreversedirections.任務(wù)實(shí)施：Taskimplementation:21講述齒輪泵的結(jié)構(gòu)，并說(shuō)出其主要由那幾部分組成？1Explainthestructureandcompositionof