項(xiàng)目5 任務(wù) 1 氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的工作原理及組成

氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的工作原理及組成WorkingPrincipleandCompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem任務(wù)1Task1任務(wù)描述TaskDescription1了解氣壓傳動(dòng)的工作原理，以及氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的組成，那么常用的氣壓傳動(dòng)的應(yīng)用場合主要有哪些那？Proportionalcontrolvalvereferstothevalvethatconvertsthesmall-powerelectriccurrentinputintoamplifiedhydraulicpower(loadpressureandloadflow)outputbyamplifyingcomponentsinelectrohydraulicservosystem,inordertocontrolthedisplacement,speed,accelerationandforceofactuatingcomponents.Whatarethecommonlyusedproportionalcontrolvalves?Whataretheinstallationprecautions?氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的工作原理WorkingPrincipleofPneumaticTransmissionSystem2氣壓傳動(dòng)，是以壓縮空氣為工作介質(zhì)進(jìn)行能量傳遞和信號(hào)傳遞的一門技術(shù)。氣壓傳動(dòng)的工作原理是利用空壓機(jī)把電動(dòng)機(jī)或其它原動(dòng)機(jī)輸出的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)換為空氣的壓力能，然后在控制元件的作用下，通過執(zhí)行元件把壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換為直線運(yùn)動(dòng)或回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的機(jī)械能，從而完成各種動(dòng)作，并對(duì)外做功。氣動(dòng)傳動(dòng)是以壓縮空氣為傳動(dòng)介質(zhì)，空氣可以方便獲得，用過的氣體也可方便排出，避免了液壓傳動(dòng)中由于泄露造成的污染等一系列問題。Pneumatictransmissionisatechniquewhichdeliversenergyandsignalbyusingcompressedairasworkingmedium.Theworkingprincipleofpneumatictransmissionthatanaircompressorconvertsthemechanicalenergyoutputfromanelectricmotororotherprimemoverintotheairpressureenergy,thenactuatingcomponentconvertsthepressureenergyintomechanicalenergyintheformoflinearorrotatingmovementundertheeffectofcontrolcomponent,soastocompletevariousactionsandtodoexternalwork.Pneumatictransmissionusescompressedairastransmissionmedium;aircanbeconvenientlyobtainedandtheusedgascanalsobeconvenientlydischarged,sotheseriesproblemsofpollutioncausedbyleakageofhydraulictransmissioncanbeavoided.氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的工作原理WorkingPrincipleofPneumaticTransmissionSystem2的氣動(dòng)機(jī)械手是自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和生產(chǎn)線上的重要裝置之一，它可以根據(jù)各種自動(dòng)化設(shè)備的工作需要，按照預(yù)定的控制程序動(dòng)作，因此，在機(jī)械加工、沖壓、鍛造、鑄造、裝配和熱處理等生產(chǎn)過程中被廣泛用來搬運(yùn)工件，借以減輕工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，也可實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)取料、上料、卸料和自動(dòng)換刀的功能。氣動(dòng)機(jī)械手是機(jī)械手的一種，它具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，自重小，動(dòng)作迅速、平穩(wěn)、可靠和節(jié)能等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。ThepneumaticmanipulatorshowninFigure5-1-1isoneoftheimportantdevicesofautomaticproductionequipmentandproductionline.Itactsaccordingtopredeterminedcontrolprogramsbasedontheoperationalneedsofvariouskindsofautomatedequipment.Therefore,itiswidelyusedinmachining,stamping,forging,casting,assembling,heattreatmentandthelikeforhandlingworkpieces,soastoreducethelaborintensityofworkers.Itcanalsobeusedforachievingthefunctionssuchasautomaticmaterialfetching,loading,unloadingandautomatictoolchanging.Pneumaticmanipulatorisakindofmanipulator,whichisfeaturedinsimplestructure,smalldeadweight,quickaction,stability,reliabilityandenergy-saving,etc.Figure5-1-1PneumaticManipulator氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的組成CompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem3氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)類似，也是由四部分組成的，它們是：

Similartothehydraulictransmissionsystem,thepneumatictransmissionsystemalsoconsistsoffourparts,including:(1)氣源裝置是獲得壓縮空氣的裝置。其主體部分是空氣壓縮機(jī)，它將原動(dòng)機(jī)供給的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闅怏w的壓力能；(1)Airsupplydevice,whichisthedeviceforobtainingcompressedair.Itsmainpartisanaircompressorthatconvertsthemechanicalenergyofprimemoverintoairpressureenergy(2)控制元件是用來控制壓縮空氣的壓力、流量和流動(dòng)方向的，以便使執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)完成預(yù)定的工作循環(huán)，它包括各種壓力控制閥、流量控制閥和方向控制閥等；(2)Controlcomponent,whichisusedforcontrollingthepressure,flowrateandflowdirectionofthecompressedair,suchthattheactuatingmechanismcancompletepredeterminedworkingcycle;thesecomponentsincludevariouspressurecontrolvalves,flowcontrolvalvesanddirectionalcontrolvalves,etc.;氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的組成CompositionofPneumaticTransmissionSystem3(3)執(zhí)行元件是將氣體的壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)械能的一種能量轉(zhuǎn)換裝置。它包括實(shí)現(xiàn)直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的氣缸和實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)或擺動(dòng)的氣馬達(dá)或擺動(dòng)馬在等；(3)Actuatingcomponent,referringtoanenergyconvertingdevicethatconvertstheairpressureenergyintomechanicalenergy.Itincludestheaircylinderforrealizinglinearreciprocatingmovementandthepneumaticmotororswingmotorforrealizingcontinuousrotatingorswingingmovement;(4)輔助元件是保證壓縮空氣的凈化、元件的潤滑、元件間的連接及消聲等所必須的，它包括過濾器、油霧器、管接頭及消聲器等。(4)Auxiliarycomponent,whichisnecessarytoensurethepurificationofcompressedair,thelubricationofcomponents,theconnectionandmufflingbetweencomponents,etc.,includingfilter,atomizedlubricator,pipejointandmuffler,etc.任務(wù)實(shí)施Taskimplementation41通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)查詢哪些傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中使用氣壓傳動(dòng)，舉出三個(gè)實(shí)例。1Querywhattransmissionsystemsareusingpneumatictransmissionthroughnetwork,andgivethreeexamples.2分組并討論。按照3-5個(gè)人進(jìn)行分組，然后就氣壓傳動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行討論，并說明與其他傳動(dòng)的不同。最后，每一個(gè)組進(jìn)行匯報(bào)。2Groupinganddiscussion:Groupin3-5persons,anddiscussthecharacteristicsofpneumatictransmission,a