【英語(yǔ)】四川省雅安市多校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中試題(解析版)

四川省雅安市多校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOurhistoryisrichwithremarkablescientistswhohelpedadvancethedevelopmentofoursociety.Herearesomeofthem.IsaacNewton(1643-1727)IsaacNewtonisconsideredbymanytobethegreatestscientistofalltime.Thereweren’tmanysubjectsthatNewtondidn’thaveasignificantimpacton—hewasoneoftheinventorsofcalculus(微積分),builtthefirstreflectingtelescope,andhelpedestablishthefieldofclassicalmechanics(力學(xué)).Hewasthefirsttodividewhitelightintoitscomponentcolorsandhegaveusthethreelawsofmotion,nowknownasNewton’slaws.EmmyNoether(1882-1935)EmmyNoetherwasaGermanmathematicianparticularlyknownforNoether’stheorem,whichestablishesafundamentalconnectioninsymmetries(對(duì)稱)inphysics.Itisconsideredamilestoneofmoderntheoreticalphysics.Hercontributionsarefoundationalinvariousbranchesofmathematicsaswell,suchasabstractalgebra,algebraicgeometryandtopology.CarlFriedrichGauss(1777-1855)CarlFriedrichGausswasborninapoorfamilyinGermanyandquicklyshowedhimselftobeabrilliantmathematician.HepublishedDisquisitionesArithmeticae,afoundationaltextbookthatlaidouttheprinciplesofnumbertheory.Manyoftheadvancementsthatwe’vemadeinusingcomputerstosolveproblemsaresolvedusingnumbertheory.Gausswasproductive,andhisworkonnumbertheorywasjustasmallpartofhiscontributiontomath.JohnvonNeumann(1903-1957)Before1940,JohnvonNeumannfocusedprimarilyonmathematics.Thenheturnedtoitspracticaluse,designingthestructureofnearlyeverysinglecomputertoday.Rightnow,whateverdevicethatyouarereadingthison,whetheraphoneorcomputer,iscyclingthroughaseriesofbasicstepsbillionsoftimesovereachsecond,stepsthatwerefirstthoughtupbyJohnvonNeumann.Remarkably,Heproposedatheoryofglobalwarmingcausedbyhumanactivity.1.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutanenvironmentalissue?A.IsaacNewton. B.EmmyNoether. C.CarlFriedrichGauss. D.JohnvonNeumann.2.Whatdothefourscientistshaveincommon?A.Theyshowedagiftforphysicssinceyoung.B.Theycontributedalottothecomputerfield.C.Theywerehighlyestablishedinmathematics.D.Theywerefromasimilarfamilybackground.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapermaythetextappear?A.Environment. B.Figure. C.Culture. D.News.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四位推動(dòng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的偉大科學(xué)家?！敬鸢浮?.D2.C3.B1．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JohnvonNeumann(1903-1957)中“Remarkably,Heproposedatheoryofglobalwarmingcausedbyhumanactivity.”（值得一提的是，他提出了人類(lèi)活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致全球變暖的理論。）可知，是JohnvonNeumann提出了關(guān)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題的理論。故選D項(xiàng)。2．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)IsaacNewton中“Thereweren’tmanysubjectsthatNewtondidn’thaveasignificantimpacton—hewasoneoftheinventorsofcalculus(微積分),builtthefirstreflectingtelescope,andhelpedestablishthefieldofclassicalmechanics(力學(xué)).”（牛頓是微積分的發(fā)明者之一，制造了第一架反射望遠(yuǎn)鏡，并幫助建立了經(jīng)典力學(xué)領(lǐng)域。）、EmmyNoether中“EmmyNoetherwasaGermanmathematicianparticularlyknownforNoether’stheorem,whichestablishesafundamentalconnectioninsymmetries(對(duì)稱)inphysics.”（埃米-諾特是德國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)家，尤其以諾特定理而聞名，該定理建立了物理學(xué)中對(duì)稱的基本聯(lián)系。）、CarlFriedrichGauss中“CarlFriedrichGausswasborninapoorfamilyinGermanyandquicklyshowedhimselftobeabrilliantmathematician.”（卡爾弗里德里希高斯出生于德國(guó)的一個(gè)貧困家庭，很快就顯示出他是一位杰出的數(shù)學(xué)家。）以及JohnvonNeumann中“Before1940,JohnvonNeumannfocusedprimarilyonmathematics.”（約翰馮諾依曼主要從事數(shù)學(xué)研究。）可知，這四位科學(xué)家的共同點(diǎn)是：他們?cè)跀?shù)學(xué)方面有很高的造詣。故選C項(xiàng)。3．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ourhistoryisrichwithremarkablescientistswhohelpedadvancethedevelopmentofoursociety.Herearesomeofthem.”（我國(guó)歷史上有許多杰出的科學(xué)家，他們幫助推動(dòng)了社會(huì)的發(fā)展。以下是其中的幾位。）并結(jié)合全文理解可知，這篇文章主要介紹了四位杰出的科學(xué)家，因此可能出自關(guān)于人物介紹的文章。故選B項(xiàng)。BIn1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlow-incomecommunities.Oneday,shesawsomethingthatstoppedherinhertracks.“Iwasataschoolinawealthycommunity,andtheyweregettingridofalmostbrand-newbooksbecausetheydidn’thaveroominthelibrary,“saidConstantino.Sheputthebooksinhercaranddrovethemtoaschoolinanunderservedcommunity.Shockedbythedifferenceshesawinpublicschoollibraries,Constantinobecamedeterminedtobridgethegap.“Schoollibrariesarenotfundedwell,andsometimesnotfundedatall,”saidConstantino.“Ifyou’reachildinanunderservedcommunity,you’releftwithboring,outdated,anduninterestingbooks.“ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.Constantinorecruits(招募)volunteerswhoworkalongsidethecommunitytocreateawarm,vibrant(充滿生機(jī)的)andwelcominglibraryspace.Studentsandtheirfamilies,aswellasschoolstaffandteachers,cometogethertojoinin.“We’reworkingtogether.It’snotagift;it’sapartnership.Itreallybuildsasenseofcommunity,”saidConstantino.Inadditiontobookdonationsandrefurbishing(再裝修)libraries,thegroupoffersauthorvisitswithschoolsandholdsanannualwritersconferenceforkids.Constantinosaid,“Ifweprovidehigh-interestbooksandabeautifullibraryspace,theydocomeandtheydoread.Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.Mygoalisthatkidscanalwayshaveafriendinabookandtheycanalwaysturntoabooktofindcomfortandtolearnsomething.”4.WhydidConstantinodothestudyin1999?A.ToprepareforaPhD.B.Toreducethewasteofbooks.C.Todonatemorebookstopoorcommunities.D.Tofigureoutkids’waysofgainingreadingbooks.5.HowdidConstantinobridgethegap?A.Byobtainingdonatedbooks.B.Byraisingmoneyonthestreet.C.Byfoundingaprofitableorganization.D.Bygettingsupportfromthelocalgovernment.6.WhichcanbestdescribeConstantino’swork?A.Challenging. B.Successful. C.Depressing. D.Doubtful.7.Whatimpactdoesthenonprofitorganizationhaveonkidsinpoorcommunities?A.Theycanturntowritersoncampus.B.Theyaremorewillingtoreadbooks.C.Theydonatetheirownbookstoschoollibraries.D.Theythinkthebooksontheshelfdifficulttoread.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了RebeccaConstantino為學(xué)校和社區(qū)圖書(shū)館提供書(shū)籍和翻新圖書(shū)館的故事，以及該項(xiàng)目的目的和成果?！敬鸢浮?.D5.A6.B7.B4．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“In1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlowincomecommunities.(1999年，RebeccaConstantino開(kāi)始在洛杉磯的學(xué)校進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)研究。她剛剛獲得了語(yǔ)言、讀寫(xiě)和學(xué)習(xí)的博士學(xué)位，她正在分析富裕和低收入社區(qū)的兒童獲得書(shū)籍的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，RebeccaConstantino在1999年進(jìn)行研究是為了分析富裕和低收入社區(qū)的兒童獲得書(shū)籍的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。5．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.(關(guān)于Constantino工作的消息傳開(kāi)了，書(shū)籍開(kāi)始堆積起來(lái)。如今，她的非營(yíng)利性組織“獲取圖書(shū)”已經(jīng)為加州的公立學(xué)校和社區(qū)圖書(shū)館提供了150多萬(wàn)本書(shū)。)”可知，為了彌補(bǔ)公立私立學(xué)校圖書(shū)館之間的差異，她為公立學(xué)校和社區(qū)圖書(shū)館提供捐贈(zèng)的書(shū)。故選A。6．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.(該組織還重新裝修了公立學(xué)校和無(wú)家可歸者收容所的近350個(gè)圖書(shū)館。)”、第五段“Constantinorecruits(招募)volunteerswhoworkalongsidethecommunitytocreateawarm,vibrant(充滿生機(jī)的)andwelcominglibraryspace.(Constantino招募志愿者與社區(qū)一起工作，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)溫暖、充滿活力和熱情的圖書(shū)館空間。)”以及最后一段“Inadditiontobookdonationsandrefurbishing(再裝修)libraries，thegroupoffersauthorvisitswithschoolsandholdsanannualwritersconferenceforkids.(除了捐贈(zèng)書(shū)籍和翻新圖書(shū)館外，該組織還組織作者訪問(wèn)學(xué)校，并為兒童舉辦年度作家會(huì)議。)”可知，Constantino的工作非常成功，給學(xué)校、社區(qū)、學(xué)生帶來(lái)了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。故選B。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Constantinosaid,“Ifweprovidehigh-interestbooksandabeautifullibraryspace,theydocomeandtheydoread.Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.Mygoalisthatkidscanalwayshaveafriendinabookandtheycanalwaysturntoabooktofindcomfortandtolearnsomething.”(Constantino說(shuō)：“如果我們提供高興趣的書(shū)籍和美麗的圖書(shū)館空間，他們就會(huì)來(lái)讀書(shū)。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們服務(wù)的學(xué)校里，我們來(lái)了之后，借書(shū)的數(shù)量顯著增加。所以我們知道孩子們對(duì)我們提供的書(shū)很感興趣。我的目標(biāo)是孩子們總能在書(shū)中找到一個(gè)朋友，他們總能從書(shū)中找到安慰，學(xué)到一些東西?！?”可知，Constantino所創(chuàng)建的這個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織讓貧困社區(qū)的孩子對(duì)讀書(shū)感興趣。故選B。CIfyoufeelthatmakingfriendsasakidiseasy,you’reright.“Theyhaveabreakbetweenlessonsandgymclasses.Theycanlettheirguarddown,”saysMarisaG.Franco,asought-afterfriendship&belongingexpert.However,it’snotthecaseforadults.Eventhoughtheyseetheircolleagueseveryday,theystillfinditnevereasytobefriendswiththem.IntheUS,forexample,a2021surveybytheAmericanEnterpriseInstitute,foundthatthenumberofadultswhosaidtheyhadnoclosefriendshadincreasedfourtimessince1990,goingfrom3percentto12percent.“We’veneverbeenmoredisconnected,”sayspsychologistandauthorJodyCarrington.Althoughadultsspendtimetogetherfrom9:00amto6:00pmandevenlateintothenight,thefastpacedworkpatterndictatesthatcommunicationislimitedtothecontentofthework,andafterwork,theyimmediatelygobacktohomes,leavingnoextraenergytohaveunplannedinteractionstodevelopfurtherfriendship.ResearchbyBrighamYoungUniversitypsychologistJulianneHolt-Lunstadhasshownthatlonelinessisamajorthreattolongevity(長(zhǎng)壽),sameassmoking15cigarettesadayorbeinganalcoholic.Peoplewhoarelonelyorsociallycutoffhaveahigherriskofhavingdiseaseslikedepression,dementiaandcardiacdeath.Ontheanotherside,healthyfriendshipscanhelpusalot,doingbetterwithstressandlivinghappierandlonger.Plus,happinessiscontagious.Harvardresearchersfoundthatwhenanindividualbecomeshappy,hisorherfriendswholiveina1.6-kilometreradiushavea25percenthigherchanceofgettingaboostinhappiness,too.Hence,makinganddeepeningfriendshipsmattersmorethanweimagine.Youmightthinkmakingfriendsisaninherentskillthatdoesn’tneedtobetaught.It’snotthecase.Wecanallgetbetteratconnectionifwetry.Someexpertsoffersometrickstomakefindingconnectionalittleeasier.8.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Bylistingalotoffigures.B.Bydrawingaconclusion.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byshowingaconversation.9.Whatmakesanadultdifficulttobefriendswithothersaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Lackofbreaksintheworkplace.B.Worryaboutbeingdeeplyhurt.C.Unwillingnesstocommunicate.D.Lackofunplannedinteractions.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinparagraph3?A.Thenecessityofstayingconnected.B.Theapproachtoleadingahappylife.C.Theconsequencesofgettingintobadhabits.D.Therelationshipbetweenhappinessandhabits.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contagious”inparagraph3mean?A.Unrealistic. B.Influential. C.Flexible. D.Unique.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了成年人不容易建立聯(lián)系的原因，強(qiáng)調(diào)了建立聯(lián)系的重要性并提出建議?！敬鸢浮?.C9.D10.A11.B8．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyoufeelthatmakingfriendsasakidiseasy,you’reright.“Theyhaveabreakbetweenlessonsandgymclasses.Theycanlettheirguarddown,”(如果你覺(jué)得小時(shí)候交朋友很容易，那你是對(duì)的。“他們?cè)谏险n和體育課之間有休息時(shí)間。他們可以放松警惕。”)”和“However,it’snotthecaseforadults.Eventhoughtheyseetheircolleagueseveryday,theystillfinditnevereasytobefriendswiththem.(然而，成年人卻不是這樣。即使他們每天都能見(jiàn)到他們的同事，他們?nèi)匀挥X(jué)得和他們成為朋友從來(lái)都不容易。)”可知，作者在第一段通過(guò)對(duì)比的方式引出話題。故選C。9．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Althoughadultsspendtimetogetherfrom9:00amto6:00pmandevenlateintothenight,thefastpacedworkpatterndictatesthatcommunicationislimitedtothecontentofthework,andafterwork,theyimmediatelygobacktohomes,leavingnoextraenergytohaveunplannedinteractionstodevelopfurtherfriendship.(雖然成年人從早上9點(diǎn)到下午6點(diǎn)，甚至到深夜都在一起，但快節(jié)奏的工作模式?jīng)Q定了交流僅限于工作內(nèi)容，下班后，他們立即回家，沒(méi)有多余的精力進(jìn)行計(jì)劃外的互動(dòng)，以發(fā)展進(jìn)一步的友誼。)”可知，根據(jù)第2段，缺乏計(jì)劃外的互動(dòng)使成年人很難與他人成為朋友。故選D。10．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ResearchbyBrighamYoungUniversitypsychologistJulianneHolt-Lunstadhasshownthatlonelinessisamajorthreattolongevity(長(zhǎng)壽),sameassmoking15cigarettesadayorbeinganalcoholic.Peoplewhoarelonelyorsociallycutoffhaveahigherriskofhavingdiseaseslikedepression,dementiaandcardiacdeath.Ontheanotherside,healthyfriendshipscanhelpusalot,doingbetterwithstressandlivinghappierandlonger.(楊百翰大學(xué)心理學(xué)家JulianneHolt-Lunstad的研究表明，孤獨(dú)是長(zhǎng)壽的主要威脅，就像每天吸15支煙或酗酒一樣。孤獨(dú)或與社會(huì)隔絕的人患抑郁癥、癡呆和心臟性死亡等疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。另一方面，健康的友誼可以幫助我們更好地應(yīng)對(duì)壓力，活得更快樂(lè)、更長(zhǎng)久。)”可知，孤獨(dú)不好，人們應(yīng)該與他人保持聯(lián)系，作者在第三段想要傳達(dá)保持聯(lián)系的必要性。故選A。11．【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Harvardresearchersfoundthatwhenanindividualbecomeshappy,hisorherfriendswholiveina1.6-kilometreradiushavea25percenthigherchanceofgettingaboostinhappiness,too.(哈佛大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)一個(gè)人變得快樂(lè)時(shí)，他或她住在1.6公里半徑內(nèi)的朋友也有25%的機(jī)會(huì)獲得快樂(lè)。)”可知，快樂(lè)是有感染力的。由此可知，contagious意為“有感染力的”，和B項(xiàng)：Influential(有影響力的)意思接近。故選B。DCoralreefs(珊瑚礁)areauniqueoceanecosystemconsistingofrockystructuresmainlyformedbycoralanimalsandsomeotheroceanlife.Despiteonlycovering0.2percentoftheoceanfloor,coralreefssupportatleast25percentofmarinespecies,aswellasprovidingfoodandeconomicsecurityforhundredsofmillionsofpeople.However,coralreefsacrosstheworldareunderthreat.Warmeroceanscancausethecoralbleaching(漂白).Ithappenswhenthecoralslosecoloredalgae(海藻)livingintheirbodiesandturncompletelywhite.Withoutthealgae,thecoralslosetheirmainfoodsourceandcandie.Inaddition,asoceansbecomemoreacidic(酸性的)fromabsorbingCO?,coralsinacidicconditionsbecomeweakinformingreefs.In2021,theUnitedNationsreporteda14percentlossofcoralsacrosstheworldlargelyfromrisingseatemperaturesintheprevious13years.Australiadeclaredmassbleachingeventsin2022acrosslargepartsoftheGreatBarrierReef,fourtimessince2016.DatafromthePhilippinesshowedhigherthanusualoceantemperaturesbetween2015and2017hadcausedaseriousthree-yearbleachingeventsinreefsacrosstheplanet.Scientistshavebeencooperatingtoseehowcoralreefscanbeprotected.Thankfully,theyfindthosecoralreefsinthehotpartsoftheglobearetheworstaffected.Theycontaincoralswithbetterheatresistance.Sotheirresearchfocusonfindinggenes(基因)forheattolerancesothattheycanbepassedontofuturegenerations.Biologistsalsomixcoralsthataremoreresilienttohighertemperatureswiththosethatarenotandtheresultinggenerationhasabetterchanceofsurvival.Ultimately,scientistsaddthatwithoutaseriousdeclineingreenhousegas,99percentoftheworld’scoralreefswillbegonebytheendofthecentury.Thereisalimittohowquicklycoralscanadaptwarmclimate,butiftemperaturesriserapidly,thenextinctioniscertain.12.Whichisthemainthreattocoralreefs?A.Decliningoceanacidification. B.Lossofcoloredalgae.C.Increasingseatemperatures. D.Lackoffoodsource.13.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph3?A.Noactionsaretakentoprotectcoralreefs.B.CoralbleachingistheworstinAustralia.C.Coralreefshavegrownrapidlyforyears.D.Coralreefsreceiveimpactsglobally.14.Whatcanbethebasicwaytoprotectcoralreefs?A.Reducinggreenhousegasemission. B.Transplantingthemtothehotparts.C.Relyingongenesscience. D.Limitingtheirspread.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereAreCoralReefsSpread?B.HowCanCoralReefsSurvive?C.CoralReefs,ANewThreatToOceanLifeD.CoralReefs.ABusyUnderwaterCommunity【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了珊瑚礁的重要性，以及目前面臨氣溫上升的危險(xiǎn)處境，強(qiáng)調(diào)了減少溫室氣體的排放的必要性?！敬鸢浮?2.C13.D14.A15.B12．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,coralreefsacrosstheworldareunderthreat.Warmeroceanscancausethecoralbleaching.”（然而，世界各地的珊瑚礁正受到威脅。海洋變暖會(huì)導(dǎo)致珊瑚漂白。）可知海洋溫度上升是珊瑚礁的主要威脅。故選C項(xiàng)。13．【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“In2021,theUnitedNationsreporteda14percentlossofcoralsacrosstheworldlargelyfromrisingseatemperaturesintheprevious13years.”（2021年，聯(lián)合國(guó)報(bào)告稱，全球珊瑚減少了14%，主要原因是過(guò)去13年海水溫度上升。）以及“DatafromthePhilippinesshowedhigherthanusualoceantemperaturesbetween2015and2017hadcausedaseriousthree-yearbleachingeventsinreefsacrosstheplanet.”（來(lái)自菲律賓的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2015年至2017年期間海洋溫度高于平常，導(dǎo)致全球珊瑚礁發(fā)生了長(zhǎng)達(dá)三年的嚴(yán)重白化事件。）可知第三段主要講述的是珊瑚礁受到的影響是全球性的。故選D項(xiàng)。14．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ultimately,scientistsaddthatwithoutaseriousdeclineingreenhousegas,99percentoftheworld’scoralreefswillbegonebytheendofthecentury.”（最終，科學(xué)家補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，如果溫室氣體排放量不大幅減少，到本世紀(jì)末，世界上99%的珊瑚礁將消失。）可推知減少溫室氣體的排放是保護(hù)珊瑚礁的根本辦法。故選A項(xiàng)。15．【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,coralreefsacrosstheworldareunderthreat.Warmeroceanscancausethecoralbleaching.”（然而，世界各地的珊瑚礁正受到威脅。海洋變暖會(huì)導(dǎo)致珊瑚漂白。）以及最后一段中“Thereisalimittohowquicklycoralscanadaptwarmclimate,butiftemperaturesriserapidly,thenextinctioniscertain.”（珊瑚礁適應(yīng)溫暖氣候的速度是有限的，但如果溫度迅速上升，那么滅絕是肯定的。）并結(jié)合全文理解可知，這篇文章講述了珊瑚礁的現(xiàn)狀和處境，只有減少溫室氣體排放才可以讓珊瑚存活。B項(xiàng)HowCanCoralReefsSurvive?（如何讓珊瑚礁存活？）符合主旨。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyonefeelsalittlejealous(妒忌的)onceinawhile.Butwhenthefeelingbeginstoruinyourrelationshipandcauseyoustress,it’sprobablytimetostartlookingforwaystogetridofit.Herearesometipstohelpyoualongtheway.___16___Sometimestherearedeeperunderlying(潛在的)issuesthatfueljealousy.Onceyouadmitthatyou’restrugglingwithjealousy,it’stimetostartlookingintowhyyou’refeelingthatway.___17___.Whenyoufeellikeyou’refallingbehindeveryoneelse,it’seasytobecomejealouswhenyouseeotherpeople’ssuccess.Useyourjealousytomotivateyourself___18___.Whilepeopleoftenviewjealousyasabadthing,beingjealouscanactuallyprovideyouwithavaluablelearningopportunity.Whenyou’rejealous,it’susuallybecauseyou’vefoundsomethingyouwantbutyoudon’thave.Soinsteadofstewing(擔(dān)憂)inthesejealousfeelings,makeanefforttogooutandgetwhateveryouwant.FocusonyourpositivequalitiesSometimesjealousyisrootedinfeelingsofinsecurityandalackofself-confidence.___19___.Whenyoustartfeelingthosetell-talesignsofjealousy,remindyourselfofallthethingsthatmakeyouamazing,suchasyourrelationships,yourjob,orhowmuchyou’vegrowninthepastfewyears.Allofthesehelptobeatyourfeelingsofjealousy.StopcomparingyourselftoothersConstantlycomparingyourselftootherscanfuelfeelingsofinsecurity.Itcanbetemptingtocompareyourselftoothersandwanttocompeteagainstthem.However,constantlysettingyourselfupagainstotherscanjustmakeyourjealousyandfeelingsofinsecurityworse.Stopdoingthat.___20___.A.FindtherootofyourjealousyB.EngageyourselfinmeaningfulactivitiesC.Focusonyourselfandhowyou’redoinginsteadD.TheyareabletohelpyouwithincreasingyourconfidenceE.However,it’simportanttofindyourownuniquestrengthsF.Forexample,lowself-confidenceisoftenacauseofjealousyG.Yourjealousymightbejustwhatyouneedtoseekwhatyouwant【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了克服妒忌的方法?！敬鸢浮?6.A17.F18.G19.E20.C16．【解析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Sometimestherearedeeperunderlying(潛在的)issuesthatfueljealousy.Onceyouadmitthatyou’restrugglingwithjealousy,it’stimetostartlookingintowhyyou’refeelingthatway.(有時(shí)會(huì)有更深層次的潛在問(wèn)題引發(fā)嫉妒。一旦你承認(rèn)你在與嫉妒作斗爭(zhēng)，是時(shí)候開(kāi)始看看你為什么會(huì)有這種感覺(jué)了)”可知本段主要講述要發(fā)掘嫉妒背后的原因，所以A選項(xiàng)“Findtherootofyourjealousy(找到你嫉妒的根源)”符合本段小標(biāo)題。故選A。17．【解析】空前“Sometimestherearedeeperunderlying(潛在的)issuesthatfueljealousy.Onceyouadmitthatyou’restrugglingwithjealousy,it’stimetostartlookingintowhyyou’refeelingthatway.(有時(shí)會(huì)有更深層次的潛在問(wèn)題引發(fā)嫉妒。一旦你承認(rèn)你在與嫉妒作斗爭(zhēng)，是時(shí)候開(kāi)始看看你為什么會(huì)有這種感覺(jué)了)”描述要發(fā)掘出嫉妒背后的原因，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Forexample,lowself-confidenceisoftenacauseofjealousy(例如，缺乏自信往往是嫉妒的原因)”舉例說(shuō)明具體的原因，承接前文，同時(shí)“cause”呼應(yīng)小標(biāo)題的“root”。故選F。18．【解析】空后“Whilepeopleoftenviewjealousyasabadthing,beingjealouscanactuallyprovideyouwithavaluablelearningopportunity.

(雖然人們通常認(rèn)為嫉妒是一件壞事，但嫉妒實(shí)際上可以為你提供一個(gè)寶貴的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì))”介紹了嫉妒心理可產(chǎn)生的積極影響，G選項(xiàng)“Yourjealousymightbejustwhatyouneedtoseekwhatyouwant(你的嫉妒可能正是你尋求你想要的東西所需要的)”描述嫉妒可能是自己所需要的東西，也是其積極方面，承接下文。故選G。19．【解析】空后“Whenyoustartfeelingthosetell-talesignsofjealousy,remindyourselfofallthethingsthatmakeyouamazing,suchasyourrelationships,yourjob,orhowmuchyou’vegrowninthepastfewyears.Allofthesehelptobeatyourfeelingsofjealousy.(當(dāng)你開(kāi)始感覺(jué)到嫉妒的跡象時(shí)，提醒自己所有讓你變得出色的事情，比如你的人際關(guān)系，你的工作，或者你在過(guò)去的幾年里成長(zhǎng)了多少。所有這些都有助于戰(zhàn)勝你的嫉妒心)”通過(guò)舉例的方式，介紹了通過(guò)提醒自己的種種優(yōu)點(diǎn)來(lái)去戰(zhàn)勝自己的嫉妒心。E選項(xiàng)“However,it’simportanttofindyourownuniquestrengths(然而，重要的是要找到自己獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì))”也在強(qiáng)調(diào)要找到自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)的“uniquestrengths”呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題“Focusonyourpositivequalities(關(guān)注自己積極的品質(zhì))”中的“positivequalities”。故選E。20．【解析】空前“However,constantlysettingyourselfupagainstotherscanjustmakeyourjealousyandfeelingsofinsecurityworse.Stopdoingthat.

(然而，不斷地把自己和別人對(duì)立起來(lái)只會(huì)讓你的嫉妒和不安全感更糟。別再這樣做了)”強(qiáng)調(diào)不要總和他人對(duì)比，C選項(xiàng)“Focusonyourselfandhowyou’redoinginstead(反而把注意力集中在你自己和你做得怎么樣)”和前文構(gòu)成對(duì)比，不要和他人對(duì)比，反而要更多地關(guān)注自己。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Romeroisan84-year-oldman.Heoweshis___21___tohispetdog,Palomo,whotook___22___tohimafterhegotlostinthedesertforaweek.OnNovember27,Romerolefthishomeforashorttrip,buthedidn’tcomeback___23___.Hisfamilywasn’t___24___atfirstasheusedtovisitnearbyvillagesintheareaandwouldbebackafewdayslater.However,afterfourdays,theman’sniece,Ramona,panickedand___25___ittothelocalauthorities.Thepolicewithtraineddogswerebroughtinto___26___Romero.Theysearchedtheareaaround,butaweekafterhis___27___,Romerowasnowheretobefound.That’swhentheoldman’sfaithfuldog,Palomo,wasbroughtinasthelast___28___.Accordingtoonememberofthesearchteam,thebrowndog___29___themthroughhillsandvalleysandfinallytotheplaceinthedesertwhereRomerohadbeen____30____.HisniecetoldtheauthoritiesthatRomerosometimeshadpoormemoryandthat____31____hisgettinglostonhistrip.The____32____weakmanwasrushedtothehospitalwherehespenttwodaysgettingbackonhisfeet.Oneofficerpostedonlinethat“Palomo____33____bythehospitaldoordayandnightwaitingforthe____34____ofitsbelovedRomero.TheunconditionalloveofhispetallowedRomerotobe____35____withhisfamily”.AphotoofPalomostayingbyRomero’ssideafterhecarnebackhomewasalongwiththesewords.21.A.promotion B.poverty C.survival D.identity22.A.rescuers B.strangers C.fighters D.hunters23.A.byturn B.attimes C.inadvance D.asusual24.A.inspired B.concerned C.satisfied D.confused25.A.reported B.exposed C.transported D.introduced26.A.employ B.assess C.convince D.seek27.A.disappearance B.competition C.graduation D.consumption28.A.conclusion B.suggestion C.attempt D.defence29.A.spotted B.dragged C.pointed D.guided30.A.defeated B.trapped C.cheated D.permitted31.A.accountedfor B.madeout C.caredabout D.resultedfrom32.A.strangely B.equally C.suddenly D.obviously33.A.hesitated B.remained C.shouted D.whispered34.A.responsibility B.cooperation C.recovery D.arrival35.A.compared B.associated C.reunited D.pleased【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一只名為Palomo的寵物狗帶著救援人員在沙漠中救了主人Romero的故事。【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C21．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把自己的幸存歸功于他的寵物狗帕洛莫，在他在沙漠中迷路一周后，帕洛莫帶著救援人員找到了他。A.promotion促進(jìn)，提升；B.poverty貧窮；C.survival幸存；D.identity身份，認(rèn)同。根據(jù)“afterhegotlostinthedesertforaweek”和“AphotoofPalomostayingbyRomero’ssideafterhecarnebackhomewasalongwiththesewords.”可知，Romero在沙漠中迷路一周后存活下來(lái)。故選C。22．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.rescuers救援者；B.strangers陌生人；C.fighters斗爭(zhēng)者；D.hunters獵人。根據(jù)下文“Accordingtoonememberofthesearchteam,”可知，此處指救援人員。故選A。23．【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：11月27日，羅梅羅離開(kāi)家去短途旅行，但他沒(méi)有像往常一樣回來(lái)。A.byturn輪流地；B.attimes有時(shí)候；C.inadvance提前；D.asusual像往常一樣。根據(jù)“Romerolefthishomeforashorttrip,but”可知，他沒(méi)有像往常一樣回來(lái)。故選D。24．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的家人一開(kāi)始并不擔(dān)心，因?yàn)樗?jīng)常去附近的村莊，過(guò)幾天就會(huì)回來(lái)。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.concerned擔(dān)心的；C.satisfied感到滿意的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)“asheusedtovisitnearbyvillagesintheareaandwouldbebackafewdayslater.”可知，因?yàn)橹浪牧?xí)慣，所以他的家人一開(kāi)始并不擔(dān)心。故選B。25．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，四天后，這名男子的侄女拉蒙娜驚慌失措，向當(dāng)?shù)卣畧?bào)告了此事。A.reported報(bào)告；B.exposed暴露，揭露；C.transported運(yùn)輸；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)“However,afterfourdays,theman’sniece,Ramona,panicked”可知，四天還沒(méi)回來(lái)，家人報(bào)警了。故選A。26．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著訓(xùn)練有素的警犬的警察被派來(lái)尋找羅梅羅。A.employ雇傭；B.assess評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)定；C.convince使相信；D.seek尋求。根據(jù)下文“Theysearchedtheareaaround”可知，警察帶著警犬尋找Romero。故選D。27．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們搜索了周?chē)貐^(qū)，但在他失蹤一周后，羅梅羅無(wú)處可尋。A.disappearance消失；B.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽；C.graduation畢業(yè)；D.consumption消費(fèi)。根據(jù)“afterhegotlostinthedesertforaweek.”可知，Romero消失了一周。故選A。28．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，老人忠實(shí)的狗帕洛莫被帶了進(jìn)來(lái)，作為最后的嘗試。A.conclusion總結(jié)，結(jié)束；B.suggestion建議；C.attempt嘗試；D.defence防御。根據(jù)“Theysearchedtheareaaround,butaweekafterhis______,Romerowasnowheretobefound.”可知，尋找了一段時(shí)間沒(méi)有找到Romero，準(zhǔn)備讓他的寵物狗作最后的嘗試。故選C。29．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)搜救隊(duì)的一名成員說(shuō)，這只棕色的狗帶著他們穿過(guò)山丘和山谷，最終到達(dá)了羅梅羅被困的沙漠地方。A.spotted看見(jiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.dragged拖；C.pointed指向；D.guided引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)“hispetdog,Palomo,whotook______tohimafterhegotlostinthedesertforaweek.”可知，狗帶著救援人員尋找Romero。故選D。30．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.defeated打??；B.trapped困住，使陷入困境；C.cheated欺騙；D.permitted允許。根據(jù)“finallytotheplaceinthedesertwhereRomero”可知，最終到達(dá)了Romero被困的地方。故選B。31．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他的侄女告訴當(dāng)局，羅梅羅有時(shí)記憶力不好，這就是他在旅行中迷路的原因。A.accountedfor解釋，說(shuō)明……的原因；B.madeout理解，辨認(rèn)出；C.caredabout關(guān)心；D.resultedfrom由于。根據(jù)“thatRomerosometimeshadpoormemory”可知，他的侄女向當(dāng)局解釋Romero迷路的原因。故選A。32．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)明顯虛弱的人被緊急送往醫(yī)院，在那里他花了兩天時(shí)間才站起來(lái)。A.strangely奇怪地；B.equally平等地；C.suddenly突然；D.obviously明顯地。根據(jù)“thehospitalwherehespenttwodaysgettingbackonhisfeet.”可知，很明顯Romero很虛弱。故選D。33．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一名官員在網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖稱:“帕洛莫日夜守在醫(yī)院門(mén)口，等待它心愛(ài)的羅梅羅的康復(fù)?！盇.hesitated猶豫；B.remained剩余，停留；C.shouted喊叫；D.whispered低聲說(shuō)。根據(jù)“bythehospitaldoorday”可知，帕洛莫停留在醫(yī)院門(mén)口。故選B。34．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.cooperation合作；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.arrival到達(dá)。根據(jù)“Palomo_____bythehospitaldoordayandnightwaitingfor”可知，Palomo守在醫(yī)院等待主人恢復(fù)健康。故選C。35．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)寵物無(wú)條件的愛(ài)讓羅梅羅得以與家人團(tuán)聚。A.compared比較；B.associated聯(lián)系；C.reunited重聚；D.pleased使高興。根據(jù)“Heoweshis______tohispetdog,Palomo,whotook