新概念第二冊第39課課件

Lesson39AmIAllRight?1warmingupTellmeaboutyourself.1.Haveyoueverfeltsickandbeentohospital?2.Whenwasthelasttimeyouwenttohospital?3.Whatwasyourfeelingthefirsttimeyouseethedoctor?4.Doyouhaveyourfavouritedoctor?23Nowadays,weconnotlivewithouthospital.Itisthedoctorsthatsavethepatients'life.Butsometimeswemayhavediffcultiesincommunicatingwiththem.Theyhavetheirsocalledsecrets.Nowlistentothestoryandanswerthefollowingquestion:WhydidMr.GilberttelephoneDr.Millington?4Letusdiscuss~

Dodoctorshavegoodreasonsnotalwaystoinformtheirpatientsabouttheirconditions?Oneappropriateanswer:doctorsdonotwanttheirpatientstoworrytoomuchHeaskedtoomanyquestionsandwasapaininaneck(惹麻煩的人)Lookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.5

Touchthepartsofyourbody.GAMETIME6headhandarmfingerkneefootneckshoulderstomachwrist手腕waist腰toe腳趾elbow肘legback7What’sthematter?(withyou)?(withyourbody?)What’swrongwithyou?Areyouallright?Doyoufeelwell?Areyoufeelingwell?Isthereanythingwrong?Howdoyoufeel?somethingOKwith…?What’sthetrouble?89What’sthematter?acold.afever.asoreback.asorethroat.Ihave10What’sthematter?headachestomachachetoothache11haveacoldhaveafeverhavea

headache

toothache

stomachachehavea

sore

backhaveasoreneckhavea

sore

throat--What’sthematterwithyou?--Ihaveacold.12dialogueB:Ihaveasorethroat.A:What’sthematter?D:Ihaveatoothache.C:Ihaveaheadache.F:Ihavearunningnose.E:Ihaveastomachache.

A:Youshoulddrinkhotteawithhoney..A:YoushouldgotobedandhavearestA:Youshouldgotoseeadentist.A:Youshouldliedownandrest.A:Youshoulddrinklotsofwaterandhavesomemedicine.cold.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.13HeishavinganX-rayexam.What’stheboydoing?Why?When?Howoften?HetakesanX-raywhenheisill.Whenhedoesn’tfeelwell.Heisbadlyill.Hehaspainsinhischest.Whatapity!141516operationn.1.[外科]手術(shù)2.操作，作業(yè)3.經(jīng)營，管理；營業(yè)；企業(yè)phrases:inoperation生效；運轉(zhuǎn)著normaloperation正常運行，常規(guī)操作operationprinciple經(jīng)營理念safeoperation安全操作1718successfuln.成功的，一帆風(fēng)順的Phrases:successfulin在…成功的others:successn.成功succeedv.成功successionn.連續(xù)；繼位；繼承權(quán)successorn.繼承者Nordoeshehaveanobvioussuccessorasleader.目前也沒有明顯的繼任者可以接替他的職務(wù)。19followingadj.下面的；其次的，接著的n.下列事物；一批追隨者v.跟隨；沿行（follow的ing形式）prep.在…之后，接著phrases:inthefollowing在下面；在下文中immediatelyfollowing緊跟著followingsystem跟蹤系統(tǒng)followinginorder循序20patientadj.1.忍耐的；容忍的2.堅忍的；耐心的3.沉著的；不急躁的4.耐心等待的；顯出有耐心的5.勤快的；孜孜不倦的n.1.病人；患者2.受動著；承受者Whatisbestgiftadoctorcangivetohispatient?一個醫(yī)生能給他病人的最好禮物是什么？21phrases:patientof能忍受patientwith對……有耐心patientcare病患照顧patientsafety病人安全mentalpatient精神病人Asanurse,yououghttobeverypatientwithyourpatients.作為一名護士，你應(yīng)該對病人十分耐心。22aloneadj.1.孤零的，孤單的2.單獨的；孤獨的adv.1.孤零地，孤單地，孤獨地2.單獨地3.獨自地；孤立無援地4.只，只有；僅僅Phrases:letalone更不必說；聽任；不打擾standalone孤立；獨一無二alonewith與…一起Leavemealone.我煩著呢,別理我23exchange1.把…換成；用…交換；兌換(for)

I'dliketoexchangethisdressforoneinasmallersize2.換回，換來，換取3.交換，互換，輪換(with)：24phrases:inquireinto調(diào)查，探究inquireabout詢問，查問；打聽inquireof詢問；打聽inquirefor求見；要找inquireafter問候；詢問起inquire①vt.&vi.打聽，詢問inquiresth.ofsb.從某人那打聽insquireaboutsth.打聽某事②vi.調(diào)查，查問Hedidn’ttellthetruthwhenthepoliceinquiredintotheaccident.③vi.求見（某人），要找（某人）Sheinquiredforthemanager.25I'dliketoinquireaboutthejobforsalesmanager.我想詢問一下銷售經(jīng)理這個職位的情況。It'sthesecretary'sjobtoinquireabouttheflightsforthemanager.為經(jīng)理查詢有關(guān)航班的情況是秘書的職責(zé)。26certainadj.1.確鑿的，毫無疑問的2.確定的；固定的3.必定的，必然的4.可靠的，可信賴的pron.某些；某幾個Phrases:acertainextent一定程度上acertaindegree到某種程度forcertain肯定地；確鑿地certainlevel某一水平27certain某一個acertain+n.（單數(shù)）

acertainpatient=somepatient某個病人某兩個twocertain+n.(復(fù)數(shù))two

certainpatientssome+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時表示某個forsomereason由于某個理由forcertain肯定地；確鑿地28291.Some（connectedwithouta/an)eg：

Somepersoncalledonyouwhenyouwereout.(你出去時有個人來拜訪你)。2.Certain（connectedwitha/an)eg：Acertainpersontelephonedyouwhileyouwereout.(你出去時有個人給你打過電話)。3單數(shù)普通名詞some=acertain專有名詞前通常用acertain,不用some.someandcertain301.他這么做一定有某種理由Theremustbesome/acertainreasonforwhathe’sdone.2.由于某些原因我不能參加此次會議Forcertainsome/acertainI’llbeunabletoattendthemeeting.3.他過去在廣州某個地方工作Heusedtoworkatsome/acertainplaceinGuangzhou.4.some與or/orother連用，表示未知的對象她在某個報紙上獲過獎Shewonacompetitioninsomenewspaperorother.5.有個叫史密斯的人正在門口正等著你AcertainSmithiswaitingatthegate.exerciserelativeadj.1.相互有關(guān)的；休戚與共的2.與…有關(guān)的；相關(guān)的3.比較而言的4.相對的Evenitssuccessesareonlyrelative.即使成功也只是相對的。Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.這是我送給家鄉(xiāng)一位親戚的禮物。31relativen.親戚Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.adj.與…有關(guān)的；相關(guān)的Happylifeisn'tralativetomoney.32WhileJohnGilbertwasinhospital,heaskedhisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctorrefusedtodoso.Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Whenhewasalone,hetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredthephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.HeaskedifMr.John’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.ThenDr.Millingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthepatient.‘No,’thepatientanswered,‘IamMr.JohnGilbert.’3334353637383940

Havemyoperationbeen

__________________?

successful

成功Heaskedthedoctortotellhimsuccesssuccessfully

succeed

whether

hisoperationhadbeen

successful

beinhospitalopetatepatientJohnGilbert41Thedoctorrefusetodoso.

Iamsorry.Ican’ttellyouaboutthat.1.refusetodosth.2.refuse反義詞accept42Heaskedforabedsidetelephone.abedsidetelephoneaskforThefollowingdaybealonelonely獨自的孤獨的；偏僻的alonelyislandHehasnofriends,sohefeellonely.43442023/11/2845telephonecallsbcallsbupasksbtodosth.MayIspeaktodoctorMillington?askforThehospitalexchangeasksbtonotdosth.46I’minquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.John.inquire詢問；打聽Whatdidhesay?he

_______inquiringaboutacertainpatient.Hesaidwas‘HasMrGilbet’soperationbeensuccessful?’Whatdidheask?Heasked_________Mr.Gilbet’soperation______successful.if/whetherhadbeen47Whatdidthedoctortellhim？‘Yes,Ithasbeensucceessful’ithadbeensuccessful.Hetoldhim___________________Whenwillheallowedtogohome?Whatdidheask?Heasked_____whenhe_____beallowedtogohomewould48Hewillhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.Thedoctortoldhim______he_____________stayinhospitalforanothertwodays.Whatdidthedoctortellhim?Areyouarelativeofthepatient?WhatdidtheDr.Millingtonask?Heasked___he____arelativeofthepatient.thatwouldhavetowasifNo.IamMr.JohnGilbert.Whatdidthepatientsayatlast?49Fillintheblanks

JohnGilbertwasinhospital.Hehadjusthadano________andhewantedthedoctortotellhimwhethertheoperationhadbeensuccessful.Thedoctor,however,r______totellhimanything.Thef______day,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Oneday,whenhewasa______,hecalledthehospitale________andaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredhisphone,johnsaidthathewasi__________aboutacertainpatientnamedJohnGilbert.perationefusedollowinglonexchange

nquiring50HeaskedthedoctorifMr.Gilbert’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctoransweredyes.HercontinuedtoaskifMr.Gilbertwouldbea_______togohomeandthedoctorsaidthathewouldhavetos_______inhospitalfora_______twoweeks.Thenjohntoldthedoctorthati________ofbeingar_______ofhis,hewasMr.Gilberthimself.llowedtaynothernsteadelative51直接引語變間接引語525354555657585960611、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)變

1）直接引語中的第一人稱一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱如：Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉(zhuǎn)述人說的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.623）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.4）人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”63——>HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.總之，人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對待，要符合邏輯。

2、時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換直接引語改為間接引語時，主句中的謂語動詞如果是過去時，從句（即間接引語部分）的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化，變成過去時范疇的各種時態(tài)（實際也是賓語從句的時態(tài)要求），變化如下：

64

直接引語間接引語

一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時

653、直接引語變成間接引語時，從句時態(tài)無須改變的情況1）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時的時候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.2）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）當(dāng)直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時66如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein1994.

4）當(dāng)直接引語中有以when,while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過去的時間時，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.5）當(dāng)直接引語是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時，67如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

6）當(dāng)引語是諺語、格言時，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）當(dāng)直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時

68如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此處用hadto代替must更好8）此外轉(zhuǎn)述中的變化要因?qū)嶋H情況而定，不能機械照搬，如果當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必改為there,動詞come不必改為go，如果當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述yesterday,tomorrow,thisafternoon等均不必改變。4、時間狀語、地點狀語及某些對比性的指示代詞和動詞變化

691）時間狀語：直接引語（間接引語）

now（then）；

today(thatday）；

tomorrow（thenext/followingday）

nextweek（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代詞：these變成those

703）地點狀語：here變成there

Shesaid,“Iwon'tcomehereanymore.”——>Shesaidthatshewouldn’tgothereanymore.

4）動詞：come變成go，bring變成take5、直接引語變間接引語，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來代替，注意，可以說saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說toldthat,

71如：Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”——>HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”——>HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.（不可說toldthat）2）直接引語為一般疑問句，（也稱是否疑問句，）間接引語用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked（me/him/us等），語序是陳述句的語序，這一點非常重要。72如：

Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”——>Heasked（me）whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.

3）直接引語為選擇疑問句，間接引語用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.734）直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask（sb.）來表達，語序改為陳述句語序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.

5）直接引語為祈使句時，改為間接引語，用帶to的不定式表達，謂語動詞常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo，（由肯定祈使句變成）asksb.nottodo（由否定祈使句轉(zhuǎn)變），并且在不定式短語中的時間狀語、地點74狀語、人稱及時態(tài)都作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”——>Heaskedustobeseated.6）有些含有“建議”——>、“勸告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等動詞轉(zhuǎn)述，如：Hesaid,“Let'shavearest.”——>Hesuggestedourhavingarest7）當(dāng)直接引語形式上是疑問句，有表示請求，建議意義時，可用asksb.todosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式轉(zhuǎn)述。75如：“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.——>Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.

8）直接引語是感嘆句時，變間接引語可用what或how引導(dǎo)，也可用that引導(dǎo)，如：Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”——>Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.

或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.76Keystructures:hewasverytired.Hesaid_______________________Sheasked______________________1.‘Iamverytired,’hesaid.

2.‘Areyouhungry?’Sheaskedwhyshehadn’twrittentohim.if3.‘WillJackarrivetomorrow?’Tomasked.werehungryyouHarryaskedthegirl_______________________5.‘Whydidn’tyouwritetome?’Harryaskedthegirl.ifshehadeverbeenabroad.Kobeasked____________________________4.‘Haveyoueverbeenabroad?’KobeaskedMaryif/whetherJackwouldarrivetomorrow.Tomasked______________________77EXCERSICE1、Sheaskedme_____mymotherlikedtheblueone.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where2、Hesaidthathe______agoodjourney.A.hasB.