2022年高考真題北京卷英語試卷

2022年高考真題北京卷英語試卷-學生用卷

一、知識運用共兩節(jié)，30分。

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最

佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

1、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第1~10題15分

OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying"freeplay",Isteppedtothedoorwayofthe

classroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I1amovementoftheheavywooden

door.ThiswastheverydoorI2guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheir

safetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill（寒意）gothroughmybody.

Mylegscarriedmetothatdoor,andIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthought

was3thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateand

was4toopenthedoor.

Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!Withoutaword,Irushedhimtothehospital.He

wastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.He'dneedtimeto5,andwouldn'tcome

forclassthenextday,Ithought.

Thenextmorning,oneofthefirstto6wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Not

onlydidheruninwithenergy,buthis7couldbeheardasloudasever!Igave

himawarmhugandtoldhimhow8Iwastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayed

withmealltheseyears,"Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.”

ThatcoldMondaymorning,hewaitedalong,longwhileforadultsto9.

Toachild,everyminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidn'tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.

Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmeapowerfullessonin10.

A.causedB.spottedC.checkedD.imagined

A.hesitantlyB.randomlyC.dizzilyD.carefully

A.angryB.absentC.specialD.noisy

A.courageousB.contentC.unableD.unwilling

A.recoverB.playC.changeD.wait

A.settleB.gatherC.arriveD.react

A.sneezeB.weepC.complaintD.laughter

A.luckyB.happyC.curiousD.nervous

A.showupB.pullupC.holdupD.lineup

A.gratitudeB.forgivenessC.faithD.kindness

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

2、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第11~13題4.5分

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞

的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Helenwaswalkingdownthestreetlate1theevening,herarmsfilled

withgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn'tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.As

Helenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthavean

intention2(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.

Eventually,theman3(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingto

returnherwallet!

3、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第14?16題4.5分

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞

的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Whydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothers?Onetheory,

increasingly1(support)byexperts,suggeststhatsmellpreferencesare

learned.It*seasytoexplainhowwedetermine2smellsaredangerousornot:

welearn.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gas

naturally3(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedso

thatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.

4、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第17~20題6分

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞

的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Sincepeoplecan'talwayseatoutorcookfor1(they),theygettakeoutor

orderdelivery.Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste,especiallyplasticwaste.That

includescups,bottles,andbags,mostof2areonlygoodforoneuse.That'sa

bigproblemanditisgettingeven3(bad).Theuseofthose

plastics4(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon'tsurviveifthis

situationcontinues.

二、閱讀理解第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在

答題卡上將該項涂黑。

5、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第21~23題6分

Peer(同伴)AssistedStudySessions(PASS)isapeer-facilitatedlearningprogrammeavailableto

studentsenrolled(注冊)inmostcoreunitsofstudyinourbusinessschool.

PASSinvolvesweeklysessionswhereyouworkingroupstotacklespeciallypreparedproblemsets,

basedaroundaunitofstudyyou'reenrolledin.

PASSdoesn'tre-teachordelivernewcontent.It*sanopportunitytodeepenyourunderstandingofthe

keypointsfromlecturematerialswhileyouareapplyingyourskillstosolveproblems.

Youworkinteractivelywithyourpeers.Asapeergroup,youdecidewhatiscoveredineachsession.

Thatway,PASSdirectlyrespondstoyourneedsandfeedback.

RegistrationinTerm2willopenat9am,21September2022.

Waitinglists

Ifasessionisfull,youcanregisterforthewaitinglist.Wewillemailyouifaplacebecomes

availableorifanewsessionistobeheld.

Whenyouareplacedonawaitinglist,wewillemailyouanumberwhichtellsyouwhereyouareon

thelist.Ifyouareclosetothefrontofthelist,youhaveagoodchanceofgainingaplaceintheprogramme

inthenearfuture.

Deregistering

IfyoumisstwoPASSsessionsinarow,youwillbederegisteredandyourplacewillbegivento

someoneonthewaitinglist.Makesureyoufillintheattendancesheetateachsessiontorecordyour

attendance.

You'llbeinformedbyemailifyouarebeingderegisteredasaresultofmissingsessions.Ifyou

believeyouhavereceivedtheemailinerror,emailthePASSofficeatpassoffice@umbs.edu.

(1)InPASS,students.

A.attendnewlectures.

B.decidetheirownschedules.

C.prepareproblemsetsingroups.

D.usetheirskillstosolveproblems.

(2)Whatcanstudentsdoifasessionisfull?

A.Fillintheattendancesheet.

B.Signupforthewaitinglist.

C.Reporttheirneedsandfeedback.

D.Emailtheofficetheirnumbersonthelist.

(3)Studentswillbederegisteredif

A.theysendemailsinerror.

B.theyfailtoworkinteractively.

C.theygivetheirplacestoothers.

D.theymisstwosessionsinarow.

6、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第24?27題8分(每題2分)

MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilityto

doanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringat

thiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:Iwantedtobeperfectat

whateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.

Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.His

presentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferencein

theworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuild

upmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim——anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirst

contactwaswheremystorybegan.

Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,I

nowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,

butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,

applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmy

highschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobal

teamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.

IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI'verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle

(障礙)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrase

thathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:IcantTheysaygoodthingscometothose

whowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoes

notrequireourpatience,butouraction.

(1)WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice'sanxiety?

A.Herinabilitytoactherage.

B.Herhabitofconsumption.

C.Herdesiretobeperfect.

D.Herlackofinspiration.

(2)HowdidGrantBrown'spresentationinfluenceAlice?

A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature.

B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.

C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire.

D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.

(3)TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore

A.intelligent

B.confident

C.innovative

D.critical

(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.

C.Actionisworry'sworstenemy.

D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.

7、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第28?30題6分

"Whatwouldtheworldbeiftherewerenohunger?"It'saquestionthatProfessorCrystalwouldask

herstudents.Theyfoundithardtoanswer,shewrotelater,becauseimaginingsomethingthatisn'tpartof

reallife一andlearninghowtomakeitreal一isarareskill.Itistaughttoartistsandengineers,butmuch

lessoftentoscientists.Crystalsetouttochangethat,andhelpedtocreateaglobalmovement.Theresult-

anapproachknownassystemsthinking一isnowseenasessentialinmeetingglobalchallenges.

Systemsthinkingiscrucialtoachievingtargetssuchaszerohungerandbetternutritionbecauseit

requiresconsideringthewayinwhichfoodisproduced,processed,deliveredandconsumed,andlooking

athowthosethingsintersect（交叉）withhumanhealth,theenvironment,economicsandsociety.

Accordingtosystemsthinking,changingthefoodsystem—oranyothernetwork—requiresthreethingsto

happen.First,researchersneedtoidentifyalltheplayersinthatsystem;second,theymustworkouthow

theyrelatetoeachother;andthird,theyneedtounderstandandquantifytheimpactofthoserelationships

oneachotherandonthoseoutsidethesystem.

Takenutrition.InthelatestUNreportonglobalfoodsecurity,thenumberofundernourished（營養(yǎng)

不良）peopleintheworldhasbeenrising,despitegreatadvancesinnutritionscience.Trackingof150

biochemicalsinfoodhasbeenimportantinrevealingtherelationshipsbetweencalories,sugar,fatandthe

occurrenceofcommondiseases.Butusingmachinelearningandartificialintelligence,somescientists

proposethathumandietsconsistofatleast26,000biochemicals一andthatthevastmajorityarenot

known.Thisshowsthatwehavesomewaytotravelbeforeachievingthefirstobjectiveofsystemst

hinking-which,inthisexample,istoidentifymoreconstituentpartsofthenutritionsystem.

Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltontheassumptionthateveryoneinthesystemhas

equalpower.Butassomeresearchersfind,thefoodsystemisnotanequalone.Agoodwaytoredress

（修正）suchpowerimbalanceisformoreuniversitiestodowhatCrystaldidandteachstudentshowto

thinkusingasystemsapproach.

Moreresearchers,policymakersandrepresentativesfromthefoodindustrymustlearntolookbeyond

theirdirectlinesofresponsibilityandadoptasystemsapproach.Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedon't

produceresults,butconcludedthat"wellneverproduceresultsthatwecan'tenvision'1.

（1）TheauthorusesthequestionunderlinedinParagraph1to.

A.illustrateanargument

B.highlightanopinion

C.introducethetopic

D.predicttheending

(2)Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefieldofnutrition?

A.Thefirstobjectiveofsystemsthinkinghasn，tbeenachieved.

B.Therelationshipsamongplayershavebeenclarified.

C.Machinelearningcansolvethenutritionproblem.

D.Theimpactofnutritioncannotbequantified.

(3)Asforsystemsthinking,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Itmaybeusedtojustifypowerimbalance.

B.Itcanbeappliedtotacklechallenges.

C.Ithelpstoprovewhyhungerexists.

D.Itgoesbeyondhumanimagination.

8、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第31~34題8分

Quantum(量子)computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeensendingme

articlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.

I'vealsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnson

whoIseeassomeonewhohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.

Fordecades,quantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Now,bigtech

companieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputing,ashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusiness

Weekly,quantummachinescouldhelpus"curecancer,andeventakestepstoturnclimatechangeinthe

oppositedirection.*'Thisisthesortofhype(炒作)thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchers

aremakingpromisestheycan'tkeep."What'snew,"Johnsonwrote,"isthatmillionsofdollarsarenow

potentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers."

Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,

journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork'spotential.Ifresearcherscan'tkeep

theirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsof

othertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.Butsomethingaboutquantumcomputing

makesitespeciallypronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecausen,quantum,standsforsomething

coolyoushouldn'tbeabletounderstand."AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,whosuggestedthatIreadhis

bookQforQuantum.

AfterIreadthebook,Taylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.Healsoansweredmy

questionsaboutPyQuantum,thefirmheco-foundedin2016.TaylorsharesJohnson'sconcernsabouthype,

buthesaysthoseconcernsdonotapplytoPyQuantum.

Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin(幅度)"tobuildinga

"useful"quantumcomputer,onethat"solvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenableto

solveotherwise."Headds,''Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalotoftime

quantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers."

CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition,'byawidemarginH,asTaylorclaims?Idon't

know.Emcertainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.ButI

trustTaylor,justasItrustJohnson.

(1)RegardingJohnson'sconcerns,theauthorfeels.

A.sympathetic

B.unconcerned

C.doubtful

D.excited

(2)WhatleadstoTaylofsoptimismaboutquantumcomputing?

A.Hisdominanceinphysics.

B.Thecompetitioninthefield.

C.HisconfidenceinPyQuantum.

D.Theinvestmentoftechcompanies.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prone"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Open.

B.Cool.

C.Useful.

D.Resistant.

(4)Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.IsJohnsonMoreCompetentThanTaylor?

B.IsQuantumComputingRedefiningTechnology?

C.WillQuantumComputersEverComeintoBeing?

D.WillQuantumComputingEverLiveUptoItsHype?

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答

題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

9、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第35~39題10分

Healthandfitnesshelpapersonliveagoodandhealthylife.Oftenduetovariouspressures,wetend

toignoreourhealth.1Itisthefitnesslevelofourbodythathelpsusfight

thesediseases.

2Weneedtobefittohaveahealthybody.Similarly,ifwearehealthywe

shallnaturallybeattractedtowardsmaintainingthefitnessofourbody.Healthisthestateofourbodyata

giventime.Wemaynothaveanydiseasebutstillhaveaweakbody,whichisreadytobetargetedby

viruses.3Thisdoesnotdefinitelymeanthatwearenothealthy.Itmeansthe

fitnesslevelisnotinaccordancewithourageandtheclimaticconditionswelivein.

Itisimportantforeveryonetodevotesometimetohealthand

fitness.4Forinstance,wemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageand

workingstyle.Therearedifferentlevelsofexercisesfordifferentagegroupsandwemustdothem

accordingtoourownhealthandage.

Additionally,itisimportanttorelaxourbody.Weshouldhaveatleastsixtoeighthoursofsleep

eveiyday.Ithelpsinimprovingourimmune（免疫）systemandprotectsusagainst

diseases.5This,inturn,givesusnewgoalsofhealthandfitness.

A.Fitnesslevelsdecidethequalityoflife.

B.Healthandfitnessareinterrelatedtoeachother.

C.Italsohelpsinkeepinguscalmandrelaxesourmind.

D.Forinstance,wemayhaveatendencytocatchacoldeasily.

E.Ifwekeepourbodyfit,wecanenjoylifeinabettermanner.

F.Therearesomeactivitieswhicheveryoneshoulddoinourlife.

G.Thismakesourbodysufferandwewillcatchotherdiseases.

三、書面表達共兩節(jié)，32分。

第一節(jié)(共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12

分)

10、【來源】2022年高考真題北京卷第40-43題12分(2分,2分,3分,5分)

2022年高考真題北京卷

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。

Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur(倉U業(yè)者)，witnessedathisownschoolthe

widespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.Heknewtherehadtobeabetterportabledrinksolution

anddecidedtoinnovatefromsomethinghesawinhisownhome:fruitinfused(浸泡)water.

Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.From

observinghismumandfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptions,hecameupwithhisoriginal

modelfortheFunBottle.MIwantedtocomeupwithahealthy,naturalwayforpeopletodrinkwhenonthe

go.Abigpartofmymissionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugarydrinks,"Tomexplains.

Thebottleismadewithastrainer(濾網(wǎng))thatallowsthegreattastesandnaturalsugarsofthe

variousfruitsandvegetablesyouchoosetocomethroughthewater,withoutanyoftheseedsorskins

flowingthrough.

TomisproudofhisdesignandexcitedtobesellingtheFunBottleonhiswebsiteandinstores,but

this15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovide

healthyalternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOrganisationfora

HealthierGeneration(OHG).

Tomhasbeenawardedseveralprizes,butthisteenageinnovatorremainshumble.Whenaskedwhat

advicehe'dgiveotherentrepreneurialyouth,hesays,"Prepareandhaveyourfamily'ssupport.Itis

importanttoknowfromthebeginningthattherearealotofhighsandlows,andthereisnosuchthingas

overnightsuccess.n

(1)WhatdidTomwitnessathisownschool?

(2)WheredidTomgettheideafortheoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle?

(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatemen