內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)烏蘭察布市集寧區(qū)第二中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題

內(nèi)蒙古烏蘭察布市集寧區(qū)第二中學(xué)20222023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷第I卷(選擇題)一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題，共分)AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworldfamouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.fortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.1.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.2.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwellknownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.3.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras.C.Meals. D.Safetylights.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇廣告應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在Washington,D.C.騎自行車旅行的四條路線的相關(guān)行程及注意事項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability可知，這個騎行項目需要提前預(yù)約。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.可知，在這個活動中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour中的Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知，所有騎行者都要裝備反光背心和安全手電筒。故選D?！军c睛】本篇文章最容易出錯的題是21題，究其原因是不熟悉詞匯reserve的詞義：預(yù)約。inadvance意為“提前“。因此，高考前熟悉詞匯和短語是重中之重的事情。Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear在有效期和櫻花消失前預(yù)約。BWhereverwego,wearesurroundedbyhistory.Acrosstheglobe,culturalheritageispasseddownthroughthegenerations.Itisinthebuildingsandstructuresaroundus.Itisintheartsandartifacts(手工藝品)wetreasure.Itlivesinthelanguageswespeakandthestorieswetell.Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyarethedamagesoftimethreateningourculturalheritage,butconflicts,climatechange,globalizationandtourismareallexactingaheavyprice.Technologyisnowthemostessentialweaponinthebattle.Here'showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.Asyoucanimagine,creatingthereplicas(復(fù)制品)viacrowdsourced2Dimagesisextremelytimeconsuming.Increasingly,artificialintelligence(AI)algorithms(算法)arebeingusedtodoalltherequiredsourcing,allowingmillionsofimagestobestoredinamatterofhours.AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationofexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.Virtualreality(VR)technologywillplayaleadingroleinpreservingourculturalheritageintheingyears.Manyofthemostimportantsitesandarchitectureareextremelyfragile.Humaninteractionwiththeselocationsisdoingagreatdealofharm.Wastesaccumulateeverywhere,causingenormousproblems.Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybeethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We'llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookat(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation,datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacting”inparagraph1mean?A.Paying. B.Cutting. C.Receiving. D.Demanding.5.WhatistheadvantageofAlinpreservingculturalheritage?A.Itgenerates2Dimages. B.Itmakesrestorationeasier.C.Itmakespreservationsafer. D.Itcreatesreplicasinseconds.6HowdoesVRhelptopreserveculturalheritage?A.Byrecyclinghugeamountsofwaste. B.Byreducinghumanimpactonthesite.C.Byforbiddingvisitorsfromtouchingartifacts. D.Byeducatingpeopleaboutthesites'importance.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowTechnologyChangesArt B.WhatCulturalHeritageMeanstoUsC.PreservetheAncientwiththeAdvanced D.PrepareforaRevolutioninTechnology【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹現(xiàn)代技術(shù)（AI和VR）怎樣應(yīng)用在文化遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)上?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第一段“Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyarethedamagesoftimethreateningourculturalheritage”(但今天，文化受到前所未有的攻擊。時間的破壞不僅威脅著我們的文化遺產(chǎn))可知，后文應(yīng)該講的是沖突、氣候變化、全球化和旅游業(yè)都在要求付出沉重的代價?？梢圆聹yexacting為“要求付出”。故選A項。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationofexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.”(人工智能還將使現(xiàn)有文化遺產(chǎn)的恢復(fù)和保護(hù)變得更加容易，并且大大優(yōu)于以前的方法。)可知，人工智能使現(xiàn)有文化遺產(chǎn)的恢復(fù)變得更容易。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybeethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We'llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookat(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.”(隨著越來越多的文化遺址和文物被數(shù)字地圖和記錄，虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)將越來越成為人們體驗它們的方式。我們最終都將能夠在不同的地方穿行，觀看（和觸摸?。┦止に嚻泛退囆g(shù)品卻不用真正看到它們。)可知，VR技術(shù)可以模擬出這些文化遺產(chǎn)讓我們感受而不用去現(xiàn)場，從而減少人類對文化遺址的影響以及破壞。故選B項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Here'showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.”(以下是科技如何保護(hù)我們的文化遺產(chǎn)。)以及文章最后一段“Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation,datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.”(最后，我們的文化遺產(chǎn)將通過技術(shù)得到保護(hù)。研究、創(chuàng)新、數(shù)據(jù)共享和項目工作的努力將有助于促進(jìn)和保護(hù)世界各國的文化遺產(chǎn)。)可知，本文主要介紹現(xiàn)代技術(shù)應(yīng)用在文化遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)上。而C項PreservetheAncientwiththeAdvanced(用先進(jìn)的技術(shù)保護(hù)古代)切合文意。故選C項。CMybestfriendtraveledtostaywithourfamilylastweekend.Whenshearrived,shewentstraighttothekitchenand,withoutasking,ateaspoonfulofraspberryjamandsomedriedfruit.Shewasn’tbeingrude.Iknewshewoulddothis.We’veknowneachotherforalmost20years.Shecaneatanythingshewantsfrommykitchen.Indeed,Iboughtherfavoritefruitsandsnacksattheshopthatmorning.Ourlongweekendtogetherwasluxuriously(愜意地)simple.Iwasrecoveringfromsurgery(手術(shù))andcouldn’tgotoshoppingmalls.Wepassedthetimerunningerrands(做雜事),goingtothepostofficeandcollectingdrycleaning.Wedrankwaytoomanycappuccinos.Butwetalkedabouteverylittledetailofourlives.There’sneverbeenaquietmomentinourfriendship.We’velivedindifferentcitiesforalmostadecade.Reunionsdemandconstantconversation.ourpersonalitiesarematched,tobesure,andasharedhistoryisindescribablyvaluable.Wewerepetitorsinhighschoolbeforebondingoverabadexperience.Thenwediscoveredthemanyintereststhatwehadinmon.Ourfriendshipcemented(鞏固)itselfquickly.Westayedpanionsthroughlawschool,throughourfirstjobsandourfirstboyfriends.Wesupportedeachotherthroughbreakupsandbreakthroughs.Oursisafriendshipfortheages.Thereissomethingspecialaboutfriendswhoknoweveryoneandeverythingaboutyou.Theyarerare.Thesearethepeopleyou’vechosentowitnessyourlife.Theyhaveseenthebrightlightsofachievement,thedepthsofdespair(絕望)andtheboringroutine(平淡乏味)oftheinbetween.It’sspecialtounpackfeelingsandfrustrationswithoutwastingtimefillingintheblanks.Asmylongweekendshows,withsuchfriendswedon’thaveto“do”,wesimplyhaveto“be”.Wedroptheact,theperformance,thepublicversionofourselves.Thespecialfriendshipsarethosewhichneverfailtodelight,thecontinuationofwhichisworththeextraeffort,despitedistanceanddifferencesneaking(溜進(jìn))intoyourseparatelives.Ihadtheverygreatjoyofthisreminderlastweekend.I’mluckytohavefoundthisfriend,toseeafuturewhereherpanionshipremains.Beingtogetherisperfection.8Whathappenedduringherbestfriend’svisit?A.Theyenjoyedaneventfullongweekend. B.Theybondedbyhavinglongconversations.C.Theymadetheirfavoritesnacksandcoffee. D.Theytalkedaboutrecentnewsevents.9.Onethingthattheauthorappreciatesabouttheirfriendshipisthat______.A.theyhelpeachotherdealwiththeboredomoflifeB.theyprefertowitnesseachother’slivesfromfarawayC.theytrytoshoweachothertheirbestselvesD.theyarefortablebeingthemselveswhentogether10.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Charmesfromdifferences. B.Politenessbringsbestfriendscloser.C.Goodfriendshipslastnaturally. D.Goodfriendshipsneeddevotion.11.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto______.A.describewhatherbestfriendislike B.tellaboutthefriendshipshetreasuresC.explorethekeyaspectsoffriendship D.expressthankstoherbestfriend【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過介紹自己和朋友相處的點點滴滴的故事，表示自己十分珍惜與朋友間的這段友誼，同時告訴讀者，維系良好的友誼需要奉獻(xiàn)。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章第二段“Ourlongweekendtogetherwasluxuriouslysimple.(我們在一起的長周末過得很愜意，很簡單)”以及“Butwetalked.Abouteverylittledetailofourlives.(但是我們進(jìn)行了交談。有關(guān)生活中的每一個細(xì)節(jié))”可推知，作者最好的朋友來訪期間，她們通過長談而變得更親密。故選B項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段“Asmylongweekendshows,withsuchfriendswedon’thaveto“do”,wesimplyhaveto“be”.Wedroptheact,theperformance,thepublicversionofourselves.(正如我的周末所表明的那樣，有這樣的朋友，我們不需要“做些什么”，我們只需要做我們自己。我們放棄裝模作樣，放棄表演，以及公眾場合的面具)”可推知，作者欣賞他們友誼的原因之一是她們在一起時很自在，不必虛情假意。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Thespecialfriendshipsarethosewhichneverfailtodelight,thecontinuationofwhichisworththeextraeffort,despitedistanceanddifferencesneakingintoyourseparatelives.(特殊的友誼是那些永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記快樂的友誼，盡管距離和差異會默默影響你們各自的生活，但這種友誼的延續(xù)值得付出額外的努力)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為良好的友誼需要奉獻(xiàn)。故選D項【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第三段“Reunionsdemandconstantconversation.(團(tuán)聚需要不斷的交談)”以及文章最后一段“thecontinuationofwhichisworththeextraeffort(這種友誼的延續(xù)值得付出額外的努力)”可推知，作者在講述自己和朋友之間的友誼的同時點明了建立、發(fā)展和保持友誼的重要因素，所以作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是探索維系友誼的重要因素。故選C項。DImagineyoursmartphone’sscreengetsbroken,oryourfavouritebootsgetaholeinthem.Whatdoyoudo?Youcouldbuyareplacement.Oryoucouldjointheworldwidetrendoftakingyourbrokenstufftoa“repaircafé”.TheBowerReuseandRepairCentrehasjustlaunchedAustralia’sfirstrepaircafé,inSydney’sinnerwest.Thecrowdfundedprojectwillholdweeklyrepairsessionsfocusingonbikes,furnitureandelectricalitems.ThefirstrepaircaféwassetupinAmsterdamin2009,andtheRepairCafeFoundationsaystherearenowmorethan400aroundtheworld.Arepaircaféisafreefacetofacemeetingofskilledvolunteersandlocalresidentswhowantthingsfixed.Visitorsbringbrokenitemsfromhomeandwatch,learnorhelpastherepairsgetdone.Somethingsarefixedduringtheevent,whileformorechallengingitemspeoplemightbereferredtolocalspecialityrepairshops.Lastyear,accordingtotheABS,Australianssentmorethanhalfamilliontonsofleathertolandfill—morethantentimestheamountthatwasreusedorrecycled.Mendingrepresentsanattempttoresistthethrowawayculture.Repaircafésgetpeopletalkingandgivethemthechancetonetworkandlearnaboutthelocalresourcesavailable.And,perhapsmostsurprisinglyforanyonewhoconsidersmendingtobesomekindofdrudgery,repaircaféscanbefunandcreative.“Inacirculareconomy,repaircafésfitrightin”,saystheorganiserMartinePostma.Inrejectingbuyusethrow,thecirculareconomyaimstokeepresourcesmovingaroundintheeconomy,ratherthanmovingthemthroughittoadeadend,wheretheycannotbeputintovaluableuse.Itmightbequickerandeasiertothrowstuffinthebin,butit’smoreexpensiveandlessfuntoo.12.WhatcanweknowabouttherepaircaféinSydney?A.It’sfinancedbythegovernment. B.Itsvisitorsareinvolvedinthefixing.C.It’sthefirstrepaircaféintheworld. D.Allitemsarefixedduringtheevent.13.Whydoestheauthordiscusslandfillinparagraph4?A.Tostressthedifficultyoflandfill. B.Toindicatetheurgencyofreusing.C.Tosupportthethrowawayculture. D.Toshowtheinfluenceofrepaircafés.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drudgery”inparagraph4mean?A.Specialnetwork. B.Weeklymeetings.C.Unpleasantwork. D.Interestinggames.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PlacestoMeetUpandDrinkB.RepairandShareEveryMonthC.RepairCafesContinuetheArtofMendingD.RepairCafesFixThingsIncludingtheEconomy【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了維修咖啡館，顧客可以參與到物品修理過程中，從而達(dá)到環(huán)保和經(jīng)濟(jì)循環(huán)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Arepaircaféisafreefacetofacemeetingofskilledvolunteersandlocalresidentswhowantthingsfixed.Visitorsbringbrokenitemsfromhomeandwatch,learnorhelpastherepairsgetdone.(維修咖啡館是一個由技術(shù)熟練志愿者和希望解決問題的當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窠M成的免費面對面會議。游客從家里帶來損壞的物品，觀看、學(xué)習(xí)或幫助維修工作。)”可知，維修咖啡館的游客會參與到修理過程。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Lastyear,accordingtotheABS,Australianssentmorethanhalfamilliontonsofleathertolandfill—morethantentimestheamountthatwasreusedorrecycled.Mendingrepresentsanattempttoresistthethrowawayculture.(根據(jù)澳大利亞統(tǒng)計局的數(shù)據(jù)，去年澳大利亞人將50多萬噸皮革送往垃圾填埋場，是重復(fù)使用或回收數(shù)量的十倍多。修補(bǔ)代表著一種抵制一次性文化的嘗試。)”可推斷，由于污染越來越嚴(yán)重，所以作者討論了填埋表明了重復(fù)使用的緊迫性。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段劃線詞后半句“repaircaféscanbefunandcreative.(維修咖啡館可以充滿樂趣和創(chuàng)造性。)”可知，很多人認(rèn)為修理是一件苦差事。所以drudgery為“苦差事”之意。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Inacirculareconomy,repaircafésfitrightin”,saystheorganiserMartine.Inrejectingbuyusethrow,thecirculareconomyaimstokeepresourcesmovingaroundintheeconomy,ratherthanmovingthemthroughittoadeadend,wheretheycannotbeputintovaluableuse.(“在循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)中，維修咖啡館非常適合”，組織者瑪?shù)倌?、說。通過拒絕“買用扔”，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的目的是讓資源在經(jīng)濟(jì)中流動，而不是將它們推向死胡同，使它們無法得到有價值的利用。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了維修咖啡館，顧客可以參與到物品修理過程中，從而達(dá)到環(huán)保和經(jīng)濟(jì)循環(huán)。所以“RepairCafesFixThingsIncludingtheEconomy(修理咖啡館修理東西——包括經(jīng)濟(jì))”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共分)Thedirectionofourlivesisdeterminedbythechoiceswemakeeveryday.____16____.Choosetobreakabadhabit____17____,yourfriendsandfamilycanalwaystellyou.Thenmakeeveryefforttobreakthemandalwaysreplacethemwithnewpositiveones.ChoosetoworksmarterManypeoplefeelliketheirlivesareoutofbalanceandthattheydon’thaveenoughtimetodoeverythingtheywantto.Firstofall,youneedtobeawareofthetimethatyoumightbewastingbydoingactivitiesthatarenotcreatingresults.____18____,suchassettingupascheduleandstickingtoit,willmakeyourlifeflowbetter.ChoosetogiveyourworkasenseofpurposeHelpingandencouragingotherpeoplewillnotonlymakeyourlifebemoremeaningful,butitwillalsomakeyoumoremoney.Ifyouputyourheartandyoureffortsintohelpingothers,thenthefinancialpartoflifetakescareofitself.____19____.____20____Therearemanytakersinthisworld,butourliveswillbebetteraswebeegiversandservetheworldasgivers.Youwanttolearntobeeunselfishwithyourselfandlearntogiveyourtime,yourmoney,andofcourse,yourlove.ASpendyourtimehelpingothersgrowandyourfinanceswillgrowwithitB.Therefore,learningsomegoodtimemanagementtechniquesC.ToworkwithpurposesisagoodchoiceD.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyourbadhabitsareE.ThefollowingchoiceswillcontributetopersonalsuccessF.ChoosetosowmorethanyouharvestG.Choosetoformgoodhabits【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一些有助于獲得成功的選擇?！?6題詳解】此句所在位置應(yīng)起到承上啟下的作用。根據(jù)每段的小標(biāo)題“Chooseto…”可知，下文主要介紹了一些重要的選擇。E選項“Thefollowingchoiceswillcontributetopersonalsuccess(以下選擇將有助于個人成功)”引出下文。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Choosetobreakabadhabit(選擇打破一個壞習(xí)慣)”可知，這一段會圍繞著關(guān)鍵詞“badhabit”展開論述。且因為空后的標(biāo)點符號是逗號，此空應(yīng)該填一個從句，D選項Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyourbadhabitsare(如果你不知道自己的壞習(xí)慣是什么)符合條件。故選D。【18題詳解】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“________,suchassettingupascheduleandstickingtoit,willmakeyourlifeflowbetter.”這個句子中缺少主語成分。選項中B選項“l(fā)earningsomegoodtimemanagementtechniques(學(xué)習(xí)一些好的時間管理技巧)”是一個動名詞短語，可充當(dāng)句子主語；且“settingupaschedule(設(shè)置計劃)”屬于時間管理技巧，語境相符。故選B。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Helpingandencouragingotherpeoplewillnotonlymakeyourlifebemoremeaningful,butitwillalsomakeyoumoremoney.(幫助并且鼓勵別人不僅使你的生活更加有意義，而且也會使你賺更多的錢)”可知，幫助別人的同時，也可以掙更多的錢。A項“Spendyourtimehelpingothersgrowandyourfinanceswillgrowwithit(花時間幫助別人成長，那么你的收入也會隨之增加)”與之呼應(yīng)。故選A?！?0題詳解】此空所在位置應(yīng)屬于小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)前三個小標(biāo)題的特征，都是含有“chooseto…”的祈使句，所以只有F和G符合語境。根據(jù)下文“ourliveswillbebetteraswebeegiversandservetheworldasgivers.(當(dāng)我們成為奉獻(xiàn)者，并以奉獻(xiàn)者的身份為世界服務(wù)時，我們的生活會變得更好。)”可知，我們應(yīng)該多“給予”，而不是“索取”。F選項“Choosetosowmorethanyouharvest（選擇播種而不是收獲）”與語境相符。故選F。三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共分)Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They___21___withthemlotsofwaste.The___22___mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe___23___ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I’m___24___abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.However,Isoon___25___thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof___26___amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda___27___mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare___28___buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe___29___.ThebestofaKilimanjaro____30____,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare____31____asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This____32____isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas____33____gothroughfiveecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,____34____landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather____35____—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I____36____twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland____37____:gravel(礫石),stonesandrocks.____38____youclimbintoanarcticlikezonewith____39____snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro____40____itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.21.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring22.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters23.A.position B.age C.face D.name24.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy25.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate26.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones27.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean28.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary29.A.payingoff B.spreadingout C.blowingup D.fadingaway30.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight31.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded32.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose33.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials34.A.holdingonto B.goingbackto C.livingupto D.givingwayto35.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits36.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add37.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake38.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally39.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial40.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire【答案】21.D22.C23.C24.B25.A26.C27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.B34.D35.A36.C37.B38.D39.A40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。每年有4萬登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃圾，破壞了這里的環(huán)境。再加上冰川的消失，改變著它的地貌。對此作者對這個地方很是懷疑，想一探究竟。當(dāng)他來到這里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保措施很到位，同時作者發(fā)現(xiàn)乞力馬扎羅山有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山不應(yīng)該被譽為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.keep保持；B.mix混合；C.connect聯(lián)系；D.bring帶來。句意：他們帶來了很多的垃圾。由“l(fā)otsofwaste”可知，登山者帶來了很多的垃圾。故D選項切題?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.stories故事；B.buildings建筑物；C.crowds人群；D.reporters記者。句意：人群可能會破壞這個地方的美。由“40,000”可知，這是一個龐大的群體。故C選項切題?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.position位置；B.age年齡；C.face外貌，表面；D.name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改變著乞力馬扎羅山的地貌。冰川是乞力馬扎羅山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化會改變它的地貌。故C選項切題?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.silent沉默的；B.skepetical懷疑的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.crazy瘋狂的。句意：聽到這些故事，我對這個地方產(chǎn)生了懷疑——其他旅游地被描述為“更純粹”的自然體驗。由下文可知，作者親自來到了乞力馬扎羅山，作者想解開這個懷疑。故B選項切題?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.argue爭論；C.decide決定；D.advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由“muchhaschanged”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了很大的變化。故A選項切題?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.equipment裝備；B.grass草；C.camps營地；D.stone石頭。句意：我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由下文“atcamps”可知，本句屬于原詞再現(xiàn)。故C選項切題?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；B.quiet安靜的；C.tall高的；D.clean干凈的。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座干凈的山，營地里和路邊都有廁所。由“withtoliletatcampsandalongthepaths”可知，營地里和路邊都有廁所，所以這是一座干凈的山。故D選項切題?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.new新的；B.special特殊的；C.significant重大的；D.necessary必要的。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。根據(jù)前文可知，很多的登山者來到乞力馬扎羅山以及冰川可能會消失，這對于環(huán)境來說是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。故C選項切題。【29題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.payingoff還清，報償；B.spreadingout伸展；C.blowingup爆炸；D.fadingaway逐漸消退。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。由“but”可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。故A選項切題。【30題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.atmosphere氛圍；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.experiment實驗；D.sight視力。句意：在我看來，來乞力馬扎羅最好的經(jīng)歷并不是到達(dá)頂峰。登山就是人生的一種經(jīng)歷。故B選項切題。【31題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.studied學(xué)習(xí)；B.observed觀察；C.explored探索；D.regarded認(rèn)為。句意：山被許多文化視為精神場所。由“spiritualspace”可知，山被許多文化視為精神場所。beregardedas被視為……。故D選項切題?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.view景色；B.quality質(zhì)量；C.reason原因；D.purpose目的。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色差異尤為明顯。有五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，所以景色也是明顯的不同。故A選項切題。【33題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.scientists科學(xué)家；B.climbers登山者；C.locals當(dāng)?shù)厝?；D.officials官員。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色尤為明顯。故A選項切題。來到乞力馬扎羅都是為了登山，也只有登山者能體驗到五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故B選項切題?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.holdingonto抓??；B.goingbackto回到（原來的話題）；C.livingupto達(dá)到，履行；D.givingwayto向……讓步。句意：熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，讓位于大片的低矮植物。這里指熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故D選項切題?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.changes改變；B.clears放晴；C.improves提高；D.permits允許。句意：再往上走，天氣變了——低云籠罩著被厚厚的草覆蓋的山腰。由“l(fā)owclouds”可知，海拔變了，天氣也是不同的，是變化的。故A選項切題。【36題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.match匹配；B.imagine想象；C.count數(shù)；D.add增加。句意：我從站的地方數(shù)出了十二種綠色。由“twelveshadesofgreen”可知，作者數(shù)出了十二種綠色。故C選項切題?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.village村莊；B.desert沙漠，荒地；C.road馬路；D.lake湖。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。由“grave,stonesandrocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠。故B選項切題?！?8題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.Obviously明顯地；B.Easily容易地；C.Consequently結(jié)果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地荒漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最頂端也是最后一個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是冰川地區(qū)。故D選項切題。【39題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.permanent永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鮮的；D.artificial人造的。句意：很明顯，你爬進(jìn)了一個類似北極的地帶，那里有著永久性的積雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arcticlikezone”可知，這是一個類似北極的地帶，所以有永久性的積雪。故A選項切題?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C.save挽救；D.acquire獲得。句意：乞力馬扎羅山是一座擁擠的山，擠滿了成群的游客，破壞了寧靜的氣氛，它值得這樣的名聲嗎？這里作者在質(zhì)疑乞力馬扎羅山是不是應(yīng)該被譽為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰，以此在對后面的回答做好鋪墊。故B選項切題。第II卷(非選擇題)四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式答案寫在答題卡上。AccordingtoanewreportbyIPCC(IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange),thedeadlyheatwaves,floods____41____droughtsaredisturbingthe____42____(life)ofthousandsofpeoplefromtheAmericanWesttosouthernEuropeandcentralChina.Andtheywillbelikelyonlytoget____43____(bad)asglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise.“Sofar,allregionsoftheworld____44____(affect)bysomeextremes,”saysSoniaSeneviratne,anenvironmental____45____(science).“Wecanlinkextremeweathertoclimatechangein____46____samewaywecanlinkcancertosmoking,”saysFriederikeOtto,oneofthereport’sauthors.And,likesmoking,thedamageishard____47____(disappear),Ottosays.Themostimportantthing,expertssay,istomakesuretheseeventsdon’tgrowevenmoremonandintense____48____theyarenow.“Ifeel____49____(strong)thatthepublicneedstoknowthatdangerousclimatechangeishereandnow,”saysMichaelWehner,anextremeweatherresearcher.Tolimitglobalwarmingtojust2℃,Wehnersays,“It’smyfeelingthatwewouldhavetodosomethingratherextreme.”Somethingextreme,headds,meanspletely_____50_____(get)ridofconsumptionofcoal,oil,andnaturalgas.【答案】41.and42.lives43.worse44.havebeenaffected45.scientist46.the47.todisappear48.than49.strongly50.getting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了目前自然災(zāi)害對人類的影響并分析其起因。【41題詳解】考查連詞。句意：根據(jù)政府氣候變化專門委員會(IPCC)的一份新報告，從美國西部到歐洲南部和中國中部，致命的熱浪、洪水和干旱正困擾著成千上萬人的生活。前后都是自然災(zāi)難，是并列關(guān)系。故填and?！?2題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：根據(jù)政府氣候變化專門委員會(IPCC)的一份新報告，從美國西部到歐洲南部和中國中部，致命的熱浪、洪水和干旱正困擾著成千上萬人的生活。名詞life為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)thousandsofpeople可知，用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填lives?！?3題詳解】考查比較級。句意：而且，隨著全球氣溫的持續(xù)上升，情況可能只會變得更糟。分析句意可知，溫度持續(xù)上升情況會更糟。getworse變得更糟。故填worse。【44題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：“到目前為止，世界上所有地區(qū)都受到了一些極端天氣的影響，”環(huán)境科學(xué)家索尼婭·塞內(nèi)維拉特內(nèi)(SoniaSeneviratne)說。根據(jù)句中的Sofar可知，這里應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語allregionsoftheworld與affect之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填havebeenaffected?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“到目前為止，世界上所有地區(qū)都受到了一些極端天氣的影響，”環(huán)境科學(xué)家索尼婭·塞內(nèi)維拉特內(nèi)說。形容詞environmental后接名詞形式，an表明用單數(shù)，故填scientist?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：“我們可以把極端天氣和氣候變化聯(lián)系起來，就像我們可以把癌癥和吸煙聯(lián)系起來一樣，”該報告的作者之一弗里德里克·奧托說。固定短語inthesameway以相同的方式。故填the?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：奧托說，就像吸煙一樣，這種損害很難消失。固定短語behardtodo很難做某事。故填todisappear。【48題詳解】考查介詞。句意：專家說，最重要的是確保這些事件不會變得比現(xiàn)在更加普遍和激烈。根據(jù)空格前的moremon可知，這里是比較級，所以用介詞than。故填than?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：“我強(qiáng)烈認(rèn)為，公眾需要知道危險的氣候變化就在眼前，”極端天氣研究人員邁克爾·溫納說。動詞feel后用副詞修飾。故填strongly?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他補(bǔ)充說，一些極端的東西意味著完全擺脫煤炭、石油和天然氣的消費。固定短語meandoing意味做某事。故填getting。五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題，共分)51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：(1)每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;(2)只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。LastweekItakepartintheCulturalExchangeWeekbutenjoyedmyselfinEngland.Ivisitedthecitymuseumandseveralplaceofinterest,whichmademehavebetterunderstandingoftheEnglishsociety,cultureandhistory.What’smore,IwasluckilyenoughtomeetmypenfriendTomthere.Istayedathishome.AndI’llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogether.WhenIleftEngland,heofferedtomeadictionaryasagift.It’sofgreathelpformetolearningEnglish.IwillmakefulluseofthemandlearnEnglishwell.IhopeTomwilletoChinawhenit’sconvenienceforhim!【答案