作業(yè) 04 必修一Unit4（人教版2019）

第一部分自主練習寒假作業(yè)④One’smeatisanother’spoison.己所不欲，勿施于人。eq\o\ac(

,M)美文品鑒 LifeisfullofconfusinganddisorderingParticulartime,aparticularlocation,Dothearrangedthingoftenmilliontimeinthebrain,Stepbystep,thelifeishardtoavoiddelicacyandstiffnessNoenthusiasmforever,NounexpectedhappeningofsurprisingandpleasingSo,onlysilentlyaskmyselfinmindNexthappiness,whenwillcome? 人生的紛紛擾擾，雜雜亂亂，在一個特定的時間，特定的地點，做腦海中安排了千萬遍的事，一步一驟，人生難免精致，卻也死板，永遠沒有激情，沒有意料之外的驚喜。于是，也只有在心里默默地問：下一班幸福，幾點開？eq\o\ac(

,J)基礎(chǔ)演練I.單詞拼寫1.Iamhavingsomefood________(遞送)forherbirthday.2.Iamrelaxedtostayinthevillageandfeelpleasedto________(呼吸)thisair.3.Iwas______(震驚的)tohearthenewsthatagreatfirebrokeoutinthefactory.4.Thebigfirelastedforfourhoursandallthebuildingsalongthestreetgot______(毀壞).5.Twochildrenfellintotheriverandmanypeopletriedto______(營救)them.II.單句語法填空1.What_______(strike)meinthemovieChangjinhumostwasthesoldiers’strongwillanddetermination.2.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildren_________waterstartedfillingmyhome.3.Rescueworkersarerescuingthe______(injure)intheearthquake.4.Theydugaholeand______(bury)themoney.5.PlatowasoneoftheGreekPhilosophers______ideashaveinfluencedWesternsociety.III.單句寫作1.Ithasrainedfortwodays,________________.雨下了兩天，引起了河水上漲。2.________________sheforgottolockthedoor.她突然想到忘記鎖門了。3.Lotsofhousesandroadstherebecame____________aftertheearthquake.那里的許多房屋和道路在地震后變得破敗不堪。4.WearegoingtolearnsomeChinesepoems____________intheTangDynasty.我們將學習在唐朝時期創(chuàng)作出來的一些中國詩歌。5.Grandfathersatinthesofa,________________________happily.爺爺坐在沙發(fā)上,高興地給孩子們講著故事。IV.語法填空 Friendshipisoneofthemostimportantthingsineveryone’slife.1.________isverydifficulttofindabetterdefinition(定義)offriendship.Atruefriendistheperson2.________cansharealloursadnessanddoubleallour3.________(happy). Knowinghow4.________(value)friendshipis,weshouldbeverycarefulwithourchoiceofafriend.Weshouldchoosethosepeoplewithagoodcharacter5.________ourfriends,butwemusttrytoavoid6.________(make)friendswithabadman. Atruefriendcanalways7.________(trust)andrespected.Friendssharetheirjoysandsorrows.Theyhelpeachotherwhentheyare8.________trouble,andcheereachotherupwhentheyaresad.9.________mostimportantthingisthatafriendalwaysunderstandsyou.Inconclusion,10.________youhavemadeagoodfriend,don’tforgethimorher.eq\o\ac(

,T)提升演練I.完形填空 Therewasnoneedtoconsultmysmart-watchtoknowthatwehadclimbedtoanaltitudeofmorethan4,500meters.____1____discomfortservesasawarningsystemontheQinghai-TibetPlateau. Afterafour-hourjourney,ourcoach____2____aparkinglotinMadoicounty,asprawlingherdingdistrictinthenorthwesternprovinceofQinghai.Igotoffandtookawalk,butitfeltlikehardwork.Whatseemedlikeaslightlydazedfeelingatlowerplace—suchaswhenIvisitedLhasa,capitaloftheTibetautonomousregion,in2019atabout3,000metersabovesealevel—had____3____intoasevereheadachebecauseofthethinair. Astheairpressure____4____rapidly,mysunscreenbottleswelledandits____5____spilledout.Treeswerearare____6____.Thesoilwasfrozen.Ricetastedhalf-cooked. I____7____asmallhotel,whereabout35doctorsandjournalistswouldstayforthenextfewdaysaspartofavolunteermedicalprogram.Iwasassignedaroommate,aphotojournalistinhis50s.Weclimbed____8____ofstairscarryingsuitcasespackedwithwinterclothesandothernecessitiesto____9____thesunburn-producingultraviolet.Theclimbclearlyworsenedoursymptoms.Wewerebothbreathlesswhenwereachedourroom. Crackscouldbeseenmeanderingacrossthewallsoftheroom,awarningsignofthequake’sdestructionanda____10____thatthedangerhadnotgoneaway. Itcertainlyhadn’t.Ataboutmidnight,amagnitude4.8quake____11____thecountyandmademyroommateandI—both____12____becauseofthediscomfortwewerefeeling—jumpoutofourbeds. Wescrambledforourclothesandshoesandarguedaboutwhetherwehadenoughtimetorunoutside.Beforewehadreachedagreement,theshakinghadstopped.Thestreetourroomoverlookedwasquickly____13____withpeople,andmysixthsenseforsurvivaltoldmetojointhoselife-cherishingpeopledownstairs,butthe____14____toldmetostayput.TheoldermanandIstaredateachotherandthendecidedtocreepbacktoourbeds,butwekeptourpantson,just____15____.1.A.BodilyB.HeartC.VerbalD.Eye2.A.pulledoutB.stoppedbyC.pulledoverD.pulledinto3.A.lengthenedB.worsenedC.lessenedD.weakened4.A.fellB.roseC.increasedD.applied5.A.pressureB.contentsC.waterD.cap6.sightB.typeC.styleD.scene7.A.signedupB.walkedintoC.checkedupD.checkedinto8.A.severalB.flightsC.fewD.steps9.A.surviveB.saveC.useD.waste10.A.noteB.reminderC.viewD.site11.A.cameB.brokeC.stuckD.scared12.awakeB.sleepyC.quietD.ill13.A.creditedB.accompaniedC.floodedD.covered14.A.dangerB.discomfortC.disbeliefD.destruction15.A.incomfortB.inreliefC.incaseD.invainII.閱讀理解 Afteranearthquakemostsurvivorscanbeexpectedtorecoverovertime,particularlywiththesupportoffamilyandfriends.Somefamilieswillbeabletoreturntotheirnormallifequickly,whileotherswillhavetocontendwiththedestructionoftheirhomes,medicalproblems,andinjurytofamilymembers.Childrenespeciallywillneedtimetorecoverfromthelossofalovedoneorapetorfromtheclosingdownoftheirschool. Childrenoftenturntoadultsforinformation,comfortandhelp.Parentsshouldtrytoremaincalm,answerchildren’squestionshonestlyandremainunderstandingwhentheyseechangesintheirchildren’sbehavior. Childrenreactdifferentlytoanearthquakedependingontheirages,developmentallevelsandformerexperiences.Somewillrespondbywithdrawing(不與人交往),whileotherswillhaveangryoutbursts(爆發(fā)).Parentsshouldremainsensitivetoeachchild’sreactions.Parentsshouldspendtimetalkingtotheirchildren，lettingthemknowthatit’sOKtoaskquestionsandtosharetheirworries.Althoughitmaybehardtofindtimetohavethesetalks,parentscanuseregularfamilymealtimesorbedtimesforthem.Theyshouldanswerquestionsbrieflyandhonestlyandbesuretoasktheirchildrenfortheiropinionsandideas.Issuesmaycomeupmorethanonceandparentsshouldremainpatientwhenyouanswerthequestionsagain.Foryoungchildren,parents,aftertalkingabouttheearthquake,mightreadafavoritestoryorhavearelaxingfamilyactivitytohelpthemcalmdown.Parentsshouldalsotellchildrentheyaresafeandspendextratimewiththem.Theycouldplaygamesoutsideorreadtogetherindoors.Mostimportantly,besuretotellthemyoulovethem.1．Theunderlinedphrase“contendwith”inParagraph1canbereplacedby“________”.A．dealwithB．makeupC．putoffD．turnback2．Whenchildrenaskthesamequestionagain,parentsshould________.A．readafavoritestorytocomfortthemB．a(chǎn)skthemtohelpdosomehouseworkC．bepatientandanswerthequestionagainD．takethemouttoplaygames3．WhichofthefollowingpiecesofadviceisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Keepaclosewatchonchildren’sbehavior.B．Tellthechildrentheyaresafe.C．Tellthechildrenyoulovethem.D．Askeducationalexpertsforhelp.4．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Allpeoplewillrecoverfromanearthquakequickly.B．Childrenmayneedalongertimetorecoverafteranearthquake.C．Childrenshouldturntotheirclassmatesforhelpafteranearthquake.D．Childrenreactinthesamewayasadultsdotoanearthquake.eq\o\ac(

,S)素材積累AGoodBoyLittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents."WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?""Igaveittoapooroldwoman,"heanswered."You'reagoodboy,"saidthemotherproudly."Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?""Sheistheonewhosellsthecandy."好孩子小羅伯特向媽媽要兩分錢?！白蛱旖o你的錢干什么了？”“我給了一個可憐的老太婆，”他回答說?！澳阏媸莻€好孩子，”媽媽驕傲地說?！霸俳o你兩分錢?？赡銥槭裁磳δ俏焕咸敲锤信d趣呢？”“她是個賣糖果的。”練習答案eq\o\ac(

,J)基礎(chǔ)演練I.單詞拼寫1.delivered【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我讓人送些食物給她過生日。根據(jù)漢語提示“遞送”以及前文havingsomefood可知，此處應用動詞deliver的過去分詞delivered作賓語補足語，havesthdone“請或派別人完成某事”是習慣表達。故填delivered。2.breathe【詳解】考查動詞。句意：待在這個村子，我很放松。呼吸著這里的空氣，我感到高興?？崭裉幨遣欢ㄊ阶鳡钫Z，表原因。根據(jù)漢語提示填breathe。3.shocked【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：聽到工廠發(fā)生大火的消息，我很震驚。根據(jù)漢語意思“震驚的”，表示人的感受，以及上文was可知應填形容詞shocked作表語，故填shocked。4.destroyed【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：大火持續(xù)了四個小時，沿街的所有建筑物都被燒毀了。根據(jù)漢語意思“毀壞”可知應填動詞destroy，結(jié)合固定結(jié)構(gòu)“get+done”，street與destroy構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應用過去分詞，故填destroyed。5.rescue【詳解】考查動詞。句意：兩個孩子掉進了河里，許多人試圖營救他們。根據(jù)漢語意思“營救”以及上文trytodosth.可知應填動詞原形rescue。故填rescue。II.單句語法填空1.struck【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在電影《長津湖》中，最打動我的是戰(zhàn)士們堅強的意志和決心。根據(jù)后文was可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過去時，謂語動詞strike應用過去式。故填struck。2.when【詳解】考查時間狀語從句。句意：我和我的三個孩子正在吃早餐，這時水突然開始灌滿我的家。根據(jù)固定句型bedoingsthwhen...（正在做某事，這時突然……）可知，空格處填when引導時間狀語從句。故填when。3.injured【詳解】考查固定用法。句意：救援人員正在營救地震中的傷者?！皌he+形容詞”表示一類人；theinjured傷者。故填injured。4.buried【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：他們挖了個洞，把錢埋了起來。根據(jù)句中的dug可知，此處應用一般過去時，故填buried。5.whose【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：柏拉圖是古希臘哲學家之一，他的思想影響了西方社會。分析可知空格處是定語從句，先行詞GreekPhilosophers作定語，表示“.....的”，關(guān)系代詞為whose。故空格處填whose。故填whose。III.單句寫作1.causingtherivertorise【詳解】考查非謂語動詞、句子結(jié)構(gòu)。表示“引起”應用cause；表示“河水”應用theriver；表示“上漲”應用rise；分析可知，空格處為非謂語，動詞cause“引起”和主語之間是主動關(guān)系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞causing作狀語，causesb/sthtodosth是固定句型，表示“上漲”為不定式短語torise。故填causingtherivertorise。2.Itstruckherthat【詳解】考查固定句型。表示“突然想起”可用固定句式itstrikessb+that從句，句型中“她”用賓格her作賓語，根據(jù)語境和后文forgot可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式。句首字母大寫，故填I(lǐng)tstruckherthat。3.inruins【詳解】考查短語。根據(jù)提示可知本句考查短語“破敗不堪”inruins，故填in；ruins。4.that/whichwerewritten【詳解】考查定語從句和時態(tài)。表達“創(chuàng)作”應使用動詞write。分析句子可知，空處應使用that或which引導的限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞poems（復數(shù)，指物），并在從句中充當主語成分。由于poems與動詞write之間是被動的關(guān)系，且write這個動作發(fā)生在過去，應使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填that/whichwerewritten。5.tellingthechildrenstories【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。固定短語tellsb.sth.“告訴某人某事”，本句中已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞且句中沒有連詞，故tell做非謂語動詞，與邏輯主語grandfather構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填tellingthechildrenstories。IV.語法填空1.It2.who/that3.happiness4.valuable5.as6.making7.betrusted8.in9.The10.when/if【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了我們?nèi)绾尾拍芙坏胶门笥?，以及什么是真正的好朋友?.考查代詞。句意：很難找到更好的友誼的定義。此處用代詞it作形式主語：itis+adjtodosth，做某事是怎么樣的，而且空格位于句首。故填I(lǐng)t。2.考查定語從句。句意：真正的朋友是可以分擔我們所有的悲傷并使我們的所有快樂加倍的人。空處引導定語從句，theperson做先行詞，指人，后面從句部分缺主語，應用關(guān)系代詞who/that。故填who/that。3.考查名詞。句意：真正的朋友是可以分擔我們所有的悲傷并使我們的所有快樂加倍的人。此處空格前面有allour修飾名詞，所以后面應該接一個名詞，happiness抽象名詞，不可數(shù)。故填happiness。4.考查形容詞。句意：知道友誼非常寶貴，我們應該非常謹慎地選擇朋友。分析可知，空處應用形容詞作表語，因此處為感嘆句，故形容詞提到了主語之前。故填valuable。5.考查介詞。句意：我們應該選擇性格好的人做朋友，但要盡量避免和壞人交朋友。此處表達“作為……”應用介詞as。故填as。6.考查動名詞。句意：我們應該選擇性格好的人做朋友，但要盡量避免和壞人交朋友。此處avoid用法是avoiddoingsth，意為“避免做某事”。故填making。7.考查語態(tài)。句意：真正的朋友總是值得信任和尊重的。此處friend作主語，根據(jù)句意和trust是被動關(guān)系，朋友被信任，謂語情態(tài)動詞can后用bedone。故填betrusted。8.考查介詞。句意：他們遇到困難時互相幫助，難過時互相鼓勵。此處想表達“遇到困難、處于困難中”用beintrouble。故填in。9.考查冠詞。句意：最重要的是，朋友總是理解你。此處most最高級應用定冠詞the修飾，而且設(shè)空處位于句首。故填The。10.考查狀語從句。句意：總之，當/如果你交了一個好朋友，不要忘記他或她。此處兩個逗號之間是從句，再結(jié)合句子意思可知是時間或者條件狀語從句，用when/if引導。故填when/if。eq\o\ac(

,T)提升演練I.微完形填空1.A2.C3.B4.B5.B6.A7.D8.D9.B10.B11.C12.A13.C14.B15.C【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者訪問青藏高原的經(jīng)歷。1.考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在青藏高原，身體不適是一種預警系統(tǒng)。A.Bodily人體的；B.Heart心臟；C.Verbal口頭的；D.Eye眼睛。根據(jù)常識和空后“servesasawarningsystemontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.”可知，此處指在青藏高原高海拔帶來“身體的”不適。故選A。2.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：經(jīng)過四個小時的旅程，我們的馬車停在了馬多縣的一個停車場上。馬多縣位于青海省西北部，是一個龐大的牧區(qū)。A.pulledout拔出；B.stoppedby順便訪問；C.pulledover靠邊停車；D.pulledinto進站。根據(jù)下文“Igotoffandtookawalk”，可知，此處指“把車停下來”。故選C。3.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2019年，當我在海拔3000米左右的地方訪問西藏自治區(qū)首府拉薩時，在較低的地方似乎有一種輕微的暈眩感，但由于空氣稀薄，這種感覺已經(jīng)變成了嚴重的頭痛。A.lengthened延長；B.worsened使惡化；C.lessened減輕；D.weakened變?nèi)?。根?jù)文中的“aslightlydazed”和空后的“asevereheadache”，可知，情況加劇了，固定短語：worseninto惡化到，符合題意。故選B。4.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著氣壓的迅速上升，我的防曬霜瓶子膨脹起來，里面的東西都溢出來了。A.fell落下；B.rose上升；C.increased增長；D.applied申請。根據(jù)“becauseofthethinair”和空后“mysunscreenbottleswelled”，可知，海拔越高，氣壓越高。故選B。5.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著氣壓的迅速上升，我的防曬霜瓶子膨脹起來，里面的東西都溢出來了。A.pressure壓力；B.contents內(nèi)容，目錄；C.water水；D.cap帽子。根據(jù)空前“mysunscreenbottleswelled”可知，瓶子里的東西溢出來。故選B。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：樹木很少見。A.sight視力，視野，景象；B.type類型；C.style風格；D.scene現(xiàn)場。根據(jù)下文“Thesoilwasfrozen.”可知，此處指見不到樹木，即樹木是極少見到的景象。故選A。7.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我住進了一家小酒店，接下來的幾天里，大約有35名醫(yī)生和記者將在這里住上幾天，這是一個志愿醫(yī)療項目的一部分。A.signedup注冊，報名；B.walkedinto走進；C.checkedup檢查，核對；D.checkedinto調(diào)查，到達并登記。根據(jù)下文“Iwasassignedaroommate,”可知，此處指作者住進酒店。故選D。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們提著裝滿冬裝和其他防止紫外線曬傷的必需品的箱子爬上樓梯。A.several幾個；B.flights航班，飛行；C.few很少；D.steps臺階。根據(jù)“Weclimbed____8____ofstairs”可知，此處指爬樓梯。故選D。9.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們提著裝滿冬裝和其他防止紫外線曬傷的必需品的箱子爬上樓梯。A.survive幸存；B.save避免，挽救；C.use使用；D.waste浪費。根據(jù)下文“thesunburn-producingultraviolet.”可知，此處指“避免”曬傷。故選B。10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：房間的墻壁上可以看到蜿蜒的裂縫，這是地震破壞的警告信號，提醒人們危險還沒有消失。A.note筆記，便條；B.reminder提醒物；C.view觀點；D.site地點。根據(jù)空后“thedangerhadnotgoneaway”，可知，此處指cracks是危險的提醒物。故選B。11.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大約在午夜時分，一場4.8級的地震襲擊了這個縣，我和我的室友因為感到不舒服而都醒了，我們從床上跳了起來。A.came來；B.broke弄壞；C.struck撞擊，襲擊；D.scared使害怕。根據(jù)空前的“amagnitude4.8quake”可知，此處指這個縣發(fā)生了地震，即地震襲擊了這個縣。故選C。12.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大約在午夜時分，一場4.8級的地震襲擊了這個縣，我和我的室友因為感到不舒服而都醒了，我們從床上跳了起來。A.awake醒著的；B.sleepy困倦的；C.quiet安靜的；D.ill不舒服的。根據(jù)下文“becauseofthediscomfortwewerefeeling—jumpoutofourbeds.”可知，地震使我們“醒著”。故選A。13.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們房間俯瞰的街道很快就擠滿了人，我的生存第六感告訴我，要加入樓下那些珍愛生命的人的行列，但這種不適讓我留在原地。A.credited相信；B.accompanied陪伴；C.flooded大量涌入；D.covered覆蓋。根據(jù)空后“mysixthsenseforsurvivaltoldmetojointhoselife-cherishingpeopledownstairs”