2017專四作文輔導5-圖表作文講解

專四作文輔導:圖表作文主要輔導內(nèi)容模擬3圖表作文講解（含提綱）圖表作文概述（四種類型的圖表）圖表作文的結(jié)構（2類）圖表作文的開頭圖表作文的數(shù)據(jù)描述圖表作文的結(jié)尾幾個范文?？?作文審題：

Introduction:

mini

research

project,

barchartBody:圖表中的趨勢Conclusion（也許有未來行動方向？材料的附加信息可以用）縱軸：某年齡段參與慈善捐款的人口占本年齡段人口的比例橫軸：5個不同年齡組變量：兩個年份：1990年和2010年趨勢分析年份比較參與慈善捐款的人口占總?cè)丝跀?shù)的比例:1990>2010年齡組比較總體：參與慈善捐款的人口比例在不同年齡段有顯著差異。兩年相比：與20年前相比，中青年人的捐款人口比例顯著下降，老年人的捐款人口比例略有上升。提綱Introduction:

mini

research

project,

bar

chartBody:

Compared

with

1990,

there

was

a

lower

percentage

of

British

people

donating

money

to

charity

in2010.舉例：1990年，捐款比例最小的年齡組17%，其他年齡組都超過30%，最高值42%。2010年，捐款比例最小的年齡組7%，其他年齡組超過20%,最高值39%。

In

general,

the

percentage

of

British

people

giving

money

to

charity

vary

among

different

age

groups.Compared

with

1990,

there

is

a

significant

decline

of

the

percentage

among

three

age

groups

under50,

and

only

a

slight

rise

of

the

percentage

among

two

age

groups

over

50.舉例：下降組的數(shù)據(jù)對比，上升組的數(shù)據(jù)對比

Conclusion:

發(fā)現(xiàn)：The

percentage

of

British

population

contributing

money

to

charity

is

declining

and

the

decline

isfound

most

significantly

among

the

young

and

middle

aged

people.Language

Expression:百分比1.

X

accounts

for

xxpercentofY

(總數(shù))

(也可用take

up)X占Y的百分之xxE.g.

Male

respondents

accounts

for

48%

of

the

total

respondents.Female

respondents

takes

up

52%

of

the

total

respondents.2.The

percentage

of

X

among

Y

is

xx%.Y中X的含量是百分之xxE.g.

The

percentage

of

the

18-25-year-old

group

donating

money

to

charity

is

15%

in

1990.3.The

number

of

X

is…,accounting

for

xx

percent of

Y.X值為……，占Y的百分之xxThe

number

of

smokers

is

10

million,

accounting

for

6.2%

of

the

entire

population.比較On

the

top

of

the

list

is

……,

which

accounts

for

60%

of

….占比重最高的是……，占60%。At

the

bottom

is

……,

which

accounts

for

10%

of

….占比重最低的是……，占10%。3.

A

is

ranked/rated

first,

accounting

for

60%

of….

It

is

followed

bat

30%

and

C

at

25%.A占最高比重，占……的60%。緊隨其后的是占30%的B和占25%的C。變化趨勢-上升/增長、下降/減少The

number

of

…increased/rose+

suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/substantially/considerab/sharply/steeply

from

1900

to

2000.在1900到2000間，……的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長。There

was

a

sudden/rapid/dramatic/substantial/considerable/sharp/steep

increase/rise

ithe

number

of

……

from

1990

to

2000.在1990到2000間，……的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長。The

number

of

……

increased/rose

steadily/gradually/slowly/slightly

from

1990

to

2000.在1990到2000間，……的數(shù)量在持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的增長。There

was

a

steady/gradual/slow/slight

increase/rise

in

the

number

of

……

from1990

to2000.在1990到2000間，……的數(shù)量在持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的增長。5.

decrease/fall/drop;

a

decrease/drop/reduction/decline

in

the

number

of

……（可替換上述表明增長的詞）變化趨勢-達到頂點The

situation/figures

reached/hit

a

peak/a

high

at

60%

in

…….The

situation/figures

peaked

at

60%

in

…….情況(數(shù)據(jù))在……達到頂點，為60%。The

situation/figures

bottomed

out

at

20%

in

…….The

situation/figures

hit

a

trough

at

20%

in

…….情況(數(shù)據(jù))在……達到最低點，為20%。圖表作文概況圖表作文要求對圖表相關的信息進行歸納，對其重點和主要趨勢進行匯報。圖表主要有四種(圖例見P11-12)line

graph線型圖-描述某事物的發(fā)展變化pie

chart餅圖-描述一個總體的不同部分的比例bar

chart柱狀圖-用來比較兩個以上數(shù)據(jù)的值table表格-用一行/多行單元格中的文本和數(shù)字展示數(shù)據(jù)的方式。3.

圖表作文注意事項：時態(tài)一致（根據(jù)圖表描述的事物的時間確定時態(tài)，無特定時間的用一般現(xiàn)在時）采用正式書面文體（避免Let’s

look

at…,Let

me

show

you,It

shows

us之類帶有口語性質(zhì)的描述客觀描述圖表，邏輯條理清晰，不增加個人主觀猜想Line

GraphPie

ChartBar

ChartPie

Chart圖表作文結(jié)構分成兩大類:描述類和描述+分析建議類1.題目只要求描述圖表類（見P6）開頭：概述圖表的主題思想和總體特點（2句左右）正文：用文字有條理地客觀描述圖表傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律。（可以分成兩三段）結(jié)尾：總結(jié)圖表的主要規(guī)律（1-2句）2.題目要求描述并分和提建議的(見P7)開頭：概述圖表主題思想，描述數(shù)據(jù)的總體特點并用數(shù)據(jù)支持，根據(jù)題目要求提出個人觀點（3-4句）正文：對個人觀點進行論述結(jié)論：總結(jié)、提建議或方案（2句）純描述類圖表作文(此文字數(shù)不足，如果是純描述類作文，圖表應該比這個復雜，比如會有兩條線，此文只用來展示作文結(jié)構)As

is

indicated

in

the

line

graph,

thenumber

of

car

accidents

in

Walton

cityfluctuated

during

the

year

of

1990.The

first

two

months

of

1990

showedan

increasing

trend.

⑶

The

rate

rose

to

32

inMarch

but

fell

to

26

in

June.

⑷

From

Juneon,

the

rate

was

rising

again

and

reachedthe

peak

point

39

in

August.

⑸

After

Augustthe

rate

began

to

decline

remarkably,

andeventually

dropped

to

the

lowest

point

16

atthe

end

of

the

year.⑹

Therefore,

it

is

obvious

that

the

firsteight

months

of

1990

witnessed

a

fluctuatedincrease

in

car

accidents

in

Walton

and

itwas

followed

by

a

trend

of

decline

in

caraccidents

in

the

last

four

months

of

the

year.⑴主題句/概述表格反映的內(nèi)容⑵—(5)反映交通事故的變化情況

(6)小結(jié)：總結(jié)表格數(shù)據(jù)反映的總趨勢圖表描述+分析建議類作文(1)

According

to

the

line

graph,

the

number

of

car

accidents

in

Walton

city

fluctuated

duringthe

year

of

1990.

(2)

From

January

to

March

of

1990,

the

car

accidents

increased

from

22

to

32but

fell

to

26

in

June.

⑷

From

June

on,

the

rate

was

rising

again

and

reached

the

peak

point

39in

August.

⑸

After

August

the

rate

began

to

decline

remarkably,

and

eventually

dropped

to

thelowest

point

16

at

the

end

of

the

year.

⑹

Therefore,

it

is

obvious

that

that

the

number

of

caraccidents

in

Walton

city

declined

in

1990.⑺There

are

several

reasons

for

the

decline.

⑻

First,

a

new

traffic

law

was

made

and

came

intoforce.

⑼

It

provided

August,

when

humidity

and

high

temperature

make

drivers

impatient

andeasily

lead

to

car

accidents,

dropped

steadily.

⑾

Second,

new

roads

were

built

and

some

narrowstreets

were

widened,

which

quickened

the

flow

of

traffic.

⑿

Finally,

the

city

administrationgreat

efforts

to

heighten

people’s

awareness

of

observing

traffic

rules.⒀

With

all

these

new

measures,

I’m

sure

the

rate

of

car

accidents

in

Walton

city

will

go

onfalling

this

year.⑺主題句⑻原因/措施一⑼解釋措施一/次要輔助⑽采取措施一后的結(jié)果⑾原因/措施二⑿原因/措施三(這部分的原因是根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)趨勢分析出來的)如何開頭：概述圖表主題思想和總體特點主題思想：根據(jù)圖表的標題和題干中的背景信息，改寫出這樣一句話：這個×××圖表描述了×××時間內(nèi)在×××地區(qū)×××對象的×××方面的信息。例如：(1)The

table

below

shows

social

and

economic

indicators

of

four

countries

in

1994,according

tUnited

Nations

statistics.The

given

table

provides

an

overview

of

social

and

economic

conditions

from

different

aspecin

four

countries,

namely,

Canada,

Japan,

Peru

and

Zaire

in

the

year

1994.The

given

table

provides

the

information

of

social

and

economic

conditions

in

four

countriein

the

year

1994.The

pie

chart

describes

the

distribution

of

population

in

Beijing

in

the

year

2016.這個圖表：The

table/pie

chart/bar

chart/line

graph/bar

chart/illustration/diagram描述：show,describe,offer

an

overview,present,compare（對比）,

indicate信息：寬泛的：information，data，figures；具體的：percentage，distribution，proportion如何開頭：概述圖表主題思想和總體特點2.概述圖表的總體特點:動詞+幅度sth.experience

a名詞there

was

a+幅度+名詞動詞：變化，波動：To

change,fluctuate(波動)增加，上漲：To

increase,climb,rise降低，減少：To

decrease,drop,decline平穩(wěn)，不變：To

remain

unchanged,stable;to

level

off幅度：大幅-wildly劇烈,sharply急劇，greatly，大幅小幅-slightly輕微,slowly緩慢，gradually逐漸，steadily穩(wěn)步，開頭主題思想的常用句型It

can

be

seen

from

the

table

that由表格我們可以看出The

table

shows

the

changes

in

the

number

of…

over

the

period

from…to…該表格展示了從…到…數(shù)據(jù)的變化The

table

provides

some

data

of…該表格提供了有關…的數(shù)據(jù)As

can

be

seen

clearly

from

the

table,從表格中我們可以清楚地看出，As

is

indicated

in

the

graph…正如圖形所示As

is

shown

in

the

chart…正如圖表顯示的As

is

illustrated/presented

in

the

diagram…正如圖表顯示…正文：抓住規(guī)律和重點，描述趨勢（參見沖擊波《英語專業(yè)4級全新改革題型寫作》P77-87）折線圖（通常橫軸是時間）：找最低點，最高點，找波動，上升，下降，平穩(wěn)等趨勢 餅圖：如果分塊少于5塊，可以按照從大到小的順序依次說，如果分塊大于5塊，可以按照大、中，小、其他來介紹。如果有比例差不多的，或比例相差特別懸殊的情況，可以提一下。柱狀圖：比較相同、差異如果橫軸有明顯的時間推移的話，應連接柱子頂點，重在描述柱子的升降起伏，寫法類似于線狀圖。如果無時間推移，則寫法和餅狀圖一樣。即按照各比較對象所占比例的高低寫，同時要注意各所占比例之間的比較。4. 表格：最多、最少，總體變化趨勢等描述增減變化常用的句型①

Compared

with

…,

…

is

still

increased

by

…②

The

number

of

…grew/rose

from

…to

…③

An

increase

is

shown

in

…;

then

came

a

sharp

increase

of

…④

In

…the

number

remains

the

same/drops

to

…There

was

a

very

slight

(small/slow/gradual)

rise/increase

in

1990.⑥

There

was

a

very

steady

(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/

dramatic)

drop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)

in

1998/

compared

with

that

of

…

year)結(jié)尾：It

is

clear

that…It

is

obvious

that…In

short…In

conclusion...備考建議看范文，熟悉各種圖表的圖例、橫軸縱軸的意義，熟悉書面語表達形式學習數(shù)據(jù)、百分比、比較級、最高級的一些相關表達法中間正文部分一定要注意邏輯順序和條理雅思的小作文是圖表題，可以看看雅思范文。三根以上柱形且多種趨勢：slightly

to

45%,

but

even

in

2000

they

were

the

biggesgroup.The

second

biggest

group

of

users

is

aged

between

31ordt7%

in%and

50.

They

made

up

41%

in

1998,

falling

slightly

to

32000.

When

combined

with

the

16-30

age

group,

over

94of

users

in

1998

were

between

16

and

50.However

this

number

is

dropping

steadily

as

more

children

and

older

users

log

on.

In

1999,

the

number

ofchildren

online

quadrupled

from

2%

to

8%,

and

it

continuedto

increase

in

2000.

There

were

similar

increases

for

olderusers,

rising

from

4%

in

1998

to

10%

in

2000.應對這樣的柱形圖，我們可以先描寫最長的那根柱的數(shù)據(jù)，也可以將最長的2根柱的數(shù)據(jù)放在一起描寫。以下我們就來看一個例子：題干：The

graph

shows

Internet

Usage

in

Taiwan

by

Age

Group,1998-2000.Summarize

the

information

byselecting

and

reporting

the

main

features,

and

make

comparisons

where

relevant.

The

graph

shows

changes

inthe

age

profile

of

Internet

users

in

Taiwan

between

1998

and

2000.范文：The

main

users

of

the

Internet

in

Taiwan

are

young

adultsbetween

16

and

30

years

old.

In

1998,

they

accounted

f

more

than

half

of

all

users.

In

1999

the

number

droppe橫軸為地點，交通工具等其他專有名詞：遇到這樣的情況，不管柱形有幾根，建議都可以按照長度從長寫到短，也可以先以描述總體趨勢作為突破口，如以下這個圖：The

graph

above

show

information

of

employment

rates

across

6

countries

in1995

and

2005.

Summarize

the

information

by

choosing

and

describe

the

main

idea,

and

make

comparisonswhere

appropriate.The

graph

shows

changes

in

employment

rates

in

six

countries

between

1995

and2005,

for

men

and

women.

Overall

more

and

more

people

of

working

age

are

employed,

and

there

have

been

significant

improvements

for

women,

although

theyleg

behind

men

in

entering

the

workforce.The

most

obvious

trend

in

the

graph

is

that

women

have

lower

employment

ratesin

most

of

the

countries

in

the

graph.

For

example,

in

Australia

in

1995,

57

percentof

men

could

find

work

or

retain

a

job,

but

only

27

percent

of

women.

The

difference

was

even

bigger

in

New

Zealand,

with

60

percent

of

women.

Even

inSwitzerland

and

Iceland,

slightly

more

men

than

women

were

in

the

job

market.The

second

biggest

trend

in

the

graph

is

the

improvement

in

employmentbetween

1995

and

2005.

In

all

countries

shown,

figures

for

both

men

and

womenimproved.

The

biggest

change

was

in

the

United

Kingdom,

from

55

percent

of

menin

1995

to

73

percent

over

the

ten

years

period.Furthermore,

the

increases

in

employment

rates

for

women

were

much

higher

inNew

Zealand.

The

percentage

of

working

women

jumped

from

25

percent

to

42percent,

and

in

the

United

States

from

45

percent

to

61

percent

over

the

decade.

In

conclusion,

all

the

countries

in

the

graph

showed

at

least

a

12

percent

increasein

employment

rates

of

both

men

and

women

over

the

ten

yeares.

While

men

hadrelatively

higher

employment

rate

throughout

the

period,

more

and

more

women

appear

to

be

entering

the