新疆和田地區(qū)于田縣2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版）

2022~2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期和田地區(qū)于田縣期中教學(xué)情況調(diào)研高三英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷包含選擇題和非選擇題兩部分．考生答題全部答在答題卡上，答在本試卷上無(wú)效．本次考試時(shí)間為90分鐘，滿分值為120分．2.答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)(考試號(hào))用書(shū)寫(xiě)黑色字跡的毫米簽字筆填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并用2B鉛筆將對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)字標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑．3.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑．如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案．答非選擇題必須用書(shū)寫(xiě)黑色字跡的毫米簽字筆寫(xiě)在答題卡上的指定位置，在其它位置答題一律無(wú)效．第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。ADon’tlikegettingoutoftheshoweroncoldmornings?Areyoufeelingthatcoldwindwhenworkingortryingtorelax?Thebiggestissuethatpeoplehaveisthefactthatmostoldfashionedheatersarebig,costalottorunandwasteenergy.Luckily,apanyhasrecentlyjustdevelopedaproductwhichsavesatonofpowerduringitsoperationandis,aboveall,smartandeasytouse!It’scalledHotixProandit’saverysmall,powerfulheaterthatconsumesmuchlessenergythanregularheaters.HowDoesHotixProWork?Theceramicelement(陶瓷零件)stayswarm30%longer,soitdoesn’thavetousemuchpowertoreheatoverandoveragain.ThefaninsideHotixProthensuckstheairoutthroughthehotceramicelementanddistributesitevenlythroughouttheroom!Itcanheataroomupto250squarefeetandmakeitwarmerinafewminutes,forjustpennies.WhatMakesItSoSpecial?Oneoftheamazingfeaturesithasistheprogrammabletimer.Youcanprogramitandwarmupyourbathroombeforeyouwakeup.Also,itsremotecontrollermakesitveryeasytoadjustthetemperature.Thepanyalsokeptsafetyinmindinthecreationprocess——theyaddedasensorwhichmakesHotixProstoppletelyifitbeestoohot.IsItWorthIt?Don’tletyourqualityoflifecontinuetosuffer.Saveonexpensiveenergycostsandkeepwarmduringthewinteranywhere!PurchaseHotixProathalfpricewithfreeworldwideshipping!1.WhatisthemainadvantageofHotixPro?A.Itisdelicate. B.Itisefficient. C.Itisbig. D.Itisfreeofcharge.2.HowdoesHotixPromakearoomwarm?A.Bykeepingahightemperatureitself.B.Bystoringtheheatinsideitsbigbody.CByheatingtheceramicelementagainandagain.D.Bytakingincoldairandgivingoffwarmair.3.Whatisaprogrammabletimerusedfor?A.Checkingthetemperatureautomatically.B.Adjustingthetemperaturefromadistance.C.TurningonoroffHotixProatthesettime.D.TurningoffHotixProwhentheroomistoohot.BTheAndlerHillclimbisanannualdirtbikepetitionthathasdirtbikersfromaroundEuropetry,toreachthetopofadangeroushillsidecourseinBelgium.It’sbeenheldeveryyearforthelasttwodecades,butsofar,noonehasbeenabletoreachthetop.Thesocalled“impossibleclimb”startsoutasroughgravelandthenswitchesovertoaroughunevencliff(懸崖)facedesignedtothrowridersoffandrollthemandtheirbikesbackdowntothebaseofthehill.It’snottheangleofthecoursethatistheproblem,accordingtomostriders,butthesuddenchangeofridesurfacethatmakeskeepingcontrolofthebikeandreachingthetopsohard.Someflyofftheirbikeearlyduringtheclimb.Whileothersgetpainfullyclosetothefinishline,yetintheendtheyallsuccumbtothepowerofgravity(重力)beforereachingtheirgoal.DespitegatheringthemosttalenteddirtbikersinEuropeatthestartlineeveryyear,theAndlerHillclimbhassofarremainedunconquered.TheclosestonetosuccesswasaSuzukibikeriderwhooncereportedlycrossedthefinishlinewiththefrontwheelbeforerollingbackdowntheslopeliketherestofthepetitors.Sadly,hisachievementdidn’tcountasavalidclimb,astheentirebikeanditsridermustmakeittothetopofthehill.WithsomanyridershavingfailedtoconquertheAndlerHillclimboverthelast20years,whyarepeoplestilltryingeveryyear?Whynotjustcalltheclimbimpossibleandstopit?Well,maybeithassomethingtodowiththebraggingrights(勝者為王)?Canyouimaginewhatitwouldbeliketobetheveryfirstdirtbikertoreachthetopofthisfamoushill?Incaseyouwanttotryyourluck,orifyousimplywanttoseethehillmakefoolsofdozensofdaredevils(蠻干者),thisyear’seventisscheduledforAugust.4WhatmakesitdifficultforbikerstoreachthetopoftheAndlerHillclimb?A.Thebikers’poorridingskills. B.Thesteepangleoftheslope.C.Theroughgravelroadsurface. D.Thesuddenchangesinridesurface.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“succumbto’’inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Giveinto. B.Breakthrough.C.Learnabout. D.Fightagainst.6.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinthethirdparagraph?A.Tocriticizethestrictrulesofthepetition.B.ToexpressregretovertheSuzukibikerider’sfailure.C.Toshowhowdifficultitistowinthepetition.D.Toexplainwhythepetitionispopularwithbikers.7.WhatdoweknowabouttheAndlerHillclimbfromthepassage?A.ItisthemostdangerousEuropeanpetition.B.ItisexpectedtobeheldinAugustthisyear.C.Itisattendedbytheworld’sbestdirtbikerseveryyear.D.Itaimstothrowridersandtheirbikesbackdownthehill.CAlthoughweliveinanerawhereeverythingseemstobeavailableimmediately,ourstudysuggeststhattoday’skidscandelaygratification(滿足感)longerthanchildreninthe1960sand1980s,“saidUniversityofMinnesotapsychologistStephanieM.Carlson.”Thisfindingstandsingreatcontrastwiththeassumptionbyadultsthattoday’schildrenhavelessselfcontrolthanpreviousgenerations.Theoriginalmarshmallow(棉花糖)testconductedbyresearchersatStanfordUniversityinvolvedaseriesofexperimentsinwhichchildrenagedbetween3and5yearswereofferedonetreatthattheycouldeatimmediatelyoralargertreatiftheywaited.Researchersthenlefttheroomtoseehowlongthechildrenwouldwaitandwatchedfrombehindaonewaymirror.Interestinglytoday'sadultsthoughtthatchildrennowadayswouldbemoreimpulsiveandlessabletowait,Carlsonfound."Ourfindingsserveasanexampleofhowourbeliefscanbewrongandhowit'simportanttodoresearch,”saidcoauthorYuichiShoda,PhDattheUniversityofWashington.Theresearchersofferedseveralpossibleexplanationsforwhychildreninthe2000swaitedlongerthanthoseinpriordecades.TheynotedastatisticallysignificantincreaseinIQscoresinthelastseveraldecades.Anotherexplanationmaybesociety'sincreasedfocusontheimportanceofearlyeducation,accordingtoCarlson.Theprimaryobjectiveofpreschoolchangedfromlargelycustodialcare(監(jiān)護(hù))toschoolreadinessinthe1980s.Parentingalsohaschangedinwaysthathelppromotethedevelopmentofexecutivefunction,suchasbeingmoresupportiveofchildren'sselfcontrol,theresearchersnoted.WalterMischelofColumbiaUniversity,whocoauthoredthispaper,notedthat“whiletheresultsindicatethatthechildren’sabilitytodelayisnotweakenedonthemarshmallowtest,thefindingsdonotspeaktotheirwillingnesstodelaygratificationwhenfacedwiththemanytemptationsnowavailableineverydaylife.”8.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheadults'assumptionabouttoday'schildren?A.Theyarenoteasytoplease.B.Theyarelessabletocontrolthemselves.C.Theydon'tlikethingsthatareeasytoget.D.Theyhavedifferentpersonalitiesfrompreviousgenerations.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impulsive"inParagraph3mean?A.productive B.considerateC.clearminded D.hotheaded10Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutchildreninthe2000s?A.Theyaremorepreparedtogotoschool.B.Theyarenotascleveraspreviousgenerations.C.Theyaretaughtselfcontrolonlybytheirteachers.D.Theydon’tneedanycustodialcareintheirearlychildhood.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellreadersinthelastparagraph?A.Mostchildrennowadayscan'tresistthetemptationsofeverydaylife.B.Childrenchosetodelaygratificationwillinglyinthemarshmallowtest.C.Thetestcan’taccuratelymeasurechildren'swillingnesstodelaygratification.D.Children’sabilitytodelaygratificationisweakenedbecausetherearemanytemptations.DImagineyou’reatapartyfullofstrangers.You’renervous.Whoarethesepeople?Howdoyoustartaconversation?Fortunatelyyou’vegotathingthatsendsoutenergyattinychipsineveryone’snametag.Thechipssendbackname,job,hobbies,andthetimeavailableformeetingwhatever.Makingnewfriendsbeessimple.Thishasn’tquitehappenedinreallife.ButtheworldisalreadyexperiencingarevolutionusingRFIDtechnology.AnRFIDtagwithatinychipcanbefixedinaproduct,underyourpet’sskin,evenunderyourownskin.PassiveRFIDtagshavenoenergysourcebatteriesbecausetheydonotneedit.Theenergyesfromthereader,ascanningdevice,thatsendsoutenergy(forexample,radiowaves)thatstartsupthetagimmediately.Suchatagcarriesinformationspecifictothatobject,andthedatacanbeupdated.Already,RFIDtechnologyisusedforrecognizingeachcarortruckontheroadanditmightappearinyourpassport.Doctorscanputatinychipundertheskinthatwillhelplocateandobtainapatient’smedicalrecords.AtanightclubinParisorinNewYorkthesamechipgetsyouintotheVIPsectionandpaysforthebillwiththewaveofanarm.Takeastepback:10or12yearsago,youwouldhaveheardabouttheingageofputing.Oneexamplealwaysseemedtosurface:Yourrefrigeratorwouldknowwhenyouneededtobuymoremilk.Theconceptwasthatputerchipscouldbeputeverywhereandsendinformationinasmartnetworkthatwouldmakeordinarylifesimpler.RFIDtagsareasmallpartofthisphenomenon.“Theworldisgoingtobealooselycoupledsetofindividualsmalldevices,connectedwirelessly,”predictsDr.J.Reich.Humanrightsupportersarenervousaboutthepossibilitiesofsuchtechnology.ItgoestoofartrackingschoolkidsthroughRFIDtags,theysay.Weimagineaworldinwhichabeerpanycouldfindoutnotonlywhenyouboughtabeerbutalsowhenyoudrankit.Andhowmanybeers.Acpaniedbyhowmanybiscuits.WhenMarconiinventedradio,hethoughtitwouldbeusedforshiptoshoremunication.Notforpopmusic.WhoknowshowRFIDandrelatedtechnologieswillbeusedinthefuture.Here’sawildguess:Notforbuyingmilk.12.Thearticleisintendedto.A.warnpeopleofthepossiblerisksinadoptingRFIDtechnologyB.explainthebenefitsbroughtaboutbyRFIDtechnologyC.convincepeopleoftheusesofRFIDtechnologyD.predicttheapplicationsofRFIDtechnology13.WeknowfromthepassagethatwiththehelpofRFIDtags,people.A.willhavenotroublegettingdataaboutothersB.willhavemoreenergyforconversationC.willhavemoretimetomakefriendsD.won’tfeelshyatpartiesanylonger14.WhyaresomepeopleworriedaboutRFIDtechnology?A.Becausechildrenwillbetrackedbystrangers.B.Becausemarketpetitionwillbeemorefierce.C.Becausetheirprivateliveswillbegreatlyaffected.D.Becausecustomerswillbeforcedtobuymoreproducts.15.ThelastparagraphimpliesthatRFIDtechnology.A.willnotbeusedforsuchmattersasbuyingmilkB.willbewidelyused,includingforbuyingmilkC.willonlybeusedforbuyingmilkD.willprobablynotbewidelyused第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)Weallknowaboutthehealthbenefitsofswimming.Itoffersagreatworkouttothebody—itbuildsendurance,musclestrengthandcardiovascular(心血管的)fitness.____16____Manypeoplefeelthatswimmingisveryexcitingandrelaxing.Coldwaterswimming—sometimescalledwildswimming—involvesswimminginnaturalareasincludingponds,riversandthesea.Jumpingincoldwatergivesashortsharpshocktothebody.____17____Acolddipmightwakeyouup,butresearchhasfounditcanhavemuchbiggerbenefitsthanthoseforyourbodyandmind.Aswellasbeinggoodexercise,coldwaterswimmingimproveswellbeing.____18____Onemanwhosufferedconstantpainaftersurgeryclaimedhewascuredbytakingaswimincoldopenwater.Andanotherswimmer,SandriaSimons,toldtheBBC“theimmersionofyourbodyincold,saltwater,justfeelinglikeyou’reatonewithnatureifyoulike,justfeelsamazing.”Whatisitthatpeoplearegainingfromthiscoldexperience?Doctorssaygettingintocoldwatermakesastressresponse,butthemoreyoudoit,yourreactiontostressisreduced.____19____Inaddition,coldwaterswimmingcanexerciseswimmers’willpower.Buttherearebiggerbenefitsofthisstressreducingexercise.Someexpertsbelievecoldwaterswimminghelps“crossadaptation”,whereoneformofstresspreparesthebodyforanother.____20____So,ifyou’reconvincedthatthisisforyou,takeadvice:approachitwithcaution,swimwithafriend,andmaybestartinsummer,whenthewatertemperaturesarehigher.A.Coldwaterswimmingisbeneficialtopeople.B.Ifyoudon’tmindgettingwet,itcanbefun,too.C.However,manyparticipantssattheygetusedtoit.D.It’salsothoughttostrengthenourdigestivefunction.E.Weallknowexercisecanmakepeoplelivealonglife.F.Coldwaterswimmingcancurecertainconditions.G.Forexample,ithelpsreducethestressofexercisingathighaltitudes.第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題，每小題分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,aprofessor(教授)enteredhisclassroomandaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theyallwaitedanxiouslyattheirdesksforthe____21____tobegin.Theprofessor____22____theexampaperswiththetextfacingdownasusual.Oncehehandedthemallout,heaskedthestudentsto____23____thepapers.Toeveryone’s____24____,therewerenoquestions—justablack____25____inthecentreofthepaper.Theprofessor,seeingthe____26____oneveryone’sfaces,toldthemthefollowing:“Iwantyoutowriteaboutwhatyouseethere.”Thestudents,confused,gotstartedontheverytask.Atthe____27____oftheclass,theprofessortookalltheexams,____28____eachoneofthemloudinfrontofallthestudents.Allofthem,____29____exception,describedtheblackdot(小圓點(diǎn)),tryingtoexplainitspositioninthecenterofthesheet.Afterallhadbeenread,theclassroom____30____,theprofessorstartedtoexplain:“I’mnotgoingto____31____youonthis;Ijustwanttogiveyousomethingtothinkabout.Noonewroteaboutthe____32____partofthepaper.Everyonefocusedontheblackdot—andthesamething____33____inourlives.However,weinsiston____34____onlyontheblackdot—thehealthissuesthattroubleus,the____35____ofmoney,theplicated(復(fù)雜的)friendshipwithafamilymember,the____36____withafriend.Thedarkspotsarevery____37____whenparedtoeverythingwehaveinourlives,____38____theyaretheonesthatpolluteourminds.Takeyoureyes____39____fromtheblackdotsinyourlives.Enjoyeachoneofyourblessings,eachmomentthatlifegivesyou.Be____40____andlivealifefilledwithlove!”21.A.class B.exam C.lesson D.lecture22.A.putout B.carriedout C.leftout D.handedout23.A.turndown B.turnout C.turnover D.turnto24.A.anger B.surprise C.sorrow D.joy25.A.dot B.mark C.sign D.cross26.A.explanations B.expressions C.looks D.smiles27.A.end B.beginning C.half D.middle28.A.showing B.writing C.drawing D.reading29.A.with B.including C.beyond D.without30.A.bright B.noisy C.crowded D.silent31.A.matter B.grade C.excuse D.follow32.A.black B.white C.central D.most33.A.appears B.arrives C.es D.happens34.A.focusing B.questioning C.agreeing D.watching35.A.sum B.desire C.number D.lack36.A.happiness B.amazement C.disappointment D.enjoyment37.A.great B.big C.small D.important38.A.or B.but C.so D.besides39.A.away B.out C.off D.down40.A.healthy B.generous C.happy D.lovely第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthepastfewyears,severalInternetbuzzwords(流行語(yǔ))havegonepopular,“____41____(hero)inharm’sway”;“l(fā)yingflat”,“neijuan”____42____(include).Once____43____ambassadortotheUnitedStatestoldapersonalstorytoexplainwhythegovernmentintroducedapolicytoaddressneijuan,or“involution”,abuzzword____44____(mean)irrational(非理性的)orinvoluntarypetition,whichmakespeoplefeelburnedoutwheninmostcasesthere’refewonesinparticular____45____(petence).“Istillremembersome10yearsago,myweekendswerespent____46____(rush)mykidfromonetrainingschooltoanother,andthecourseshetookrangedfrommathtophysics,”hesaid.Andafterawholedayofclasses,atutorcametohishomeintheevening.Whenthetutoringsessionfinished,hehimselfstillhadtohelphisson____