2023年6月英語六級真題及參考答案

2023年6月英語六級真題及參考答案

六級試卷采用多題多卷形式，大家核對答案時，找準具體選項內(nèi)容，忽略套數(shù)！

網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合版：

聽力第一套

ConversationOne

M:HiLily,how，sthenewapartment?

W:It'sokay.

M:What?Howcanitbejustokaywhenlastweekyouwerethrilledabouttheplace

andkeptnostingphotosofitonline?

W:Well,[1]lastweekwhenfmovedin,theapartmentseemedcozy,justtheright

sizeforoneperson.Butnowitjustseemstiny,shabbyandsolitary.

M:Althat'stheproblem.Youmissyourroommatesfromuniversity,don，tyou?

W:I,mgoingtosoundlikeGidiot[2]becauselusedtocomplaintoyouallthe

timeabouthowcrowdedourdormitoryroomwas,andaboutallthethingstheydidto

irritateme,likewatchingmovieslateatnightwithoutheadphones,ortalkingloudly

earlyinthemorning.ButnowImissthemterribly.

M:Ofcourseyoudo.That'sperfectlynormal.WhenIgotmyfirstplace,Iremember

thinkingIcouldtiwaittolivebymyselfandgetawayfrommyjuvenileroommates

andalltheirannoyipghabits.[3]Butthenbeganissingthemandfeelinglonelyand

thinkingthatourdormitorywaslikeparadise.Eventhoughthereweresixofusguys

inonesmallroom.

W:Ithoughtitwasjustmwhoreltlikethiat.

M:Look,youlivedathomewithus.Andthenyouhadthreeroommates.Andthis

isyourfirsttimelivingalone.SoihardButyourfirstapartmentisamilestone

inyourlife.Andyoushouldcelebrateit.Tellmeabouttheapartment.

W:Actually,it'snotbad.Infact,it*sprettyadorable.NowthatIhave

decorateditandithasetrjthingIneed.Ihaveakitchentocookinthebathroom

al!tomyself.Andthenanothesroomwithmybedatoneendandthesofa,asmalltable

andchairsattheCherend.

M:Thatdoessoundadorable,and[4]Ican，twaittoseeit.Andneithercanmom

anddad.

Question1:Whatwasthewoman'sfirstimpressionoftheapartment?

Question2:Whydoesthewomansayshe'sgoingtosoundlikeanidiot?

Question3:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanwhenheleftthedormitorytolive

onhisown?

Question4:Whatisthemansayhecan，twaittodo.

W:Welcometoourprogrambooktalk.Q5.ourgyesttodayisFrankjonesiditicbf

oureducationsystemandtheauthorofnewbook,Howtoreformouruniversitres.

M:Hello,Susan.

W:Frank,yousupportradicallychanginguniversitiesinAmerica.Yes.

Q6.Ibelievethatthepurposeofhighereduadgrefoprepareyoungpeopletoenter

theworkforceandthatourcurrentsystemfailstodothis,We'reallocatingtoomany

resoudisciplinesthatdon'tmatchtheneedsofemployers.

W:IthinkyourattitudetoeducationisabitcynicalFrank.Surelythepurpose

ofuniversityistoprepareyoungpeopletoparticipatefullyincivicliferather

thanjusttofindwellpaidjobs.

M:Susan,manyyounggraduatesstruggletofindanyjobletaloneagoodone.

Thejobmarkcisgrim.Particulaniiorstudentswhostudythearts.Iagreethatitisn't

easyforyoungrgegpletofindwork,butyouproposeclosingdownaltdepartmentsthat

aren'tdirectly

relatedtoscienceandtechnology.Isthatreallythesolution?

M:You'reoverstatingmypaint.Q7.Myargumentisthatweneeditusemoerof

ourbudgetonareaslikescienceandengineering.Todothat,weneedtotakemoney

fromsubjectslikeliteratureandmusic

W:Q8,Buttheartshavevalue.They'reanimportantpartofourculture,studying

literatureormusicorsculpturemightnotresultinajobinthataeButithelps

youngpeopletothinkabouttheworldina.deeperway,whichmakesthembcitizens

andmakesforabettersociety.

M:1agreethattheartsarevaluabletosociety,butit'snaivetothinkthat

notonlytkmiosttalented,butallstudentsshouldstudythematuniversitylevel.

Theoddsareverycompetitive,andmostgraduateswillendupwithagreatdealof

debt,obtainingadegreethathaslittlevalueonthejobmarket.

Question5.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversationabouttheman?

Question6.WhatdoesthemanbelieveistheproblemwiththecurrentAmerican

SystemofHigherEducation?

Question7.Howshouldtheeducationbudgetbeallocatedaccordingtotheman?

Question8.Whatdoesthewomansaytheartscando?

PassageOne

Doyoueverhavetheannoyingfeetingthatyoudon，thavetimetoreally

thinkanyniore?You'renotalone.[Q9]Avarietdtdrshaveconspiredtorobusoftime

forreflectionourselvesandourlives.

preoccupiedmindsarerarelySilent.Theaveragepersonreceiveshundredsof

textsandvoicemessagesaday.Andholidaysformanyofusareaction-packedweeks

morelikelyful1offamilyactivitiesthanopportunitiesfortranquilityand

contemplation.[Q10]Regularreflection,howe,underliesallgreatprofessionals.

It'saprerequisiteforyoutorechargeyourmentalbatteries.Seethingsina

newlightandtapintoyourcreativity.

AlmostallofthegreatadvisorsthatIhavestudiedhavefoundwaystogetaway

fromitallandcontemplatetheirlifeandwork.Someresearchersinthefieldof

creativity,infact,believethatinsightoccursduringthereflectionandrelaxation

thatfollowsaCeriodofintenseactvity.

Scheduleyourtimeforreflectionaboutyourworkoraparticularproiectyou're

engagedin.Iusuallybiockouthalfanhour.Don，tanswerthephone.Pushyourpapers

totheside.Sketch,makelists,drawmindmapsofideasthatcometoyou.Attheend,

writedownanyemergingideas.

Whenyou'realone,stopworryingandthink.Alotofourdowntimeisspentworrying

abouttroublescnethihgsinourlivesorfantasizingaboathowwe'dlikeourlives

tobe.[QI1]Revisitthingsduringmomentsofrelaxationafteraperiodnofintense

work.Thisiswhenwearethemostcreative.

Question9Whatdowelearnaboutthefeelingthatonedoesn，theeitimetothink

anymore?

Questica10Whattraitdoallgreatprofessionalsshare?

Question11Whatissomeresearchersbelieveisconducivetocreativeideas?

PassageTwo

hadpostofficesThefirstopenedin1859inasettlementfoundedbymigrants

searchingforgold,Lifecouldbeunpredictableoutwest.Goldfailedtoappear.

Droughtruinedfarmers,andsettlersclashedwith_NativeAmericans.

Onthesettlement'slocationnowstandsasprawlingUniversitycampus.Amidall

thechanges,onefeatureremainedconstant:thepostalservice.Themapstracing

America，swestwardexpansionaretellingin1864therewerefewpostatbrancheson

landcontrolledbyNativeAmericans,whichstillaccountedformostoftheWest.Over

thenext25years,postofficesgrewquickly.Colonization，oftheWestcouldbe

regardedasaresultofbiggovernmentratherthanpioneers.[13]Asfederalsubsidies

andlandgrantstemptedpeopleintothedesertsandplains,thepostkeptthem

connected.

Inthemid-19thcentury,thePostOfficeDepartmentwasfarfroma

centralizedbureaucracy.Tokeepupwithmigrationpatterns,postalserviceswere

addedtoexistingbusinesses.

[14]Thefederalgovernmentcommissionedprivatewagonsthemail.Shortterm

contractsweregrantedtolocalbusinessmantoactaspostmasters.Thesepartnerships

enabledthemai1toquicklyfollowmigrantshelpingknittogetherremotepartsofthe

country.

Mr.Bellavance,adigitalhistorian,wroteabookonthehistoryoftheUSpostal

service.

[15]Heusedthedatasciencetoanalyzehistoricaltrends,Moststrikingly

hebuiltanaccompanyingwebsite,complekw;Tinteractivemaps.Theyshow

readers-howwithinagenerationthepostalservicehelpedcolonizeacontinent.These

onlineinteract]vemapsillustratetheformativepowerofsnailmai1.

Q12WhatdoesthepassagesayAboutColoradobeforeitbecameastate?

Q13HowdidthepostalservicecontributetoAmerica，swestwardexpansion?

Q14Whatdidthefederalgovernment:dotomeettheincreasingdemandforthe

postalserviceintheWest?

Q15WhatdidMr.BellavancedotostudythehistoryoftheUSpostalservice?

聽力演講1

Inlastweek'slecture,wediscussedreasonswhypeopleforgetthings.Thisweek

wewilldiscussasurprisingreasonwhywemightremembersomethings,anxiety.Think

aboutsomethingassimpleasbuyingacoffee.Thatmaynotseemlikeanexperience

thatwouldmakeadeepimpressiononyourmemory.Butanxietycouldchangethat.

Q16.Infact,anewstudysuggeststhatpeoplewithhigheranxietylevelsmight

remembertertaininformationbetterthanpeoplewithloweranxietylevels.

That'sbecausehigherlevelsofanxietymaymakepeoplemoresusceptibleto

negativefeelings,

puttingtheminamorenegativestateofmind.Thatinturn,maymakethemable

tobetterremembersomeevents.Let'stakeacloserlookatthatnewstudynow.Q17.

Inthisstudy,tseardhersstartedbygiving80undergraduatestudentsananxietytest.

Thetestmeasuretheparticipantsanxietylevelsovertheproceedingtwoweeks.

Then,totestmemory,theparticipantswereshownaseriesofneutralwordsone

atatime.Someofthewordswereprintedontophotosofnegativescenes,meaning

imagesthatcouldaffecttheiremotionsnegatively,suchasaphotoofacaraccident,

oracemetery.Therestofthewordswereprintedontophotosofneutralscenes,such

asaphotoofalakeortrees.Neutralwordsincludedwordsliketableordeskthat

don'telicitemotion.

Later,theparticipantswereaskedtothinkbacktothewordstheywereshown

earlier,whichcausedthemtoreentereitheranegativeorneutralmindset.The

participantswerethenpresentedwithanothersetofneutralwords,andtheirmemory

ofthesenewwordswastested.

Theresearchersfoundthatthenewwordspresentedtopeopleinanegative

mindsetwerebetterrememberedbypeoplewithhigherlevelsofanxietythanthosewith

lowerlevelsofanxiety.

Inotherwords,whenhighlyanxiousindividualstookinotherwiseemotionally

neutralinformationthatwaspresentedtothem,itbecamecoloredbytheirnegative

mindset,makingthemremembertheinformationbetter.Butthesesameeffectswere

notseeninpeoplewithlowlevelsofanxiety.

Q18.Previousstudieshavefoundthatextremeevelsofanxietysuchasthose

experiencedbypeoplediagnosedwithananxietydisordercanbequitedetrimentalto

memoryandcognitiveperformanButthehighlyanxiouspeopleinthisstudyrepresent

individualswhoaremanagingtheiranxietyandforwhomanxietyisnot.a

seriousproblem.

Question16.Whatdoesthespeakersaythenewstudysuggests?

Question17.Whatdidresearchersdofirstinthenewstudy?

Question18.Whatdowelearnfrompreviousstudiesabout1anxiety?

Overthepast20years,theuternethasgraduallybecomeadominantfeatureof

ourlives.Ithaschangedhowwecommunicatewitheachother.Andithasdefinitely

transformedthewaywedobusinesswitheachother:Marketinghasalsochangedina

numberofways.

Forinstance,inthepast,consumershadtocallaphonenumberandpatiently

waitonholdinordertogettheinformationtheywanted.

[Q19]Today,theywanttheinformationimmediately.They'11gotothecompany's

sociaLmediapdcnifostcommentsandquestionsexpectingtoreceiveanimmediate

response.Iftheydon，tgettheirquestionsansweredsoonthey'11moveonto

anothercompanythatwillanswerthemquickly.

Marketingdepartmentstodayneedtofollowtechnologicaldevelopment.

Forexample,thisyearsmartphoneissmarterthanlastyears,sfarivingcarsarenow

ontheroad.Marketershavetodoresearchonwhichtechncingies:arecominginto

bsing,otherwise,theyriskbeingleitbehindinthevirtualdust.

Marketinghasalsochangedduetotheimportanceofvideo.Peopledon，tjustwant

toreadtext.Theywaittowatchthingshappening.Companiesnowhavetoexplorehow

theycanusevideoonaconsistentbasistoshareinformationabouttheir

sinesses.Fortunately,it'sextremelyeasyto

shootsomethingthesedays.Allyouneedisasmartphone.

Butwhat'stheresultofallthis?Shorteraitentionspans?Wearen'tthe

samepeoplethatwewere20yediago.Notonlyhavewegrownaccustomedtogettingthe

informationwewantinstantaneously,ourattentionspansaremuchshorter.If

somethingdoesn，tcaptulcourattentionwithinafew

seconds.We'reontothenextpieceofcontent.[Q20]Marketersneedtofigureout

waystospeakdirectlytothecustomer'semotionsandtheyneedtofigureouthow

todothatasquicklyaspossible.Oncepeopleareemotional1yengaged,they'11stick

withyou.

Ifmarketingihaschangedthismuchinthepast20years,imaginewhatthenext

20yearswillbringliairecentsurvey,only9%ofmarketerscouldsaywithconfidence

thattheirmarketingeffortswereactuallyworking.Theirconfidenceisbeingshaken

becausetherulesofthegamechangeeveryyear.That'swhy[Q21]it,simportantfor

marketerstopayattentiontothelatesttechnologicaldevelandconsider

collaboratingwithtechnologicalinnovators.Thatway,they'11bemovingatthesame

paceasthetechindustry.

Question19Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttoday，sconsumers?

Question20Howdomarketerscaptureconsumers'attentionasquicklyaspossible?

Question21Whatdoesthespeakersuggestmarketersdotomeetfuturechailetes?

演講3

Youmightbesurprisedtolearnthat[Q22]thebenefitsoffriendshipsextend

beyondpeople's

sociallifeandintotheirwork,whichisinterestingwhencdlilitheextentto

whichpeople

sacrificefriendships,oratleastthetimetheyspendwithfriendsbecauseof

theexteedihairsthey，redevotingtowork.Justlastweek,rwasremarkingtoa

colleaguethatI'mcontentwithonlyonesocialengagementperweek.Butaccording

torecentresearch,that*sevidentlynotenough.

Inaninitialstudyofmorethan700respondents,scholarsfromanAmerican

university[Q23]analyzetheimrfthst:fiendsasopposedtofamilyhaveonseidem

Jahdwell-being.Friendscameoutsubstantiallyontop.That，sbecausetobe

someone'smateisavoluntaryact.Unlikefamilywhopeoplerarelygettochoose.

Theresearchersfoundthatwhenpeoplechoosetocultivateandmaintainsupportive

friendshipswithanindividual,itmeansthatthepersonisvaluedandworthyoftheir

limitedtime.Suchsentimentsofvalueandworthinessboostourself-esteem.

Thesecondstudycomprisedmorethan300participants.Itprovedthatthebetter

wefeelaboutourselves,themorelikelywewillperformourjobconfidentlyand

competently.Thisfollow-upstudyfoundthat[Q24]non-workfriendseven

improvedpeople，sjobsatisfaction.Theyhaveasmuchofanimpactonhowmuchthey

lovetheirjobs,asdothefriendstheyhaveatwork,despitenotactuallybeingat

ourplaceofwork.Thesetypesoffriendstendtobeourpreferredoutletfonni

aboutwork-relatedmattersyThisisanavenuethatmaynotbeavailableattheoffice.

Soeventhoughfriendshipscanbeeasytoneglectwhenconfronted-bypressures

atwork,orevenpressuresathome,neglectingourfriendscanturnouttobeharmful

andcounterproductive.That'swhywhendetermininghowtocreateabetterwork-life

balance,weneedtoconsidernotonlyhowtobalanceworkandfamilydemands,but

alsohowtocultivateandsustainsupportivefriendships.It，sforemployeesfor

flexibleworkarrangements.It's

irrelevantwhethertheirneedforadesiredscheduleisduetosay,parenting

responsibilities,oracravingtohangoutwiththeirbestmate.Whatmattersisthe

opportunitytoengageinanourishingactiyityoutsideofwork.Thatwilldefinitely

haveafollow-oneffectatwork.

Q22Whatdoesthespeakersayisinteresting?

Q23WhatdidresearchersfromanAmericanuniversityanalyzeintheirinitial

study?

Q24Whatdidthesecondstudyfindaboutmon-workfriends?

Q25Whatdoesthespeakersuggestmanagersdo?

參考答案:

1.A)Sheisdrawntoitsintegrationofdesignandengineering.

2.D)Throughhardwork.

3.C)Itislong-lasting.

4.A)Computerscience.

5.B)Heiswellknowntothepublic.

6.D)Serveasapersonatassistant.

7.D)Hehaslittlepreviousworkexperience.

8.C)Hehasahighproficiencyinseverallanguages.

9.A)Theyhavefewerrulesandpressures.

10.D)Theydeprivekidsoftheopportunitytodevelopteamspirit.

11.C)Letthemparticipateinsomelessriskyoutdooractivities.

12.B)Techfirmsintentionallydesignproductstohaveshortlifespans.

13.C)Listarepairabilityscoreoftheirproduct.

14.D)Taketheinitintivetoreduceelectronicwaste.

15.A)Itcanbesolved.

16.B)Howtopreventemployeesfromcyberloafing.

17.C)Cyberloafingmayrelieveemployeesofstress.

18.A)Takingmini-breaksmeansbetterjobperfontance.

19.D)Therewerenotrees.

20.B)Hefoundedanewspaperandusedittopromotehisideas.

21.B)ThestategovernmentdeclaredittheofficialArborDay.

22.B)TheymovedouofAfricaabout60,000yearsago.

23.D)ThediscoveryoftwomodernhumanteethinChina.

24.A)Theremusthavebeensomereasonforhumanmigration.

25.D)WhatpathmodernhumanstooktomigrateoutofAmerica.

聽力第二套

convo1

M:Haveyoudecidedwhatyouwishtostudy?

W:YesprofessorIwishtostudyarchitecture

M:Ah.that'sawonderfulprofession.Whydidyouchooseit?

W:Igavealotofthoughttothingsyousaidduringourlastdiscussion,andIdecidedarchitecturemade

themostsenseforme.(01)InparticularJ'mattractedtothemarriageofdesiqnandenqineerinq.

M:That'sgreatButIseemtorememberyouwerepreoccupiedwithalltheloftymathematicsYouno

longerthinkthisaspectwillbetoohardforyou

W:No.IwasdoingsomeonlineresearchandIthinkIshouldbeabletomanageMathmightbethe

toughestsubjectIencounterinthecurriculum(02)butI'llsimplyputintheworkrequired.I'm

certainthefruitsofmylaborwillpayoff.

M:I'msurethat'strue.Duetoitsmaterialnature,architectureisonefieldwhereyou'llbeabletoclearly

wrtnessthecontributionyoumaketoacity.(03)Andtheleqaciesyoubuildwilllastmuchlonger

thananyofusmortals.

M:Yeah.Iguessthafstruetoo.SowhatsubjectsdoyouthinkIshouldstartbrushinguponin

preparation?Ihavethewholesummer

M:Thesedays,architectureisaverydiverseanddynamicdegree.Mostuniversitieswillencourageyou

toleamdifferentthingsfromfieldsaswiderangingasphilosophyandeconomics.Nevertheless.Iwould

suggestyoustartwithcomputersciencebecausetherewillbemanyintricatevisualsyouwillhaveto

produceaspartofyourprojects

W:AnysoftwareinparticularyouthinkIshouldstartwith?

MPhotoshopisagoodplaceIfyouaren'tyettrytobecomeasproficientasyoucanwithit.And

anotherthingthatIwouldrecommendyou(04)leamasmuchrsYOUcanisfineartsInparticular,the

historyofwesternart

Q1Whydoesthewomanwishtostudyarchitecture?

Q2.Howdoesthewomansayshewillovercomethedifficultyinlearningmathematics?

Q3Whatdoesthemansayaboutarchitect'scontributiontoacity?

Q4Whatsubjectdoesthemansuggestthewomanstartwith?

convo2

W:SoasImentionedoverthephone,wearelookingforsomeonewhoisverydiscreetIcan!stress

thisenough.

M:Ifullyunderstand

W:(05)Asweallknow,beinqsuchafamousfootballplayeratRealMadrid.Mr.Sanchezhasa

veryhighpublicprofile.Thismeanshecannotleavethehousewithoutbeingrecognizedand

harassed

M:YesIcompletelyunderstandhowimperativeitwouldbetorespectMrSanchezsprivatelife.

W'Good(06)Ashispersonalassistant,youwouldberequiredtoruncommoneverydaychores

forMr.Sanchezthingshecannotdohimselfduetohisfame,likegoingtothesupermarketorpost

officeSowhileatfirstsight,itmayappearthatworkingforacelebrityisveryglamorous,nothingcould

befurtherfromthetruthI'mtellingyouthissothatyoudon'tgetanyfalseexpectationsofwhatthejob

hastoofferyou

M:Thanks.IunderstandthistooThisismyfirstjobaftergraduatingfromuniversity,sofrankly(07)I

dorfthavemuchpriorworkinqexperience.Iam.however,veryexcitedabouttheprospectofjoining

thiscompanyandverykeentostartfromthebottominwhatevercapacityImaybeofuse

W:Thafsgoodtohear.Yousoundveryenergetic.Tellme.whydoyouthinkyouarewelksuitedforthis

job?

M:Well,firstly,Ilovefootball.I'malifelongRealMadridsupporterandgototheirgamesevery

weekendIcan.Iwouldsimplylovetohaveajobwherel*minvolvedinsomecapacitywithReal

Madrid,regardlessofthepositionandsalary.Andsecondly,Ithinkwhatthiscompanydoesin

sportsconsultancyisverycool,andIthinkmylanguageskillscouldproveveryusefuldownthe

road.

WPleasetellmemoreaboutyourlanguageskills.

(08)M:I'mfullvfluentinEnglishandSpanishandhaveaworkinamoficiencvinFrench.

Q5.WhatdowelearnfromtheconversationaboutMr.Sanchez?

QfWhatwillthemandoifhegetsthejob?

Q7.Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself?

Q;Whydoesthemanthinkheisaverycompetitivecandidate?

Passage1

AdventuresportsareundeniablyattractivetomanyenergeticandthrillseekingkidsSportslikerock

climbing,surfing,skiing,andmountainbiking,thushavelotsofappeal.(09)Theydon'thavemanyof

theMesandpressuresoftraditionalteamSDorts.buttheystillhaveallthebenefitsofoutdoor

physicalactivity.Whenproperlysupervised,extremesportscanbeapartofahealthy,balancedlife

Someadventuresportsmaybeassociatedwithhighrisksofinjury.Soit'simportantforkidstofigureout

whentotakerisksandwhennottoRisk-freeactivitiesdeprivekidsoftheopportunitytotestthemselves

andovercometheirfears.Buttosome,theseveryrisksarewhatmakesthesesportsabadchoice.They

saythatextremesportscanoftenleadtodevastatinginjuries,especiallyasyoungthrillseekersmay

attemptfeetthataretooadvancedforthem.Butlet'sbereal.Mostkidsdoallkindsofdangerousstuff,

whetheryouwantthemtoornot.Adventuresportshavemanyofthesamerisksanddangersbut(10)

theyhaveanadditionalsenseofadventure,courage,andautonomythatisimportanttofosterin

vounqchildren.Asalways,it'suptoparentstodecidewhatsbestfortheirkids.youdo

decidethatadventuresportsareabittoomuch,dotrytointroduceotherformsofoutdoor

adventuresintotheirlives.Campingunderthestars.fishing,stargazing,orevenjustplayinginthe

woods,canhelpalotinbuildingthesamesenseofself-confidenceandrisktakingasinadventure

sports

Q9.Whydoextremesportsappeaitomanykids?

Q10.Whatdoesaspeakersayaboutrisk-freeactivities?

Q1'Whatshouldparentsdoiftheydecideadventuresportsareabittoomuchfortheirkids?

Passage2

Theshinygadgetsoftodaywillbewastetomorrow.Manufacturersdon'ttalkmuchaboutthiswhenthey

announcethebignewthingthatwillreplaceyourmostlyjustasgoodoldthingInfact,technology

firmsoftenpurposelydesigndevicesthatwillnotlastlongandcannotberepairedSothat

consumerswillhavetospendtheirmoneyonanewoneThisyeartheFrenchgovernmentbegan

requiringtechmanufacturerstolistarepairabiityscore

Ifadevicecanberepaired,thenrtslifecanbeextendedsavingconsumersmoneyandtheplanet,the

burdenofsomanytrashedgadgetsEquippedwiththisknowledge,consumerscanmakebetterchoices

aboutwhichproductstobuySome59milliontonsofoldTVs.computers,screens,smartphones,

washers,andotherelectronicsarediscardedeveryyear.

ThiswasteisdangerousBatteriesexplodeinrecyclingfacilitiesToxicsubstanceslikemercuryleak

intosoilandgroundwateranddisperseintheair.ManufacturingFlatscreensaddgreenhouse

gasestotheatmosphere.Weneedtechcompaniestotaketheleadtosolvethisproblem.Ifthey

wontgovernmentsmustmakethemdoso.

Althoughtechcompanieswilloftenspeakofenvironmentalsustainabiity.manylobbyagainstrepair

legislationfearfulit'lleatintotheirprofitsSustainabilitymatters,butmarketabledesignappearsto

mattermoretothesecompaniesConsumersshouldsupportrighttorepairlegislation.

Inthisworld,damageisacertainty,butwecannotleavethingsbroken.Aproblemofour

creationisaproblemthatcanbefixed.

C'：Whydonewtechproductssoonbecomewaste?

Q13WhatdidtheFrenchgovernmentrequiretechcompaniestodotohelpconsumersmakebetter

choices?

；.Whatshouldtechcompaniesdotohelpensureenvironmentalsustainability?

owhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheproblemofwaste?

Lecture1

Onaverage.USworkersspendabout10%oftheirworkdaysurfingtheinternet,emailingfriends,or

shoppingonline.Thisbehaviorcalledcyberloafingisbelievedtocostemployeesupto85billiondollars

ayearinlossproductivity.Themajorityofcyberloafingresearchfocusesonwaystopreventemployees

fromengaginginthisbehaviorthrcxjghinterventionssuchasinternetmonitoringandcomputeruse

policies.Butitturnsoutsuchbehaviormaynotbeasignthataworkerislazyorjustwastingtime.Social

mediauseatw。水hasbeenlinkedtohigherlevelsofemployeeengagementandjobsatisfaction.New

researchsuggestscyberloafingcanhelpworkerscopewithanexceptionallystressfulworkenvironment

Butiscyberloafingactuallyeffectiveatreducingemployeestresslevels?That'sthequestionmy

researchteamwantedtoanswerinournewstudyOurhypothesiswasthatcyberloafingmayserveas

aminibreakGivingemployeesanopportunitytorecoverfromstressfulworksituationsTotestthis,we

askedworkerstocompleteanonlinesurveyandrankhowmuchtimetheyspentcyberleafing,checking

non-work.emailsandshoppingWealsoaskedthemtorankjobsatisfaction,theirdesiretoquit,and

howoftenthey'veexperiencedmistreatmentatworksuchasbeingbulliedthreatenedoryelledatas

youmightexpect,wefoundthato