完形填空指導(dǎo)

完型填空專題為你成功獲取高分支招

Whatdoyouseehere?Whatdoyouseehere?格式塔心理學(xué):當看見不完整的事物時，人們根據(jù)腦子里對事物的完整概念，會在思想上把它補全.

補全心理補全心理基于語篇綜合語用什么玩藝兒？要求很高很暴力約350字的美文長啥樣？

試卷體裁字數(shù)08記敘文

34409議論文

33110記敘文

378約350字美文實詞多虛詞少長啥樣？試卷動詞名詞形容詞副詞介詞連詞代詞數(shù)詞0810701011009652232001076510100約350字的美文長啥樣？*

*重語境選最佳實詞多虛詞少“紙老虎”咋辦呢？重整體Isolatedwordsdon’tmakesense.Isolatedwordsdon’tmakesense.“紙老虎”咋辦呢？

換角度

重整體讀填讀完形填空解題

“三字經(jīng)”抓住整體推敲細節(jié)通讀檢查通讀全文讀啥?體裁篇章大意首/末段段首句

（例1）EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloist(打擊樂器獨奏演員)inspiteofherdisability.

…

…Followyourpassion(酷愛);Followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.”

(08江蘇卷)

關(guān)鍵詞讀啥？夾敘夾議,敘議結(jié)合讀啥？

（例2）Therequirementsforhighschoolgraduationhavejustchangedinmycommunity.Asaresult,allstudentsmust36

sixtyhoursofservicelearning,

37

theywillnotreceiveadiploma.Servicelearningis…Supportersclaimthattherearemany

41

ofservicelearning.…

47therearemanybenefits,opponents(反對者)

48

problemswiththenewrequirement.First,...Inmyview,…（09江蘇）議論文(正反觀點對比題)關(guān)鍵詞試填：41:benefits/advantages完形填空體裁特點及應(yīng)考策略

體裁特點策略記敘文事--理理—事理清事情來龍去脈作者的態(tài)度和情感敘議結(jié)合議論文話題—正反/作者觀點

論點—論據(jù)—結(jié)論分清話題與觀點論點與論據(jù)相印證

說明文事物或事理的說明弄清說明對象

篇咋填啊?詞*

句文化、常識篇情景構(gòu)建語篇、呼應(yīng)文化背景\生活常識

（例3）ImademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.

39thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.

(08湖南卷)39.A.SpreadingB.Boiling C.BakingD.Holding

前后呼應(yīng)（例4）

…

(末段)Iwouldencouragepeoplenottoallowthemselvestobe55byothers.Followyourpassion;Followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.”(08江蘇）

A.directedB.guidedC.taughtD.limited(首段)…shebecameapercussionsoloist(打擊樂器獨奏演員)inspiteofherdisability.

“EarlyonIdecidednottoallowtheopinionsofotherstostopmefrombecomingamusician.

句意呼應(yīng)文章格調(diào)呼應(yīng)語篇結(jié)構(gòu)（例5）Supportersclaimthattherearemany

benefits

ofservicelearning.Perhapsmostimportantly,studentsareforcedtothink

beyond

theirowninterestsandbecome

awareoftheneedsofothers.Studentsarealsoabletolearnreal-lifeskillsthat

includeresponsibility,problem-solving,andworkingaspartofateam.

45

,studentscanexplorepossiblecareers

throughservicelearning.(09江蘇)

45.A.Gradually

B.Finally

C.Luckily

D.Hopefully

句法句邏輯句法

（例7）

Whenwelookatitasawhole,webegintohavesome42

,whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer. （08安徽)

42.A.ideasB.opinionsC.feelingsD.questions

邏輯關(guān)系

（例8）Inmyview,servicelearningisagreatwayto

contribute

tothecommunity,learnnewskills,andexploredifferentcareers.

53

,Idon'tbelieveyoushouldforcepeopletohelpothers.(09江蘇)53.A.Therefore

B.Otherwise

C.Besides

D.However

詞義詞

再現(xiàn)

*搭配詞義

（例9）Second,theybelievethatforcingstudentstoworkwithout

51

goesagainstthelaw.(09江蘇)

51.A.cost

B.pay

C.care.

D.praise

搭配（例10）……Iplayinmystockingfeetandcan43thepitchofanote(音調(diào)高低)bythevibrations(振動).

(08江蘇)

43.A.tell B.see C.hear D.smell

…Iwascompletelydeaf.

復(fù)現(xiàn)

（例11）

“Afterthat,Iestablishedmyselfasthefirstfull-timesolopercussionist.I51andarrangedalotofmusicalcompositionssincefewhadbeenwrittenspeciallyforsolopercussionists..(08江蘇）

51.

A.wroteB.translatedC.copiedD.read

（例12）Garth’se-mailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52

messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.(08山東卷)

52.A.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorous原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)

重新審視全文再讀她一次驗證修改答案檢查整體性讀填讀完形填空解題

“三字經(jīng)”抓住整體推敲細節(jié)通讀檢查根據(jù)并列關(guān)系解答完形填空題根據(jù)語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解答完形填空題利用前后搭配解答完形填空題利用邏輯推理解答完形填空題高考英語完形填空解題技能實戰(zhàn)演練【分1－4部分】1.2.3.4.高考英語完形填空解題技能實戰(zhàn)演練（1）根據(jù)并列關(guān)系解答完形填空題因果關(guān)系、類屬關(guān)系相對關(guān)系等并列，就是指由and或or連接的并列成分同類關(guān)系[例1]Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23

andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.23.A.sick B.slim C.short D.small因果關(guān)系[解析]

選項中只有ill才與pale有相關(guān)性(因果關(guān)系)，即因為“生病”，所以臉色才會“蒼白”，故選A。[例2]EdgarAllanPoe,whoselifewasshortandseeminglyunhappy,wrotestoriesandpoemsofmysteryand

22

insanity(瘋狂)anddeath.(2009屆佛山二模)22.A.happiness B.science C.society

D.terror同類關(guān)系[解析]因為只有terror(恐怖)才與mystery(神秘)、insanity(瘋狂)和death(死亡)是表示同類意義的名詞，而不可能是與“happiness(幸福)”“science(科學(xué))”或“society(社會)”并列，故選D。[例3]EdgarAllanPoeisalsorememberedasthefatherofmoderndetectivefiction,storiesofaninvestigatorwhohastosolvemurdersandother

27

(2009屆佛山二模)27.A.accidents B.crimes C.events D.incidents類屬關(guān)系[解析]因為“murder(兇殺)”是各種“crimes(犯罪)”行為中的一種，所以與“murder(兇殺)”并列應(yīng)是“其他各種犯罪行為”，故選B。[例4]WhenChristwasbornnearlytwothousand

years

ago,manypeople,richand_______,gavehimpresents.A.ill B.healthy C.poor D.tall相對關(guān)系[解析]因為由句意可知，應(yīng)當是指“耶穌出生時，許多人，無論貧富，都給他禮物”，故選擇與rich相對意義的poor，即選C。2.Thepoverty(貧困)was

worsethananythingmyyoungcompanionshadeverimagined.Backinthehotel,anairofsadnesssettledoverthegroup.Many

________andcried.(2009年浙江28題)gaveup

B.brokedown

C.setoff

D.heldon2.B。與cried(哭)并列應(yīng)當是breakdown(情緒失控)，故選B。3.It’snoteasybeingateenager–norisiteasybeingtheparentofateenager.Youcanmakeyourchildfeelangry,hurt,or______bywhatyousaywithoutrealizingityourself.A.dismissed B.misunderstood C.misled D.satisfied3.B。與angry(生氣)和hurt(傷害)意義相關(guān)的應(yīng)當是misunderstood(誤解)，故選B。4.…mymothersaidthatwemightsoonbeleavingforAmerica…Iwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives.WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee---thestrangeand______placesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.A.unfrequented B.remote C.different D.magical4.D。與strange(陌生的)并列應(yīng)當是magical(神奇的)，故選D。5.Whenstudentsandparentsareaskedtoratesubjectsaccordingtotheirimportance,theartsareunavoidablyatthebottomofthelist.Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant…Thisviewisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationis________andimportantforallstudents. A.beneficial B.available C.expensive D.powerful5.A。與important(重要的)并列，且符合語境的，應(yīng)當是beneficial(有益的)，句意為：“音樂教育對所有學(xué)生來說，是有益的，也是重要的?！备呖加⒄Z完形填空解題技能實戰(zhàn)演練（2）根據(jù)語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解答完形填空題同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義復(fù)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)語義復(fù)現(xiàn)[例1]TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,and…(2008年廣東高考)A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen一、同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)[解析]前句說是人們“相信有仙女”，后句“并非所有這些_是友好的”，承前邏輯，空格處應(yīng)填“仙女”了，故選C。[例2]Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended27.A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods二、同義復(fù)現(xiàn)[解析]前句說“避免這類的事發(fā)生有許多方法(ways)”，冒號后的解釋，“在小孩睡覺時在其頭上懸掛一把刀，或者用其父親的褲子蓋著他，就是其中值得推薦的兩種________”，承前邏輯，自然是其中的兩種“方法”，與ways同義的是methods，故選D。[例3]AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸藥).…“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame23byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”A.famousB.sickC.richD.popular三、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)[解析]AlfredNobel引導(dǎo)定語從句的who指代的就是AlfredNobel，兩句是相似的,且兩句的后部分的內(nèi)容各為“發(fā)明了炸藥”與“找到了更快的殺人方式”，可以想象，兩者的意義何等接近！可見，與“變成百萬富翁”對應(yīng)的應(yīng)當是“變成富?！保蔬xC。Wouldn’titbegreatifwedidn’thavetorememberpasswords（密碼）everagain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbeautomaticallyloggedin（登錄）?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognition（識別）technologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga_______.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system即時練習(xí)前面說了“如果不必再記密碼…”對此問的回答是“系統(tǒng)是如何用臉部識別技術(shù)來幫你登陸，而不是用________”。承前邏輯，此處應(yīng)當是“而不是用密碼”，故選B。2.Afterdoingalittleresearch,IfoundthistypeoftechnologyalreadyavailableinEnglishtoconsumersviaarelativelyinexpensiveapplicationcalledFaceCode.The______requirestheuseofawebcamtorecognizeandlogPCusersintotheirsystems.(2007年廣東高考27題)A.account B.consumer C.designer D.software答案為D。與application(應(yīng)用軟件)同義的是software，故選D。3.Grasslandsneedtimetorecoverwhencattleandotheranimalsfeedonthem.Movinganimalsfromonefieldtoanothercanprovidethe_______neededfornewgrowth.A.cattleB.timeC.spaceD.help3.B。前句“當?；蚱渌麆游锍粤四敛莸厣系牟莺螅敛莸匦枰獣r間才可恢復(fù)”，本句“動物的遷徙就可以提供草生長所需要的________”，承前句邏輯，可知空格處填“時間”，故選B。4.On27February2008,somethingunusualhappenedinBritain;therewasaratherlargeearthquake.Itwasthe______UKearthquakein25years.A.biggest B.loudest C.deadliest D.scariest4.A。前句“2008年2月27日，英國發(fā)生了一件不尋常的事，一場非常大的地震”，本句“是25年來英國最________的地震”。承前邏輯，應(yīng)當是“最大的”地震，故選A。5.Mostpeoplebelievetheydon’thavemuchimagination.Theyare

wrong.Everyonehas_______,butmostofus,oncewebecomeadults,forgethowto

makeuseofit.(原創(chuàng))A.creativity B.memory C.imagination D.limitation5.C。前句說：“多數(shù)人認為他們自己沒有想象力。他們的這種觀點是錯誤的?！背星斑壿?，“(事實上)每個人都有想象力，只是……”，故選C。6.Whenhearrivedathisfather’shouse,hewastoldthathisfatherhadbeeninhospitalforaweek.Hewasaboutto

leavefor(去；前往)the______whenhesaw… A.city B.hospital C.factory D.university6.B。前面說“當他回到父親家時，初告知他父親已住院一周了”，承前邏輯，他應(yīng)是“去醫(yī)院”，故選B。7.Onceadultsunderstandwhatchildrenarecommunicatingthroughtheirbehavior,theycanrespondbetter.Whenchildrenfeelrespectedandhavetheirneedsmet,thereisnolongerareasontousechallenging_______tocommunicate.A.action B.language C.gesture D.behavior7.D。前句說，“成年人一旦懂得小孩通過行為要表達的意思，就會作出更好的應(yīng)對?！背星斑壿?，本句應(yīng)為“當孩感覺得到尊重和滿足需求時，他們就不再用挑戰(zhàn)性的行為來交流了”。故選D。利用前后搭配解答完形填空題高考英語完形填空解題技能實戰(zhàn)演練（3）在解答完形填空時，充分考慮這些搭配關(guān)系，有助于我們作出正確選擇。動詞與介詞的搭配動詞與其賓語的搭配句式結(jié)構(gòu)上的搭配和習(xí)語搭配等所謂前后搭配根據(jù)動詞與其后介詞的搭配關(guān)系來選擇一個恰當?shù)膭釉~。[例1]OnApril12,1888,Alfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspaper___hisbrotherforhimand…(2009年廣東高考21題)A.found B.misunderstood C.mistook D.judged一、動介搭配[解析]能與“AforB”搭配的在四個選項中只有選項C,mistakeXforY意為“誤以為X是Y”,故選C。根據(jù)動詞與其賓語是否可以搭配、在意義上是否符合邏輯或常識來確定選用哪個動詞。[例2]Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto___theNobelPrizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewho…(2009年廣東高考28題)A.establishB.formC.developD.promote [解析]在不定式短語中，賓語是“諾貝爾獎”，動詞該用哪一個？設(shè)立？形成？發(fā)展？促進？根據(jù)常識，能與“獎項”搭配的，在這四個選項中只有“設(shè)立”，故選A。二、動賓搭配根據(jù)句式或句型的搭配來確定填哪一個詞。[例3]Thebooktellsusofusefulskillssuchashowtoputwhatyouhavelearnedintopicturesofyourmindto

yourmemorybetter.A.makeB.turnC.1etD.change三、句式搭配[解析]在四個選項中，能接“賓語+形容詞作賓補”的只有選面A，makeyourmemorybetter意為“使你的記憶力變得更好”，故選A。

根據(jù)習(xí)慣用語的固定搭配來確定正確選項。[例4]Intellectualproperty(IP)(知識產(chǎn)權(quán))isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.Theconcept___backto1623whenthefirstpatentlawtoprotectIPrightswaspassed.(2009年茂名二模21題)A.holdsB.dates C.sets D.turns[解析]datebackto是慣用短語，意為“追溯到”，故選B。值得注意的是，解題時，不能一看到搭配就選答案，這樣往往容易出錯。因為有時單獨看空格前后或單獨看空格所在句，除正確答選項外，其他選項也可能與其前后構(gòu)成搭配，這時，還需要根據(jù)上下文的意思和邏輯，同時也需要結(jié)合生活常識才能定奪。四、習(xí)語搭配3.Participatingworkplacesletemployees（員工；雇員）wearjeans（牛仔褲）onOctober5fora$5donation.“It’sarealwayforeveryonetofeellikethey’remakinga___,”saystheEmmy-winningactress.A.differenceB.decisionC.friendD.profit3.A。makeadifference意為“有影響，起作用”。根據(jù)上文：Hargitay發(fā)起一個為乳腺癌研究募款的項目，即通過上班穿牛仔褲的員工捐款5元錢。她認為這是一個讓每個人感覺在起作用，出一份力的有效途徑。5.OnApr