語法綜合講練-倒裝句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句

語法綜合講練

倒裝句(Inversion)

學(xué)法指導(dǎo)倒裝句有兩個(gè)主要的作用。一是為了保持句的平衡，二是為了語言的表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)。ThedayswhenChinawasweakandbackwardaregong.主語太長，謂語太短。=GonearethedayswhenChinawasweakandbackward.中國貧窮而落后的年代一去不復(fù)返了。學(xué)習(xí)倒裝句的難點(diǎn)有兩點(diǎn)記住倒裝句的語序記住引起倒裝句的詞簡單的說,倒裝句就是把句子主語和謂語的位置顛倒，即把謂語放在主語的前面.

e.g.Areyouaboy?

Whydidn’tyoucome?

NeverbeforehaveIseensuchawonderfulfilm.

倒裝句有兩種句式：

全部倒裝和部分倒裝

一、全部倒裝的四種情形

(把謂語動(dòng)詞完全放在主語之前)

標(biāo)志詞+謂語（vi）+主語

1.句首標(biāo)志詞為here/there,out/in,up/down,away,now/then等方位副詞并2.且謂語動(dòng)詞是表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的come、go、rush、live、exist、flow,rise,等不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用全部倒裝。e.g.1)Thekitewentupintothesky.Up

wentthekiteintothesky.Upintotheskywentthekite.2)Thebookyouwantishere.Here

isthebookyouwant.e.g.Hereitcomes.3)Thedoorsuddenlyopenedandadogcamein.Thedoorsuddenlyopenedandin

cameadog.4)Herlongbrownhaircamedown.Down

cameherlongbrownhair.Away

flewthebird.5)Thebirdflewaway.注:主語是人稱代詞,不用主謂倒裝.

2.表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語，在句中做表語或狀語時(shí)

e.g.在一座孤零零的房子前坐著一個(gè)小男孩。

森林邊有一個(gè)小木屋。（lie）

Infrontofthelonelyhouse

sata

littleboy.

Attheedgeofthewoods

liesthe

logcabin.e.g.Insidethepyramids

aretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueens.andlongpassagestotheserooms.

保持了句子平衡，或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語，或?yàn)榱耸股舷挛木o密銜接時(shí)。

3.表語置于句首時(shí)

e.g.Gone

arethedayswhenthey

coulddowhattheyliked.

在貨物中有圣誕樹、鮮花、蠟燭和玩具。Amongthegoods

areChristmas

trees,flowers,candlesandtoys.

So/thus

(Inthisway)+vi+主“Longlongago…,”Sobeginmanyfairytales.=Manyfairytalesbegininthisway–Longlongago…,OrThat’showfairytalesbegin.4.therebe

句型

e.g.Thereisnoplaceleftforthe

piano.在2004年，中國大約發(fā)生了五十多萬起交通事故。Therewereabout500,000trafficaccidentshappeninginChinain2004.表語在句首Such+link-v+SSuchisAlbertEinstein,asimplemanwithgreatachievements.阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦就是這樣一位單純而又具有偉大成就的人。Thousandsofhomelesspeopleandendlessdeath._______werethemisfortunesofwar.A.SoB.SuchC.ThisD.ThatB二、部分倒裝的九種情形

(指把謂語的一部分，如助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等移到主語之前)

標(biāo)志詞+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+其它1.用于so,nor,neither

開頭的句子，表示第二人或事也重復(fù)前一句的內(nèi)容。

e.g.HehasbeentoBeijing.So

haveI.=IhavebeentoBeijing,too.Hecan’tanswerthequestion.

Neither

canI.=Ican’t,either.他不能回答這個(gè)問題，我也不能。比較1)Theywentoutbeforedaybrokeandcamehomebeforenoon.So

livedthecoupleformanymonthsbeforetheyweredivorced.2)--Heisveryhardworking.--Soheis.他確實(shí)如此。（同意別人的觀點(diǎn)）3)Helikesmusic,sodoI.Itisthesamewith…

Soitiswith…KarlMarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.SoitwaswithEngles.=itwasthesamewithEngles.HisbrotherisasoldierandheservesinHainan.Itisthesamewithmybrother.=Soitiswithmybrother.2.以only修飾的副詞，介詞短語,狀語從句等放在句首時(shí)為部分倒裝。

Only+狀語+助動(dòng)詞+主語+其它Onlyinthisway

canyoulearnEnglishwell.e.g.直到那時(shí)，他才意識(shí)到自己老了。Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyour

homework

canyougooutandplay.Onlythen

didherealizethathewasold.只有用這種方法，你才能學(xué)好英語。只有完成作業(yè)后，你才可以出去玩。注：如果only修飾主語,則不用倒裝

Onlyhecansolvetheproblem.3.little,hardly,never,seldom,not等含有否定意義的詞放在句首時(shí)

1）Hardly

didIexpectthathecould

comebacksosoon.

2）Little

didherealizethathehadmadeanimportantinvention.

3）Notasingleword

mustyoutellhim.

4)Neverhashebeenabroad.

5)Seldom

doesWanggoswimming.4.表示時(shí)間頻率的狀語位于句首時(shí)，且表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。e.g.我們經(jīng)常警告他們不要那樣做。Often

dowewarnthemnotto

doso.

Weoftenwarnthemnottodoso.5.在以下句型中

a)hardly/scarcely…when…,

nosooner…,than…Nosooner

hadhebeguntospeak

thanallthepeoplelaughed.Hardly

hadhesteppedintothe

classroomwhenthebellrang.

他剛一開口說話，所有的人都大笑起來。他剛一踏進(jìn)教室，鈴聲就響了起來。b)在notonly…butalso的句型中(butalso之后的句子不用倒裝).

e.g.他不僅能唱流行歌曲，而且還能寫一些。

Notonly

didhelikesingingpopsongs,butalsohecouldwritesome.c)在not…until…句型中

e.g.直到今天早晨我才想起了一個(gè)好主意。Notuntilthismorning

didIget

agoodidea.

Ididn'tgetagoodideauntilthismorning.d)Neither…nor（前后都倒）e.g.我既不知道這次晚會(huì)，也沒來。

Neither

didIknowabouttheparty,nor

didIcome.

e)含否定意義的介詞短語在句首時(shí)

innoway,atnotime,innocase,bynomeansAtnotimehaveItoldyouthatyoucanusemycar.我從沒告訴過你，說你可以用我的車子。6.用以as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中

表語+as+主語+其它=Though/Althoughhewastired,he….e.g.Tired

ashewas,heworkedlate

intothenight.Childasheis,heknowsmuch.=Though/Althoughheisachild,he….7.用于省略if的虛擬條件句（只有had、should、were(was)可倒裝）

Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,

Iwouldnotgoforapicnic.=Wereitto/Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldnotgoforapicnic.=HadIattendedthemeeting,Iwouldhavebeenhere.

IfIhadattendedthemeeting,I

wouldhavebeenhere.e.g.Mayyousucceed!e.g.他說的那樣的快，我們幾乎聽不清。8.在so…that、such…that的結(jié)構(gòu)中Sorapidlydidhespeakthatwecouldhardlyhearhim.9.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。_____homeworkdidwehavethatwehadnotimetotakearest.(06年福建卷)A. B.Toomuch

C.Toolittle D.SolittleAtthefootofthemountain_____.(06年四川卷)A.avillagelie B.C.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillageSomuchliesavillageI’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_____withmyprogress.(06年重慶卷) A.theteacherisnotsatisfied B.istheteachernotsatisfied C.theteacherissatisfied D.istheteachersatisfied寫出下列句子的倒裝句語法綜合講練

強(qiáng)調(diào)句式清華附中程惠云強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who/whom+其它被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是句子中的主語、賓語或狀語，但不能夠是謂語或定語。Imethiminthestreetyesterday.ItwasIwho/that

methiminthestreetyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)注意：除去句子的功能詞itwas…that句子仍然完整。Itwashimwhom/thatImetinthestreetyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語）Itwasinthestreetthat(不能用where)Imethimyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語）有時(shí)可以用Itmightbe…that;

Itmustbethat…

句型表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Itmightbehisfatherthatheisthinkingof.他關(guān)心的可能是他的父親。Itmusthavebeenhisbrotherthatyousaw.你見到的想必是他的兄弟。notuntil的it強(qiáng)調(diào)句Shedidnotrealizethatshehadleftthekeyintheofficeuntilshegothome.Itwasnotuntilshegothomethatsherealizedshehadleftherkeyintheoffice.It強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?Whatisitthatyouarelookingfor?Howwasitthatyousucceeded?Whyisitthatsmokingisallowedhere?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與Itis/was+時(shí)間+whenItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.=Igotbackhomeatmidnightyesterday.ItwasmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.=WhenIgothome,itwasmidnight.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與Itis/was+時(shí)間+sinceItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearnEnglish.=IbegantolearnEnglishtwoyearsago.ItistwohoursthathespendsonEngl