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PAGEPAGE43高考形近詞辨析整理(完型,單選)A1.Adaptadoptadjustadore→n.Adoredoingadmire2.Advocatehesitateabandonallocate=assignmentcalculate→n.circulateDecorateadequate→反義詞apologizeaccomplish→adj.TalentedaccompanyacceleratethepaceofAboardabroadboardbroadbroaden(-al)3.Initialoriginalregionaloptionalcompulsoryreligionapprovalarrivalsurvivalloyalroyalcommercial(ICBC,ABC)→commercevitalverbalspecialnaturalbeneficialscepticalcritical/criticism/criticize/criticscontradictoryconventionalcontroversial(13湖北)impracticalPotential(14)adj/nconfidentialinfluentialpreferentialartificialcasual→casualclothestypicaltraditionalIntellectualpropertymaterialessentialrational→technicalphysicalpoliticalcriminaluniversalprofessional,14economical,practical(2014)Accidentaccidentalcivil(-ation)4.acquisitionidentificationqualificationcertificateaccommodation reservation application distinctiongeneration→satisfactionpreparationselectionexplanationdestinationdistinctionorganizationcivilizationdesertificationadministrationaccusationconservationconsiderationappreciationmotivationexpectationcelebrationoccupationreputation→translationevaluationdetermination14explanationadaptationobservationregulationfrustrationrecommendationcommunicationillustrationdescriptionadmirationregulationcompensationpresentation(a-)6.arrangeassignassume award→ appointaccessassess==Possessattractattackattach:attachmuchimportanceto…apply:applyfor/toreplyrelydelayemploy→alarmacknowledgeappreciateassume→n.AuthenticambitiousambiguousabundantApparentadequatearbitraryApproximatelyappropriateextraordinarycontradictory(-able)8.Reasonableavailableaffordableacceptablevaluableaccessiblecomparable(13湖北)profitable(13湖北)reliable14Suitableresponsible→adoptablefavorableconsiderable→agreeable討人喜歡的,怡人的(-ance)10.insurancecircumstanceallowancesignificancedistance→importanceappearanceacquaintanceguidance(a-)11.Attend→attendassemblytendattain2→attainone’sgoalattractattachapplyappealadaptattemptarrestsentenceaware→apology(After)Lookafternameaftergoafter(against)RiseupagainstAngleangelAdventureawkward→InteractreactcontactAffectionaffectation(Ability)Abilitycapabilitycapabilities(app-)Approveappreciateappetite→haveanappetiteforAppealappointapproach(agree-)Agreedisagreedegree(-ause)PausecauseTaxfaxArbitrary(a…)anumberofanamountofaquantityofB(-ief)Briefbeliefrelief(-bute)Contributedistributeattributetosubstitute→subscribe(費(fèi)用)bill accounts fees farefinespricesexpense(力量)strengthpowerenergyforce→beforcedtodoBouncebrochureboundarybarrierBlankbankforkBasebasisbasicBarkbitebackground(-bit)ForbidprohibitexhibitBeboundtobargain(-board)billboardblackboardcardboardBetrayone’strustC(con-)ContainincludeconvertconvinceconvenienceInsistConsistconsistentresistcorrespondconsumerconfuseconscienceComplexcomplain→n.compromiseexplain→n.(-rate)Cooperate→n.corporate(-ment)ComplimentcomplementClassicn./adj.classicalCompetitioncompositioncompetenceindependenceconsequencereferenceconservationconversationconservative(con-)construct=architectconstruction=architectureconstrictiveinstructdestruct→n.→adj.conductContentconstantcontradictoryCorrespondcompensatecommitcontactConstituteContributedistributeattributecontinentcontinueOvercome=incomeoutcomeshortcoming→defect/defective(-ant)Significant=distantinstantconstantconsiderateconsiderable(company)Accompanycompany(-cover)recover→n.discoveruncoverCruelcurecuteCreamscreamsteamstream(Custom-)CustomcustomercustomsconsumeconsumerIncidentaccidenteventoccasionancientaffairsissueChokechew(-count)DiscountaccountcountChainv.(com-)CompromisecomplainComplicatedcompulsoryconsiderable(Confident-)Confidentconfidential(can’t…)can’t…..enough=can’thelpcan’twaitCultureagricultureCoursecurse(-clude)includeexclude→n.conclude→n.toconclude/inconclusion/cometoaconclusion/todrawaconclusion(condition)ingood./poorconditiononconditionthatproviding(come)whenitcomestocometoone’saidcometonoconclusioncometonoend(Common)Common/horsesensecommonpracticeCaptaincaption插圖、圖片等的)解說(shuō)詞,說(shuō)明文字/【電影】字幕/(新聞報(bào)道、文章等的)文首標(biāo)題;章節(jié)標(biāo)題ChildishchildlikeDDifferencediscoverydivision(-ction)distinction,constructioninstruction(-cident)incidentaccidentcoincidence(desert)dessertdesert(dis-)Dismissdiscouragediscoverdisappointeddistinguish:~oneselfdisplaydistinctiondistractdispute→同義詞disorderdisposeDissolvedispelDumpdamp(-dom)seldomfreedom(de-)DefeatdebatedebtdevoteviolatedeleterelatedecidedefinedepartdepositDepartureDecoratedemonstrate(do..)dosbafavorsodoI.SoIdo.Docometonight.DynamicDrugdragbeg→n.(-cate)Dedicate→bededicatedtodelicatefragile(-dea-)IdealdealideaE(-ible)Sensibleflexibleobjectivesensitivefluent(-ence)Consequenceindependencecompetence(14江蘇)intelligenceconvinceconvenienceexistencecoincidenceabsencereferenceconferencepatienceconfidenceinfluencediligencepresenceexperience(-er)laughtercookerspeakerdrawerdisasterleathercarrierpowderterrorfeathermonsterhungerangercontainerbarriersheltersneakerreceiverrefrigeratorcounterhelicopterthrillertheaterotherpowerconsidertrainerleaderdancerladderEfforteffectaffect(Ex-)Exploreexplodeexchangeexclude→n.(-ency)Emergencytendencyurgent(-pect)Expect→n.exceptaspectrespectconcept(-ed)annoyeddelightedsatisfiedpuzzledcomplicatedconcernedashamedscaredtalentedembarrassedcommittedexposedconfusedexhaustedcrowdedaccustomedaddictedlimitedtrappeddistinguished(bewell)qualifiedsimplifieddeserteddetailedcultivatedpersevereddisappointedinexperiencedcriticized14well-equippedwell-qualifiedwell-informed(-sm)Enthusiasmcriticismindividualismsocialism(-ase)Eraseease(eye)keepaneyeonturnanblindeyetoanappleoftheeye(-ense)tense→n.sense→短語(yǔ)(-ee-)volunteerteenagerspeed(-eat)Cheatthreattreat(-en)widentightenstrengthenawaken~sbtosth讓某人意識(shí)到某事Makeeveryefforttodo(Economy)EconomyeconomicalF(影響)Affecteffect→comeintoeffectinfectinfluence(for-)Forcastforesee(-ference)Referenceconferenceinterferencepreference→givepreferencetointerferencedefenceinterruption(-fit)ProfitbenefitbeneficialconflictpredictFoldFindfoundfund(-fuse)refuseconfuseG(Grace)GracefulgraciousGrabgraspmaster(-gg)Luggagebaggagestruggle(-gent)Diligentintelligent(-g-)IgnoreneglectrecognizeTake….forgranted(-gree)agreedegreeaggressivegreedy(gap)FillthegapwidenthegapH(房子)shabbyHousehouseholdhomefamilylabpalacegymConcertyardbasementclinicsheltercampcottageslumGallerystudio(-hood)Childhoodneighborhoodneighborliness(histor-)HistorichistoricalHanghunghug(high-)HighhighlyI(傷)injuryhurtwoundpain(invest-)investmentinvestigateindifferentinattentiveimpressionsatisfactionattentionexpressionproduction(-ible)terriblehorribleflexible(14江蘇)invitationinventionIntellectualintelligent(-ing)disappointingdisgusting(13安徽D)swingdisturbingannoyingCushionpositionIndividualindividualismindividuality(…It)putit(3次)takeitcountonitmakeit(in-)InvestinvolveinvadearrestinsectIgnore==JKLLivelyunlikedislikealiveliveliving(-ly)timelyEspeciallyregularlyparticularlyapproximatelysplendidlymerelyfrequentlyefficientlyrarelyrelativelyfortunatelyabsolutelywhollysufficientlyprofessionallyeventuallyconstantlygraduallyformerlyformallyoccasionallyaccidentallydeliberatelyclumsilyvividlygenerallyroughly14probablyexactlyincreasinglypitifullyviolentlyrepeatedlyseparatelyunwillinglyapparentlyeagerlySmoothlycompetitivelyrecentlyreasonablyaffordablysplendidlyaccidentallyintentionallyclumsilyscarcelyfluentlydefinitelyaimlesslyinevitablywearilyswiftlyfirmlycompletelycasuallythoroughlyabruptly(-less)unlessNeverthelessthoughtlesspriceless=regardlessadv.(Late)Latelater(on)latelylatterlast(-lief)Reliefbeliefbrief(-Line)headlineDeclineoutlineguidelineairlinedeadline(under-)Underline=3undergounderestimate(-lish)Polishaccomplishselfishastonishestablish(-lay)Delay→suspend→pauserelaydecay→rot(-mulate)Accumulatestimulate(light)tightlightlightenslighthighlighttwilightdelight→adj.(-lame)lameblamefame(-lect)Electselect→nreflect→n.Launch2→launcheditsfirstofficialGreenWeek.(Liter-)LiteraryliteratureliberalliteralM(-mit)Admit=→n.submitpermit→n.limit→limitationcomitsubmitsthtoadmire=assistsubscribe(-ment)AssessmentcommitmentencouragementadjustmentcommentachievementequipmentstatementtournamentrequirementpunishmentpavementdocumentamusemententertainmentarrangementmonumentappointmentunemploymentpermanentinstrumentdisappointmentLeisurecasualMildwildmind(-mand)Commanddemanddemandingrecommend(make)makesensemakeadifferencemakesuremakeallowancefor(m11)Matchmarch(Main-)Maintainremain(mean)meansbynomeans=byallmeansbemeanttoBymeansofmeantodomeandoing(Mis-)Mistakemisfortune(Mis-)MisleadmisunderstandmisusemisspelledMassmessNNotablenoted(-ness)WitnessweaknessO(-ous)Anxious→n.curiousgenerous→n.preciouspreviousreligiousobviouscautiousn.Ambiguousambitioustremendousmarvelousridiculous(13安徽D)mysteriousconsciousvariousnervousdangerousadventurousNumerousenormousMendrecommenddemandintend(-oast)Roastcoasttoast(out-)Outputoutcome(-ough)Roughtoughcough(over-)Overlook=neglect/ignoreovertake→overtakeacarundertakeovercoatoverheadoverhearovernightoverthrow(-or)sponsor14errordirectorhonorbachelorsuperiorinferiorsuperiorprior→priority(or)Orelseotherwiseorrather(-oo-)Loosechooseboom(激增,繁榮)zoom(快速移動(dòng))Oddscold(-ow)belowblowgrowP(Prove)Prove=approveimprovepreciseprecious particular peculiarpreviouspovertypropertyproper(-pect)suspect→n./adj.respectaspectexpectaccept14(-press)impress→n.impresssbwithsth/impresssthon/uponsbexpress→n.depress→adj.→n.poempoetpoetrypersonalpersonnelpersonality(-lish)polishpublishpunishabolishPersuadeparticipateprivilege→(-pose)Possessaccessproposeopposesupposedispose→dealwithexposepurposepostponepirateprivateprimateexpend→n.dependpretendexpand(-ption)assumptionconsumption(p-)Principlediscipline(Present-)Presentpresencerepresent(-port)exportimportreport(-ply)implyapplyreplyrely(…point)tothepointatthepointthereisnopointdoing(-parate)Separatedesperateparentapparent(Pri-)PrivilegepriorityQ(-ire)AcquirerequireinquiredesirehireretireinspireQualityquantityqualificationconstitutionnationalityequalityQuarrelQuitquiltr.(re-)removerelatereviewrelieverelease3retellrebuildreceiverelaxregretrepairreplacerescuerecognizeresponseremindrespondrepresentrevisereviewreject→n.resemble→n.recommend(-Rupt)Interrupteruptcorruptirruptabrupt→makeanabruptdecision(-rise)Arisearouseraiserisearisevi.出現(xiàn),產(chǎn)生;站起來(lái),起身(arose,arisen)arouse
vt.驚醒,叫醒;引起;喚起,喚醒(aroused,aroused)interestraise
vt.舉起;使升起;增加,提高(raised,raised)rise
vi.起身,立起;起床;升起,上升;上漲,增高(rose,risen)RejectrefuseconfusepuzzleBetrayprayprey(-respond)Respondcorrespondexpandarbitraryrelyreplyrespondimplyrareracebaremoderatedeliberateroute路;路線routine常規(guī);慣例;例行公事riskone’slifes(s-)spread speed spur sponsorswear→swore→swornsimplifyspare;spareone’strouble/sparenoefforttodoStickstrikestuckstruck(spe-)specialspecificsignsighsignalsymbolsymptomsightslight(-sist)assistinsistrestrict→n.=consistexistresist→doingn.persistconsistentSearchresearchStaff=stuffstatuestatussculpture(-sure)assureensureinsure(some/any)somewhatsomehowanywayanyhow(反正,盡管如此)(-serve)Observereserve→n.deservepreserveconservereceivepersevereSweetsweat(-ship)ChampionshiphardshipownershipscholarshipSpitsplitslipSizeseize(-some)Awesometiresome→boringawfultroublesomehandsomesometime(-Sign)Assigndesignsignsighresign(-sion)decisionpermission14conclusion14→cometoanconclusionexpressionadmission,submissionimpressionPossession→occasionimpressiondivisionprofession→adj.→反義詞amateurPossessassessaccesswitnesswaitressstress(-stand)understandoutstandundertakeCuriosityStretchstrikesticktrackStubborn(13浙)(-sult)ConsultresultScaredsacred(-semble)Assemble→n→assemblethecomponentresembletremble(Short-)Shortcomingshortage(sha-)Shallowshadowswallow(s-)StillsteelstealStartstartleServeservice→atyourservice(self-)Self-controlself-evidentSimplesampleSocialsociableStartafamilyT(-tant)distant=constantinstant→instantmeals/coffeeabstractreluctant(ly)contententrance
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宋詩(shī)如芍藥海棠,幽韻冷香;唐詩(shī)如寒梅秋菊,濃花繁枝D.宋詩(shī)如寒梅秋菊,幽韻冷香;唐詩(shī)如芍藥海棠,濃花繁枝11.從修辭效果看,下列橫線上所填的語(yǔ)句,最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫牵ǎ┳詮牡厍蛴∠氯祟?lèi)的足跡以來(lái),地球容顏逐漸由美變丑了。特別是邁入工業(yè)社會(huì)之后,人類(lèi)在向大自然索取大量財(cái)富的同時(shí),也排放大量廢氣、廢水和廢渣,污染著自己賴(lài)以生存的空氣、水源和土壤,地球傷痕累累,公害卻頻頻發(fā)生,,人們感到生活在一個(gè)缺乏安全的環(huán)境中。A.“三廢”的陰影像陰云在世界各地飄蕩。B.“三廢”的陰影像虎豹在世界各地肆虐。C.“三廢”的陰影像強(qiáng)盜在世界各地橫行。D.“三廢”的陰影像幽靈在世界各地游蕩。12.從修辭方法的運(yùn)用角度來(lái)看,填在下列橫線上的話,最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是()雨停了,月亮穿過(guò)云霧,把明亮的光輝灑在廣場(chǎng)上,廣場(chǎng)像用銀子鋪成似的。在有積水的洼地上,,變成了透明的、奇異的、童話般的世界。A.映出了閃動(dòng)的月亮的影子,好像天空和地上同時(shí)有無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)月亮,把這五月之夜的鄉(xiāng)村,映照得如同在水晶體中一樣。B.同時(shí)有無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)月亮,映照著如同水晶體一樣的五月之夜的鄉(xiāng)村,天空和地上到處閃動(dòng)著月亮的影子。C.同時(shí)有無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)月亮閃動(dòng)著嫵媚的影子,五月之夜的鄉(xiāng)村,被映照得如同白晝一樣。D.映出了閃動(dòng)的月亮的影子,天空和地上好像都在燃燒著焰火,五月之夜的鄉(xiāng)村變成了五彩繽紛的世界。13.從句子的前后照應(yīng)、句式的整齊美觀的角度考慮,最理想的一句是()A.小碑座的四周,雕刻著以牡丹花、荷花、菊花等組成的八個(gè)大花圈,這些花朵象征著純潔、堅(jiān)忍和品質(zhì)的高貴,表示全國(guó)人民對(duì)英雄們永遠(yuǎn)懷念和敬仰。B.那一排排矯健挺拔的大官楊,一片片隨風(fēng)搖曳的柳樹(shù)林,一畝畝銀花盛開(kāi)的棉田,一垛垛剛收割的玉米和高粱堆得像小山。C.繼承下去吧,我們后代的子孫!這里是一片神奇的土地——人間天上難尋;耕耘下去吧,未來(lái)世界的主人!這是一筆永恒的財(cái)產(chǎn)——千秋萬(wàn)古長(zhǎng)新。D.第一個(gè)月,咱們娘娘有說(shuō)有笑;第一個(gè)月來(lái),咱們娘娘不茍言笑;第三個(gè)月,咱們娘娘不言不笑。14.下列句子中修辭手法的運(yùn)用,恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫牵ǎ〢.等我進(jìn)入中年,回想這種種,卻有一件小事,像一只小鈴,輕輕地然而分外清晰地在記憶中搖動(dòng)。B.村前的小路緊貼著蜿蜒的小溪,路的兩旁長(zhǎng)著鮮嫩的青草,點(diǎn)綴著星星點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的野花。這美麗的小路,就像鋪展在原野上的一塊白布。C.這篇散文層層推進(jìn),環(huán)環(huán)相扣,首尾響應(yīng),結(jié)構(gòu)像神經(jīng)節(jié)和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)那樣結(jié)合得非常嚴(yán)密。D.重慶之夜,微波蕩漾的江面倒映著萬(wàn)家燈火,好像是水中閃光的珍珠,又好像是天上眨眼的星星。15.下列句子中修辭手法的運(yùn)用,不恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫牵ǎ〢.歡笑盛開(kāi)在眼睛上、眉毛上,心啊,要從喉嚨里跳出。B.發(fā)梳得光,臉上搽得香。只因不生產(chǎn),人人說(shuō)她臟。C.無(wú)數(shù)條淙淙流淌的小河就像大地上的脈搏一樣在不停地流動(dòng)著,跳動(dòng)著。D.頭墻角的花,你孤芳自賞時(shí),天地便小了。青年人,珍重的描寫(xiě)吧,時(shí)間正翻著書(shū)頁(yè),請(qǐng)你動(dòng)筆!16.下列語(yǔ)句中運(yùn)用的比喻,不妥的一句是()A.他提著兩個(gè)沉甸甸的大包,氣喘吁吁地走著,像踩在棉花上似的深一腳、淺一腳。B.小戰(zhàn)士斜挎著沖鋒槍?zhuān)谄閸绲男÷飞舷蚯懊蜎_,腳步像踩在棉花上一般的輕快。C.一群仙女,踩在棉花似的云朵上,隨著隱隱傳來(lái)的仙樂(lè),冉冉地向遠(yuǎn)方飄去。D.她突然看見(jiàn)山路中央盤(pán)著一條大蛇,蛇頭昂起,張著大口,她頓時(shí)感到兩腳像踩在棉花上似的……17.對(duì)下面的廣告詞的分析,恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是()A.瑞士鐘表公司廣告:“本公司在世界各地的維修人員閑得無(wú)聊?!薄\(yùn)用反襯手法,說(shuō)明瑞士鐘表公司的維修人員是不太勤快,但瑞士鐘表公司的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量十分可靠。B.日本豐田汽車(chē)公司廣告:“車(chē)到山前必有路,有路必有豐田車(chē)?!薄\(yùn)用引用、對(duì)偶、夸張的手法說(shuō)明產(chǎn)品數(shù)量多、性能好。C.美國(guó)柯達(dá)公司廣告:“你只需按一下快門(mén),余下的一切由我來(lái)做?!薄\(yùn)用擬人的手法說(shuō)明產(chǎn)品的使用方便。D.湖南“天仙”電扇廠廣告:“實(shí)不相瞞,'天仙’的名氣是吹出來(lái)的?!薄\(yùn)用雙關(guān)的手法說(shuō)明產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)量大、質(zhì)量好。18.對(duì)下列古詩(shī)詞中加點(diǎn)部分的解說(shuō),不恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是()A.試問(wèn)閑愁都幾許?一川煙雨,滿城風(fēng)絮,梅子黃時(shí)雨?!\(yùn)用比喻,以景物喻愁思,烘托出閑愁之多。B.眾鳥(niǎo)高飛盡,孤云獨(dú)去閑。相看兩不厭,只有敬亭山?!\(yùn)用了擬人手法,表達(dá)了詩(shī)人愛(ài)山的深厚感情。C.借問(wèn)此何時(shí)?春風(fēng)語(yǔ)流螢?!f(shuō)“春風(fēng)”能“語(yǔ)”,賦予物以人的動(dòng)作,生動(dòng)而別有情趣。D.螟蟲(chóng)喧暮色,默思坐西林。聽(tīng)雨寒更盡,開(kāi)門(mén)落葉多?!\(yùn)用對(duì)比手法,以徹夜聽(tīng)雨反襯落葉之多。19.對(duì)下列句子的修辭手法及其表達(dá)作用的解釋?zhuān)徽_的一項(xiàng)是()A.“這個(gè)手術(shù)我來(lái)給你做,希望你能配合?!痹捳Z(yǔ)輕柔得像一團(tuán)云,一團(tuán)霧。不,像一團(tuán)松軟的棉球,輕輕地擦著病痛的傷口?!懊耷颉边@個(gè)喻體貼切,不僅符合醫(yī)生職業(yè)的特點(diǎn),而且切合患者當(dāng)時(shí)的心態(tài)。B.哦!我突然感覺(jué)到,我是看到了一個(gè)更是巴金的巴金。文靜、溫和、誠(chéng)摯的外表里,卻有一顆無(wú)比堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的心?!笠粋€(gè)“巴金”指代巴金的風(fēng)格和精神,突出了描述對(duì)象的特征,給人印象鮮明深刻。C.目前,我正興致勃勃地對(duì)自己的作品進(jìn)行“減肥”,將可有可無(wú)的字、句、段刪去,絕不吝惜?!獙⒆髌窋M人化,把刪削冗繁說(shuō)成是“減肥”,生動(dòng)幽默。D.小雪和妹妹常常不吃晚飯,就跑到海邊,把自己焊在礁石上,聽(tīng)潮起潮落,看日沉日升。--用擬物的方法夸大聽(tīng)潮觀海的癡迷程度,形象生動(dòng),有感染力。20.對(duì)下列句子的修辭方法及其表達(dá)作用的解釋?zhuān)徽_的一項(xiàng)是()A.江上的景色越發(fā)奇麗。兩岸都是懸崖峭壁,累累垂垂的石乳一直浸到江水里面,像蓮花,像海棠葉,像一掛一掛的葡萄,也像仙人騎鶴,樂(lè)手吹策……說(shuō)不定你忘記自己在漓江上了呢!——此句運(yùn)用了多個(gè)比喻句,寫(xiě)出漓江兩岸石乳的千姿百態(tài),進(jìn)而表現(xiàn)了漓江景色的奇麗。B.我們總希望一切都是完美的,總希望所有的機(jī)緣都能在同時(shí)出現(xiàn),總希望整條路上都是和風(fēng)麗日、鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)花香。卻沒(méi)想到,追求完美的我們,本身就是一種不完美,一種極端的不完美?!渲腥齻€(gè)“總希望”領(lǐng)起的排比句強(qiáng)調(diào)了“我們”對(duì)“完美”的希求,以及對(duì)完美難以得到的深深的惋惜。C.海與山綢繆在一起,分不出,是海侵入了山間,還是山誘俘了海水;只見(jiàn)海把山圍成了一角角的半島,山呢,把海圍成了一汪汪的海灣?!司溥\(yùn)用了擬人手法,形象、生動(dòng)地表現(xiàn)了海、山渾然一體的優(yōu)美意境。D.魯迅的骨頭是最硬的,他沒(méi)有絲毫的奴顏和媚骨,這是殖民地半殖民地人民最可寶貴的性格?!渲杏镁唧w而又可感的"骨頭"代替實(shí)際存在卻不可觸摸的抽象精神,給人以形象、深刻的感受。21.對(duì)下列句子的修辭方法及其表達(dá)作用的解釋?zhuān)徽_的一項(xiàng)是()A.什么是路?就是從沒(méi)路的地方踐踏出來(lái)的,從只有荊棘的地方開(kāi)辟出來(lái)的?!裁词锹?作者胸中早有定見(jiàn),只是故意提問(wèn),以引起別人對(duì)問(wèn)題的注意,接著給出答案,給人的印象鮮明深刻。B.以抒情而言,有的春風(fēng)得意、壯懷激烈,有的情愛(ài)幽怨、離愁別緒,有的憤世嫉俗、憂國(guó)憂民,有的悲秋傷逝、嗟老嘆卑……——用排比句的方式,將抒情的種種內(nèi)容列舉出來(lái),讀起來(lái)酣暢淋漓。C.黑龍江人常說(shuō)。這里的土,插根筷子都會(huì)發(fā)芽?!安甯曜佣紩?huì)發(fā)芽”的說(shuō)法是在打比方,以寫(xiě)土地的“肥沃”,表現(xiàn)黑龍江人對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的熱愛(ài),形象鮮明生動(dòng)。D.“橫眉冷對(duì)千夫指,俯首甘為孺子?!睉?yīng)該成為我們的座右銘。——句中“橫眉”與“俯首”,“冷對(duì)”與“甘為”,“千夫指”與“孺子?!倍际窍鄬?duì)的,整個(gè)句子形式勻稱(chēng),談起來(lái)聲音和諧,給人以美感。22.對(duì)下面一段話的分析,恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是()從遠(yuǎn)處看,郁郁蒼蒼,重重疊疊,望不到頭,到近處看,有的修直挺拔,好似當(dāng)年山頭的崗哨;有的密密麻麻,好似埋伏在深坳里的奇兵;有的看來(lái)出世還不久,卻也亭亭玉立,別有一番神采。A.作者運(yùn)用了比喻、擬人、反復(fù)的修辭手法,表現(xiàn)出井岡山的翠竹修長(zhǎng)茂密充滿自然美。B.作者運(yùn)用了排比、擬人、比喻的修辭手法,表現(xiàn)出井岡山的翠竹挺拔強(qiáng)勁,充滿頑強(qiáng)的生命力。C.作者運(yùn)用了比喻、排比、夸張的修辭方法,表現(xiàn)出井岡山的翠竹修長(zhǎng)茂密,充滿自然美。D.作者運(yùn)用了比喻、排比、反復(fù)的修辭方法,表現(xiàn)出井岡山的翠竹挺拔、強(qiáng)勁,充滿了頑強(qiáng)的生命力。
[答案]1.C2.A3.D4.C(都運(yùn)用了借代的修辭手法)5.A6.D7.A8.A9.C10.A11.D(A項(xiàng)“陰云”還有散去的時(shí)候,比喻不當(dāng)。B項(xiàng)“三廢”沒(méi)有“虎豹”的行為暴烈,比喻不當(dāng)C項(xiàng)“三廢”與“強(qiáng)盜”的行為沒(méi)有相似點(diǎn))12.A13.C14.D15.C16.B17.D18.D(不是對(duì)比,也不一定整夜都在聽(tīng)雨)19.B20.B(簡(jiǎn)析:三個(gè)"總希望"領(lǐng)起的排比句強(qiáng)調(diào)了"我們"對(duì)"完美"的希求,但并沒(méi)有表達(dá)"對(duì)完美難以得到的深深的惋惜"。"卻沒(méi)想到"后面表達(dá)的應(yīng)是作者對(duì)"我們"希求完美的這種思想的否定)21.C(此項(xiàng)是夸張手法,給人以強(qiáng)烈突出的印象。)22.B
修辭運(yùn)用練習(xí)題1.從運(yùn)用的修辭手法的角度看,不同于其他三項(xiàng)的一項(xiàng)是A.風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨過(guò)日子,炎炎涼涼看世態(tài)。B.談笑有長(zhǎng)官,往來(lái)無(wú)百姓。C.文學(xué)似海樂(lè)無(wú)邊,官爵如花榮有限。D.寧為八方苦水"流浪魚(yú)",不作一棵樹(shù)上"吊死鬼"。2.下列句子沒(méi)有使用比喻修辭手法的一項(xiàng)是A.嫩綠和墨綠的植被編織出碩大無(wú)邊的氈毯,一直鋪展到天邊。B.時(shí)間與空間好像在你的腦海里,無(wú)止境地延伸著,延伸著。C.從破敗的城墻中,他們看到了美,一種殘損的美,像維納斯。D.日記本是我的所愛(ài),就如同我兒時(shí)的抽屜,里面裝滿了釘子和小刀。3.對(duì)下邊各句中的“像”的分析,正確的一項(xiàng)是①就說(shuō)那個(gè)野蔥吧,香氣和家蔥一樣,味道卻像剛結(jié)出的李子。②只在小路的旁邊,漏著幾段空隙,像是特為月光留下的。③他倆就像一個(gè)模子鑄出來(lái)的兩枚希臘古幣。④這些字貼掛在我們課桌的鐵桿子,就像許多面小國(guó)旗在教室里飄揚(yáng)。A.①②副詞,表猜測(cè);③④動(dòng)詞,表比喻。B.①動(dòng)詞,表比較;②副詞,表猜測(cè);③④動(dòng)詞,表比喻。C.都是動(dòng)詞,①②表比較,③④表比喻。D.①③④動(dòng)詞,表比喻;②副詞,表猜測(cè)。4.下列句中有明喻、暗喻、借喻三種類(lèi)型,選出歸類(lèi)正確的一項(xiàng)。①葉子出水很高,像亭亭的舞女的裙。②目錄學(xué)是打開(kāi)一切科學(xué)寶庫(kù)的鑰匙。③浪花向上拋,開(kāi)成千萬(wàn)朵盛開(kāi)的白蓮。④她不染一絲塵滓,宛然一塊溫潤(rùn)的碧玉。⑤要論中國(guó)人,必須不被搽在表面的自欺人的脂粉所誆騙,卻要看他的筋骨和脊梁。⑥何故懷瑾握瑜,而自令見(jiàn)放為?A.①④/②③/⑤⑥
B.①③/②④/⑤⑥C.①⑤/③⑥/②④
D.①②/③⑤/④⑥5.在語(yǔ)義上與“天邊偶爾飄浮著淡淡白云”構(gòu)成最貼切的比喻句的一項(xiàng)是A.形成朵朵盛開(kāi)的白蓮。B.就像白緞上繡著幾朵淺淺的銀色的暗花。C.像從別的什么仙境飄來(lái)片片銀色的羽毛。D.好像鑲嵌在藍(lán)色的玻璃上的幾片潔凈的羽毛。6.根據(jù)文意,在下邊空缺處該填的恰當(dāng)?shù)挠黧w,正確的一項(xiàng)是
開(kāi)拓者的美名,令人神往、羨慕、崇敬。它,
般吸引著青年人去奮斗,去追求,去踏勘,去撈取知識(shí)的珍貝,去擷取科學(xué)上的明珠。A.有如千萬(wàn)朵盛開(kāi)的白蓮B.好像一只只潔白的羔羊C.像從仙境倏然飄來(lái)的片片銀色的羽毛D.仿佛高高聳立的垛垛銀棉7.下列各句中修辭手法的運(yùn)用,恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫茿.譬如《三大紀(jì)律八項(xiàng)注意》那首歌吧,從蘇區(qū)開(kāi)始,就一直是紅軍、八路軍、新四軍和人民解放軍的先遣部隊(duì)。B.蕎麥正開(kāi)花,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望去像一張粉紅色的地毯,地毯的邊緣上長(zhǎng)著森林一般的大麻和玉米。C.甬道兩旁那婀娜多姿的垂柳,雄赳赳地站在路邊,仿佛是在列隊(duì)歡迎我們的到來(lái)。D.他想到為社會(huì)主義祖國(guó)爭(zhēng)光,就像離弦的箭一樣,堅(jiān)決要求火速去工地。8.“有的側(cè)身探海”一句應(yīng)放在下文①、②、③、④的哪一處有的石頭像蓮花瓣,有的像大象頭,有的像老人,有的像臥虎,①有的錯(cuò)落成橋,②有的兀立如柱,③有的怒目相向。有的什么也不像,黑乎乎的,一動(dòng)不動(dòng),④堵住你的去路。A.①處
B.②處
C.③處
D.④處9.分別與前面的語(yǔ)句構(gòu)成最佳對(duì)偶句的一項(xiàng)是
今天在追悼李公樸、聞一多兩先生,時(shí)局極端險(xiǎn)惡,
。但是此時(shí)此地,有何話可說(shuō)?我謹(jǐn)以最虔誠(chéng)的信念,向殉難者默誓:心不死,
,和平可期,
,殺人者終必覆滅。A.人民無(wú)比沉痛
志不絕
爭(zhēng)取民生B.人心異常悲痛
志不絕
民主有望C.人心異常悲痛
意志堅(jiān)
民主自由D.人民生活痛苦
斗志昂
民主有望10.下面是一首七言絕句,描繪了一幅色彩鮮麗、芳香四溢的夏日?qǐng)D景。原詩(shī)的順序已經(jīng)打亂,請(qǐng)選出排列正確的一項(xiàng)
①樓臺(tái)倒影
池塘②滿架薔薇
院香
③小移簾動(dòng)微風(fēng)
④綠樹(shù)陰
夏日長(zhǎng)A.①③②④
B.④②③①
C.④①③②
D.③①②④11.根據(jù)上題選出的正確順序,填入詩(shī)句中的詞語(yǔ),正確的一項(xiàng)是A.映來(lái)涼庚
B.吹照滿下C.陰小飄進(jìn)
D.濃入起一12.下列各句中比喻運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫茿.他提著兩個(gè)包,氣喘吁吁地走著,像踩在棉花上深一腳、淺一腳。B.小戰(zhàn)士斜挎著沖鋒槍?zhuān)谄閸绲纳铰飞厦蜎_,腳步像踩在棉花上般的輕快。C.一群仙女,踩在棉花似的云朵上,隨著隱隱的仙樂(lè),冉冉地向遠(yuǎn)方飄去。D.她突然瞥見(jiàn)路中央盤(pán)看一條大蛇,蛇頭昂起,張著大口,她頓時(shí)感到兩腳像踩在棉花上似的。13.以下幾句運(yùn)用修辭方法恰當(dāng),并確實(shí)增強(qiáng)了表達(dá)效果的一項(xiàng)是A.海外兒女思鄉(xiāng),思鄉(xiāng),思鄉(xiāng),此情此意久長(zhǎng)。B.他的話沒(méi)有實(shí)質(zhì)內(nèi)容,全得像戰(zhàn)鼓一樣。C.蒲公英柔軟的莖上頂著小黃傘,雄糾糾地守衛(wèi)在道路兩旁。D.個(gè)人的自學(xué),個(gè)人的努力,個(gè)人的獨(dú)立鉆研,是主要的;但是適當(dāng)?shù)挠懻?,相互的討論,集體的討論也是必要的。14.下面是《雨中登泰山》中的一段話,后面列出的四種分析,哪一種更能確切地反映作者的意圖和表現(xiàn)方法?
┅┅但是把人的心靈帶到一種崇高的境界的,卻是那些“吸翠霞而夭矯”的松樹(shù)。它們不怕山高,把根扎在懸崖絕壁的隙縫,身子扭得像盤(pán)龍柱子,在半空展開(kāi)枝葉,像是和狂風(fēng)烏云爭(zhēng)奪天日,又像是和清風(fēng)白云游戲。有的松樹(shù)望穿秋水,不見(jiàn)你來(lái),獨(dú)自上到高處,斜著身子張望。有的松樹(shù)像一頂墨綠大傘,支開(kāi)了等你。有的松樹(shù)自得其樂(lè),顯出一副瀟灑的模樣。不管怎么樣,都讓你覺(jué)得它們是泰山的天然的主人,好像少了誰(shuí)都不該似的。A.作者運(yùn)用借代、擬人等修辭方法,表現(xiàn)了松樹(shù)在逆境中奮斗的自豪感和旺盛的生命力。B.作者運(yùn)用比喻、擬人等修辭方法,表現(xiàn)了松樹(shù)千姿百態(tài)、各具情趣的自然景色。C.作者運(yùn)用比喻、擬人等修辭手法,表現(xiàn)了松樹(shù)在逆境中奮斗的自豪感和是旺盛的生命力。D.作者運(yùn)用借代、擬人等修辭手法,表現(xiàn)了松樹(shù)的千姿百態(tài)、各具情趣的自然景色。15.下列句子運(yùn)用夸張手法不當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫茿.山高水險(xiǎn)石卡卡,紅苕洋芋包谷耙。要想吃碗大米飯,除非坐月生娃娃,等到大米找回來(lái),娃娃已經(jīng)滿地爬。B.王老漢種的甜瓜,幾十里外就聞到瓜香了。C.面片搟得一張紙,面條切下一條線,下到鍋里蓮花轉(zhuǎn),盛到碗里賽牡丹。D.玉米稻子密又濃,鋪天蓋地不透風(fēng),就是衛(wèi)星掉下來(lái),也要彈回半空中。16.對(duì)下面的詩(shī)句的解說(shuō),錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)是A.“眾鳥(niǎo)高飛盡,孤云獨(dú)去閑。相看兩不厭,只有敬亭山?!?李白《獨(dú)坐敬亭山》)——后兩句以擬人方法寫(xiě)出山之靈秀、可愛(ài),也表現(xiàn)了詩(shī)人自己的情懷。B.“浮云游子意,落日故人情?!?李白《送友人》)——“浮云”、“落日”既是寫(xiě)景,也是比喻,景美情深,感人至切。C.“兩岸猿聲啼不住,輕舟已過(guò)萬(wàn)重山。”(李白《朝發(fā)白帝城》)——用夸張的寫(xiě)法寫(xiě)出舟行之速,一派喜悅興奮之情躍然紙上。D.“山從人面起,云傍馬頭生?!?李白《送友人入蜀》)——“起”“生”二字,用擬人的寫(xiě)法表現(xiàn)了山勢(shì)險(xiǎn)峻、白云悠閑。17.含有比喻和比擬兩種修辭方法,并且使用都恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫茿.車(chē)在奔馳,風(fēng)在歡笑,將要成熟的晚稻像片片彩霞落在遼闊的大地上。B.雄偉莊嚴(yán)的天安門(mén)經(jīng)歷了千萬(wàn)次戰(zhàn)斗的風(fēng)雨,帶著億萬(wàn)人民勝利的豪情,傲然屹立。C.當(dāng)代藝術(shù)界、體育界、衛(wèi)生界的不少女性,都有許多輝煌的成就,豈止不讓須眉,還多占幾分春色。D.在那夜闌人靜屋暖花香的氛圍里,她的話正如打開(kāi)閘門(mén)的潮水,快活地向外奔。18.下列各句修辭手法的使用,恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是A.郝海東一記遠(yuǎn)射,又硬又刁鉆,猶如“長(zhǎng)二捆”火箭升天,皮球直飛向?qū)Ψ角蜷T(mén)。B.秋雨跳著歡樂(lè)的舞,一下就是幾天,什么活也干不了,
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