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方位介詞圖解方位介詞如:Becareful,thereisaheavyboxoveryourhead。Thesunisabovethemountainintheeast。Therearesomestampsonthedesk。Thepositionhepointedtowasbelowthesealevel。Thelittlemouseisunderthetable,soitisnoteasytofindit。TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossdesert,overmountains,throughvalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea。ThecrowdofpeoplewalkedpasttheCityHalltotheCenterSquare。at,in兩詞均表示地點,“在……處”。at用于指較小的地方,如在門牌號碼前;in用于指較大的地方。如:We’llmeeteachotheratthepark。我們將在公園見面。Mr.WhitelivedinHongKongfor20years。懷特先生在香港生活了20年。in,on,to用在方位名詞前的區(qū)別三詞都可表示兩地之間的方位關(guān)系。in表示在某范圍之內(nèi);to表示在某范圍之外;on表示“毗鄰”、“接壤”。如:Shandongprovinceis/liesintheeastofChina。(在某范圍之內(nèi))Shandongis/liestothesoutheastofHebeiprovince。(在某范圍之外)Mongoliais/liesonthenorthofChina。(接壤)from,outof二詞均表示來源或出處。from側(cè)重起點,意為“從……”;outof側(cè)重于從里向外,意為“從……里出來”。如:Theshoutingofthesoldiers’drillingcouldbeheardfromtheplayground。Shetookthepassportoutofherhandbagandshowedittothepoliceman。Wearemovingoutofourflat。ThetrainfromLondonarriveshereatnineo’clock。時間介詞at,in,on,byat的用法用于表示時間點、時刻等。如:at12:00,atnoon,atnight,atmidnight,atdawn,atdaybreak;用于表示較短暫的一段時間,可指某個節(jié)日或被認(rèn)為是一年中標(biāo)志大事的日子。如:atChristmas。in的用法表示在某個較長的時間內(nèi)(如世紀(jì)、朝代、年代、月及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等)。如:inthe1980s,inQingDynasty,inOctober,inthemorning/afternoon/evening。表示在一段時間之后。如:I’llbebackinanhour。我將在一小時后回來。表示“及時”:intime。on的用法用于表示具體的日子或一個待定的時間,如某日、某節(jié)日、星期幾等。如:onOctoberthefirst,onarainyday,onNationalDay。用于表示特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如:ontheeveofvictory,onthemorningofJanuarythethird,ontheafternoonofhisarrival。表示“準(zhǔn)時,按時”:ontime。by的用法表示“不遲于……,在(某時)前”。如:Hemusthavearrivedtherebynow。他現(xiàn)在一定已經(jīng)到了。We’llhavefinishedtheworkbyteno’clocktomorrow。我們在明天十點之前就會完成工作。表示“在……期間”“在……時間內(nèi)”。如:Heworkedbynightandsleptbyday。他晚上工作,白天睡覺。說明:當(dāng)時間名詞前有this,that,last,next,some,every等詞限定時,通常不用任何介詞。after,inin表示時間,常表示“在……時間之內(nèi)”,有時in還有“在……時間之后”的意思,但表示此意時,必須具備兩個條件:(1)所修飾的動詞必須表將來;(2)后面必須是一段時間。這兩個條件缺一不可,否則應(yīng)用after或later來表達(dá)。如:Myfatherwillbebackinthreedays。我父親將在三天以后回來。Myfatherwillbebackafter3o’clock。我父親將在3點后回來。Myfathercamebackafter3days/3daysafter/3dayslater。我父親是在3天后回來的。工具、手段、方式介詞by,in,on三詞都表示旅行的方式不涉及交通工具的名詞時用by,名詞前不帶冠詞。如bysea,bywater,byland,byrail,byair等。涉及交通工具的名詞時用by,但名詞需用單數(shù),其前面不加冠詞或任何修飾語。如bybike,bytaxi,byplane,byship/boat,bytrain,byspaceship等。當(dāng)旅行方式涉及確定特指的交通工具時,用on或in,名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語。如:traveltoNewYorkinthisplane,leaveonanearlytrain,gotoschoolonmybike等。說明:步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。如:onfoot,onhorseback,onahorse,onthecamel。with,by,in三詞均譯為“用”,表示行為的工具、手段或方式。、with用于有形的工具或身體某些器官之前,其后的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞等修飾。如:Theyarediggingwithapick/spade。Weseewithoureyes,hearwithourears,andwalkwithourlegs。by,in,on(over,through)等多用于無形的工具或方式手段之前。如byhand,inink,onthetelephone,overtheradio,throughthetelescope等。說明:使用語言、原料、材料時用in表示,如:inEnglish/Japanese,inblueink。表達(dá)“用……方法/方式”時,所用介詞分別為:inthis/that/thesamewaybymeansofbythis/thatmeanswiththis/thatmethod原因介詞原因介詞有:becauseof,dueto,thankstobecauseof“因為,由于”,通常作狀語,位于句首或句中。dueto“由于,因為”,通常作表語。thanksto“幸虧,多虧”,既可用于褒義,又可用于貶義,多用于句首。如:ThesportsmeetingwillbeputofftillnextSaturdaybecauseoftheheavyrain。Hisillnesswasduetosmokinganddrinking。ThankstotheParty’sgoodpolicy,thefarmersarenowlivingahappyandrichlife。易錯知識總結(jié)for與of表示不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.=sb.+be+adj.+todosth.當(dāng)形容詞說明不定式邏輯主語的性質(zhì)、特性時,用of。常見的形容詞有kind,good,nice,clever,stupid,foolish,considerate,polite,impolite,cruel等。如:Itiskindoftheteacherstohelpsupportthepoorstudents。=Theteachersarekindtohelpsupportthepoorstudents。Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.當(dāng)形容詞說明不定式的性質(zhì)時,用for。常見的形容詞有important,necessary,possible,impossible等。如:Itisquiteimportantforustoprotectourenvironment。on與in表示處于某種狀態(tài)on用于表示動態(tài)狀況,如正在從事某項活動或處于某種運動狀態(tài)之中。如:onbusiness出差;onavisit在訪問;onstrike在罷工;onsale在出售;onshow在上映;onwatch在站崗/放哨;onfire在著火;onvacation/holiday在度假。in多用于表示靜態(tài)狀況,如安全、危險、健康、涉及人的情緒等。如:introuble陷入困境;indanger處于危險中;inorder有序,有條理;insurprise驚訝地;insilence默默地;inhigh/lowspirits情緒高漲/低落。besides,except,but,otherthan,exceptfor的區(qū)別用于否定句時,besides,except與but可相互替換。如:Nootherstudentspassedthedifficultmathexamexcept/besides/butLinTaoandWuDong。用于肯定句時的區(qū)別except意為:notincluding除……之外(不再有……)。如:WeallpassedtheexamexceptTom。除湯姆(沒及格)外,我們都及格了。(湯姆沒及格)說明:當(dāng)except用于句首時,后面往往要加上for。如:Exceptforthis,everythingisingoodorder。=Everythingisingoodorderexceptthis。除此之外,一切狀況良好。besides意為:inadditionto除……之外(還有……)。如:WeallpassedtheexambesidesTom。除了湯姆外,我們也都及格了。(湯姆也及格了)注意:besides在句中的位置較靈活,可放在句首,亦可放在句中;而except多放在句中。此外,except前幾乎總有all,any,every,no及其復(fù)合詞等,而besides前可用,也可不用,依句意而定。如:Heansweredallthequestionsexceptthelastone。除最后一個問題沒有答外,其余問題他都答了。Ihaveafewfriendsbesidesyou。除了你之外,我還有幾個朋友。AllofthemwenttoBeijinglastsummerbesidesTom。除了湯姆外,他們?nèi)ツ晗奶煲捕既チ吮本xceptfor表示“除了(因為)……”之意,用來表示從某一細(xì)節(jié)方面來修正前面概括性的說法,其后的賓語一般與句子所涉及的東西不屬同類。如:Thecompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes。這篇作文很好,只是有一些拼寫錯誤。except和but/otherthan后都可接名詞、代詞、動名詞、動詞原形,并且可以互換;但except后接副詞、介詞短語、when從句等時,but/otherthan不可替換except。如:Hehasalwaysbeeninhighspiritsexceptrecently。除近來外,他總是精神飽滿。(副詞)Thewindowisneveropenedexceptinsummer。除夏季外,這扇窗戶從不打開。(介詞短語)HehasalwaysbeenbusyexceptwhenitisSunday。除星期日外,他總是很忙。(when從句)but,except后都可接that從句作賓語,兩者可以互換。如:Iaskednothingfromhimbut/exceptthatheshouldwritetomeeveryotherweek。我只要求他每兩周給我寫一封信。besides還可用作副詞,意為“inaddition;also;moreover;furthermore(而且;還有)”。如:Idon’twanttogo;besides,Iamtootired。我不想去,再說我也太累了。in與of表示比較的范圍二詞均可引出一個可供比較的范圍,適用于形容詞和副詞的最高級,指三者或三者以上的人或事物的比較。但是in表示限定在某個范圍內(nèi)的最高級;of表示同一類人或事物中的最高級;of還可以用于兩類兩者之間的比較,但比較級前需加定冠詞the。如:TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina。Marysingsbestintheschool。Ofalltheboys,Jackrunsthefastest。Tomseemstobethemorediligentofthetwobrothers。for與to表示后置的間接賓語buy/do/cook/fetch/find/get/make/order/save/sing…+sth.+for+sb.bring/give/leave/lend/offer/pay/pass/read/refuse/return/promise/send/show/teach/tell/throw/write…+sth.+to+sb.當(dāng)形容詞被副詞too或enough修飾時,其后只能用for。如:Theshirtistoolargeforme。在Itis+adj.+forsb./ofsb.+todosth.句式中只用for/of,不能用to。at,from,in的有關(guān)表達(dá)at:atdawn拂曉;atdaybreak拂曉;atsunrise日出時;atsunset/sundown日落時;atnoon在下午;atdusk在黃昏;atnight在夜晚;athome在家;attable在用餐;atschool在上學(xué);atcollege在上大學(xué);atrisk有危險,冒風(fēng)險;atlast最后;atrest靜止不動from:frommemory憑記憶;fromcovertocover從頭至尾;fromdaytoday日復(fù)一日;frombeginningtoend從頭到尾;fromheadtotoe從頭到腳in:inhigh/poor/badspirits情緒高漲/低落;intears熱淚盈眶;infear在恐懼中;indanger在危險中;inpeace和平相處;insafety很安全;inneed需要;ingoodorder很整齊;insilence靜靜地;ingoodhealth身體好;inafever在發(fā)燒;inlove在熱戀中;inpublic在公共場所;indoubt有疑問;inprint在印刷;inflower在開花of+抽象名詞=形容詞of+great/much+抽象名詞=very+形容詞;of+no+抽象名詞=not+形容詞。如:Itisofgreat/muchvalue。=Itisveryvaluable。ThecamelisofgreathelptotheArab。=ThecamelisveryhelpfultotheArab。to與情感名詞連用to與情感名詞連用,表示某種行動后產(chǎn)生的感覺。toone’sdelight/surprise/horror/sorrow/joy/regret=tothedelight/surprise/horror/sorrow/joy/regretofsb.。這種表達(dá)法表示結(jié)果,用作狀語,位于句前、中、后皆可。為了強調(diào),可在前面加much,意為“使某人……的是”。as和like的區(qū)別兩個詞都有“像……”的意思,但作此意講時,as為連詞,后面加句子;like為介詞,后面加名詞、代詞等;當(dāng)前面有such,as,thesame時,后面也用as。此外as做介詞時,還有“作為……”等其他意思。如:DoasIdo。像我這樣來做。(as后面跟句子,美國人也常說DolikeIdo。)Ihavethesamebookasyou(have)。我和你有同樣的書。Helookslikehisfather。他長得像他父親。Adultasheis,hismotheralwaystreatshimasachild。雖然他已長大成人,但他媽媽總是像待孩子那樣待他。with的用法with在英語中用法繁多,其主要用法如下:表示“和……在一起”、“由……陪同”或“有……在場”的意思。如:Mr.andMrs.Smithwerethere,withtheirfamilyofthreesmallchildren。史密斯夫婦帶著他們?nèi)齻€年幼的孩子都在那兒。表示兩種事物之間的相應(yīng)關(guān)系或齊頭并進(jìn)的意思。如:Withtimepassing,theyhavegrownintobigboysandbiggirls。隨著時間的流逝,她們都長成大小伙子和大姑娘了。Temperaturevarywiththetimeoftheyear。溫度隨著時節(jié)而變化。表示“帶有,帶來,帶走,攜帶”等,表伴隨的意思。如:IhavecalledwithamessageforMrs.Thompson。我有口信帶給湯普森夫人。Hecamedownstairswithhiscoatoverhisarm。他把外衣搭在胳膊上走下樓來。引導(dǎo)一個表示方式的狀語附加語。如:Shelaybackinthechairwithhereyesclosed。她閉著眼睛背靠在椅子上坐著。Helookedatmewithafrown。他皺著眉頭看我。同樣的用法還有:withasneer嘲笑的,withasigh嘆聲嘆氣地,withasob抽噎的,withalaugh哈哈一笑、大笑著。指原因或理由。如:Shewasshiveringwithcold。她冷的發(fā)抖。Hisfacewasredwithanger。他的臉氣得通紅。Mywifeisinbedwithinfluenza。我的妻子得了流行性感冒,臥病在床。by的用法表示“不遲于(某時間)”的意思。如:Ihavepromisedtohavetheworkfinishedbytheendofthisweek。我已經(jīng)答應(yīng)本周末完成這項工作了。表示“在……期間”(一段指明的時間)的意思。如:Theydecidedtotravelbynight。他們決定在夜里旅行。指人體或物體的某一部分。此人此物,句中前面的總述對此有較為明確的特指。如:Heseizedmebythearm。他抓住了我的胳膊。表示“由于……的結(jié)果”的意思。如:Hesucceededbyhardwork。他由于努力工作而成功了。含有“到……的程度”的意思。如:Thisoneisshorterthantheotherbythreeinches。這一個比那一個短三英寸。Welostthematchbyonegoal。我們以一球之差輸了那場比賽。表示買賣東西時用以計量的數(shù)或量,或付酬時用以計算的時間。如:Milkissoldbythepint,butterbythepound,andeggsbythedozen。牛奶論品脫賣,黃油論磅賣,蛋類論打賣。表示“按照……”或“根據(jù)……”的意思。如:Bymywatch,thetimeishalfpasteleven。按我的表,現(xiàn)在是十一點半。Bytheexpressiononhisface,heseemedtobedispleased。從他的面部表情來看,他似乎不高興。表示“因……而得到結(jié)果”或“憑著……”的意思。如:ItwasonlybychancethatIheardthenews。我只是偶然聽到了這個消息。介詞與某些詞類的搭配名詞與介詞的固定搭配要求用to的名詞:key,answer,visit,apology,introduction,attitude,monument,devotion等要求用in的名詞:interest,satisfaction,expert等要求用on的名詞:mercy,congratulations,effect等要求用其他介詞的名詞:prizefor,respectfor,victoryover,strugglewith,excusefor,forfearof等形容詞與介詞的固定搭配要求用at的形容詞:afraid,angry,good,bad,clever,surprised,excited,puzzled,frightened要求用of的形容詞:afraid,sure,certain,full,tired,fond,proud,worthy要求用with的形容詞:angry,strict,careful,busy,popular,patient要求用in的形容詞:weak,strict,rich,interested,successful,slow要求用to的形容詞:next,good,polite,kind,cruel,rude,known,married,close,similar,due要求用for的形容詞:sorry,famous,fit,unfit,eager,anxious,hungry要求用from的形容詞:far,different,free,safe,absent,tired要求用about的形容詞:sorry,worried,curious,anxious,careful,sure,certain注意:同一形容詞與不同的介詞搭配其含義不同。如:高考近義詞辨析clothes,cloth,clothing

clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服,謂語動詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù),cloth指布,為不可數(shù)名詞clothing服裝的總稱,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof

2.incident,accident

incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.

3.amount,number

amount后接不可數(shù)名詞,number后接可數(shù)名詞anumberofstudents

4.family,house,home

home家,包括住處和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成員.Myfamilyisahappyone.

5.sound,voice,noise

sound自然界各種各樣的聲音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.

6.photo,picture,drawing

photo用照相機拍攝的照片,picture可指相片,圖片,電影片,drawing畫的畫

Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.

7.vocabulary,word

vocabulary詞匯,一個人擁有的單詞量,word具體的單詞Hehasalargevocabulary.

8.population,people

population人口,人數(shù),people具體的人Chinahasalargepopulation.

9.weather,climate

weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況,climate長期的氣候狀況Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.

10.road,street,path,way

road具體的公路,馬路,street街道,path小路,小徑,way道路,途徑

takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.

11.course,subject

course課程(可包括多門科目),subject科目(具體的學(xué)科)asummercourse

12.custom,habit

custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗,習(xí)俗,也可指生活習(xí)慣,后接todo,habit生活習(xí)慣,習(xí)慣成自然,后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.

13.cause,reason

cause指造成某一事實或現(xiàn)象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate

14.exercise,exercises,practice

exercise運動,鍛煉(不可數(shù)),exercises練習(xí)(可數(shù)),practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)

Practicemakesperfect.

15.class,lesson

作"課"解時,兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson.指班級或全體學(xué)生用class.lesson6;class5

16.speech,talk,lecture

speech指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說,talk日常生活中的一般的談話,講話,lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講,講課aseriesoflectureon…

17.officer,official

officer部隊的軍官,official政府官員anarmyofficer

18.work,job

二者均指工作。work不可數(shù),job可數(shù)agoodjob

19.couple,pair

couple主要指人或動物,pair多指由兩部分組成的東西apairoftrousers

20.country,nation,state,land

country側(cè)重指版圖,疆域,nation指人民,國民,民族,state側(cè)重指政府,政體,land國土,國家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.

21.cook,cooker

cook廚師,cooker廚具Heisagoodcook.

22.damage,damages

damage不可數(shù)名詞,損害,損失;damages復(fù)數(shù)形式,賠償金$900damages

23.police,policeman

police警察的總稱,后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞,policeman指某個具體的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.

24.problem,question

problem常和困難連系,前面的動詞常為thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑問連系,多和ask,answer連用

25.man,aman

man人類,aman一個男人Manwillconquernature.

26.chick,chicken

二者均可指小雞,chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉Thechickenisdelicious.

27.telegram,telegraph

當(dāng)電報解時,telegram指具體的,telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph

28.trip,journey,travel,voyage

travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍長的旅途,voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip

29.sport,game

sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動,如打球,游泳,打獵,賽馬等;game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲,通常有一套規(guī)則Hisfavoritesportisswimming.

30.price,prize

price價格,prize獎,獎品,獎金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.

31.anumberof,thenumberof

anumberof許多,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。thenumberof…的數(shù)目,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.

32.infrontof,inthefrontof

infrontof范圍外的前面,inthefrontof范圍內(nèi)的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.

33.oftheday,ofaday

oftheday每一天的,當(dāng)時的,當(dāng)代的,ofaday暫時的,不長久的afamousscientistoftheday

34.threeofus,thethreeofus

threeofus我們(不止三個)中的三個,thethreeofus我們?nèi)齻€(就三個人)Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.

35.bybus,onthebus

bybus表手段,方式,不用冠詞,onthebus表范圍Theywenttherebybus.

36.foramoment,forthemoment

foramoment片刻,一會兒,forthemoment暫時,一時Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.

37.nextyear,thenextyear

nextyear將來時間狀語,thenextyear過去將來時間狀語

Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.

38.morethanayear,morethanoneyear

morethanayear一年多,morethanoneyear超過一年(兩年或三年等)

39.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advice

takeadvice征求意見,taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.

40.takeair,taketheair

takeair傳播,走漏,taketheair到戶外去,散步Wetaketheaireveryday.

41.inaword,inwords

inaword總之,一句話,inwords口頭上Inaword,youareright.

42.inplaceof,intheplaceof

inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.

43.insecret,inthesecret

insecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作狀語;inthesecret知道內(nèi)情,知道秘密,

一般用作表語Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.

44.agirl,onegirl

agirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一個女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?

45.takeachair,takethechair

takeachair相當(dāng)于sitdown坐下,takethechair開始開會

46.gotosea,bysea,bythesea

gotosea當(dāng)海員,出航,bysea乘船,由海路,bythesea在海邊gobysea

47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher

thedoctorandteacher指一個人,既是醫(yī)生又是老師,thedoctorandtheteacher兩個人,一個醫(yī)生和一個老師thedoctorandteacheris

48.inoffice,intheoffice

inoffice在職的,intheoffice在辦公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.

49.inbed,onthebed

inbed臥在床上,onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.

50.inchargeof,inthechargeof

inchargeof管理,負(fù)責(zé)照料,inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.

51.inclass,intheclass

inclass在課上,intheclass在班級里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.

52.onfire,onthefire

onfire著火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.

53.outofquestion,outofthequestion

outofquestion毫無疑問的,outofthequestion不可能的

54.asecond,thesecond

asecond又一,再一,thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.

55.byday,bytheday

byday白天,bytheday按天計算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.

56.thepeople,apeople

thepeople指人,apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.

57.it,one

it同一物體,one同類不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.

58.that,this

that指代上文所提到的,this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的Iwasill.That'swhy…

59.none,nothing,noone

none強調(diào)有多少,nothing,noone強調(diào)有沒有,nothing指物,noone指人

---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.

60.anyone,anyone

anyone指人,不能接of,anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou

61.who,what

who指姓名或關(guān)系,what指職業(yè)或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.

62.what,which

what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的,which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇

Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?

63.other,another

other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù),another后接名詞單數(shù)otherstudents,anotherstudent

64.notalittle,notabit

notalittle非常,notabit一點也不I'mnotabittired.我一點兒也不累。

65.many,much,alotof

many和可數(shù)名詞連用,much和不可數(shù)名詞連用,alotof可數(shù),不可數(shù)均可,但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.

66.muchmore…than,manymore…than

muchmore…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞,manymore…than后接可數(shù)名詞manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful

67.no,not

no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater

68.nomorethan,notmorethan

nomorethan相當(dāng)于only,僅僅,只有,notmorethan至多,不超過

69.majority,most

majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞,most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可themajorityofpeople

70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself

byoneself單獨的,獨自的,foroneself為自己,tooneself供自己用的,ofoneself自行的,

自動的Thedooropenedofitself.

71.atall,afterall

atall根本,全然,afterall到底,畢竟Afterallheisachild.

72.tall,high

tall常指人或動物,high常指物體Heistall.

73.fast,quickly

fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點,quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly

74.high,highly

high具體的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof

75.healthy,healthful

healthy健康的,健壯的,healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise

76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy

sleeping正在睡覺,asleep睡著,熟睡,只能做表語,sleepy困的,有睡意的

asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.

77.gold,golden

gold指真金制品,golden指金色的,但金魚用goldfishagoldring

78.most,mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中,相當(dāng)于very,當(dāng)大部分,大多數(shù)解時是形容詞或名詞,

mostly大部分,是副詞mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…

79.just,very

just表強調(diào)時是副詞,作狀語,very表強調(diào)時是形容詞,用作定語theveryman,justtheman

80.wide,broad

wide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離,broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broadshoulders

81.real,true

real真的,真實的,指的是事實上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,指的是事實和實際情況相符合realgold,atruestory

82.respectful,respectable

respectful尊敬,有禮貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged

83.outwards,outward

二者均可用作副詞,表示向外,外面,outward還可用作形容詞anoutwardvoyage

84.pleasant,pleased,pleasing

pleasant常用作定語,pleased,pleasing常用作表語,pleased主語常為人,

pleasing主語常為物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.

85.understanding,understandable

understanding明白事理的,能體諒的,understandable可理解的,能夠懂的

anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake

86.close,closely

close接近,靠近,closely緊緊地,緊密地closelyconnected,standclose

87.ill,sick

ill做表語,sick定,表均可asickboy

88.good,well

good形容詞,well副詞,但指身體狀況是形容詞Heiswellagain.

89.quiet,silent,still

quiet安靜的,可以發(fā)出小的聲音,silent不發(fā)出聲音,但可以動,still完全不動,完全無聲響Hestandtherestill.他站在那兒,一動不動,也不說話。

90.hard,hardly

hard努力,hardly幾乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.

91.able,capable

able與不定式todo連用,capable與of連用Heiscapableofdoing…

92.almost,nearly

二者均為"幾乎,差不多"和否定詞連用用almostalmostnobody

93.late,lately

late遲,晚,lately最近,近來Ihaven'tseenhimlately.

94.living,alive,live,lively

living,alive,live均為活著的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定語后置,live只能做定語,lively意為活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive

95.excited,exciting

excited使人興奮的,exciting令人興奮的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.

96.deep,deeply

deep具體的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeplymoved,digdeep

97.aloud,loud

aloud出聲地,loud大聲地readaloud(出聲地讀)

98.worth,worthy

二者均為值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone

Itisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.

99.bad,badly

bad形容詞,badly副詞,不好,但與need,want,require連用為"很,非常"gobad

Ineedthebookbadly.

100.beforelong,longbefore

beforelong不久以后,longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong101.quite,rather

quite完全地,相當(dāng)于completely,rather修飾比較級quiteimpossible

102.happy,glad

happy高興,幸福,定表均可,glad高興,只能做表語ahappygirl

103.instead,insteadof

instead是副詞,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介詞短語,放在句中

Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.

HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.

104.toomuch,muchtoo

toomuch后接不可數(shù)名詞,muchtoo后接形容詞muchtooheavy

105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodo

beaboutto表最近的將來,后面不接時間狀語,begoingto側(cè)重打算,想法,

betodo側(cè)重意志,計劃,安排I'mtomeethim.(含雙方事先約好的意思)

106.raise,rise

raise及物動詞,rise不及物動詞Thesunrisesintheeast.

107.bring,take,carry,fetch

bring拿來,take帶走,carry隨身攜帶,fetch去回這一往返動作fetchaboxofchalk

108.spend,take,pay,cost

spend人做主語,花錢,花時間;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主語,花時間;

pay人做主語,花錢,payfor;cost物做主語,花錢

109.join,joinin,takepartin

join加入某個組織,并成為其中的一員;joinin參加小型的活動,joinsb.in;

takepartin參加大型的活動Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.

110.learn,study

learn學(xué)習(xí),側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果,study學(xué)習(xí),側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程,研究

studytheproblem

111.want,hope,wish

want打算,想要,wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通??梢詫崿F(xiàn)),hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望(通常不能實現(xiàn))wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.

112.discover,invent,findout

discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西,invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體,

findout發(fā)現(xiàn),查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.

113.answer,reply

answer及物動詞,reply不及物動詞,后接toreplytotheletter

114.leave,leavefor

leave離開,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.

115.rob,steal

rob搶劫robsb.ofsth.,steal偷stealsth.fromsb.

116.shoot,shootat

shoot射死,shootat瞄準(zhǔn),但不一定射中Heshotthebirdanditdied.

117.drop,fall

drop及物不及物均可,fall不及物動詞Pricesfell/dropped.Hedroppedhisvoice.

118.search,searchfor

search后接地點,searchfor后接?xùn)|西Hesearchedhispocketformoney.

119.usedto,beusedto

usedto過去常常,beusedto習(xí)慣于,后接sth./doingsth.;被用來,后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.

120.win,lose,beat

win后接sth.,反義詞為lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem

121.liveon,liveby

liveon以…為主食,liveby靠…謀生liveonfish/livebyfishing

122.beat,hit,strike

beat連續(xù)性地?fù)舸?;hit打中,對準(zhǔn)打;strike打一下或若干下beatthewings

123.meet,meetwith

meet遇到,meetwith體驗到,遭遇到meetwithanaccident

124.lose,miss

lose失去(具體的物體),錯過sth.islost,losethechance;miss想念,錯過sth.ismissing,

missthechance

125.betiredof,betiredwith/from

betiredof厭煩…,betiredwith/from因為…而累了betiredwith/fromrunning800meters

126.careabout,carefor

careabout關(guān)心,計較,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;carefor關(guān)心,照料,喜歡,愿意

Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.

127.catchacold,haveacold

catchacold不能和表示"一段時間"的狀語連用,而haveacold可以

Shehashadacoldforaweek.

128.changefor,changeinto

changefor調(diào)換成,changeinto變成Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.

129.continue,last

二者均為持續(xù),continue主動,被動均可,last只能用主動Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.

130.feed,raise

feed喂養(yǎng),養(yǎng)活,飼養(yǎng)(togivefoodto),raise飼養(yǎng),養(yǎng)育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)

raisethefamily

131.goforadoctor,gotoadoctor

goforadoctor去請醫(yī)生,gotoadoctor去看病

132.notice,observe,catchsightof

notice注意到,observe觀察,仔細(xì)地看,catchsightof突然看到observethestars

133.insiston,stickto

insiston堅持要求,后常接doing,stickto堅持,后常接sth.sticktotheplan

134.look,seem,appear

look指從外表上看,seem指內(nèi)心的判斷,appear指給人以表面的印象appearwise,

looklikehisfather

135.gather,collect

gather把分散的東西集中到一起,collect指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收集collectstamps

136.meantodo,meandoing

meantodo打算,想要做某事,meandoing意思是,意味著

BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.

137.diefrom,dieof

diefrom表示死于(槍)傷,虛弱,過度勞累,飲食過度等,dieof表示死于疾病,饑餓,

寒冷,年老,憂愁,失戀等精神因素dieofhungerandcold

138.payfor,payback,payoff

payfor為…付錢,payback還錢,但不一定還清,payoff還清payforthebook,payoffthedebt

139.divide,separate

divide把一個整體分成幾部分,separate把連在一起的個體分開

dividetheapple,separatethehouses

140.arrive,get,reach

arrive不及物動詞,后接in(大地點),at(小地點),get不及物動詞后接to,reach及物動詞

arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing

141.grow,plant

grow使某種植物在某地生長著或使其發(fā)展下去,plant移植,移栽已經(jīng)長成秧苗的植物

plantthetrees,treesaregrowing

142.manage,try

managetodo設(shè)法做成了某事,trytodo盡力去做某事但不一定成功

Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.

143.choose,select

choose憑個人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇,select有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇choosethebestanswer

144.build,putup,setup,found

build一般用語,建成,putup臨時搭建,setup建成(內(nèi)部的設(shè)施基本齊全),

found國家或組織的建成putupatent,setupaschool

145.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith

befamiliarto某物對某人來說是熟悉的,befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物

Thebookisfamiliartome.I'mfamiliarwiththebook.

146.agreewith,agreeto,agreeon

agreewith同意某人,agreeto同意某事,agreeon在…上達(dá)成一致意見,主語是復(fù)數(shù)agreewithyou,agreetotheplan

147.throwto,throwatthrowto扔到…,throwat朝…扔Hethrowastoneatme.

148.receive,accept

receive收到某一東西,但不一定接受,accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'tacceptit.

149.wear,puton,dress

wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時,dress接人,bedressedin,puton表動作

It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.

150.listen,hearlisten強調(diào)動作,hear強調(diào)結(jié)果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.

151.look,see,watch

look看的動作,see看的結(jié)果,watch強調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動和發(fā)展watchTV

152.lie,laylie躺,位于(lay,lain),說謊(lied,lied),lay平放(laid,laid)laythebook

153.workas,actas

workas工作是…,actas充當(dāng)某種職務(wù)或身份,或扮演某種角色Heworksasateacher.

Heactsasaninterpreter.

154.move,remove

move動一動,但不一定移走,remove從一處移到另一處removethetabletothekitchen

155.hurt,injure,wound

hurt感情上受傷,injure事故中受傷,wound戰(zhàn)爭中受傷Hewaswoundedinthewar.

156.turn,get,grow

turn表突變,后常接表顏色的詞,get強調(diào)變的結(jié)果,grow強調(diào)過程,逐漸的變化

turnyellow,gettired,growbig

157.close,shut,turnoff

close和shut當(dāng)關(guān)解時可以通用,用于可開合的物體,turnoff用于指有開關(guān)的物體

Close/Shutthedoor.TurnofftheTV.

158.setout,setabout,setoff

指出發(fā),著手解時,setout后接todo,setabout后接doing,setoff后接forsp.

159.begin,start

begin側(cè)重時間的開始,反義詞為end,start側(cè)重由靜到動的轉(zhuǎn)折,反義詞為stop

Classbeginsat7:30a.m.

160.happen,takeplace

happen偶然性的沒有預(yù)料到的事情的發(fā)生,takeplace必然性的發(fā)生

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.

161.at,in(表地點)at小地點,in大地點arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai

162.atwork,inworkatwork在工作,在上班,inwork有職業(yè),有工作

Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyarenotathome.

163.increaseto,increaseby

increaseto增長到…,increaseby增長了…Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000.

164.atease,witheaseatease舒適地,安逸地;withease容易地,無困難地doitwithease

165.dayafterday,daybyday

dayafterday日復(fù)一日(無變化);daybyday一天天地(有變化)Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.

166.like,aslike相似關(guān)系,但并不等同,as同一關(guān)系,兩者實為一體

Don'ttreatmeasachild.(Infact,I'machild.)

167.after,in(表時間)after接時間點,in接時間段after7:00,infiveminutes

168.between,among

between兩者之間,三者或三者以上兩兩之間,among三者或三者以上之間

SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.

169.after,behind(表位置)

after強調(diào)次序的先后,behind強調(diào)物體靜態(tài)位置的前后Therearemanytreesbehindthehouse.

170.since,for(完成時間狀語)

since接點時間或一句話,for接一段時間forthreeyears,since3:00

171.onthecorner,inthecorner,atthecorner

onthecorner物體表面的角上,inthecorner物體內(nèi)部的角落里,

atthecorner物體外部的角落上(拐角處)onthecornerofthetable

172.warnsb.of,warnsb.against

warnsb.of提醒某人注意某事,warnsb.against提醒某人不要做某事

warnhimagainstswimminginthatpartoftheriver

173.atpeace,inpeaceatpeace平靜地,inpeace和平地liveinpeacewithone'sneighbors

174.onearth,ontheearth,intheearth

onearth在世上,在人間,到底,究竟,一點也不,ontheearth在地上,在地球上,

intheearth在地下,在泥土里nouseonearth

175.insurprise,toone'ssurprise,bysurprise

insurprise驚奇地,toone'ssurprise使某人吃驚的是,bysurprise使…驚慌

Thequestiontooktheprofessorbysurprise.

176.intheair,ontheair,inthesky

intheair正在醞釀中,ontheair播送,廣播,inthesky在天空中

Hisshowisontheairat6:

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