高中英語語法非謂語動詞之動詞不定式講解及習(xí)題

動詞不定式動詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式（not）todo(not)tobedoing(not)tohavedone(not)tohavebeendoing動詞不定式的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)（或幾乎同時(shí)）發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之后謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生時(shí)，動詞不定式的動作正在發(fā)生動詞不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作或特定時(shí)間之前動詞不定式的動作在謂語動詞動作之前，且一直在持續(xù)練習(xí)：I’mveryhappy(hear)thattheGermanteamwonthematch.Sheissaid(study)inFrance.據(jù)說她正在法國留學(xué)。Hepretended(sleep)whenhisyoungerbrothercamein.當(dāng)他弟弟進(jìn)來時(shí)，他假裝在睡覺。Whenyoucalledmeup,Ihappened(prepare)dinner.你給我打電話時(shí)，我正好在做飯。Youarelucky（get）ticketstothefootballmatch.你買到了足球賽門票，真幸運(yùn)。Heappears(wait)hereforalongtime.他似乎在這里等了很久。（仍然在等待）單選Weagreedherebutsofarshehasnotturnedupyet.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemetCharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsideredthefirstcomputer.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginventedTomhappenedwhentheyspokeillofhim.passingbyB.tobepassingbyC.topassingbyD.tohavingpassedbyThedoctorwarnedthepatientnottoeatsugar.I’msorrytoldyouaboutit.tohavenotB.tonothaveC.nottohaveD.nothavingThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiNa,whowassaidamiracleinthetennis.tobeeatenB.eatingC.toeatD.beingeatenInmanypeople’sopinion,theCEOofthecompany,thoughrelativelyyoung,ispleasant.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwithThefluisbelievedbyvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.causeB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecausedItisunclearwhetherfaultydesignorpoorconstructionwasforthecollapseofthebuilding.blamingB.blamedC.beingblamedD.toblame動詞不定式作主語Itbe+形容詞（difficult/easy/hard/important/impossible/interesting/necessary）+forsb+不定式Itbe+形容詞(careful/clever/wise/impolite/nice/right/wrong/bad/kind)+ofsb+不定式Itbe+名詞(pleasure/pity/crime/shame/honour)+不定式Ittakes(sb)time+不定式練習(xí)：basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.KnownB.HavingknownC.ToknowD.BeingknownAccordingtothedoctor,wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.thisB.thatC.oneD.itIt’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisoneasecurityofficer.employedB.employingC.toemployD.employstakesconfidencetomakeanewstart——there’sadarkperiodin-betweenwhereyou’areneitheronethingnortheother.ThatB.ThisC.OneD.ItIttookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness.tomakeB.tobemadeC.makingD.beingmadeAlthoughregularexerciseisveryimportant,it’sneveragoodideatooclosetobedtime.toexercisingB.toexerciseC.exercisingD.exercises四，動詞不定式作賓語agree/decline(謝絕，婉拒)/refuse/offer/promise/choose/decide/determine/intend（打算）/manage（設(shè)法）/expect/wish/tend（趨向，傾向）/mean（打算）/pretend（假裝）/afford……+不定式動詞后接不定式和動名詞的區(qū)別stoptodostopdoingremembertodorememberdoingforgettodoforgetdoingtrytodotrydoinggoontodogoondoingallowsbtodoallowdoingregrettodoregretdoingmeantodomeandoing有些動詞后接不定式和動名詞作賓語時(shí)，意思差別不大，如like/love/begin/start/prefer/continue/hate/intendtodo/doingfeel/find/make/think/believe/considerit+adj./n.+不定式advise/decide/discuss/learn/know/show/tell+疑問詞+不定式①介詞but/except/besides+todo②介詞but/except/besides前面有實(shí)義動詞do及其各種形式時(shí)，but/except/besides+do(to省略)Theyoungmanhadnochoicebut(go)abroadforfurtherstudyatthattime.WhatcanMarydobesides(try)tosellherhouse?Heusedtodonothingbut(lie)inbed,listeningtotheradio.Shewantsnothingbut(drink)acupoftea.單選Davidthreatenedhisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreportedThecitizensweretoldfirecrakersaftertheSpringFestival.notsetoffB.don’tsetoffC.notsettingoffD.nottosetoffInthewest,peoplemakearuletosendChristmaspresentstotheirrelativesandfriends.thisB.thatC.itD.oneWefeelourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.itB.thisC.thatD.oneThetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinddifficulttotellonefromtheother.itB.themC.herD.thatTheteacheraskedussomuchnoise.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomakeThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.thatB.itC.thisD.what動詞不定式作表語（表示目的和結(jié)果）和定語系動詞+表語系動詞：beseem、appear動詞不定式一般作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞或代詞。(1)thefirst/thesecond/thelast/thebest/theonlything+不定式（后置定語）（2）Thereisnothingtoworryabout.ThecityIchosetoliveinwasShenzhen.Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.單選Myfive-yearplanisintodifferentmarketsandopenupanentitythatfocusessolelyonnonprofitorganisations.expandB.toexpandC.tobeexpandingD.tohaveexpandedTherearestillmanyproblemsbeforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.solvingB.solvedC.beingsolvedD.tobesolvedThateconimicboomledtoLuandabeingnamedthemostexpensivecityintheworld.toliveinB.toliveC.livingD.livingin——Thelastonepaysthemeal.——Agreed!arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving動詞不定式作狀語動詞不定式作目的狀語Hedrewamaptoshowushowtogettohishouse.Toaccomplishthetaskontime,wehavetoworkdayandnight.為了加強(qiáng)語氣，在動詞不定式前面可以加inorder/soasHeranveryquicklysoasto/inordertocatchthelastbus.注意：soasto引出的目的狀語不能放在句首；inorderto引出的目的狀語既可以放在句首也可以放在句子后部。動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語only/never+動詞不定式：強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果和失望的情緒。Theyhurriedtotherailwaystation,onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.Hewentofftothewar,nevertoreturnalive.Sbbe+對人進(jìn)行表揚(yáng)或批評的形容詞（right/polite/crazy/geneous/kind/nice/greedy/silly）+動詞不定式練習(xí)：Herushedbacktocollecthiscameraafterthequake,onlythatthebuildinghadcollapsed.findingB.havingfoundC.foundD.tofindthedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.WorkingoutB.WorkedoutC.ToworkoutD.Workout——Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.——Goodidea.moreaboutit,visitourwebsite.TofindoutB.FindingoutC.TobefindingoutD.HavingfoundoutAnxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlyitdidn’tfit.tofindB.foundC.findingD.havingfoundGroupactivitieswillbeorganisedafterclassthechildrendeveloptheteamspirit.helpingB.havinghelpedC.helpedD.tohelpWhenyouareoutinnature,itisimportanttospeaksoftlyfrightentheanimalsaway.sonotastoB.soastonotC.soasnottoD.notsoasto動詞不定式作補(bǔ)足語allow/ask/advise/beg/cause/drive/encourage/expect/forbid/force/get/order/permit/persuade/teach/tell/want/warn/wishsbtodosth感官動詞（feel/hear/watch/see）、使役動詞（let/have/make）sbdosthSbbemadetodosth練習(xí)Pauldoesn’thavetobemade.Healwaysworkshard.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learningTheyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenherupfromchildhood.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow疑問詞（who/whom/what/which/when/how/where）+動詞不定式注意：why后面不直接加動詞不定式練習(xí)He’salreadyanxiousabouttodoifAmyleavesthecompany.whatB.whereC.whichD.whoI’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expect——Canyougiveussomeadviceonwhatnext?——Ofcourse.doesB.todoC.tobedoneD.doingAllIcanthinkaboutistogetthemoneytosavemydaughter’slife.whatB.whyC.howDwhichThere’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymindtobuy.whatB.whichC.howD.whereItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit高考鏈接2015高考21._____theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.A.CatchingB.CaughtC.TocatchD.Catch2015模擬海淀一模29.Mikewillbecomethefirstpersoninhisfamily______collegeeducation.A.finished B.havingfinished C.finishing D.tofinish朝陽一模22.Inordertokeepfit,theoldmanmakesitarule_____forawalkaftersuppereveryday.A.goingB.togoC.goD.gone西城一模26．Mygrannydoescrosswordpuzzleseachday______hermindsharp． A．tokeep B．kept C．havingkept D．tobekept東城一模33．—Goodnews!There'sasupermarket