自考英語二(新版)原文 Unit 8 The Great Minds

Unit8TheGreatMindsAfamousquoteApessimistmakesdifficultiesofhisopportunities;anoptimistmakesopportunitiesofhisdifficulties.----HarryS.Truman悲觀者讓機會淪為困難；樂觀者把困難鑄成機會。----杜魯門HarryS.Truman(1884-1972)，33rdPresidentoftheUS(1945-1953)，wholedAmerica'stransitionfromwartimetopeacetimeeconomy.TrumanmadesomeofthemostmomentousdecisionsinUShistory,includingthedroppingofatomicbombsonHiroshimaandNagasaki,Japan,therebuildingofEuropeundertheMarshalPlan,andthefightingoftheKoreanWar.makeAofB使B成為Amakeasuccessofone'scareermakeamusicianofthelittleboyThefatherexposedhissontomusicwhenhewasstillalittlechildbecausehewantedtomakeamusicianofhim.exposesb./oneselftosth.使暴露于，Don'texposeyourselftothestrongsunlight,oryouwillgetsunburnt.聯(lián)想：sunburnt/suntannedgainexposuretosth.makeafootballerofTommakeamessoftheaccountTextANewwords1.wrapv.用…纏繞（或圍緊）2.scenarion.設想；方案；預測3.explanationn.解釋；說明explainexplanatory4.uneventfuladj.平淡無奇的；平凡的；缺乏刺激的5.pregnancyn.懷孕；妊娠；孕期6.imperfectadj.有缺陷的；不完全的；不完美的perfectperfection聯(lián)想：impossible,impolite,imbalanced,immobile,immature（注意：unbiased,unmoving）7.abnormaladj.不正常的；反常的；變態(tài)的；畸形的normal聯(lián)想：typical-atypicalsymmetry-asymmetrysymmetrical-asymmetrical8.massiveadj.巨大的；非常嚴重的9.disabilityn.（某種）缺陷，障礙ableabilityunabledisabled10.limblessadj.無四肢的11.inspirev.激勵；鼓舞（用法參考Unit5,TextA）inspiration（形近詞參考Unit4，TextA）inspiring12.adaptv.適應（新情況）adaptoneselftosth.13.accomplishv.完成14.limbn.肢；臂；腿15.campaign運動（為社會、商業(yè)或政治目的而進行的一系列有計劃的活動）16.fulfillv.實現(xiàn)；履行fulfillone'sdream/word/requirementfulfilling使人滿足的，令人愉快的fulfillment履行；滿足；成就17.motivationaladj.鼓舞的motivemotivate18.circumstancen.命運；客觀環(huán)境19.wholeheartedlyadv.全心全意地red-nosed/white-haired/20.effectiveadj.產(chǎn)生預期結(jié)果的；有效的比較：efficientineffective,inefficient21.altituden.海拔；海拔高度altitudesickness區(qū)分：attitude22.engagementn.約定；約會；預約23.congregationn.（教堂的）會眾24.audiencen.觀眾；聽眾25.visionn.想象力；眼力；遠見卓識26.outreachn.外展服務27.perspectiven.態(tài)度；觀點；思考方法28.ceasev.（使）停止，終止，結(jié)束29.obstaclen.障礙；阻礙；絆腳石30.illustratev.（用示例、圖畫等）說明，解釋31.profoundadj.巨大的；深切的；深遠的32.persistencen.堅持；鍥而不舍persist(in)persistent/=insiston33.paralyzev.使癱瘓；使麻痹34.oftentimesadv.常常35.trickn.戲法；把戲tricky36.blendn.（不同事物的）和諧結(jié)合，融合37.perseverancen.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神persevereperseverant（偶見perseverent，但很少使用）38.definev.闡明；明確；界定definitiondefinite明確的，確定的39.incredibleadj.不能相信的；難以置信的unbelievable40.captivatev.迷住；使著迷PhrasesandExpressions1.awalkoflife行業(yè)；職業(yè)；地位；階層lineofwork2.majorin主修3.stresstheimportanceof強調(diào)…的重要性4.atone'sdisposal任某人處理；供某人任意使用5.pokefunat拿…開心；奚落；嘲笑6.showoff炫耀；賣弄Pre-readingQuestions:Canyouimaginealifewithoutlimbs?你能想象沒有了四肢，生活會是什么樣子嗎？Whowillflashintoyourmindwhenitcomestodisabledheroes?Whatqualitiesappealtoyoumost?提到殘疾英雄，你會想到誰呢7．什么品廢建吸引你呢？LifeWithoutLimits生命無疆Imaginebeingbornwithoutarms.Noarmstowraparoundsomeone,nohandstoexperiencetouch,ortoholdanotherhandwith.Orwhataboutbeingbornwithoutlegs?Havingnoabilitytodance,walk,run,orevenstandontwofeet.Nowputbothofthosescenarios（設想）together:noarmsandnolegs.Whatwouldyoudo?Howwouldthataffectyoureverydaylife?想象生下來時就沒有手臂。沒有手臂去擁抱一個人，沒有手去體驗觸摸，或去握住另一只手?；蛘呦胂笊聛砭蜎]有雙腿又會怎樣?沒有能力去跳舞、行走、跑步甚至雙腳站立?，F(xiàn)在把這些設想加在一起：沒有雙臂也沒有雙腿。你會怎么辦?這將會如何影響你每天的生活?Bornin1982inMelbourne,Australia,withoutanymedicalexplanationorwarning,NicholasVujiciccameintotheworldwithneitherarmsnorlegs.Havinghadanuneventfulpregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition,imaginetheshockhisparentsfeltwhentheysawtheirfirstborn,brandnewbabyboy,onlytofindhewaswhattheworldwouldconsiderimperfectandabnormal.Howwouldtheirsonliveanormalhappylife?Whatcouldheeverdoorbecomewhenlivingwithwhattheworldwouldseeassuchamassivedisability（嚴重殘疾）?Littledidtheyoranyoneknowthatthisbeautifullimblessbabywouldonedaybesomeonewhowouldinspireandmotivatepeoplefromallwalksoflife,touchinglivesallovertheworld.1982年在澳大利亞的墨爾本，沒有任何醫(yī)學上的解釋或預兆，尼古拉斯·武伊契奇克來到這個世界，沒有雙臂也沒有雙腿。由于懷孕期平靜無事而且也沒有可以預測到這種狀況的家族史，因此可以想象得到他的父母看到他們第一個出生的男嬰，卻只發(fā)現(xiàn)一個被這個世界認為不完美和畸形的人時的那種打擊。他們的兒子如何過一個正常、快樂的生活呢?帶著這世界視為嚴重殘疾的(身體)生活，他又能做什么或者變成什么樣呢?當時他們不知道而且也沒有任何一個人知道，這個漂亮的無手足的小男孩有一天會啟發(fā)激勵社會各階層的人，并且感動全世界的人們。本部分重點及難點：1.Havinghadanuneventful（平凡的）pregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition,imaginetheshockhisparentsfeltwhentheysawtheirfirstborn,brandnewbabyboy,onlytofindhewaswhattheworldwouldconsiderimperfectandabnormal.(1)懸垂分詞。建議換成：Havinghadanuneventfulpregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition,hisparentsfeltgreatshockwhentheysaw….Canyouimaginetheshock?以下是可以接受的懸垂分詞形式：Strictlyspeaking,nobodyisallowedinhere.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromtheSouth.經(jīng)常這樣用的分詞(分詞詞組)有：frankly(broadly,generally,strictly…)speaking,judgingfrom/by…,talkingabout…,speakingof…等。某些句子中作狀語的分詞的邏輯主語雖然不是句子的主語，但可能是句中的另外某一成分，對這樣的句子也可以不認為是"懸垂分詞"。課文中的這個句子屬于這種情況。再如：Seeingherhealthsinkingrapidly,alarmclutchedthefather'sheart.她父親看到她健康迅速惡化，很是驚慌。切記：該結(jié)構(gòu)應慎用。(2)onlytofind…不定式表示結(jié)果。不定式表結(jié)果時通常前面需要加only,表示出乎意料的不希望看到的結(jié)果。例如：Theyrushedtothecinema,onlytofindtheticketsleftathome.Theyhurriedbackhome,onlytofindthedoorlocked.Theywenttothehospitalwithoutanydelay,onlytobetoldtheirbelovedgrandpahadalreadypassedaway.(3)whattheworldwouldconsider作插入語(4)譯文：在經(jīng)歷了一段平靜無事的孕期，而且沒有任何家族病史預示的情況下，我們可以想象得到當時他的父母看到這個剛出生的小男孩時會是多么地震驚，只知道他就是世人所說的缺陷和不正常。2.Littledidtheyoranyoneknowthatthisbeautifullimblessbabywouldonedaybesomeonewhowouldinspireandmotivatepeoplefromallwalksoflife,touchinglivesallovertheworld.(1)否定詞放在句首句子倒裝，如rarely,seldom,innocase,bynomeans,little,hardly等。(2)whowouldinspireandmotivatepeoplefromallwalksoflife定語從句，先行詞是someone。(3)touchinglivesallovertheworld現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，修飾inspireandmotivatepeople。請認真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識點測評的成績！【單選題】16.Hereturnedtoworkafterrecoveryfromhisillness,_______anotheremployeehadtakenhisplace.A．onlytotellB．onlytobetoldC．onlytobetellingD．tobetold【答案】B【解析】本題考查不定式表示結(jié)果。不定式表結(jié)果時通常前面需要加only，表示出乎意料的不希望看到的結(jié)果。本句的意思是"他生病痊愈返回了工作崗位，結(jié)果卻被告知另一個雇員接替了他的崗位"，故選B?！局R點】不定式表示結(jié)果AsNickgrewuphelearnedtodealwithhisdisabilityandstartedtobeabletodomoreandmorethingsonhisown.Headaptedtohissituationandfoundwaystoaccomplishtasksthatmostpeoplecouldonlydobyusingtheirlimbs,suchascleaningteeth,brushinghair,typingonacomputer,swimming,playingsports,andmuchmore.Astimewentby,Nickbegantoembrace（欣然接受）hissituationandachievegreaterthings.（承上啟下句）IngradesevenNickwaselectedcaptainofhisschoolandworkedwiththestudentcouncil（學生會）onvariousfund-raisingeventsforlocalcharitiesanddisabilitycampaigns.伴隨著尼克的成長，他學會了如何應對他的殘疾并能夠開始獨自做越來越多的事情。他適應了他的狀況，并找到方法完成大多數(shù)人只有通過使用他們的四肢才能做到的事情，如刷牙，梳頭，敲打電腦，游泳，運動，還有更多。隨著時間的流逝，尼克開始坦然接受他的狀況并取得更大的成就。在七年級，尼克被選舉為學校的隊長，與學生理事會合作，致力于當?shù)氐拇壬剖聵I(yè)和殘疾人運動的各項籌款事宜。AfterschoolNickwentonwithfurtherstudyandobtainedadoublebachelordegreemajoringinaccountingandfinancialplanning.Bytheageof19,Nickstartedtofulfillhisdreamofencouragingothersbysharinghisstorythroughmotivationalspeaking（勵志演講）.Hefoundthepurposeofhisexistence,andalsothepurposeofhiscircumstance.Nickwholeheartedlybelievesthatthereisapurposeineachofthestrugglesweencounterinourlivesandthatourattitudetowardsthosestrugglescanbethesinglemosteffectivefactorinovercomingthem.畢業(yè)后，尼克接著進修并獲得會計和財務規(guī)劃的雙學士學位。到了19歲，尼克已經(jīng)開始以通過勵志性的演說分享自己故事的方式去實現(xiàn)自己鼓勵他人的夢想。他找到了他存在的目的，以及處于他這種狀況的目的。尼克始終認為，在我們的一生中遇到的每一個困難都有其目的，并且我們對于這些困難的態(tài)度則會成為克服它們的唯一最有效的因素。Nowat27yearsold,thislimblessyoungmanhasaccomplishedmorethanmostpeopleeventwicehisage.NickrecentlymadethemassivemovefromBrisbane,AustraliatoCalifornia,USA,whereheisthepresidentofaninternationalnon-profitorganization（非盈利組織）,andalsohashisownmotivationalspeakingcompany,AttitudeIsAltitude.Sincehisfirstmotivationalspeakingengagement（約定；演講）backwhenhewas19,Nickhastraveledaroundtheworld,sharinghisstorywithmillionsofpeople,speakingtoarangeofdifferentgroupssuchasstudents,teachers,youth,businessmenandwomen,entrepreneurs,andchurchcongregations（會眾）ofallsizes.PeopleaskNick,"Howcanyousmile?"Thentheyrealizethere'sgottobesomethingmoretolifethanmeetstheeyeifaguywithoutarmsandlegsislivingafullerlife.現(xiàn)在到了27歲的年齡，比起大多數(shù)甚至年長他兩倍的人，這位無四肢的年輕男子取得了更多的成就。最近，尼克的行動很廣泛，從澳大利亞的布里斯班到美國的加利福尼亞，他成為那里的一個國際非營利組織的主席，而他也有自己的勵志演講公司——態(tài)度決定一切。尼克19歲時，開始他的第一次勵志演講活動，他周游世界，與數(shù)百萬人分享他的故事，向眾多的不同的群體演講，比如學生、教師、青年、商務男女、企業(yè)家以及各種大小的教會團體。人們詢問克，“您是怎樣一笑置之的呢?”接著他們意識到，如果一個沒有四肢的人過得比普通人更充實，那么生活的含義必定超出了我們目光所及的范疇。本部分重點及難點：3.Thentheyrealizethere'sgottobesomethingmoretolifethanmeetstheeyeifaguywithoutarmsandlegsislivingafullerlife.(1)Thereissomethingto/insth.……有意義，有道理(2)liveafulllife生活充實Nickshareswithhisaudiencestheimportanceofvisionanddreamingbig.Usinghisownexperiencesinworldwideoutreach（推廣）asexamples,hechallengesotherstoexaminetheirperspective（洞察力）andlookbeyondtheircircumstances.Heshareshisviewofceasingtoseeobstaclesasproblems,butinsteadbegintoseethemasopportunitiestogrowandreachouttoothers.Hestressestheimportanceofourattitudebeingthemostpowerfultoolwehaveatourdisposalandillustrateshowthechoiceswemakecanhaveaprofoundeffectonourlivesandthelivesofthosearoundus.Nickshowsthroughhisownlifethatthemajorkeysinfulfillingourbiggestdreamsarepersistenceandchoosingtoembracefailureasalearningexperience,ratherthanallowingtheguiltandfearoffailuretoparalyzeus.尼克與他的聽眾分享了眼界和遠大夢想的重要性。用他在世界范圍內(nèi)推廣自己的經(jīng)歷為例，他激勵人們?nèi)徱曌约旱挠^點并超越自己的局限。他與大家一起分享其觀點，即停止把阻礙看作是難題，相反，應該把它們看作是自身成長并接觸他人向他人學習的機會。他強調(diào)態(tài)度是我們可以支配的最強大的工具，闡明了我們作出的選擇如何對我們自身乃至周圍人的生活產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。通過他自己的生活，尼克說明了實現(xiàn)我們的最大夢想的主要因素就是持之以恒，選擇將失敗作為一次學習經(jīng)歷而擁抱它，而不允許讓內(nèi)疚和失敗的恐懼麻痹我們。本部分重點及難點：4.Heshareshisviewofceasingtoseeobstaclesasproblems,butinsteadbegintoseethemasopportunitiestogrowandreachouttoothers.(1)ceasetodosth.停止做某事，不再做某事(2)see…as…:lookon/upon…as,view…as,regard…as(3)reachoutto伸手以抓到、觸到或拿到某物Wemustreachouttothoseinneed.我們應該伸出援手，去幫助有困難的人。本句reachouttoothers意為"幫助他人"5.Hestressestheimportanceofourattitudebeingthemostpowerfultoolwehaveatourdisposalandillustrateshowthechoiceswemakecanhaveaprofoundeffectonourlivesandthelivesofthosearoundus.(1)atourdisposal任某人處理；供某人任意使用disposal是dispose的名詞形式，意為"支配，處理"。聯(lián)想：al為名詞后綴，再如：arrive-arrival,survive-survival,approve-approval,disapprove-disapproval,dismiss-dismissal,deny-denial,refuse-refusal等。(2)haveaprofoundeffectonsth.對……產(chǎn)生深遠的影響6.Nickshowsthroughhisownlifethatthemajorkeysinfulfillingourbiggestdreamsarepersistenceandchoosingtoembracefailureasalearningexperience,ratherthanallowingtheguiltandfearoffailuretoparalyzeus.(1)throughhisownlife作狀語，修飾show。show的賓語是由that引導的賓語從句，賓語從句的主干是themajorkeysarepersistenceandchoosingto…,ratherthanallowing…。(2)embracefailureasalearningexperience歡迎失敗，把它看成是學習的體驗(3)ratherthan相當于insteadof"而不是"(4)ratherthanallowingtheguiltandfearoffailuretoparalyzeus而不是被失敗和恐懼所打倒HowdoesNickVujicicfeelabouthisdisabilitynow?Heacceptsit,embracesitandoftentimespokesfunathisowncircumstanceasheshowsoffhismanytricks.Hemeetschallengeswithhisspecialblendofhumor,perseveranceandfaith,alwaysencouragingthosearoundhimtoexaminetheirperspectiveastheydevelopanddefinetheirvision.Usingthosenewdefinitionshechallengeseachpersonhemeetstomakechangesintheirlivessothattheycanbeginthepathtofulfillingtheirbiggestdreams.Throughhisamazingabilitytoconnectwithpeoplefromallwalksoflifeandhisincrediblesenseofhumorthatcaptivates（=charm）children,teensandadultsalike,Nickisatrulyinspirationalmotivationalspeaker.現(xiàn)在尼克·武伊契奇克是怎么感受他的殘疾呢?他接受它，擁抱它，時常還會像炫耀他的眾多把戲一樣對自己的狀況自我嘲笑。他用自己特別的，由幽默、毅力和信念組成的混合物來面對挑戰(zhàn)，總是鼓勵周圍的人在發(fā)展和定義他們的眼界時審視他們的觀點。他使用那些新的定義挑戰(zhàn)他所遇到的每一個人，以便他們作出改變都能夠開始走向?qū)崿F(xiàn)他們的最大夢想之路。通過他與各階層人士溝通的驚人的能力，以及叫人難以置信的幽默感，他令兒童、青少年和成年人都為之著迷。尼克是一個真正的具有啟發(fā)性和激勵性的演講者。本部分重點及難點：7.Usingthosenewdefinitionshechallengeseachpersonhemeetstomakechangesintheirlivessothattheycanbeginthepathtofulfillingtheirbiggestdreams.(1)usingthosenewdefinitions分詞作狀語(2)challengesb.todosth.刺激某人做某事(3)beginthepathtofulfillingtheirbiggestdreams開始踏上實現(xiàn)人生夢想的征程8.Throughhisamazingabilitytoconnectwithpeoplefromallwalksoflifeandhisincrediblesenseofhumorthatcaptivateschildren,teensandadultsalike,Nickisatrulyinspirationalmotivationalspeaker.(1)句子的主干是Nickisatrulyinspirationalmotivationalspeaker.。through…作狀語(2)alike:adv.inthesameway同樣地例如：treateverybodyexactlyalike一視同仁Theclimatehereisalwayshot,summerandwinteralike.hisincrediblesenseofhumorthatcaptivateschildren,teensandadultsalike他驚人的幽默感令孩子、青少年和成年人都著迷點滴語法非謂語動詞一現(xiàn)在分詞doing和過去分詞done1.含義和區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞doing過去分詞done時態(tài)上進行完成語態(tài)上主動完成thedevelopingcountriesthecountrieswhicharedeveloping發(fā)展中國家thedevelopedcountries=thecountrieswhichhavedeveloped發(fā)達國家theexploiting:lass=theclassthatexploitsothers剝削階級theexploitedclass=theclassthatisexploited被剝削階級Hewasexcited(表被動)attheexciting(表主動）news聽到這個令人興奮的消息，他很興奮2.功能1)作定語a.前置定語，如:twinklingstars閃爍的星星，retiredgeneral退休的將軍有些分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞:runningwater自來水，promisingyoungman有前途的青年，aninterestingbook一本有趣的書，armedforces武裝部隊，abrokencar破車b.后置定語(分詞短語作后置定語)Policehuntingthekillerofapart-timepoliceofficerstabbedoutsideherhomeinnorthwestLondonareseekingamanwearingahoodedtopseenrunningawayfromthescene.倫敦一名兼職警官在其位于倫敦西北的家附近被一名男子刺死，警方目前正在搜捕這名男子。據(jù)稱，該名男子作案時穿著帶有兜帽的.上衣，作案后有人見他逃離了現(xiàn)場。2)賓語補語一般用于感覺動詞后:find.hear,smell,feel.watch,noticeTherearemanytimesIlookoutofmywindowandsmileatthesights.Ihearthesoundofflowersbloomingandtheheart-beatleavesgrowing.每每我看向窗外，總能讓我會心地微笑，因為我聽見了花開的聲音，還有樹葉的生長，生機勃發(fā)。Ihearhimcriticizingthesocietyagain.我又聽到他在批評社會Iheardhimcriticizedmanytimes.我聽見他多次被批評。3)作狀語（狀從的簡化形式）(1)一致:(主語1)+分詞短語，主語1，+主動詞Thosewhotakethelongviewarepatientwithdifficulties.knowingthattimeoftenmakestheimpossible.possibleSeizethepresentday,trustingtomorrowaslittleasmaybe.Lackingaclearworldoutlook,lifewillbecomeakindofburden.Difficultiesvanishwhenfacedboldly.Everycalling(=vocation)isgreatwhengreatlypursued(2)不一致:主語1+分詞短語，主語2+主動詞Theworldbeinghard,struggleistheonlywayout.(=Becausetheworldishard,struggleistheonlywayout.)Peoplefaceavarietyofproblems,moneybeingthegreatest.(=Peoplefaceavarietyofproblems,andmoneyisthegreatest.)Everythingconsidered,workislessboringthanamusingoneself.(=Ifeverythingconsidered,workislessboringthanamusingoneself.)Headbowed,intotaldefeat,Ifailedeventonoticethebrightstar.(=Myheadwasbowed,intotaldefeat,andIfailedeventonoticethebrightstar)(3)固定結(jié)構(gòu):generallyspeaking(通常來說).strictlyspeaking(嚴格地說)，talkingof(談及).considering(考慮到).allowingfor(考慮到)，giventime(如果有更多時間)(Generallyspeaking.menarestrongerthanwomen=(Ifwearespeakgenerally.men..)TalkingofEnglish.sheisthebestspeaker.Consideringthatshehasnoexperience.Shehasdoneagoodjob.Givenmoretime.Iwouldfinishtheworkontime3.課文里出現(xiàn)的帶有分詞的句子Bornin1982inMelbourne.Australia,withoutanymedicalexplanationorwarming.NicholasVujiciccameintotheworldwithneitherarmsnorlegs.(P2)Havinghadanuneventfulpregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition.imaginetheshockparentsfeltwhentheysawtheirfirstborn.brandnewbabyboy.onlytofindhewaswhattheworldwouldconsiderimperfectandabnormal.Howwouldtheirsonliveanormal,happylife?(P2)Usinghisownexperiencesinworldwideoutreachadexamples.hechallengesotherstoexaminetheirperspectiveandlookbeyondtheircircumstances.(P6)課后習題參考答案TextAI.1.C2.C3.D4.B5.AII.SectionA1.perfection2.accomplishment3.persistent4.disposal5.effective6.motivationalSectionB1.obstacle2.incredible3.vision4.perspective5.fulfill6.profoundSectionC1.from2.from3.with4.at5.in6.ofIII.1.confused2.natural3.intentionally4.likely5.potential6.asopposedto7.Evenif8.known9.calledupon10.markⅣ．SectionA1.finditdifficulttoadapttotheirnewschoollife2.childrenlikedtosharetheirstorieswith3.electedoneoftheirmembersasthespokesman4.onlytofindthattheyhadtoovercomefinancialproblemsontheirown5.stresstheimportanceofbalanceddietSectionB有時候，我們唯一能做的就是質(zhì)疑自己存在的意義。我們經(jīng)常會感到孤獨寂寞，情緒低落，感覺世界都黯然失色了。有時候我們感覺生活沒有任何意義，如此艱辛，甚至希望世上沒有明天。但是，我們還要知道問題只不過是生活中的另一種痛苦而已，企圖扭曲我們的人性，破壞我們對生活的美好憧憬。這個時候，不要向誘惑屈服，輕言放棄。是的，快樂的唯一．方式就是心甘情愿地忍受苦難。V.231547968Ⅵ.尼克·武伊契奇出生時沒有四肢，雖然嚴重殘疾，他不但自己獨生活，而且通過演講激勵、鼓勵了許多人。但是，相比之下，一些身體健全的人相形見絀，他們不斷抱怨生活，不愿意為了更光明的前途而努力工作。你認為面對挑戰(zhàn)，需要具備什么樣的品格才能戰(zhàn)勝這些困難呢？我們?nèi)绾闻囵B(yǎng)這些品格呢？III.部分練習講解P256BridgingtheGapDirections:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.解題方法：把詞分類動詞名詞形容詞副詞介詞連詞markmarkconfusedintentionallyasopposedtoevenifconfusedpotentiallikelyknownpotentialcalleduponnaturalGiftsarethosetalentsandabilitiesthatflowalmosteffortlesslyfromus.Giftsaresometimes1confusedwithskills.Whileskillscanbedeveloped,giftsaresomethingwearebornwith-theyarewhatwediscoveraswetrynewthingsandfindthatsomethingsareas2naturaltousasbreathing.Whenwe3intentionallymakeadecisiontocreateourlifeandworkbasedonourgifts,we'renotonlymore4likelytosucceed,butcanalsomorethoroughlyenjoythejourneytowardcreatingandrealizingourfull5potential.Takeinventoryof（評估）yourlifetodeterminewhereyouareutilizinglearnedanddevelopedskills6asopposedtoexpressingandhonoringyourinnate（與生俱來的）gifts.Areyouoperatingbasedonwhatyouthinkyou"ought"tobedoingorareyoulivinganauthenticlifethatisrichandfulfilling?7Evenifyouarenotinaplacetopursueanewcareerbasedonyourgifts,lookforwaystomakeyourgifts8knowntoothersanddemonstratetheminasmanyareasofyourlifeaspossible.Themoreyourgiftsare9calledupon,themorenaturallyyouwillfullyacceptandpromotethosegifts.Themoreyouexpressyourlifethroughyourinnategifts,themoreyouwillexcel.It'sabeautifullyself-perpetuating（能使自身永久存在的）processonceyoumakethedecisiontobegin.Yourgiftsareyoursignature,youruniquepaintbrushes-usethemtoexpressyourgreatnessandmakeyourgreatnessandmakeyour10markontheworld!TextBNewwords1.revolutionn.巨變；大變革2.unwedadj.未婚的3.adoptionn.收養(yǎng)；領養(yǎng)4.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地fortunemisfortunefortunateunfortunate5.relentv.終于答應；不再拒絕6.recallv.記起；回憶起；回想起7.debutv.使（新產(chǎn)品）面世；首次廣告推廣8.productionn.生產(chǎn)：制造；制作duct9.possessionn.具有；擁有10.calculatorn.計算器11.orchardn.果園12.sagv.減弱；減少13.competitionn.競爭；角逐（參考Unit4，TextA相關詞）petitive14.successiveadj.連續(xù)的；接連的；相繼的succeedsucceedin(doing)sth.successorsuccessful15.insanelyadv.十分；非常；瘋狂地16.cofoundv.共同建立co-existenceaco-edschoolcooperatecohabitation17.bitteradj.激烈而不愉快的；充滿憤怒與仇恨的18.recruitv.吸收（新成員）19.punchv.拳打；以拳痛擊20.publiclyadv.公開地21.heartbreakingadj.令人心碎的22.episoden.（人生的）一段經(jīng)歷；（小說的）片段，插曲23.instantadj.立即的；立刻的24.billionairen.巨富；億萬富翁25.immenseadj.極大的；巨大的immensity26.convincev.說服，勸說（某人做某事）convincesb.ofsth./that…convincing27.foundationn.基本原理；根據(jù)；基礎layasolidfoundationforsth.28.catalystn.催化劑28.comebackn.復出；重返；再度受歡迎29.initiallyadv.開始；最初；起初30.interima.暫時的：過渡的31.profitabilityn.盈利能力profitprofitable32.introducev.推行；實施；采用roductive/introductory介紹的，引導的33.innovationn.創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)新；改革innovateinnovativePhrasesandExpressions1.biologicalmother生母/stepmother2.meetone'sexpectations符合某人的期望3.dropout退學；輟學4.inmemoryof作為對…的紀念5.dwellon老是想著（尤指最好忘記的事）；一直說……6.turnout原來是；證明是；結(jié)果是Pre-readingQuestions:Whatractorsdoyouthinkcomtributetosuccess?你認為什么因素有助于成功?CanyoufigureoutwhatreasonsaccountforSteveJobs’success?你能推測出史蒂夫·喬布斯成功的原因嗎？AnUnwantedBaby,SteveJobs一個本不想要的孩子——史蒂夫·喬布斯SteveJobsisamanwhohasgreatcourageanddarestotakerisks.Hemaynotbeperfectbuthepulledtogether（齊心協(xié)力，重新振作）themostfantasticactbyovercomingMicrosoft,themovieindustryandthemusicbusiness.Jobsfollowedhisdreamandledarevolutioninthecomputingworld.史蒂夫·喬布斯是一個有膽識，敢于冒險的人。他或許不是完美的，但他征服了微軟、電影產(chǎn)業(yè)和音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)，把三者結(jié)合在一起，干得非常漂亮。喬布斯追尋著他的夢想，領導了一場計算機世界的革命。SteveJobswasbornonFebruary24,1955,inSanFrancisco,California.HisbiologicalmotherwasanunwedgraduatestudentnamedJoanneSimpsonanddecidedtoputhimupfor（提出）adoption.Joannehadacollegeeducation,andsheinsistedthatthefutureparentsofherboy(should)bejustaswelleducated.Unfortunately,thecandidates,PaulandClaraJobs,didnotmeetherexpectations:Claradidn'tgraduatefromcollegeandPaulonlyattendedhighschool.Whenshefoundoutthatbothhisfutureparentshadnevergraduatedfromcollege,sherefusedtosigntheadoptionpapers.Sheonlyrelented（發(fā)慈悲）afewmonthslaterandagreedtohaveherbabyadoptedbythem,underthefirmconditionthattheywouldsendhimtocollege.1955年2月24日，史蒂夫·喬布斯出生于加利福尼亞州舊金山。他的親生母親是位名叫喬安娜·辛普森的未婚研究生，并決定將他送人收養(yǎng)。喬安娜受過大學教育，她堅持自己兒子的未來父母也必須受過良好的教育。不幸的是，候選人，保羅·喬布斯和克拉拉·喬布斯并不符合她的期望：克拉拉沒有從大學畢業(yè)，而保羅只讀到高中。當她發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個未來的父母都沒有受過大學教育的時候，她拒絕在收養(yǎng)協(xié)議上簽字。幾個月后她就作出讓步，同意他們收養(yǎng)自己的孩子，前提條件是他們會送他去上大學。本部分重點及難點：1.Joannehadacollegeeducation,andsheinsistedthatthefutureparentsofherboybejustaswelleducated.當謂語動詞是"一堅持，二命令，三建議，四要求"時，即insist,order,command,advise,suggest,propose,demand,request,require,ask以及desire,recommend,prefer,decide,urge等詞時，從句謂語用should+動詞原形。Wesuggestthathe(should)bepresentatthemeetingintime.Hispainfulexpressionsuggested(=showed)thathewasillatease.請認真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識點測評的成績！【單選題】17.Fromtheanxiousexpressiononhisface,wecanclearlyseehisstrongdesirethathismother______fromthemajorillnesssoon.A．recoversB．recoverC．willrecoverD．hasrecovered【答案】B【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。desire后的從句用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞為"should+動詞原形"，should通常省略。本句的意思是"從他臉上焦急的表情，我們可以很清楚地看到他希望母親從這場大病中快速痊愈的強烈愿望。"【知識點】虛擬語氣SteveJobswenttocollegebutdecidedtodropoutbecauseitwastooexpensive.Recallinghistimetherehesaid,"Ididn'thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends'rooms,Ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5centsdeposits（押金）tobuyfoodwith,andIwouldwalkthe7milesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheHareKrishnatemple."史蒂夫·喬布斯去讀了大學，但因為費用太貴還是決定退學?；仡櫵哪嵌螝q月，他說，“我沒有宿舍房間，于是我就睡在朋友們房間的地板上，我為了5美分的返還押金回收可樂瓶以便去購買食品。我還在每個周目的晚上，步行7英里穿過市區(qū)去印度教克利須那派教徒那里吃一頓大餐?！盇t20,SteveJobsandafriend(SteveWozniak)startedacompanyinagarageonApril1,1976.Laterthatyear,theydebuted（首次露面/推出/登場）theAppleIandalocalstoreofferedtobuy50machines.Tofinancetheproduction,theyhadtoselltheirmostexpensivepossessions.JobssoldhisVolkswagenvanwhileWozniaksoldhisHewlett-Packardscientificcalculator.SteveJobsnamedtheircompanyApple,inmemoryofahappysummerhehadspentasanorchardworkerinOregon.1976年4月1日，20歲的史蒂夫·喬布斯和一位朋友(史蒂夫-沃茲尼亞克)在自家車庫里創(chuàng)辦了一個公司。當年晚些時候，他們推出蘋果第一代，而且當?shù)氐纳痰昃吞岢鲑徺I50臺機器。為籌集生產(chǎn)資金，他們不得不賣掉他們最昂貴的所有物。沃茲尼亞克賣掉了他的惠普科學計算器，喬布斯也賣掉了他的大眾廂式車。史蒂夫·喬布斯命名他們的公司為“蘋果”，是為了紀念他在俄勒岡當果園工人時度過的一個快樂的夏天。By1982,however,hiscompanysalessagged（下垂）inthefaceofcompetitionfromIBM'snewPC.Notwantingtodwellon（細想）successivefailures,theyworkedon（從事，忙于）anewmachinecalledtheMacintosh.By1986,theMac,whichSteveJobspromisedtobe"insanelygreat,"wasahugesuccess.After10years,startingfrom2kidsworkinginagarage,Applecomputerhadgrownintoa$2billioncompanywithover4000employees.然而，到了1982年，面對IBM新款個人電腦的競爭，他的公司銷售額下滑。不想細想這連續(xù)的失敗，他們研發(fā)了一臺名叫麥金托什機的新機器。到1986年時。史蒂夫·喬布斯保證會成為“瘋狂的偉大”的麥克機(Mac)，的確成為了一個巨大的成功：lO年后，開始于一個車庫中兩個孩子的工作，蘋果電腦已成長為一個擁有20億美元資金，雇員超過4000人的公司。At30,SteveJobs,however,wasfiredfromthecompanyhecofoundedwithSteveWozniak.HeleftthecompanyafterlosingabitterbattleovercontrolwithApple'sCEOJohnSculley,whomJobshadrecruitedfromPepsiCola.WhenSteveJobsheardofthemessagehesaid,"You'veprobablyhadsomebodypunchyouinthestomachanditknocksthewindoutofyouandyoucannotbreathe.Theharderyoutrytobreathe,themoreyoucannotbreathe.Andyouknowthattheonlythingyoucandoisjustrelaxsoyoucanstartbreathingagain."可是，30歲的時候，史蒂夫·喬布斯被這家他與史蒂夫·沃茲尼亞克共同創(chuàng)立的公司辭退了。約翰·斯卡利，一個喬布斯過去從百事可樂公司應聘而來的蘋果公司的首席執(zhí)行官，正是與他的痛苦的權(quán)力之爭失敗后，喬布斯離開了公司。當史蒂夫·喬布斯聽到他被辭退的消息時，他說，“這就像你被人一拳重重地打在了胃部，讓你氣息竭盡，而且還不能呼吸。你越努力地呼吸，你就越不能呼吸。你知道唯一可以做的就是放松氣息以便可以開始再次呼吸。”本部分重點及難點：2.Notwantingtodwellonsuccessivefailures,theyworkedonanewmachinecalledtheMacintosh.非謂語動詞的否定形式為：not+非謂語動詞（具體參考Unit7,TextA）dwellon：詳述；老想著Don'talwaysdwellonthepast,lookforward.He'sdwellingonhisstoryonceagain.3.Theharderyoutrytobreathe,themoreyoucannotbreathe."the+比較級，the+比較級"意為"越……就越……"Thefartheraplanetisfromtheearth,thesmalleritlooks/appears/seems.試譯：你鍛煉越多，就越不大可能感冒。你越不可能感冒：Youarelesslikelytocatchacold.Themoreexerciseyoutake,thelesslikelyyouaretocatchacold.You'llhavelesschance/fewchancesofcatchingacold.Themoreexerciseyoutake,thelesschance/thefewerchancesyou'llhaveofcatchingacold.SteveJobssoldover$20millionofhisApplestock,spentdaysbicyclingalongthebeach,feelingsadandlost,touredParis,andjourneyedontoItaly.Recallingthispubliclyheartbreakingepisode,Jobssaid,"Ididn'tseeitthen,butitturnedoutthatgettingfiredfromApplewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveeverhappenedtome.Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife."史蒂夫·喬布斯賣掉了他超過2000萬美元的蘋果股票，終日沿著海灘騎著自行車，感覺悲傷和失落，他去了巴黎，接著又去了意大利旅行。這段令人心碎的往事廣為人知?；貞浧疬@段經(jīng)歷，喬布斯說，“那時我并沒有意識到，但結(jié)果證明，被蘋果公司解雇是發(fā)生在我身上的最好的事情。從頭再來的輕松取代了成功帶來的壓力，我不再對每一件事情都那么確定。它解放