閱讀理解專題-推理判斷題

ReadingComprehension-InferenceQuestions閱讀理解專題--推理判斷題第一頁第二頁，共26頁。2007年42題,45題,49題,51題,53題,54題,55題2008年44題,45題,47題,48題,50題,54題,55題07、08廣東高考閱讀理解推理判斷題:第二頁第三頁，共26頁。1.

推斷隱含意義

2.推斷作者觀點或態(tài)度

3.推斷寫作目的

4.推斷文章出處

5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容

閱讀推理判斷題推斷題分類第三頁第四頁，共26頁。1.Questionforms:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

.Fromthetextweknowthat…ismostlikely

.Whenthewritertalksabout…,whatthewriterreallymeansis

.Thewritersuggeststhat

.Thestoryimpliesthat

.Wecaninfer[conclude]fromthepassagethat

.這類題干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude等標(biāo)志性詞語。一、如何推斷隱含意義2.技巧點撥1).全面分析2).忠實原文3).不要選擇表層信息第四頁第五頁，共26頁。Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."（1分鐘）

●

Thesoundofthisbeetle________.A.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.3.Practice:1(passage1)第五頁第六頁，共26頁。SeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge;todayonlytwoexist.Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo,andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada.BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison,orbuffalo.Atonetime,herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.

●Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison______.A.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatedandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existedbeforetheIceAgeD.havebeenkilledorhavediedout2P3第六頁第七頁，共26頁。二、如何推斷作者觀點和態(tài)度：說明文中作者的態(tài)度:objective

neutral

（中立的）；在議論文中，有：(1)positive(積極的)(2)negative(3)neutral(中立的)(4)approval

(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)sarcastic（諷刺的）(8)critical(批評的)(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic客觀的消極的漠不關(guān)心的(贊成的)不贊成的樂觀的悲觀的第七頁第八頁，共26頁。1.Questionforms:Thewriter’sattitudetoward…is______.Thewriterthoughtthat______.Accordingtotheauthor______.2.技巧點撥注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的弦外之音。第八頁第九頁，共26頁。Passage5.（江西卷）Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying—holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering—canbebadforphysical(身體的)health.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don’tfightit.It’sanatural—andhealthy—emotionalresponse(反應(yīng)).（2分鐘）●Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.B.Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.C.Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.D.Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.3第九頁第十頁，共26頁。Passage6.Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure---thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity,whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping（蹦極跳）tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace(perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon)200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic（有彈性的）ropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.

4第十頁第十一頁，共26頁。Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologists（心理學(xué)家）suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival（生存）.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.（5分鐘）●Thewriterofthetexthasa____attitude（態(tài)度）towardsdangeroussports.

A.positive（肯定的）B.negative（否定的）C.neutral（中立的）D.nervous第十一頁第十二頁，共26頁。三、如何推斷寫作目的1.Questionforms:(1)考查整篇文章的寫作目的A.Thewriter’s

purposeofwritingthispassageisto_____.B.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?C.Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto_____.第十二頁第十三頁，共26頁。(2)

考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖A.Thewriterusestheexampleof…toshowthat_____.B.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_____.C.…arementionedinthefirstparagraphto_____.第十三頁第十四頁，共26頁。2.常見的寫作目的歸納不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的,但寫作目的通常有以下三種：(1)toentertainreaders（娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑）(2)topersuadereaders（說服讀者接受某種觀點）(3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）常見于故事類的文章。tomakepeoplelaugh;totellaninterestingexperience常見于廣告類的文章。tosellaproductoraservice;toattractmorevisitors/readers/audience多見于科普類﹑新聞報道類﹑文化類或社會類的文章.第十四頁第十五頁，共26頁。3.技巧點撥

(1)

根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的(2)

從寫作手法來推斷寫作目的第十五頁第十六頁，共26頁。Passage7.“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,”hesaid.（1.5分鐘）●Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto______.A.testthereaders’knowledgeaboutwavesB.drawthereaders’attentiontothetopicC.showJamieTaylor’simportanceD.invitethereaderstoanswerthem5第十六頁第十七頁，共26頁。Passage8AyoungmanfromavillagecalledNawalapitiyamarriedayoungwomanfromMaliyuwa,anearbyvillage.Theylivedwiththeman'sbigfamily-hisparents,hisbrothers,theirwivesandchildren.Thefamilykeptanelephant,inwhichtheyoungwomansoontookagreatinterest.Everydayshefeditwithfruitandsugar.Threemonthslaterthewomanwentbacktoherparents'home,havingquarreledwithherhusband.Soontheelephantrefusedtoeatorwork.Itappearedtobeillandheart-broken.Onemorningafterseveralweekstheanimaldisappearedfromthehouse.Itwenttothewoman'shome.Onseeingher,theelephantwaveditstrunkandtouchedherwithit.Theyoungwomanwassomovedbytheactoftheanimalthatshereturnedtoherhusband'shome.（3分鐘）

●Thewriterwrotethestoryinorderto________.A.showthatelephantsareverycleverB.tellhowawomantrainedawildanimalC.showthatwomencaremoreforanimalsthanmendoD.tellhowananimalreunitedahusbandandwife6第十七頁第十八頁，共26頁。

1.Questionforms:Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom______.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof___.四、如何推斷文章出處2.解題技巧這類問題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處：(1)報紙(2)廣告(3)產(chǎn)品說明：

第十八頁第十九頁，共26頁。Passage9（全國卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(藥片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(緩解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount(量).Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.●Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.（2分鐘）A.textbookB.newsreelC.doctor’snotebookD.bottleofmedicine7第十九頁第二十頁，共26頁。Passage10Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受傷）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全帶）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver'sresponsibility（責(zé)任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（發(fā)送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.（3分鐘）

●Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazineB.apolicereportC.anadvertisement（廣告）D.agovernmentinformationbooklet（小冊子）8Morethan30,000…arekilledorseriouslyinjured（受傷）eachyear.youcouldbefinedupto$50Rememberyoumaybetakentocourt…youmaybefined…apolicereport第二十頁第二十一頁，共26頁。2.解題技巧推測下文的內(nèi)容：根據(jù)作者的思路進(jìn)行推理推測上文的內(nèi)容：關(guān)注第一段，特別是文段開始的幾句話。五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

Questionforms:Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith_______Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss______.第二十一頁第二十二頁，共26頁。Passage11