四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2010年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2011年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2012年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2013年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2014年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2015年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2016年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2017年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2010年四川大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻

譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

I.Vocabularyandgrammar(30’)

Multiplechoice

Directions:BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyour

answersonyouranswersheet.

1.Tomisthemost______pupilintheclass.

A.industrious

B.indulgent

C.industrialist

D.industrial

【答案】A

【解析】句意：Tom是班里最用功的學(xué)生。industrious勤勉的，勤奮的。

indulgent放縱的；溺愛的。industrialist工業(yè)家，實(shí)業(yè)家。industrial工業(yè)

的；產(chǎn)業(yè)的。

2.Themayorofthecityisa______oldman.

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respecting

D.respectable

【答案】D

【解析】句意：市長(zhǎng)是一位令人尊重的老者。respectable可敬的；有名望

的。respective各自的。respectful有禮貌的；尊重人的。respecting是

respect的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

3.Ibelievereservesofcoalhereare______tolastforfiftyyears.

A.efficient

B.sufficient

C.proficient

D.effective

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我認(rèn)為這里的煤資源足夠使用50年。sufficient充足的，

充分的。efficient效率高的；有能力的。proficient熟練的；精通的。

4.Mr.Smithcomplainedaboutthe______air-conditionerhehadbought

fromthecompany.

A.infectious

B.deficient

C.ineffective

D.defective

【答案】D

【解析】句意：史密斯先生抱怨他從公司買的空調(diào)有問題。defective有缺

陷的，有瑕疵的。infectious傳染的；有感染力的。deficient不足的，缺

乏的。ineffective無效的，不起作用的。

5.Allthestudentswereexcitedatthe______ofaweekendsports

competition.

A.opinion

B.view

C.thought

D.idea

【答案】C

【解析】句意：所有學(xué)生一想到周末的運(yùn)動(dòng)競(jìng)賽都感到很興奮。atthe

thoughtof固定搭配，一想到……。attheviewof看到……的景象。atthe

ideaof有……的想法。

6.Thetraveler’spassportestablishedhis______.

A.proof

B.evidence

C.identity

D.case

【答案】C

【解析】句意：游客的護(hù)照表明他的身份。identity身份。proof證據(jù)，用

于證明某件事是真實(shí)的。evidence多用于指法律方面的“證據(jù)”。case情

況；案例。

7.Whenwecreditthesuccessfulpeoplewithintelligence,physicalstrength

orgreatluck,wearemakingexcusesforourselvesbecausewefall______in

allthree.

A.rare

B.short

C.lacking

D.scarce

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我們?cè)趫?jiān)信成功人士擁有智慧、體能和好運(yùn)的同時(shí)，也

是在為自己開脫，認(rèn)為自己缺少以上三者。fall(be)lackingin固定搭

配，意為“缺少”。rare稀少。beshortof缺少，beshortfor……的簡(jiǎn)稱。

bescarcefor匱乏，缺乏。

8.Mysisterisquite______andplanstogetanMA.degreewithinoneyear.

A.aggressive

B.enthusiastic

C.considerate

D.ambitious

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我的姐姐雄心勃勃，她準(zhǔn)備在一年內(nèi)拿到藝術(shù)文化類的

碩士學(xué)位。ambitious雄心勃勃的，有野心的。aggressive有進(jìn)取心的；侵

略的，好斗的。enthusiastic熱情的。considerate體貼的；考慮周到的。

9.Thetwinsaresomuch______thatitisdifficulttotellonefromtheother.

A.similar

B.same

C.like

D.alike

【答案】D

【解析】句意：這對(duì)雙胞胎長(zhǎng)的太像了，很難區(qū)分開。alike相似的。

similar同alike意思相同，但similar一般不用來修飾人。same一樣的。like

介詞，意為“像……一樣”。

10.Hiseyeswereinjuredinatrafficaccident,butaftera______operation,

hequicklyrecoveredhissight.

A.considerate

B.delicate

C.precise

D.sensitive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他的眼睛在一次交通事故中受傷了，不過通過悉心的手

術(shù)治療，他很快恢復(fù)了視力。considerate體貼的，悉心的。delicate精密

的；精美的。precise精確地，嚴(yán)密的。sensitive敏感的；善解人意的。

11.Thechieffoodseateninanycountrydependlargelyon______bestinits

climateandsoil.

A.itgrown

B.doesitgrown

C.whatgrows

D.whatdoesitgrow

【答案】C

【解析】句意：一個(gè)國家的主要食物種類取決于哪些作物最適合這個(gè)國

家的氣候和土壤。這里需要用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，排除A，B，賓語從

句應(yīng)用陳述語序，排除D，故選C。

12.Thefragrancesofmanynaturalsubstancescomefromoils,______these

oilsmaybeusedinmanufacturingperfumes.

A.of

B.whether

C.from

D.and

【答案】D

【解析】句意：許多天然有機(jī)物的香味源自其中的油脂，這些油脂可以

用來生產(chǎn)香水。兩個(gè)分句都不缺成分，所以沒有主從之分，是兩個(gè)并列

的句子，應(yīng)用連詞連接。A，B，C都是介詞，故選D，這里and表示遞

進(jìn)關(guān)系。

13.Ifonlyourteam______onemorepoint!

A.scores

B.hadscored

C.scored

D.havescored

【答案】B

【解析】句意：要是我們球隊(duì)多進(jìn)一球就好了。這里考查虛擬語氣，對(duì)

過去事件的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)如下：sb./sth.would/could/shouldhavedonesth.,if

sth./sb.had(not)donesth.，從句應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)，故選B。

14.______,hecouldnotlifttheweight.

A.Strongwhilehewas

B.Howeverstrongashewas

C.Strongashewas

D.Strongalthoughhewas

【答案】C

【解析】句意：盡管他很強(qiáng)壯，還是不能舉起這樣的重量。本題考查讓

步狀語從句，while、however、as、though都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，

但是只有as引導(dǎo)是從句可以倒裝，結(jié)構(gòu)是“形容詞/副詞+as+主語+謂語動(dòng)

詞”，故排除A，D。B項(xiàng)中however與as重復(fù)，應(yīng)該去掉一個(gè)。故選C。

15.Tomisoneofthetopstudentswho______bytheheadmaster.

A.havebeenpraised

B.hasbeenpraised

C.havepraised

D.arepraised

【答案】A

【解析】句意：Tom是受到校長(zhǎng)表揚(yáng)的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生之一。who引導(dǎo)的定語從

句先行詞為thetopstudents，所以從句中謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除B，D。

根據(jù)句意，學(xué)生是被表揚(yáng)的，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，選A。

16.Youcoulddoit,ifyou______tryhardenough.

A.might

B.should

C.could

D.would

【答案】B

【解析】句意：只要你足夠努力就能夠成功。本題考查虛擬語氣，對(duì)將

來情況的虛擬，表達(dá)方式為Ifsb.shoulddo...,sb.would/coulddo...假如

某人將……，某人將……。故選B。

17.Thechairmanrequestedthat______.

A.themembersstudiestheproblemmorecarefully

B.theproblemwouldbemorecarefullystudied

C.themembershadstudiedtheproblemwithmorecare

D.theproblembestudiedwithmorecare

【答案】D

【解析】句意：主席要求更加仔細(xì)地研究這個(gè)問題。固定用法，表示“要

求”“命令”等意思的詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其謂語動(dòng)詞要保持原形，故選

D。

18.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedtheproceedings______.

A.ifhedidn’tgetaflattire

B.iftheflattirehadn’thappened

C.hadhenothadaflattire

D.hadthetirenotflatteneditself

【答案】C

【解析】句意：假如喬治的輪胎沒有漏氣，他肯定會(huì)出席儀式。本題考

查虛擬語氣，對(duì)過去情況的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)如下：sb./sth.would/could/should

havedonesth.,ifsth./sb.had(not)donesth.，其中可以將had提前，其他語

序不變，構(gòu)成倒裝句。A項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)。“輪胎漏氣”的表達(dá)方式

為“have/getaflattire”，故選C。

19.Iwouldappreciate______itasecret.

A.youtokeep

B.thatyouwouldkeep

C.yourkeeping

D.thatyouarekeeping

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果你替我保密的話，我將非常感激你?！癮ppreciate

doingsth.”為固定搭配，排除A。中間可以加名詞主格或者賓格構(gòu)成獨(dú)立

主格結(jié)構(gòu)，補(bǔ)充說明“doing”動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，C項(xiàng)正確。appreciate后也可

跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，但時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與主句保持一致，用一般過去時(shí)，故

B，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

20.We______theletteryesterday,butitdidn’tarrive.

A.mustreceive

B.musthavereceived

C.oughttoreceive

D.oughttohavereceived

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我們本應(yīng)該昨天就收到信，卻沒有來。oughttohave

received本應(yīng)該……卻沒有……，符合句意。musthavereceived表示對(duì)過

去的肯定猜測(cè)。

Ⅱ.Readingcomprehension(40’)

Section1Multiplechoice(20’)

Directions:Inthissectiontherearereadingpassagesfollowedbymultiple-

choicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyour

answersheet.

PassageA

Thisyearsometwenty-threehundredteen-agersfromallovertheworldwill

spendabouttenmonthsinU.S.homes.TheywillattendU.S.schools,meet

U.S.teen-agers,andformlifelongimpressionsoftherealAmerica.Atthe

sametime,aboutthirteenhundredAmericanteen-agerswillgoabroadto

learnnewlanguagesandgainanewunderstandingofworldproblems.On

returninghomethey,likeotherswhohaveparticipatedintheexchange

program,willpassalongtheirfreshimpressiontotheyouthgroupsinwhich

theyareactive.

Whathavethevisitingstudentsdiscovered?AGermanboysays,“Weoften

thinkofAmericaonlyintermsofskyscrapers.Cadillacs,andgangsters.

AmericansthinkofGermanyonlyintermsofHitlerandconcentration

camps.Youcan’trealizehowwrongyouareuntilyouseeforyourself.”

ALosAngelesgirlsays,“It’stheleadersofthecountrieswhoareunableto

getalong.Thepeoplegetalongjustfine.”

Observeatwo-waystudentexchangeinaction.FredHerschbach,nineteen,

spentlastyearinGermanyatthehomeofGeorgePfafflin.Inturn,Mr.

Pfafflin’ssonMichaelspentayearintheHerschbachhomeinTexas.

Fred,lankyandlively,knewlittleGermanwhenhearrived,butaftertwo

months’studythelanguagebegantocometohim.Schoolwastotally

differentfromwhathehadexpected—muchmoreformal,muchharder.

Studentsroserespectfullywhentheteacherenteredtheroom.Theytook

fourteensubjectsinsteadofthesixthatareusualintheUnitedStates.There

werealmostnooutsideactivities.

Familylife,too,wasdifferent.Thefather’swordwaslaw,andallactivities

revolvedaroundthecloselyknitfamilyunitratherthantheindividual.Fred

foundthefood—mostlystarches—monotonousatfirst.Also,hemissed

havingacar.

“Athome,youpickupsomekidsinacarandgooutandhavengoodtime.In

Germany,youwalk,butyousoongetusedtoit.”

Awarm-naturedboy,Fredbegantomakefriendsassoonashehadmastered

enoughGermantocommunicate.“Ididn’tfeelasifIwerewithforeigners.I

feltasIdidathomewithmyownpeople.”Eventuallyhewasinvitedtostay

atthehomesoffriendsinmanyofGermany’smajorcities.“One’sviewpoint

isbroadened,”hesays,“bylivingwithpeoplewhohavedifferenthabitsand

backgrounds.Youcometoappreciatetheirpointsofviewandrealizethatit

ispossibleforallpeopleintheworldtocomeclosertogether.Iwouldn’t

tradethisyearforanything.”

Meanwhile,inTexas,MikePfafflin,afriendlyGermanboy,wasalso

formingindependentopinions.“IsupposeIshouldcriticizetheschools,”he

says.“Itwasfartooeasybyourstandards.ButIhavetoadmitthatIlikedit

enormouslyInGermanywedonothingbutstudy.Ithinkthatmaybeyour

schoolsarebettertrainingforcitizenship.Thereoughttobesomemiddle

groundbetweenthetwo.”Hetookpartinmanyoutsideactivities,including

thedramaticgroup.

MikepickedupafavoriteadjectiveofAmericanyouth;southernfried

chickenwas“fabulous,”Whenexpressingaregionalpointofview,heused

thephrase“weTexans.”Summinguphisyear,hesayswithfeeling,

“Americaisasecondhomeformefromnowon.Iwillloveittherestofmy

life.”

Thisexcitingexchangeprogramwasgovernmentsponsoredatfirst;nowitis

inthehandsofprivateagencies,includingtheAmericanFieldServiceand

theInternationalChristianYouthExchange.Screeningcommitteesmakea

carefulcheckonexchangestudentsandhosthomes.Toqualify,students

mustbeintelligent,adaptable,outgoing-potentialleaders.Eachstudentis

matched,ascloselyaspossible,withayoungpersoninanothercountry

whosefamilyhasthesameeconomic,cultural,andreligiousbackground.

Aftertheiryearsabroad,allstudentsgathertodiscusswho,theyobserved.

Forvisitingstudentstoacceptandapproveofalltheysawwouldbeadefeat

fortheexchangeprogram.Theyaresupposedtoobserveevaluate,andcome

tofairconclusions.NearlyallwhovisitedtheUnitedStatesagreedthatthey

hadgainedfaithinAmericanidealsanddeeprespectfortheU.Sbrandof

democracy.Allhadmadefriendshipthattheyweresurewouldlastalife-

time.AlmostallwerestruckbythefreedomdemittedAmericanyouth.Many

werecritical,though,oftheindifferencetostudyinAmericanschools,andof

Americans’lackofknowledgeaboutothercountries.

TheopinionsofAmericansabroadwerejustasvigorous.AU.S.girlin

Vienna:“Athome,allwetalkaboutisdating,movies,andclothes.Herewe

talkaboutreligion,philosophy,andpoliticalproblems.Iamgoingtomiss

that.”

AU.SboyinSweden:“Ilearnedtositathome,readagoodbook,andgain

someknowledge.ItItoldthemthisbackhome,theywouldthinkIwasa

square.”

AnAmericangirlinStuttgart,however,wasverycriticaloftheGerman

school.“Overheretheteacherisking,andyouaresomewherefarbelow.

Insteadofbeingfriendandcounselor,asinAmericatheteacherisregarded

asafoe—andbehaveslikeittoo!”

Itcostsasponsoringgroupaboutathousanddollarstogiveanexchange

studentayearintheUnitedStates.Transportationisthemajorexpense,for

bed,board,andpocketmoneyareprovidedbyvolunteerfamilies.Thereis

alsoasmallamountoffederalsupportfortheprogram.

Forsometimenow,attemptshavebeenmadetoincludestudentsfromiron

curtaincountries.ButsofartheCommunistshavenotallowedtheiryoung

peopletotakepartinthisprogramwhichcouldopentheireyestoadifferent

world.

InEurope,however,abouttenstudentsapplyforeveryplaceavailable,in

Japan,theratioisfiftytoone.Thestudentexchangeprogramishelpingthese

eageryoungercitizensoftomorrowlearnalotabouttheworldtoday.

1.Exchangestudentsaregenerallyplacedinhomesthatare______.

A.verysimilartotheirownhomes

B.typicalofhomesinthelandtheyarevisiting

C.asdifferentfromtheirownhomeasispossible

D.Noneoftheabove

2.Thegreatestvalueoftheprogramisthateachvisitingstudent______.

A.hasachancetotravelinforeigncountries

B.shareswhathelearnedwithothers

C.learnsanewlanguage

D.gainsanewunderstandingofworldproblems

3.FredHerschbachandMikePfafflinagreedthat______.

A.AmericansarefriendlierthanGermans

B.GermanfoodismoremonotonousthanAmericanfoods

C.GermanschoolsareharderthanAmericanschools

D.theteacherinGermanisking

4.Themajorexpensethatagroupsponsoringanexchangestudentmustmeet

is______.

A.bedandboard

B.pocketmoneyandincidentals

C.transportation

D.transportation,bedboardandpocketmoney

5.Itisreasonabletosupposethattheauthorwishesthat______.

A.Americanschoolsprovidedfeweroutsideactivities

B.moremoneywereavailabletofinancetheexchangeprogram

C.theprogramweregovernmentsponsored

D.visitingforeignstudentswillcompletelyacceptthecultureofAmerica

【答案與解析】

1.A句意：交換學(xué)生通常被安置在與自己家庭情況相似的外國家庭

中。文章第十一段最后一句提到“Eachstudentismatched,ascloselyas

possible,withayoungpersoninanothercountrywhosefamilyhasthesame

economic,cultural,andreligiousbackground.”意思是每個(gè)同學(xué)與和自己家

庭文化背景最相近的外國同學(xué)配對(duì)，然后互換家庭，所以選A。

2.D句意：交換項(xiàng)目的最大價(jià)值在于每個(gè)交換生對(duì)世界問題有了新的

認(rèn)識(shí)。第十二段第三句提到“Theyaresupposedtoobserveevaluate,and

cometofairconclusions.”意思是學(xué)生應(yīng)該通過交換項(xiàng)目學(xué)會(huì)自己觀察、

評(píng)價(jià)國外遇到的現(xiàn)象并得出自己對(duì)其的看法和結(jié)論，故選D。

3.C句意：FredHerschbach和MikePfafflin一致認(rèn)為，德國學(xué)校比美國

學(xué)校更為嚴(yán)格。第五段第二句指出“Schoolwastotallydifferentfromwhat

hehadexpected—muchmoreformal,muchharder.”可以得出Fred認(rèn)為德國

學(xué)校更正式和嚴(yán)格，第九段第二句中，Mike評(píng)論“Itwasfartooeasyby

ourstandards”，意思是按照德國的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來講，美國的學(xué)校太寬松了。因

此答案為C。

4.C句意：進(jìn)行交換生項(xiàng)目的組織必須為每位交換生提供的主要開支是

交通費(fèi)用。倒數(shù)第三段第二、三句指出，這些組織需要支付的主要開支

為交通費(fèi)，食宿和零用錢由各家庭志愿提供，故選C。

5.B句意：以下說法比較合理的一項(xiàng)是，作者希望交換項(xiàng)目可以得到更

多資金支持。倒數(shù)第三段中，作者指出，負(fù)責(zé)交換項(xiàng)目的組織需要為每

位學(xué)生提供一千美元的資金支持，食宿費(fèi)由各家庭支付，政府只提供一

少部分資金支持，而這導(dǎo)致最后一段中描述的很多學(xué)生爭(zhēng)搶一個(gè)交換名

額的情況，由此可以推斷，作者希望能有更多的資金支持交換項(xiàng)目，從

而使更年輕人從項(xiàng)目中受益。

PassageB

“Howmanycopiesdoyouwantprinted,Mr.Greeley?”

“Fivethousand!”Theanswerwassnappedbackwithouthesitation.

“But,sir,”thepressforemanprotested,“wehavesubscriptionsforonlyfive

hundrednewspapers.”

“We’llsellthemorgivethemaway.”

Thepressesstartedrolling,sendingathunderingnoiseoutoverthesleeping

streetsofNewYorkCity.TheNewYorkTribunewasborn.

Thenewspaper’sfounder,owner,andeditor,HoraceGreeley,anxiously

snatchedthefirstcopyasitcameslidingoffthepress.Thiswashisdreamof

manyyearsthatheheldinhishand.Itwasaspreciousasachild.Itsbirth

wastheresultofyearsofpoverty,hardwork,anddisappointments.

HardluckandmisfortunehadfollowedHoraceallhislife.Hewasbornof

poorparentsonFebruary3,1811,onasmallfarminNewHampshire.

Duringhisearlychildhood,theGreeleyfamilyrarelyhadenoughtoeat.

Theymovedfromonefarmtoanotherbecausetheycouldnotpaytheirdebts.

YoungHorace’sonlyboyhoodfunwasreading—whenhecouldsnatchafew

momentsduringalongworkingday.

“TheprintedwordalwaysfascinatedHorace.Whenhewasonlytenyearsold,

heappliedforajobasanapprenticeinaprintingshop.Buthedidn’tgetthe

jobbecausehewastooyoung.

Fouryearslater,HoracewalkedelevenmilestoEastPoultneyinVermontto

answeranad.ApapercalledtheNorthernSpectatorhadajobforaboy.The

editoraskedhimwhyhewantedtoboaprinter,Horacespokeupboldly:

“Because,sir,IwanttolearnallIcanaboutnewspapers.”

Theeditorlookedattheoddlydressedboy.Finallyhesaid,“You’vegotthe

job,son.”

Forthefirstsixmonths,roomandboardwouldbetheonlypayforhiswork.

Afterthat,hewouldgetroomandboardandfortydollarsayear.

Horacehurriedhometoshoutthegoodnewstohisfamily.Whenhegot

there,helearnedthathisfamilywasabouttomoveagain—thistimeto

Pennsylvania.Horacedecidedtostayandwork.Mrs.Greeleyhatedleaving

hersonbehind,butgaveherconsent.TwiceduringhisapprenticeshipHorace

walkedsixhundredmilestovisithisfamily.Eachtime,hetookallthe

moneyhehadsavedandgaveittohisfather.

TheSpectatorfailedafterHoracehadspentfouryearsworkingforit.He

joinedhisfamilyinErie,Pennsylvania,andgotajobontheErieGazette.

Halfthemoneyheearnedhegavetohisfamily.Theotherhalfhesavedtogo

toNewYork.

Whenhewastwenty,HoracearrivedinNewYorkwithtendollarsinhis

pocket.Hewasturneddowntwicewhenheaskedforajob.Finallyhe

becameatypesetterforJohnTWest’sPrintery.TheonlyreasonHoracegot

thejobwasthatitwassodifficultotherprinterswouldn’ttakeit.Hisjobwas

tosetaverysmalleditionoftheBible.Horacealmostruinedhiseyesatthat

job.

AsyoungGreeley’sskillgrew,betterjobscamehisway.Hecouldhave

boughtbetterclothesandmovedoutofhisdingyroom.Buthewasusedto

beingpoor,andhishabitsdidnotchangeHespentpracticallynothingon

himself.EvenafterhisTribunebecameasuccess,helivedasifhehadn’t

enoughmoneyforhisnextmeal.

TheTribunegrewandthrived.Itwasunlikeanynewspapereverprinted

beforeintheUnitedStates.Greeleystartedanewtypeofjournalism.His

newsstoriesweretruthfulandaccurateHiseditorialsattackedaswellas

praised.Manypeopledisagreedwithwhathewrote,butstilltheyreadit.The

TribunebecameAmerica’sfirstnationwidenewspaper.Itwasreadaseagerly

intheMidwestandFarWestasitwasintheEast.Greeley’sthundering

editorialsbecamethemostpowerfulvoiceintheland.

GreeleyandhisTribunefoughtformanycauses.Hewasthefirsttocomeout

fortherightofwomentovote.HisTribunewastheleaderindemanding

protectionforhomesteadsintheWest.Hearousedthenorthinthefight

againstslavery.DuringadepressionintheEast,joblessmenaskedwhatthey

coulddotosupportthemselves.SaidGreeley:“GoWest,youngman,go

West!”

AstheTribunegainedmorepower,Greeleybecamemoreinterestedin

politicsHeledinformingandnamingtheRepublicanParty.He,morethan

anyotherman,wasresponsibleforAbrahamLincoln’sbeingnamedtorun

forPresident.

HoraceGreeleywasfirstofallasuccessfulnewspaperman.Hewasalsoa

powerfulpoliticalleader.Buthewasnotapopularman.In1872heranfor

PresidentagainstUlyssesSGrant.Grantwasre-electedbyanoverwhelming

margin.

Greeleywasthenindeepmourningovertherecentdeathofhiswife.Hewas

heart-brokenoverlosingtheelection.Heneverrecoveredfromthedouble

blowonlyweeksafterhisdefeat,hediedinNewYorkCity.Hisbeloved

Tribunelivedonafterhimasthemonumenthewanted.Justbeforedied,he

wrote:

“IcherishthehopethatthejournalIprojectedandestablishedwillliveand

flourishlongafterIshallhavemoulderedintoforgottendust,andthatthe

stonethatcoversmyashesmaybeartofutureeyesthestillintelligible

inscription,FounderoftheNewYorkTribune.”

6.Horacegladlyacceptedhisfirstjob______.

A.becauseofthekindofworkitwas

B.becauseofthehighsalaryoffered

C.becauseofthelocationoftheoffice

D.becamehecouldn’tfindanyotherjob

7.WhenHoracefoundedtheTribunehewas______.

A.alreadyarichandfamousnewspaperman

B.poor,butskilledinnewspaperwork

C.poor,buteagertolearnnewspaperwork

D.richandskilledinnewspaperwork

8.TheTribunewasdifferentfromallotherAmericanpapersbecauseitwas

______.

A.availablebysubscriptiononly

B.printedinNewYorkcity

C.distributedthroughoutthenation

D.itofferedtheeditor’spersonalopinionsonly

9.BeforetheTribunewasfounded,newsreportingwas______.

A.honestbutuninteresting

B.distortedordishonest

C.almostunknown

D.interestingbutdistorted

10.Greeleyprobablyfeltthathisgreatestaccomplishmentwas______.

A.risingfrompovertytowealth

B.becomingapopularpoliticalleader

C.foundingtheNewYorkTribune

D.Alloftheabove

【答案與解析】

6.A句意：Horace很高興地接受第一份工作的原因是這正是他想要的工

作。文章第九段最后一句，當(dāng)Horace被問及為什么想做這份工作時(shí)，他

回答“IwanttolearnallIcanaboutnewspapers”，說明這份工作正是他想

要的，故選A。文章第十一段說明這份工作開始僅提供食宿，排除B。

第十二段中提到Horace的家要搬到Pennsylvania，而這份工作是在

Vermont（第九段第一句），有600英里之遠(yuǎn)，排除C項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)在文中沒

有提到。

7.D句意：Horace創(chuàng)辦《論壇報(bào)》的時(shí)候已經(jīng)很富有，并且熟悉報(bào)紙行

業(yè)的各項(xiàng)技能。文章第十五段開頭提到，隨著Greeley的技藝越來越好，

他開始有好的工作機(jī)會(huì)，能夠購置好的衣服并搬出昏暗的房子，由此可

以得出Greeley當(dāng)時(shí)技能純熟，也很富有，排除B，C項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)符合原文

意思。Greeley變得出名發(fā)生在其創(chuàng)辦《論壇報(bào)》之后，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

8.C句意：《論壇報(bào)》同美國其他報(bào)紙的不同之處在于它在全國范圍內(nèi)

發(fā)行。倒數(shù)第六段第二句開始描述了《論壇報(bào)》與美國其他報(bào)紙的不同

之處。倒數(shù)第三句“TheTribunebecameAmerica’sfirstnationwide

newspaper.”，說明《論壇報(bào)》是第一份全國性的報(bào)紙，即當(dāng)時(shí)唯一在全

國發(fā)行的報(bào)紙，故選C。

9.B句意：《論壇報(bào)》成立之前，新聞報(bào)道是歪曲的或者不真實(shí)的。倒

數(shù)第六段第三、四“Greeleystartedanewtypeofjournalism.Hisnews

storiesweretruthfulandaccurate”，即Greeley開創(chuàng)了新的報(bào)道方式，他的

新聞故事真實(shí)而準(zhǔn)確。由此可以得出，這之前的報(bào)道不真實(shí)，選B。

10.C句意：Greeley可能認(rèn)為他最大的成就是建立了《論壇報(bào)》。文章

第六段第二、三句“Thiswashisdreamofmanyyears...resultofyearsof

poverty,hardwork,anddisappointments.”說明了《論壇報(bào)》對(duì)Greeley的

重要性，最后一段Greeley在死前寫的一段話，說明自己希望在死后《論

壇報(bào)》能夠更好，因此最可能是他眼中自己最大的成就。

Section2Answeringquestions(20’)

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagesandthenanswerINCOMPLETE

SENTENCESthequestionswhichfolloweachpassage.Useonly

informationfromthepassageyouhavejustreadandwriteyouranswerinthe

correspondingspaceinyouranswersheet.

Questions1～3

Atseveno’clockeachmorningabellsoundsintheredbrickbuildingsonthe

steepbankoftheHudsonRiveratOssining,NewYork.Asitrings,anentire,

separatetownofsome2300personscomestolife.Itistheprisontownof

SingSing,aworldofmenwhoareconfinedbutalsoliving,working,playing

—andhopingSingSingisatownthatlivesonhope.

Theseveno’clockbellisthesignalforSingSing’s1748inmatesand514

manstafftobeginanotherroundofduties.Theprisonersrise,washand

dress.Theymakeuptheirnarrowbedsarmy-styleandmakecertainthatthe

objectsontheirdressersareregulationneat.By7:15,whenguardscome

alongtherunwaystounlocktheindividualcells,themenareready.Theyfile

slowlytothemesshall,fallingintostepalongthewaywithfriendsand

acquaintances.Eachmangrabsatrayandgetsabreakfastofoatmealwith

milkandsugar,bread,andcoffee;hetakeshisseatatoneofthelongrowsof

eatingbenches,placesthetraybeforehim,andbeginshisbreakfastSostarts

thedayinSingSing.

Breakfastover,themenfilefromthemesshallandunderthewatchfuleyes

ofguards,droptheireatingutensilsintoboxesprovidedatthedoors.Atfive

minutestoeighttheygooutsideinalong,chatteringlinedowntothecluster

ofprisonworkshops.

Theprisonhasadualfunction:ithasitsownpermanentpopulation,butit

alsoservesasareceivingstationforthegreatflowofprisonersfromNew

YorkCity.Heretheycometobeexamined,screened,andeventually

transferredtoupstateinstitutions.

Forthefirsttwoweeks,thenewarrivalisputthroughaseriesofmental,

physical,andpsychologicalexaminationsandgivencoursestopreparehim

forprisonlife.Ineachbatchofnewprisonerstherearehardenedmenfor

whomprisoncanservejustonefunction—toremovethemfromsocietyand

keepthemfromdoingfurtherharm.Butineachbatchtherearealsothose

whocanbehelpedandencouragedandturnedintolaw-abidingcitizens.Itis

towardthesethatmostoftheeffortattheprisonisdirected.

SingSingisaschool,hospital,andfactoryaswellasaprisonifinitialtests

showthatamanisilliterate,hegoestotheprisonschooltoreceivethe

equivalentofaneighth-gradeeducationifheneedsmedicaltreatment,heis

senttotheprisonhospital.Ifheshowssomespecialaptitude,orappears

capableoflearningatrade,heisassignedtoaregularjobinoneoftheshops.

Theshopscoverawiderangeofactivities.Amanmaybeassignedtothe

printshoptolearntheprinter’strade,ortotheneighboringmachineshop,

whereatwelve-monthcourseturnsrawtraineesintogoodautomechanics,

Manyoftheprisons“graduates,”incapableofearninganhonestlivingbefore

nowsupportthemselvesonthegoodwagestheymakeasskilledworkers.

Theshopsarebusyuntil11:40a.m.,whenthemenstraggleuptheslopeto

themesshallfordinner.Intheafternoonssomemengobacktotheshops.

Othersmaymeetandtalkwithrelativesintheprison’svisitingroom.

Athletesmayspendhoursrunninganddrillingonthebasketballcourt.

Theday’sworkendsat3:30,givingthemenmorethananhourofrelative

freedombeforethesupperwhistlesoundsat4:40.Withtheeveningmeal,the

dayends.Themengodirectlyfromthemesshalltotheircellblocksandare

lockedinforthenight.Eachcellisequippedwithasetofradioheadphones

tunedintoprogramssentovertheprisoncircuit.Aprisonermayreadoneof

thewell-thumbedvolumesfromtheprisonlibrary,whichcirculatesabout

36,000volumesayear,orhemaywork,asmanyinmatesdo,ona

correspondencecoursetoimprovehischancesofmakingalivingwhenhe

getsoutLightsgooutatteno’clock.Thisroutinedoesnotvarygreatlyfor

anyofSingSing’sinmates.

“Weruntheprisonlikeacityofeighteenhundredpeople,onlyofcoursewith

alotmorepolice,”saysWardenWilfredI.Denno.“Anythingyoucouldn’t

doontheoutside,youcan’tdoontheinside.Youcan’tfight,youcan’tabuse

anofficer,youcan’tsteal.Ifyoudo,you’llbepunished.Weholdcourttwice

aweekandtrytomakethepunishmentfitthecrime.”

Thiscodeisimpressedontheprisonerfromthestart,itunderlieshisevery

moveoneverydayhespendsinSingSing.Heisfacedwithclear

alternatives.Ifhemisbehaves,hereceivedpunishmentintheformof

restrictedprivilegesorevenstrictconfinement.Inonetypicalweekthere

wereonlyfiveinfractionsofprisonrules,mostofwhichwereminor.One

manwasreprimandedfornotreposingtoworkontime,oneforcreatinga

disturbancebytryingtoshovehiswayintothemess-halllineaheadofthose

alreadywaiting.Inthreeweeksofreportstherewasonlyonecaseofserious,

outrightrebellionagainstprisondiscipline.Aninmatewhowastobereleased

inamonthsuddenlyrefusedtofollowanofficer’sorder.Hewaspromptly

placedinsegregationfortherestofhisprisonterm.Therearenodarkholes

orbread-and-waterroutinesatSingSing—insegregation,thecellsandthe

foodarethesameasintherestoftheprison.Butaman’smovementsare

restricted.Heiskeptlockedinhisceil,isolatedfromhisfellows,andcannot

gotothemoviesortothecommissary.

Ifaprisonerbehaves,heaccumulates“goodtime,”animportantsourceof

hopeformostprisoners.Goodtimeisth