廣州市2018屆高中畢業(yè)班綜合測試(一)英語(2018廣州一模英語卷)

./2018年XX市普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測試〔一英語2018.3第I卷第二部分閬?zhàn)x理解<共兩節(jié),滿分40分>第一節(jié)<共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分>閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng).AIt’snosecretthatyourpersonalcharacteristicsdirectlyaffecthowyouinteractwiththeworld-butyoumightbesurprisedatjusthowdeepitgoes.Expertsthinkthatyourpersonalitycanevenaffecthowyouexerciseandinfluencewhatsportsaresuitableforyou.HighlySensitiveHighlysensitivepeoplemaybemoreuncomfortablewithgroupexerciseclassesorteamsportswheretheyfeeltheireverymoveisbeingobserved.Additionally,theymayfeelmoreupsetoveranineffectiveorpoorworkout,saysresearcherElaineAron.Forsuchpeople,individualornon-competitiveactivitieslikebiking,runningandhikingareideal.TypeAPersonalityTypeAindividualsoftenhavean"allornothingapproach"toexercise.Thispersonalitytypeisknownforstickingcloselytotheirplan,nottomentionbeingsupercompetitive.However,thiscancausethemtosticktoocloselytoafitnessroutine,whichmeanstheymighttrytopushpastaninjury.Togetbetterexerciseresults,TypeApeopleneedtobeawarethatfollowinganexerciseplantoostrictlymaylimittheirprogress.Theyshouldbemoreflexibleandlistentotheirbody,especiallywhentheyareinpain.TypeBPersonalityThislaid-backgroupmaygettoolazyabouttheirexerciseplan,whichpreventsthemfromseeingresults.Theyareoftenlesswillingtodevoteenoughtimeandenergytotheirfitnessgoals,especiallyifexerciseissomethingthatmakesthemanxiousTypeBindividualssucceedincreativeandco-operativeenvironments,soteamsportsandgroupgymclassesmaybeperfect.Remember,thereareplentyofwaysyoucanadaptafitnessplantosuityourneeds,regardlessofyourcharacteristics.Justkeepinmindwhatyoulike.21.Whymighthighlysensitivepeoplebeunwillingtotakepartingroupsports?A.Theywillfeelliketheyarebeingevaluated.B.Theydon'tlikesocializingwithotherpeople.C.Theydon'tconsiderthemselvestobeathletic.D.Theyfearthey'llbeletdownbytheirteammates.22.TypeApersonalitiescanbebestdescribedasA.committedBflexibleCindependentD.sensitive23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TohelppeopleunderstandwhatpersonalitytypetheyareB.ToexplainhowpersonalcharacteristicsaffectexercisehabitsC.ToidentifythedangersofdoingthewrongtypeofexerciseD.TodescribedifferenttypesofworkoutsthatareavailabletodayBAtfirstsight,AlmaDeutscher,atwelve-year-oldgirlfromEnglandappearstobelikeanyothertypicalpre-teen.Shelovestoskiprope,readandplaywithheryoungersister.Butthismodestyoungster,whocomposedherfirstmusicalworkatagesix,firstshortoperaatageseven,andfirstfull-lengthoperabasedonCinderellaatageten,isanythingbutaverage.Thoughherparentsdownplayherextraordinarytalent,youngAlmaisbeingdescribedas"littleMozart"bythemusicworldAlma’soperatictakeontheclassicfairytale,whichshebeganwritingatageeight,hasaslighttwist.HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharmingthroughasong."InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballadbutatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthemaidensofthelandtosingtheendoftheballad."TheoperawasfirstperformedinVienna,AustraliaonDecember29,2016,wherethetheneleven-year-oldskillfullyswitchedbetweenthepianoandtheviolinandreceivesenthusiasticreviews.Theyounggeniushassinceperformedtwonewpianoworks,onceinAustraliaandtheotherinWhilethismayappeartobealotforsomeonesoyoung,Almaisnotworried.Shesays,"OfcourseIhavetoworkhard.Butallchildrenhavetoworkhardforexams,andatleastwhenIworkhard,Iworkhardforsomethingincrediblyexciting,likeseeingmywholeoperaputonstage.Alma’smusicaltalentfirstcametolightbeforeshecouldeventalk.Herparentsrecallthatasan18-month-oldtoddler,shewasabletohumapitchperfectversionofthechildren’srhymeTwinkleTwinkleLittleStar.However,Alma’sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2012,afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlinecomparinghertoMozart.ThefamilywassuddenlyswampedwithmediarequestedandAlmabecameanovernightstar,dubbed"littleMozart".Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled"acomposerandmusician".Almadoesnotwanttobecomparedtothefamousartisteither,saying,"TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma."R24.WhatdoweknowaboutAlmaDeutscher? A.Shecomesfromafamousmusicalfamily. B.Shehasshowngreatmusicaltalentfromayoungage. C.SheregularlyperformstheclassicalmusicofMozart. D.Shehasadaptedsomefamousworksofclassicalmusic.25.HowdidAlmagettobewidelyknown? A.Throughanonlinevideo B.Byperformingontelevision C.Byputtingonanopera D.Throughherparents’promotion26.WhatisAlma’sattitudetowardshersuccess?A.Sheisstillunsatisfiedwithherperformance.B.Sheisuncomfortablewithsomuchpressure.C.SheismodestabouthermusicalachievementsD.Sheisproudtohavebecomeaprofessionalmusician.27.WhatcanweinferaboutAlma’sparents?A.Theyareverywell-educatedpeople.B.Theyareprotectiveoftheirdaughter.C.TheyhavepushedAlmatotakeupmusic.D.TheyhavemadeagoodlifeplanforAlma.CThebeliefthatnewtechnologiesarecausingthedeathofworkistheideathatnevergoesaway.Despiteevidencetothecontrary,westillviewtechnologicalchangetodayasbeingmorerapidanddramaticinitsconsequencesforworkthaneverbefore.Butthisisnothingnew.Peoplehavealwaysviewedthetechnologicalchangesthattakeplaceduringtheirlivesasthemostdramaticanddangerousthateverhappenedinhistory.Inthe1930s,theBritisheconomist<經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家>JohnMaynardKeynespredictedthewidespreaduseofelectricitywouldproduceaworldwherepeoplespendmostoftheirtimedoingnothing.IntheUnitedStatesduringthe1960s,thegovernmentrepeatedlyinvestigatesfearsthatautomaticmachineswouldpermanentlyreducetheamountofworkavailable.In1988,oneAustralianhistorianclaimedthatatleastaquarteroftheworkforcewouldbewithoutjobswithin10yearsbecauseofcomputers.Ofcourse,noneofthesedisasterscametopassintheUnitedKingdom,theUnitedStatesandAustralia,oranywhereelse.Yettoday,weareseeingthereturnofthesepredictions,withsomeexpertsclaimingtheworldofworkisoncemoreundergoingradicalandunprecedentedchange.Theyarguethatrobotsandotherworkplacetechnologiesarecausingareductioninthetotalamountofworkavailable,orarebringingamorerapidpaceofsubstitutionofmachinesforhumansthanhasbeenseenpreviously.Butthereisalittleevidencetosupportsuchbeliefs.Statisticsshowthatthepercentageofpeopleinwork,thenumberofhourstheywork,andhowfrequentlytheychangejobshaveremainedremarkablyconstantoverthepast20years.Thisstabilityshouldnotcomeasasurprise.Therearegoodreasonswhyweshouldnotexpectnewtechnologiestocausethedeathofwork.Newtechnologiesalwayscausejoblosses,butthatisonlypartofthestory.Whatalsoneedstobeunderstoodishowtheyincreasetheamountofworkavailable.Onewaythishappensisthroughtheincreasesinincomesthataccompanytheuseofnewtechnologies.Withtheintroductionofthesetechnologies,goodandservicescanbeproducedfaster,whichresultsinhigherrealincomesforworkers.Higherincomesthenincreasedemandforotherproductsandconsequentlymoreworkersareneededtomakethem.Additionally,whilenewtechnologiesarelikelytosubstituteforsometypesofworkers,theywillalsoincreasedemandforothertypesofworkers,especiallythosewithhigherlevelskillsandexpertise.So,theendofworkisnoclosertodaythanatanytimeinthepast.Butthereisstillaneedtokeepdisprovingtheprediction,toreducepeople'sfears.28.Whatisthefunctionofthesecondparagraph?A.Toexplaintheimportanceofdevelopingnewtechnology.B.Toshowhowtechnologyaffectedemploymentinthepast.C.Toarguethattechnologicaldangersarebecomingmoreserious.D.Togivehistoricalexamplesofunnecessaryfearaboutnewtechnology.29.Howcanemploymentstatisticsoverthepast20yearsbestbedescribed?A.ConfusingB.Reliable C.Stable D.Variable30.Accordingtoparagraph7,whydoesdemandforproductsoftenincreaseafternewtechnologyisintroduced?A.Therearemoregoodsforpeopletochoosefrom.B.Thereismoredemandfornewskillsintheeconomy.C.Productivityimprovementshelpraiseworkers’salaries.D.Higherqualitygoodsatlowerpricesencourageconsumption.31.Whatistheauthor’sopinionabouttheintroductionofnewtechnology?A.Itdoesnothaveaneffectonmostpeople’sjobs.B.Itsbenefitsareusuallynotworththeintroduction.C.Itusuallyleadstoasignificantincreaseinemployment.D.Itsdangertopeoplesemploymentpossibilitiesisoverstated.DSupermarketshelvesarefilledwithplant-basedalternativestocowmilk,includingsoy,nut,andcoconutmilk.Theseproductsarepopularwithconsumerswhocannotdrinkcows’milkforhealthreasons,aswellaswiththoseconcernedaboutanimalwelfareandenvironmentalsustainability.Whilethedairy-free<非乳制的>optionsworkwellwithcerealorincoffee,theyfailmiserablywhenitcomestomakingmilk-basedproductslikecheeseoryogurt.However,theseshortcomingsmaysoonbeathingofthepast,thankstoanewcompanyinCalifornia,whichhasfPerumalGandhiandRyanPandyafoundedthecompanyin2014afterbecomingincreasinglyannoyedwiththelackofcows’milk-freealternatives,particularlyforcheese.ForGandhi,whostoppedconsuminganimalproductsfiveyearsearlierduetoenvironmentalandanimalwelfareconcerns,themotivationtocreateabetteralternativestemmedfromhisloveofcheesypizza.Pandyawasspurredintotakingactionafterbeingforcedtoeatsome"reallybad"dairy-freecreamcheeseonhissandwichThetwoMITbiomedicalengineeringscientistsdecidedtojoinforcestocreateamorerealisticalternativetodairy-basedproducts.Intheiruniversitylab,thepairspentninemonthsfirstisolatingcowDNAtheninsertingitintoyeast<酵母>.Thisgeneticmodificationenabledtheyeasttoproducethenecessarymilkproteins.Thefinalstepoftheprocessinvolvedmixingtheproteinswithsomeplantnutrientsandfats.Thedairy-freemilknotonlytastesliketherealthingbutisalsohealthier,hasalongershelflifeand,mostimportantofall,isEarthfriendly.Accordingtothecompany’swebsite,whencomparedtoconventionalmilkproduction,theirprocessuses65%lessenergy,creates84%olessgreenhousegasemissionsandrequires91%lesslandandanamazing98%lesswater!Bestofall,sinceitcontainsrealmilkproteins,theproductbehaveslikethecow-producedversion,whichmeansvegetarianconsumerswillnolongerhavetodealwithsoggycheeseontheirsandwichesandpizzas.Thecompanyplanstobringtheircreationtomarketlaterthisyearandtheirfirstproductwillmostlikelybecheesesincetherearealreadynumerousgoodcows’milkalternativesavailabletoconsumers.32.Theunderlinedword"those"inparagraph1refersto_______.A.alternativesB.peopleC.productsD.reasons33.Thecompanysfoundersweremotivatedtomakethenewproductbecauseof_______.A.theirdeepconcernfortheenvironmentB.theirworrythatfarmanimalswerepoorlytreatedCtheover-consumptionofthedairy-basedproductsD.thepoortasteofdairy-freecheesepresentlyavailable34.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Thedairy-freeproductscannotbestoredforalongtime.B.Thenewproductswilltastebetterthandairy-basedones.C.Cowfarmingcausesconsiderableenvironmentaldamage.D.Thedairy-freemilkwillbemoreexpensivethancow’smilk.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthierCheeseB.NewMilkSavesPlanetC.FresherMilk,BetterFutureD.MakingMilkwithoutCows第二節(jié)<共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分>根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.36Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon'tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.37ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic<診斷的>tool.Ozcan'sinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,don’thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.38WithOzcan'smobilephoneapp,healthworkerscantakeaspecialphotoofabloodsampleandsendittoacentralcomputeratahospital.Thecomputerwillthenautomaticallyinterpretthephotoandsendadiagnosisbackinafewminutes.39HistechnologyonlyrequiresamobilephoneandanInternetconnection.Asmorethanfourbillionpeoplealreadyhavecellphones,thecostofestablishingthediagnosticsystemisfairlylow.ByinventingamedicaltoolthatusesexistingtechnologymobilephonesOzcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.40A.AnotherreasonthatOzcan'sinventionisimportantisthatitisinexpensive.B.Eventhoughyoumayonlyhaveasimpleinfection<感染>,youmightdiebecauseofthedelay.C.Peoplearetryingtoreducethecostofthisnewmedicaltool.D.Ozcan'ssimple,cost-effectivetoolmightjustsavemillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.E.Thistoolhasbecomemuchmorepopularallaroundtheworld.F.Youbecomeverysickandmustwaitdaysuntilamobilemedicalunitarrivestohelp.G.Asaresult,theymaydiagnoseillnessesincorrectly.第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用<共兩節(jié),滿分45分>第一節(jié)<共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分>閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)<A、B、C和D>中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.Oneof'myteammatessaiditbestonourlastdayoftheseason:"Guys,youaremyfamily.Weareallbrothers."Ourtennisteamismorethanjustagroupofindividualplayersthrown41;thereisafriendship42bynoothergroupwithwhichIhavebeeninvolved.Weare43,yetconnected.Wehavestudent-athletesfromallfouryearsofhighschool,fromdifferentpartsofthecity,andfromdifferentfamiliesandsocial44.Nevertheless,weareall45byasharedloveoftennis.Thetennisteam46tomebecauseitcontainstwothingsthatItreasuremost:tennisand47.EversinceIwastenyearsold,the48aspectoftennisattractedmetoanotherwisephysicalsport.Myfirsttenniscoachalwaysusedtosay,"Tennisis10%physicaland90%ofmental."49thementalstrengthtostay50andcontrolledunderpressure,skillsare51.SometimesIfeellikeIhavetwo52inamatch:meagainstthepersonontheothersideofthenet,andmeagainstthepersoninsidemyhead,tellingmetohitabettershot.However,despitethe53pressuresoftennis,thebrotherhood54byworkingtogetherasateamhelpsspreadthe_55ofthepressureoveranentiregroup.We56eachotheronandoffthecourt.Wedothisbecausewehavebecomea/an57awayfromhome.IplaymybesttenniswhenIhavemyteamsfullsupport,58intheknowledgethattheyarealwaysbackingme59.Iknowthateachoneofusputseverythingwehaveintoevery60whetherweareplayingorcheering.41.A.aroundB.backC.forwardD.together42.A.earnedB.followedC.matchedD.noticed43.A.courageousB.diverseC.motivatedD.skillful44.A.activitiesB.backgroundsC.responsibilitiesDservices45.A.disturbedB.sponsoredC.trainedD.united46.A.continuesB.returnsC.mattersD.occurs47.A.brotherhoodB.childhoodC.entertainmentDsociety48.A.physicalB.environmentalCmentalD.technical49.A.AccordingtoB.BeyondC.InspiteofD.Without50.A.activeB.calmChopefulD.silent51.A.contradictoryB.difficultC.uselessDpowerful52.A.opponentsB.friendsC.goalsD.risks53.A.unavoidableBunreasonableC.unexpectedDunwelcome54.A.allocatedB.createdC.imaginedD.suspected55.A.areaB.controlC.valueD.weight56.A.supportB.fightC.recognizeD.teach57.A.audienceBfamilyC.reasonD.surprise58.A.anxiousB.curiousC.sensitiveD.secure59.A.enthusiasticallyB.differently Cgradually D.intentionally60.A.dreamB.personCmatchD.team第II卷第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用<共兩節(jié);滿分45分>第二節(jié)<共10小題:每小題1.5分,滿分15分>閱讀下面材料,在空白處填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Morethan700yearsago,a17-year-oldItalianyouthfollowedhisfatheranduncleonajourneytotheEast,dreamingaboutthemysteriesofChina.Thethreeset61onapaththatmighthavefrightenedeventhemostambitioustravellers.TheyoungadventurerwasMarcoPolo.Havingatalentforlanguages,MarcoPololearnedtospeakMongolianandChinese.LaterundertheordersofKublaiKhan,he62<travel>farandwideacrossChina.Alongtheway,hestopped63<record>detailednotesaboutthelocalcustoms,geographyandvaluesofthepeople,soastoreportbacktotheKhan.MarcoPoloreturnedtoVenice24yearslater.With64<count>treasuresbroughtbackfromtheEast,hebecame65wealthymanovernight.66hewitnessedinChinaarousedmuchinterestamonghiscountrymen.Marcopolo'sjourneytoChinaandthecontentsofhis67<vivid>writtenbook,TheTravelsofMarcoPolo,which68<think>tobeafairytaleinEuropeatthetime,triggeredawaveofEuropeaninterestintheOrient.MarcoPolo’sstoryisbothoneaboutanexplorerssearchforrichesandaWesterner69<follow>hisdreamtoreachChina.Morethan700yearslater,China,theoncemysteriousOrientalnation,isignitingtheChinesedreamofmanymodernMarcoPolos,attractedbyitsrapid70<develop>anditsgrowingimportanceintheworld.第四部分寫作<共兩節(jié),滿分35分>第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)<共10小題；每小題1分,滿分10分>假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號<^>,并在其下面寫出該加的詞.刪除：把多余的詞用斜線<\>劃掉.修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者<從第11處起>不計(jì)分.ThesummerjobisatraditionamongAmericanuniversitystudents.Longaftertheendoftheschoolyear,studentsstarttheirsummervacationjobsearch.Theysendletterstobusinesses,goingtojobinterviews,andaskourfriendsandrelativesforhelp.ByJunethestudentsusuallyhavebeenfoundtheirjobsandthentheybeginpreparingtoentertheworldofworksReasonsforwantingasummerjobdiffersfromstudenttostudent.Someworkhelppaytheirschoolexpenses,othersworktogainexperienceintheirchosenprofessions:stillothersworkjustforthefunnyofit.Salesmenorwaitersaretwoofthemuchcommonjobsthatstudentstrytofindduringthesummermonths.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)<滿分25分>假定你是李華,收到英國朋友Alice的郵件,以下是郵件內(nèi)容:DearLiHu