溫州大學人文學院909英語教學法專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2015年溫州大學904英語教學法考研真題及詳解

2016年溫州大學904英語教學法考研真題及詳解

2017年溫州大學904英語教學法考研真題及詳解

2018年溫州大學904英語教學法考研真題及詳解

2015年溫州大學904英語教學法考

研真題及詳解

PartⅠNotionExplaining(20points,2pointsforeach)

Directions:Explainthefollowingtennotions.

1.communicativecompetence

【答案】Communicativecompetenceincludesboththeknowledgeabout

thelanguageandtheknowledgeabouthowtousethelanguageappropriately

incommunicativesituations.Speakersnotonlyhavetoknowfunctional

meaningofthelanguagebutalsothesocialcontextwherethemessageis

given.Therearefivecomponentsofcommunicativecompetence,namely,

linguisticcompetence,pragmaticcompetence,discoursecompetence,

strategiccompetence,andfluency.

2.curriculum

【答案】Curriculumreferstoaspecificdocumentofalanguageprogram

developedforaparticularcountryorregion,whichprovides:①general

statementsabouttherationaleaboutlanguage,languagelearningand

languageteaching,②detailedspecificationofaims,objectivesandtargets

learningpurpose,and③implementationsofaprogram.Insomesense,a

syllabusispartofacurriculum.

3.hiddenresources

【答案】Therearealotofresourcesthatexistaroundusinthe

classroomwhichareveryvaluableforteachingandlearningbutarenotbeing

recognizedorfullyexploredandtheseresourcesarecalledhiddenresources.

Theyincludethingslikeourowngestures,facialexpressions,imagination,

creativity,ourownemotions,ourenvironment,andourknowledgeandskills.

4.in-the-useevaluationoftextbooks

【答案】Forin-the-useevaluation,evaluationisdonebasedonthe

users’opinionsi.e.teachers’aswellaslearners’,abouthowusefuland

effectiveitisforpromotinglearning.Usually,suchevaluationwilltakethe

formofinterviewsandquestionnaires.

5.thedirectmethod

【答案】Thedirectmethodofteaching,whichissometimescalledthe

naturalmethod,andisoften(butnotexclusively)usedinteachingforeign

languages,refrainsfromusingthelearners’nativelanguageandusesonlythe

targetlanguage.Itcontrastswiththegrammar-translationmethodandother

traditionalapproaches,aswellaswithbilingualmethod.

6.knowingaword

【答案】Knowingawordmeansknowingitspronunciationandstress;

knowingitsspellingandgrammaticalproperties;knowingitsmeaning;

knowinghowandwhentouseittoexpresstheintendedmeaning.

7.thebottom-upmodelforteachinglistening

【答案】Thebottom-upmodelforteachinglisteningholdsthatlistening

comprehensionisbelievedtostartwithsoundandmeaningrecognitions.In

otherwords,weuseinformationinthespeechitselftotrytocomprehendthe

meaning.Listenersconstructmeaningofwhattheyhearbasedonthesound

theyhear.

8.aprocessapproachtowriting

【答案】Differentfromproduct-orientedwritingwhichpaysgreat

attentiontotheaccuracyofthefinalproductbutignorestheprocess,which

thestudentsgothroughtoreachthefinalgoal,aprocessapproachtowriting

referstothewritingapproachthatrequiresthattheteacherprovidestoguide

studentsthroughtheprocessthattheyundergowhentheyarewritingandthis

kindofguidanceshouldbegraduallywithdrawnsothatthestudentscan

finallybecomeindependentwriters.

9.interactionalview(onlanguage)

【答案】Theinteractionalviewoflanguageseeslanguageprimarilyas

themeansforestablishingandmaintaininginterpersonalrelationshipsandfor

performingsocialtransactionsbetweenindividuals.Thetargetoflanguage

learningintheinteractionalviewislearningtoinitiateandmaintain

conversationswithotherpeople.

10.brainstorming

【答案】Brainstormingisoneofthemajorstepsinprocesswriting,

whichmeansstudentsworktogethertobrainstormideasforwriting,students

canlistalltheideasrelatedtothetopiconapieceofpaperoronthe

blackboard.

PartⅡStatementJudging(20points,1pointforeach)

Directions:Readthefollowing20statements,anddecidewhichoneof

themistrueorfalse.Ifthestatementistrue,putTinthebrackettotheright

ofthesentence;iffalse,putFinthebracket.

1.Languageisasystemofarbitrary,vocalsymbolswhichpermitall

peopleinagivenculture,orotherpeoplewhohavelearnedthesystemofthat

culture,tocommunicateortointeract.(Finocchiaro,1964:8)

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語言的含義。菲諾基亞羅將語言定義為一個任意

的聲音符號系統(tǒng)，允許一個特定文化中的所有人，或該文化之外的人通

過學習該系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)交流或互動。因此該表述正確。

2.Thefunctionalviewnotonlyseeslanguageasalinguisticsystembut

alsoameansforrememberingthings.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查功能主義語言觀。功能主義語言理論也叫語言交

際理論，它認為語言是表達功能意義的工具。功能主義理論不僅把語言

看作語言系統(tǒng)，同時把語言看成是做事的方式。因此該表述有誤。

3.Communicativecompetenceincludesknowledgeofwhattosay,

when,how,where,andtowhom.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查交際能力的含義。交際能力既包括語言知識能

力，也包括如何在交際環(huán)境中恰當?shù)厥褂谜Z言的能力。說話者不僅要知

道語言的功能意義，還要知道語言使用的社會情境。因此該表述正確。

4.CommunicativeLanguageTeachingis,infact,afurtherdevelopment

oftask-basedLanguageTeaching.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查任務型教學和交際法教學的關系。任務型教學法

是交際法的一種新的形態(tài)，是交際法的發(fā)展，它和交際法都以實際生活

中的語言使用為中心，但強調將語言形式教學和交際教學結合起來。因

此該表述有誤。

5.APPPcycleleadsfromaccuracytofluency;aTBLcycleleadsfrom

fluencytoaccuracy(combinedwithfluency).

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查3P教學模式和任務型教學法的差異。3P模式注重

語言的形式，有利于實現(xiàn)語言使用的準確性，但其最終目的是由準確到

流暢；而任務型教學法的主要目標是提高學生的交際能力，因此更關注

語言使用的流暢性，因此其最終目的是由流暢到準確。因此該表述正

確。

6.Teachingobjectivesshouldfocusontheteachers’performancerather

thanthelearners’.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查教學目標的核心。教學目標指的是教師應明確在

課堂結束后學生應具備的能力，教學目標應側重學習者的表現(xiàn)。因此該

表述有誤。

7.Todevelopstudents’communicativecompetencemeanstodevelop

theirlinguisticcompetence,pragmaticcompetence,discoursecompetence,

strategiccompetence,andaccuracy.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查交際能力的組成部分。交際能力包括語言能力、

語用能力、語篇能力、策略能力以及流利程度。題干中的準確度不是其

組成部分。因此該表述有誤。

8.TheFive-stepTeachingMethodincludessuchstepsasRevision,

Presentation,Practice,ProductionandConsolidation.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查五步教學模式的內容。五步教學模式包括熱身；

介紹；訓練；鞏固；總結和作業(yè)。因此該表述有誤。

9.Theimpactofmoraleducationcanbeenhancedbyadaptingawhole

schoolapproachtomorality.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查語言教學中德育的發(fā)展。德育的成效可以通過采

用一整套學校教育方法來強化。學校社區(qū)的所有成員（教師、學生、管

理員、家長等）都應致力于學校的道德建設，并對道德觀念有著相同的

理解。題干中“通過改編”的表述不準確。因此該表述有誤。

10.Oneofthepossibleassessmentpurposesistodiscoverlearners’

weaknesses.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查教學評價的目的。英語教學中的評價旨在探索學

生在學習的某個階段所學的知識和能力。管理者、教師、家長和學生出

于各自的理由都需要評價。因此該表述正確。

11.Itisassumedthatspeechvariesindifferentsocialcircumstancesand

thattherearespeechvarietieswithinaspeechcommunity.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語言變體的含義。語言變體指由具備相同社會特

征的人在相同的社會環(huán)境中所普遍使用的某種語言表現(xiàn)形式。語言變體

廣泛存在，即使在同一個言語社區(qū)也存在語言變體。因此該表述正確。

12.Languageandsocietyareinmanywayscloselylinked,eitherin

educationorinsocialscience.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語言和社會的關系。語言和社會緊密相連，語言

產生于社會，并隨著社會的發(fā)展而發(fā)展，是對社會的反映。因此該表述

正確。

13.Stern(1999)thinksthatlanguageteachinghasinteractedforalong

timewithlinguisticsandwithpsychology,andthatsocialscienceand

languageteachinghaveonlyrecentlycomeintocontactwitheachother.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查斯特恩的語言教學觀。斯特恩曾指出結構主義語

言學、喬姆斯基語言學和新弗斯學派為對教學法影響最大的學派。新弗

斯學派主要指韓禮德的系統(tǒng)功能語言學，其中包含對語言和社會的探

討，故對語言教學和社會科學的關系的討論并非最近興起。因此該表述

有誤。

14.Languageteachingcanbedefinedastheactivitieswhichare

intendedtobringaboutlanguagelearning.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語言教學的含義。語言教學可以被定義為能夠激

發(fā)語言學習的活動。因此該表述正確。

15.Controlledactivitiesmainlyfocusonformandaccuracy.Teachers

don’thavetoconsidermeaningwhendesigningthem.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查口語教學中的可控制活動?？煽刂苹顒又匾曊Z言

的形式和準確性。使學生關注語言的某些結構或功能，以便他們能夠準

確地說出語言。但是可控制活動要求教師在設計過程中采用有意義的方

式。因此該表述有誤。

16.Thesuccessofrole-playsareaffectedbythefollowingfactors:the

teacher’senthusiasm;carefulinstructions;clearsituationsandroles.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查影響角色扮演活動成功的因素。角色扮演的成功

受到以下因素的影響:老師的熱情;細心的指導;明確的情況和角色；以及

確保學生掌握了角色扮演中所需用的語言知識。因此該表述不全面。

17.Readingaloudwithoutcomprehensioncanbeverydifficultandit

caneasilydestroystudents’self-confidence.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查朗讀的意義。朗讀有其自身的優(yōu)勢，但若朗讀過

程中不加理解，學生的閱讀過程將會十分困難，并容易打擊學生閱讀的

自信心。因此該表述正確。

18.Forsilentreading,weneedeffectivestrategiessuchasskimming,

scanning,predicting.etc.tohelpusextractinformationefficiently.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查有效默讀的策略。要想實現(xiàn)有效的默讀，學會要

采取一些閱讀策略，例如略讀，掃讀和預測來高效提取信息。因此該表

述正確。

19.Assessmentispartoftesting,butitisonlyonemeansofgathering

informationaboutastudent.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查評價和測試的差異。測試通常是“筆紙”形式，通

常發(fā)生在一個學習階段末尾，如單元測試、期中測試和期末測試等。評

價包括收集一段時間內學生學習進步的信息或證據(jù)，從而改進教學。評

價比測試更重要。因此該表述有誤。

20.Summativeassessmentismainlybasedontesting.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查終結性評價的參考依據(jù)。終結性評價主要以測試

為基礎，大部分在每學年的學期末進行。因此該表述正確。

PartⅢQuestionanswering(30points,5pointsforeach)

Directions:Answereachofthefollowing6questions.Youranswersare

suggestedtoshowthebasicprinciplesorconnotationscontainedinthe

questions.

1.Howistask-basedLanguageTeachingdifferentfromCommunicative

LanguageTeaching?

【答案】Task-basedLanguageTeachingisarecentlydeveloped

approachinlinewithCommunicativeLanguageTeaching.Itstressesholistic

andrealisticinputandoutputandthefocusisonthestudents’learning,rather

thanonasetofdiscretelanguageknowledge,andthetaskscancontributeto

whole-persondevelopment—notjustlinguisticdevelopment.InTBLT,itis

importanttohaveabalancebetweenthefocusonholisticcommunicationand

thefocusonform(i.e.individuallanguagepoints).Besides,inTBLT,the

taskplaysanimportantroleinpromotingthelearningprocess.Ataskisa

pieceofworkundertakenforoneselforforothers,freelyorforsomereward,

ataskcanholddifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeople.Therearefour

componentsofatask,thatis,purpose,context,processandproduct,thusin

task-basedlanguageteaching,studentsaregiventheopportunitiestouse

languageinrealtaskswhichisusefulforthemtoknowhowtousethetarget

languageappropriatelyandproperlyinreallife.

【答題思路】首先明確表明兩種教學法的關系：任務型教學是對交

際法教學的進一步發(fā)展，二者在本質上都是一樣的，但二者教學過程中

的側重點存在差異，從這個角度分析即可。

2.WhatarethedifferencesbetweenaweakversionofCommunicative

LanguageTeachingandstrongversionofCommunicativeLanguage

Teaching?AndhowshouldweapplytheminEnglishteaching?

【答案】HowattproposesaweakandastrongversionofCLT.Withthe

weakversion,learnersfirstacquirelanguageasastructuralsystemandthen

learnhowtouseitincommunication.ThestrongversionofCLTclaimsthat

“l(fā)anguageisacquiredthroughcommunication’.Thismeansthatlearners

discoverthestructuralsystemintheprocessoflearninghowtocommunicate.

Inotherwords,theweakversionregardsovertteachingoflanguageforms

andfunctionsasnecessarymeansforhelpinglearnerstodeveloptheability

tousethemforcommunicationwhereasthestrongversionregards

experiencesofusingthelanguageasthemainmeansornecessaryconditions

forlearningalanguageastheyprovidetheexperienceforlearnerstoseehow

languageisusedincommunication.Thus,inEnglishteaching,weshould

makeabalancebetweenstrongandweakversionofcommunicativelanguage

teaching,thatis,intheinitialstage,weshouldmakethebestuseofweak

communicativelanguageteachingtomakesurethelearnersgetcommandof

thebasiclinguisticlanguageandinthedevelopmentstage,itisusefulto

adoptthestrongversionsothatthelearnerscanbemorecompetentin

languagelearning.

【答題思路】首先分別分析交際法教學中的強弱兩種版本的含義，

然后結合二者的差異合理平衡使用已達到最佳的教學效果。

3.Whatcomponentsdoesalanguagelessonplanusuallyhave?Howto

usetheminlanguageteaching?

【答案】

(1)Alanguagelessonplanisaframeworkofalessoninwhichteachers

makeadvancerdecisionsaboutwhattheyhopetoachieveandhowthey

wouldliketoachieveit.Properlessonplanningisessentialforboth

novice/beginnerandexperiencedteachers.Thereareeightcomponentsofa

lessonplan,namely,backgroundinformation,teachingaims,language

contentsandskills,stagesandprocedures,teachingaids,endoflesson

summary,optionalactivitiesandassignmentsandafterlessonreflection.

(2)Inordertomakegooduseofthesecomponents,theteachersare

requiredtohaveaclearunderstandingofthemeaningsofthesecomponents

first.Forexample,theteachingaimsmeanthattheteachermustknowwhat

hisorherstudentsareabletoachievebytheendofthelessonsoteaching

objectivesshouldfocusonthelearnersperformance.Ontheotherhand,the

teachershouldusethesecomponentsflexibly,whichmeansthatheorshe

doesn’thavetoincludeallthesecomponentsinonelessonandshoulduse

themaccordingtotheconcreteteachingcontexts.

【答題思路】首先解釋課程計劃的含義以及具體的組成部分，然后

提出合理利用這些組成部分的要求和建議。

2016年溫州大學904英語教學法考

研真題及詳解

PartⅠNotionExplaining(20points,2pointsforeach)

Directions:Explainthefollowingtennotions.

1.field-dependence(acognitivestyle)

【答案】Fielddependenceisonetypeofcognitivestylesandfield-

dependenceindividualshavedifficultyinseparatingincominginformation

fromitscontextualsurroundingsandaremorelikelytobeinfluencedby

externalcuesandtobenon-selectiveintheirinformationuptake.

2.secondlanguage

【答案】Asecondlanguageisalanguagethatislearnedinadditiontoa

person’smothertongue,orfirstlanguage.“Second”canrefertoanylanguage

thatislearnedsubsequenttothemothertongue,thusitcanalsorefertothe

learningofathirdorfourthlanguage.Secondlanguagemaybeacquiredby

absorptionbecauseitisspokeninthehome,oractivelypursuedbytaking

courses.Themorethesecondlanguagediffersfromaperson’smothertongue

intermsofalphabetandgrammar,themoredifficultitwillbetolearn.

3.foreignlanguage

【答案】Aforeignlanguageisalanguageindigenoustoanothercountry.

Itisalsoalanguagenotspokeninthenativecountryofthepersonreferred

to.Foreignlanguageisalittledifferentfromsecondlanguage.Asecond

languagemeansitisthesecondlanguageusedinthesamecountryandithas

anofficiallanguageandasecondone,whileforeignlanguagemeansitis

taughtasalanguagenotusedastheofficiallanguagebysomemembers

withinthecountry.

4.thesixdesigningprinciplesfortheNationalEnglishCurriculum

【答案】

①Aimforeducatingallstudents,andemphasizequality-oriented

education.

②Promotelearner-centeredness,andrespectindividualdifferences.

③Developcompetence-basedobjectives,andallowflexibilityand

adaptability.

④Paycloseattentiontothelearningprocess,andadvocateexperiential

learningandparticipation.

⑤Attachparticularimportancetoformativeassessment,andgive

specialattentiontothedevelopmentofcompetence.

⑥Optimizelearningresources,andmaximizeopportunitiesforlearning

andusingthelanguage.

5.lessonplan

【答案】Alessonplanisaframeworkofalessoninwhichteachers

makeadvancedecisionsaboutwhattheyhopetoachieveandhowthey

wouldliketoachieveit.Lessonplanningmeansmakingdecisionsinadvance

aboutwhattechniques,activitiesandmaterialswillbeusedintheclass.

6.theinductivemethod(ingrammarteaching)

【答案】Theinductivemethodingrammarteachingmeansthatthe

teacherprovideslearnerswithauthenticlanguagedataandinducesthe

learnerstorealizegrammarruleswithoutanyformofexplicitexplanation.

7.introversion

【答案】Introversionisthestateofbeingpredominantlyinterestedin

one’sownmentalself.Introvertsaretypicallyperceivedasmorereservedor

reflective.Introvertsarecharacterizedaspeoplewhoseenergytendsto

expandthroughreflectionanddwindleduringinteraction.Introvertsoften

takepleasureinsolitaryactivities

8.extroversion

【答案】Extraversionisthestateofprimarilyobtaininggratification

fromoutsideoneself.Extravertstendtoenjoyhumaninteractionsandtobe

enthusiastic,talkative,assertive,andgregarious.Extravertsareenergizedand

thriveoffbeingaroundotherpeople.Theytakepleasureinactivitiesthat

involvelargesocialgatherings.

9.receptivevocabulary

【答案】Receptivevocabulary,alsocalledpassivevocabulary,refersto

wordsthatoneisabletorecognizeandcomprehendinreadingorlistening

butunabletouseautomaticallyinspeakingorwriting.

10.productivevocabulary

【答案】Productivevocabulary,alsocalledactivevocabulary,refersto

wordsthatoneisnotonlyabletorecognizebutalsoabletouseinspeechand

writingareconsideredasone’sproductive/activevocabulary.

PartⅡStatementJudging(20points,1pointforeach)

Directions:Readthefollowing20statements,anddecidewhichoneof

themistrueorfalse.Ifthestatementistrue,putTinthebrackettotheright

ofthesentence;iffalse,putFinthebracket.

1.Theanswertothequestion“Whatislanguage”isthebasisfor

syllabusdesign,teachingmethodology,teachingandassessmentprocedures

intheclassroom.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語言觀的重要性。語言觀是教學大綱設計，教學

法，教學和評估程序的基礎。因此該表述正確。

2.Differentviewsgeneratethesameteachingmethodologies.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查語言觀對教學法的影響。不同的語言觀會產生不

同的教學法。因此該表述有誤。

3.Theprimaryphaseisdesignedintotwolevels.Level1coversGrade3

andGrade4,Level2coversGrade7andGrade8.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查小學課程設置的兩個層級。第一層級包括三、四

年級，第二層級包括五、六年級。因此該表述有誤。

4.RobertsonandAcklam(ibid)proposethreeadditionalelementsfora

goodlesson.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查課程計劃的相關知識。Robertson和Acklam提出了

一門卡的課程的另外三個因素，即“engage”“study”和“activate”。因此該

表述正確。

5.AccordingtoRobertsonandAcklam(ibid),thethreeadditional

elementsforagoodlessonareE.S.A.‘E’standsforengage,‘S’standsfor

students,and‘A’standsforactivate.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查課程計劃的相關知識。由上題可知，“S”代

表“study”。因此該表述有誤。

6.Disciplineinthelanguageclassroomreferstoacodeofconduct

whichseparatesateacherandagroupofstudentssothatlearningcanbe

moreeffective.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查紀律的含義。紀律指的是一種行為準則，它將教

師和學生緊密聯(lián)系在一起，以提高學習的有效性，而不是將教師與學生

分離開來。因此該表述有誤。

7.Displayquestionsarethosethattheanswersarealreadyknowntothe

teacher.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查課堂提問中的展示性問題。展示性問題是指那些

老師知道答案，用來檢驗學生是否也知道答案的問題。因此該表述正

確。

8.Displayquestionsareusedforcheckingifstudentsknowtheanswers.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查課堂提問中的展示性問題。展示性問題的目的在

于檢驗學生是否知道正確答案。因此該表述正確。

9.Genuinequestionsarequestionswhichareusedtofindoutdated

information.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查課堂提問中的真實性問題。真實性問題用于探索

新的信息，更加注重交流，而不是發(fā)現(xiàn)舊信息。因此該表述有誤。

10.Sincegenuinequestionsoftenreflectrealcontexts,theyaretherefore

lesscommunicative.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查課堂提問中的真實性問題。真實性問題用于探索

新的信息，更加注重交流。因此該表述有誤。

11.Amistakereferstoacompetenceerrorthatiseitherarandomguess

or‘aslipoftongue’.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查“mistake”的含義。“mistake”著重指由于理解、認

識或判斷上的不正確而造成行動或看法上的錯誤。它與語言能力沒有關

系。這種錯誤是可以自己糾正的。題干將其視為與語言能力有關。因此

該表述有誤。

12.Amistakeisafailureperformancetoaknownsystem.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查“mistake”的含義。由上題解析可知，該表述正

確。

13.Amistakehasnothingtodowiththelanguagecompetence,buta

resultfromatemporarybreakdown.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查“mistake”的含義。由第12題解析可知，該表述正

確。

14.Whenamistakeischallengedorgivenenoughattention,itcannotbe

self-corrected.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查“mistake”的含義。由第12題解析可知，該表述有

誤。

15.Anerrorhasindirectrelationwiththelearners’language

competence.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查“error”的含義?！癳rror”表示由于缺乏目標語的語言

知識所犯的錯誤，這樣的錯誤自己無法糾正，與語言能力有直接的聯(lián)

系。因此該表述有誤。

16.Errorsdonotresultfromcarelessnessnorhesitation,butlackof

knowledgeinthetargetlanguage.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查“error”的含義。根據(jù)上題解析可知，該表述正

確。

17.Languageerrorscanbeself-correctednomatterhowmuchattention

isgiven.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查“error”的含義。根據(jù)第15題解析可知，該表述有

誤。

18.Phoneticrulesregardingwhatsoundsaletteroraclusterofletters

shouldbepronouncedshouldbeavoidedintroducingatthebeginningstage,

especiallyforyounglearners.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語音教學的要求。發(fā)音規(guī)則對語音教學十分有

益，但應在合適的階段進行教學，尤其是要避免年齡較小的學習者。因

此該表述正確。

19.Stressandintonationshouldbetaughtattheverybeginning.

【答案】T

【解析】本題考查語音教學的要求。重音和語調應在語音教學的最

開始階段就開始進行。因此該表述正確。

20.Stressandintonationarenotasimportantasthesoundsthemselves.

【答案】F

【解析】本題考查語音教學的要求。重音和語調在語音教學中跟發(fā)

音本身一樣重要。因此該表述有誤。

PartⅢQuestionAnswering(30points,5pointsforeach)

Directions:Answereachofthefollowing6questions.Youranswersare

suggestedtoshowthebasicprinciplesorconnotationscontainedinthe

questions.

1.WhydoesStern,theauthorofthebookFundamentalConceptsof

LanguageTeachingthinkthatweregardtheuseoftheterm‘language

acquisition’asofnotheoreticalsignificanceandtreatitaspurelystylistic

alternativeto‘languagelearning’?

【答案】BecauseSternthinksthat“l(fā)anguageacquisition”equalswith

languagelearning.Sternusespsychologicalapproachtoviewinglanguage

learning.Hesaidthatourthinkingonlearningisinevitablyinfluencedbythe

psychologicalknowledgethatispartofthecommonunderstandingofhuman

behaviourinourculture.Nodoubt,suchpsychologicaltermsas

‘remembering’,‘forgetting’,‘skill’,‘motivation’,‘frustration’,‘inhibitions’

andsoonwillformpartofourlanguagelearning.Inthisbook,theauthor

wasalwaysmentioninglanguagelearningandhadnevermentioned

“l(fā)anguageacquisition”.Hethinksalllanguagelearningisconsciousandgoes

throughsuchprocessesasremembering,forgetting,skill,motivationandso

on.

2.Whatarethefivecomponentsofcommunicativecompetence

discussedbyHedge?Writetheimplicationsofeachofthesecomponentsfor

languageteaching.

【答案】

(1)Thefivecomponentsofcommunicativecompetencediscussedby

Hedgeincludelinguisticcompetence,pragmaticcompetence,discourse

competence,strategiccompetence,andfluency.

(2)Teachingimplications:①Linguisticcompetenceisconcernedwith

knowledgeofthelanguageitself,itsformandmeaning,thusinlanguage

teaching,thebasislanguageknowledgeshouldbepaidenoughattention.

②Pragmaticcompetencereferstotheappropriateuseofthelanguagein

socialcontextandthisgivestheimplicationforteachingthatteachersshould

stressthecontextualuseandfunctionsofthelanguageinteachingby

designingvariouscommunicativeandauthenticactivitiesinclassroom.

③Discoursecompetencereferstoone’sabilitytocreatecoherentwrittentext

orconversationandtheabilitytounderstandthem,whichimplicatesthatin

languageteachingitisimportanttoencouragestudentstousethetarget

languageinasmoothwayandtopracticewritingintargetlanguage.

④Strategiccompetencereferstostrategiesoneemployswhenthereis

communicationbreakdownduetolackofresources.Thusinteachingsome

communicationstrategiesliketopic-selecting,turn-taking,correctingandso

onshouldbetaughtandlearnedthroughclassroomactivities.⑤Fluency

meansone’sabilityto‘linkunitsofspeechtogetherwithfacilityandwithout

strainorinappropriateslownessorunduehesitation’.Thatmeansinclass

teachersshouldencouragethestudentstousethetargetlanguageto

communicatetodeveloptheirfluencyandbetoleranttotheirerrorsonone

hand.Ontheotherhand,theyshouldtakeappropriatewaystocorrectsoasto

achieveaccuracy.

3.AccordingtoProf.WangQiang,inwhatwaysareEnglishteachers

whoarefacedwiththenewcurriculumexpectedtochange?

【答案】

(1)Haveanopenmindtowardsdifferentkindsofideasaboutand

approachestoteaching;

(2)Bewillingtotryoutnewideasandfindoutiftheyworkornot.If

not,whynot.Bepreparedtosharewithcolleaguesyourdifficultiesor

successes;

(3)Trytofindopportunitiestoattendtraining,seminarsonlanguage

teachingandobservationsofteaching.Youcanalwayslearnalotfrom

others;

(4)Usetheresourcesavailabletohelpyouwithteachingandself-

learning;

(5)Reflectonyourownteachingandbeliefsaboutteaching.Ifatall

possible,keepateachingdiarytorecordthequestionsthatarisefromyour

teachingandyourownunderstandingsaboutteaching.Youwillfindthese

notessubconsciouslyfocusingyourattentiononsolvingproblemsonaday-

to-daybasisandyouwillfindyourselfchangingintheprocessofteaching

andreflecting.

4.Bloom’staxonomyclassifiesthequestiontypesintosix.Whatarethe

sixquestiontypes?Whatisthesignificanceifeachofthemisusedina

languageclassroom?

【答案】

(1)Thesixquestiontypes:①Knowledge:recallingfacts,terms,and

basicconcepts;②Comprehension:understandingoffactsandideasby

organizing,comparing,translating,interpreting,describing,andstatingthe

mainideas;③Application:applyingacquiredknowledge,facts,techniques

andrulesinadifferentcontext;④Analysis:identifyingrelationships,causes

ormotives,andfindingevidencetosupportmainideas;⑤Synthesis:

combiningelementsinadifferentwayandproposingalternativesolutions,

creativethinking;⑥Evaluation:presentanddefendopinionsbymakingan

informedjudgementaboutinformationorideasbasedonasetofcriteria.

(2)Thesignificance:①Studentsareabletoexpandtheirknowledge

points;②Students’comprehendingabilitycanbeimproved;③Makingthe

learningmoreempirical;④Improvingtheanalyticalabilityofstudents;

⑤Helpingstudentsdeveloptheirdialecticalthinking;⑥Helpingteachersto

getfeedbackfromthestudentsandmakingassessment.

5.Thedeductivemethodreliesonreasoning,analyzing,andcomparing.

Teacherswouldliketousethemethodtoteachgrammar.Whatweaknesses

andmeritsdoesthemethodhave?

【答案】

(1)Weaknesses:itteachesgrammarinanisolatedway;littleattentionis

paidtomeaning;practiceisoftenmechanical.

(2)Merits:First,itcouldbeverysuccessfulwithselectedandmotivated

students.Second,itcouldsavetimewhenstudentsareconfrontedwitha

grammarrulewhichiscomplexbutwhichhastobelearned.Third,itmay

helpincreasestudents’confidenceinthoseexaminationswhicharewritten

withaccuracyasthemaincriterionofsuccess.

6.Shouldtheteacheruseamultiple-choicecomprehensionquestionin

thepost-listeningactivity?Whyorwhynot?

【答案】No,theteachershouldnotusemultiple-choicecomprehension

questionsinthepost-listeningactivity.Themultiple-choicecomprehension

questionisthemosttypicaltypeofpost-listeningtaskintraditionallistening

classandthistypeoftaskmaypreparestudentstotakemultiple-choicetests,

itdoeslittletohelpthemdevelopgoodlisteninghabitsandstrategies.Thus

theteach