高中英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)精析精練 猜測(cè)詞義（閱讀理解）

命題點(diǎn)4猜測(cè)詞義

本類考題解答錦囊

英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)是它龐大的詞匯數(shù)量。即使一個(gè)擁有上萬(wàn)單詞量的人在閱讀英語(yǔ)讀物中也難免會(huì)遇到生詞。如果每

遇到生詞，就查閱詞典，不但會(huì)降低閱讀速度，而且往往使閱讀變得索然無(wú)味。據(jù)調(diào)杳，影響人們閱讀理解的，首先是詞匯。

因此學(xué)習(xí)并掌握一些猜測(cè)生詞詞義的方法，對(duì)排除閱讀時(shí)某些生詞的干擾，降低生詞率是十分必要的。

任何一個(gè)買詞，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一個(gè)確定的詞義。NMET閱讀理解中猜測(cè)詞義的考查內(nèi)容既可以是文中

的生詞，也可以是熟詞新義、短語(yǔ)或句子。但都要求考生根據(jù)I:下文線索(即具體語(yǔ)境)作出推斷。此類題的提問(wèn)形式一般有：

1.Whichofthefollowingisnearest/closestinmeaningto"…”？

2.Theunderlinedword,means______.

3.Theunderlinedphrase,means.

4.Theunderlinedsentence,means.

利用上下文的提示猜測(cè)詞義的方法有如卜幾種：

1.根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測(cè)詞義

【例題】

(1)Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.

根據(jù)定義，calendar的意思是日歷.。

(2)Abiographyisthestoryofaperson'slifewrittenbysomeoneelse根據(jù)定義，biography的意思是凡別人寫(xiě)

的生平叫做傳記。

(3)SomewritersarenolongerwritingaboutthemodernvaluesoftheUSA-money,Successorexpensivethings

tobuy.

2.破折號(hào)后而的內(nèi)容是對(duì)value一詞的具體解釋。

【例題】

(l)Herepliedquickly.Butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahasty

decision.根據(jù)恥卜,文學(xué)語(yǔ)境意義,可悟出quickly與hasty同義。

(2)Althoughpeopleinmanycountriesconsiderrawmeatadelicacy(美味)，weChinesepeopleseldomeatanymeat

thatisuncooked.根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境意義得知rawmeat即是meatthatisuncooked.Raw與uncooked表示相同意思生

的，未煮過(guò)的。

(3)-1thinkwearebeingwatched.

一Really?Whatmakesyouthinkweareundersurveillance?根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，可判斷出beingwatched-15under

surveillance是同義關(guān)系。

(4)Duringtheconcert,thechildrenwerequietbutafterwards,theybecameboiaterous.

but表示轉(zhuǎn)折意思，因此bomterous是quiet的反義詞，意思為吵吵嚷嚷的。

(5)Unlikehergregarioussister,Janeisashyperson,whodoesnotliketogotoparties,ortomakenewfriends,

unlike是關(guān)鍵詞，它表示Jane與她的姐姐完全不同。根據(jù)后面對(duì)Jane的描述“…ashyperson,...notliketogoparties

ortomakenewfroends),可得知gregarious的意思是好交際的。

3.根據(jù)舉例

【例題】

(l)Scientistsarestudyinghowbirdssuchternsmigrate.

根據(jù)舉例法(suchas),得知terns是一種鳥(niǎo)。

(2)Todayyoungcoupleswhoarejuststartingtheirhouseholdsoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances?for

example,washing-machines,fridgesandcolorTVs.

根據(jù)舉例法(forexample),得知appliances是指washing-machines,fridgesandcolorTVs這類家用電器。

(3)Severalothergases,suchasargon,comprisetheremainingonepercentofthevo1umeofdryair.

SUChas提示argon為某種氣體。

4.根據(jù)因果關(guān)系。

【例題】

（l）Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.

because之前的分句表示結(jié)果，之后的分句表示原因，可推理，她沒(méi)有聽(tīng)見(jiàn)的原因是她完全被閱讀吸引住了或她正全神

貫注地看書(shū)。因此engrossed的意思是被吸引的，全神貫注的。

（2）ThenoisewassofaintthatitwasimpossibletobesurewhatitwasorevenwhereitcamefronL

So...that...,結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的句子也表示因果關(guān)系。因此可判斷出faint在此句中的意思是微弱的。聲音太弱，以致不

能確認(rèn)是什么聲音或是從哪里發(fā)出的。

（3）ThiSkindofflowerthrivesinthisareabecausetheweatheriswarm,theSoilisexcellent,andthereiS

alotofrain。

because一詞決定了flower與warmweather,excellentsOil,alOtOfrain之間是因果關(guān)系。

因此thdves的意思是茂盛成長(zhǎng)。

5.根據(jù)句意或上下文語(yǔ)境

例1Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisallwet.Idon'tliketobewiththethem.

A.drunkB.sweatingC.happyD.mistaken

【解析】根據(jù)第二句我不喜歡跟他在一起，可推斷出，如果他認(rèn)為他能約我出去，那他就錯(cuò)了。這兩句話實(shí)際上暗含因

果關(guān)系。

【答案】D

例2Attheageof77,Johnwassti11playingaskillfulgameoftennis,ranfourmi1eseveryddayandseldom

missedhisdailyswim.Foramanofhisagehewasextremelyrobust.

Accordingtotheshortpassage,theword“robust"，probablymeans_.

AcstrangeB.weakC.strongninteresting

【答案】C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境的意思，一個(gè)77歲的人還能如此運(yùn)動(dòng)，可以說(shuō)是身體不錯(cuò)，因此可以推斷robust是strong

強(qiáng)壯的意思。

由此可見(jiàn)猜測(cè)詞義離不開(kāi)上下文、離不開(kāi)具體語(yǔ)境。

I高考最新熱門題

1.（典型例題，E卷）

T-shirtsout;uniformsin

SchooluniformsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularacrosstheU.S.A.That,snosurprise,becausethey

offermanybenefits.Theyimmediatelyendthepowerfulsocialsortingandlabeling（標(biāo)記）thatcomefromclothing.

Ifal1studentsaredressedinthesameway,theywillnotpaytoomuchattentiontotheirclothing,andsome

ofthemwillnotbelaughedatforwearingthe"wrong'clothes.

Somepeopleareagainstthestrictruleofschooluniforms,buttheydonotrealizethatstudentsalready

acceptakindofrule-wantingtolookjustliketheirfriends.Thedifferenceisthattheclothingstudents

chooseforthemselvescreatessocialbarriers;schooluniformstearthosebarriersdown.

Asinotherplaces,uniformsremindthewearersoftheirpurposeandduties.Forexample,whenamanor

womanputsonapoliceuniform,heorshebecomes,foratime,thesymbol（象征）oftawandorder.Theuniform

meanstothewearerhisorherspecialdutiesandsendsthesamemessagetoeveryonethewearermeets.People

withdifferentjobswearuniformsofonekindoranother.Forstudents,theschooluniformremindsthemthat

theirtaskforthesixorsevenhourstheyareinschoolistogetaneducation.

Someparentsareunhappyaboutuniforms,sayingthatschooluniformswillaffecttheirchildren's"

creativity7".First,asnotedabove,theclothesstudentschoosetoweardonotnecessarilyexpresstheir

individuality（個(gè)性）.Theyjustcopytheirclassmates.Second,studentshavetherestofthedaytobeascreative

asthey1ike.Whi1ethey*reinschool,theirjobistomasterreading,writing,andmath;thisshouldtakeup

allthecreativitytheyhave.MasteryofthoseskiIlswillbegoodforthestudentstobuiIduptheircreativity

ineveryway.

1.InParagraph1,theword“benefits〃probablymeans.

A.tasksB.messages

C.differencesD.advantages

2.Fromthepassagewelearnthatuniformsingeneral.

A.preventthewearersfrombeinglaughedat

B.helpthewearerskeeptheirdutiesinmind

C.areseenasasymbolofpower

D.helptocreatesocialbarriers

3.Somepeopleareagainstschooluniformsbecause.

A.theyfailtorealizethatstudentshaveacceptedtheuniforms

B.theybelievethatuniformswillmakestudentslesscreative

C.theydon*tagreethatuniformscanremovesocialbarriers

D.theythinkthatschooluniformsaretoopopular

4.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat

A.itmakesnodifferencewhethertowearschooluniformsornot

B.students'individualitymaynotcomefromschooleducation

C.students*creativityisrelatedto'theclothestheychoose

D.schooluniformshelptocreateequalityamongstudents

命題目的與解題技巧：本文有關(guān)題考查學(xué)生猜測(cè)詞義能力。做這類題的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文線索（即具體語(yǔ)境）作出推斷。

【解析】本文是一篇關(guān)于是否該穿校服的爭(zhēng)論的議論文。有人認(rèn)為校服會(huì)扼殺孩子的創(chuàng)造性，但很顯然作者是同意穿

校服的，認(rèn)為穿校服可以在學(xué)生中間培養(yǎng)公平意識(shí)。

【答案】1.D猜測(cè)詞義。從下文看，作者例數(shù)校服的諸多好處，顯然“benifits〃在此有“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處”之義。其他

三詞tasks（任務(wù)）,messages（信息）,differences（不同），意思相差甚遠(yuǎn)。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)推斷。從第三段第,句話aAsinOtherplaces,uniformsremindthewearersoftheirpurposeandduties”

可推知，制服（unifontt）幫助穿衣者時(shí)刻記住其職責(zé)。

3.B細(xì)節(jié)題。從最后一段第一句："Someparents...,sayin8thatschooluniformswillaffecttheir

children'screatiVity"可直接選出答案。

4.D主旨推斷題?？v覽全文，作者的觀點(diǎn)是認(rèn)為學(xué)生穿校服可以培養(yǎng)公平意識(shí)，對(duì)于創(chuàng)造性可以在其他時(shí)間和事件中培養(yǎng)。

Passage1（典型例題B）

Thesedaysagreenbui1dingmeansmorethanjustthecolorofthepaint.GreenbuiIdingcanalsoreferto

environmentallyfriendlyhouses,factories,andoffices.

Greenbuildingmeans/zreducingtheimpact（影響）ofthebuildingontheland"TarynHolowkaoftheU.SGreen

BuildingCouncilinWashington,D.C.said.

AccordingtoHolowka,buildingsaccountfor（占了）65percentoftotalU.$.electricityuse.

ButgreenbuiIdingscanreduceenergyandwateruse.Also,thebuiIdingsareoftenlocatednearpublic

transportationsuchasbusesandsubways,sothatpeoplecandrivetheircarsless.Thatcouldbegoodforthe

environment,becauseearsuselotsofgasandgiveoffpollution.Greenbuildingsareoftenbuiltondeveloped

land,sothatthebuildingsdon'tdestroyforests.

MartyDettlingistheprojectmanagerforabuildingthatputtheseideasintoaction.TheSolairehas

beencalledthecountry1sfirstgreenhigh-risebuilding.AccordingtoDettling,"We'vereducedourenergyuse

byone-thirdandourwaterby50percent.’

TheSolairecutsenergyinpartbyusingso]arpower.〃0nthelaceofthebuiIdingwehavesolarpanels

whichchangethesun*senergyintoelectricity,1Dettlingexplained.

TheSolairealsohaslightsthatautomaticallyturnoffwhenpeopleleavetheroom.Inaddition,thebuilding

haslotsofwindows,allowingpeopletousethesunforlightduringtheday.TheSolairecutswaterbyreusing

it.

Noteveryoneiseagertomoveintoagreenbuilding,however.Somepeoplethinkthatthingslikesolar

panelscostmoremoneythanmoretraditionalenergysources.Anyhow,Holowkasaid,"It'sgoingtobebig.〃1.

Inthesecondparagraph,theunderlinedwords"thebuilding“mostprobablyreferto_.

A.anordinarybuilding

B.an.energy-savingbuilding

C.agreen-coloredbuilding

D.abuildinginWashington,D.C.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：文章第?段第二句首先介紹了當(dāng)今的GreenbuiIding的概念是環(huán)保型的houses,factories和offices。

第二段第一句指出環(huán)保型建筑就是要減少thebuiIding所造成的（不良）影響。由此町判斷thebuiding為普通建筑。

2.Agreenbuildingisoftenbuiltonanareaofland.

A.whichhasthickforestsaround

13.whichhasalreadybeenusedforbuilding

C.wherepeopleofhighincomelive

I）,wheretravelingaroundbycarismostconvenient

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第?句可知。第四段講了greenbuiding對(duì)于環(huán)境等的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，A、C、D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容本段未提及。

3.WhenHolowkasaysinthelastparagraph,"It'sgoingtobe

big〃，shemeansthatgreenbuildings________.

A.willbemorecomfortable

B.willbecomepopularinthefuture

C.willbemoreenvironmentallyfriendly

D.willtaketheplaceoftraditionalbui1dings

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)前面兒段對(duì)于greenbuiding優(yōu)點(diǎn)的介紹，再根據(jù)最后一句中的anyhow所表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理，

可知答案。

4.Whatisthemainsubjectdiscussedinthetext?

A.DettlingdesignedthefirstgreenbuildingintheU.S.

B.Energyshortagecallsforbuildingsofnewdesign.

C.GreenbuiIdingshelpsaveenvironment.

I）.TheSolaireservesasamodelofhighbuiIdings.

答案：C指導(dǎo)：文章第一段介紹greenbuilding是環(huán)保型的，下面又分段分紹它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，最后一段介紹其前景，因此可判

斷C為正確答案。

Passage2（典型例題E）

Everyyearmorepeoplerecognizethatitiswrongtokillwildlifefor"sport”.Progressinthisdirection

isslowbecauseshootingisnotasportforwatching,andonlythosefewwhotakepartrealizethecrueltyand

destruction.

Thenumberofgunners,however,growsrapidly.Childrentooyoungtodevelopproperiudgmentsthrough

independ-entthoughtareledalongwayawaybytheirgunningparents.Theyaresubjectedtoadvertisements

ofgunproducerswhodescribeshootingasgoodfortheirhealthandguncarryingasawayofputtingredderblood

intheveins（血管）.Theyarepersnadedbygunnermagazineswithstorieshonoringthechaseandthekill.In

schooltheyviewmotionpictureswhicharesupposedlymeanttoteachthemhowtodealwitharmssafelybutwhich

areactual1ydesignedtostimulate（刺激）adesiretoownagun.

Wildlifeisdisappearingbecauseofshootingandbecauseofthelossofwildlandhabitat（Jfl~,、,J~）.Habitat

losswillcontin-uewithourincreasingpopulation,butcanweslowthelossofwildlifecausedbyshooting?

Theredoesn'tseemtobeanychanceiftheseriousconditionofourbirdsisnotimproved.

Wildlifebelongstoeveryoneandnottothegunnersalone.Althoughmostpeopledonotshoot,theyseem

toforgiveshootingforsportbecausetheyknowlittleornothingaboutit.Theonlyanswer,then,istobring

thetruthaboutsportshootingtothegreatmajorityofpeople.

Now,itistimetorealizethatanimalshavethesamerighttolifeaswedoandthatthereisnothing

fairorrightaboutapersonwithagunshootingtheharmlessandbeautifulcreatures.Thegunnersliketodescribe

whattheydoascharacter-building,butweknowthattowoundananimalandwatchitgothroughtheagonyof

dyingcanmakenobodyhappy.If,astheywouldhaveyoubelieve,gun-carryingandkillingimprovehumancharacter,

thenperhapsweshouldencouragewar.

1.Accordingtothetext,mostpeopledonotseemtobeagainsthuntingbecause________.

A.theyhavelittleknowledgeofit

B.ithelpstobuildhumancharacter

C.itistoocostlytostopkillingwildlife

D.theywanttokeepwildlifeundercontrol

答案：A指導(dǎo)：第四段第二句是解此題的關(guān)鍵句。

2.Theunderlinedword"agony〃inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.

A.formB.conditionC.painD.sadness

答案：C指導(dǎo)：通過(guò)畫(huà)線詞所在句子中的but所表達(dá)的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可推出該詞的含義。

3.Accordingtothetext,thefilmschildrenwatchatschoolactually.

A.teachthemhowtodealwithgunssafely

B.praisehuntingascharacter-building

C.describehuntingasanexercise

D.encouragethemtohavegunsoftheirown

答案：D指導(dǎo)：第二段最后?句是解本題的關(guān)鍵。

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorseemsto.

A.blamethemajorityofpeople

B.worryabout,theexistenceofwildlife

C.beinfavourofwar

1）.beinsupportofcharacter-bui1ding

答案：B指導(dǎo)：本文最后?段反映出作者反對(duì)持槍捕措，從而揭示作者對(duì)于野生動(dòng)物的生存的擔(dān)憂之情。

Passage3（典型例題）

Millionsofaircrafttakeoffaroundtheworldeveryyear.Theskiestheyflyinseemlimitless--miles

ofemptyspace.But,withthenumberofflightsincreasingeachyear,thisemptinessnolongerexists.Researchers

intheworldofaviation（航空）areworriedabouttheincreasingpressureonpilotsandgroundcontrollers.And

increasingcollisions,occurringatornearanairport,havecalledattentiontotheneedformoreaids（輔

助設(shè)備）toaviationcontrol.

Peoplewhotraveltheskiesarenotcertainaboutairsafety.Agreatdealofmoneyisspentonnewand

biggeraircraftandairportstodealwiththevastincreaseinpassengerstravellingbyair.Onlyasmallpercentage

ofthismoneyisspentonnavigation（導(dǎo)航）andotheraids.Actually,suitableelectronicequipmenthaslong

existed,andmanycompaniesmarketsafetyaidsdesignedtomakeitsaferforaircrafttotakeoff,flyanydistance,

any1and,whatevertheweather.Yet,therearetwoproblemstobesolved.Thefirstistogetgovernments,airlines

andairportofficialstoagreetobasic1evelsofsafetyaids.Thesecondproblemistofindawayofmeeting

thesebasicrequirements.

Butnomatterhowwelltheequipmentworks,operatorsoftheequipmentstillplayanimportantrole.

Communicationsbetweenpilotsandgroundcontrollersareextremelyimportanttoairsafety.Itisworthpointing

outthatthemishearingormisunderstandingofinstructionsinEnglish,andtheuseofanotherlanguage,inan

internationalconversation,haveledtotworecentaircraftaccidents.Anewtypeofinstrument（儀器）called

FIJGHTWATCHwou1dhelppilotspreventairportcol1isions.Itwouldbeparticularlyhelpfulnearairports.

1.Theincreasingnumberofflightsleadstothefactthat_______.

A.flyingisnolongerlimitedinthesky

B.thereisnoemptyspaceforaidstoaviationcontrol

C.pilotingandcontrollingplanesisgettingmoredifficult

D.thepressureonthegroundbecomesgreater

答案：C指導(dǎo)：第■段第三句話"Researchers]in...thepressureonpilotsandgroundcontrollers〃意思是世界航空

研究者們擔(dān)心飛行員和地面導(dǎo)航的日益增長(zhǎng)的壓力，正好與C項(xiàng)吻合。

2.Thereisuncertaintyaboutairsafetybecause.

A.planesbecomebiggerfortheincreasingnumberofpassengers

B.moneyspentonelectronicequipmentisfarfromenough

B.suitableelectronicequipmenthasn,tbeeninventedyet

D.itisdangerousforplanestotakeofforland

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第二段第?句話“Peoplewhotraveltheskiesarenotcertainaboutairsafet/T和最后三句話”Yet,

therearetwoproblemstobesolvedo...B為最佳選項(xiàng)。

3.Theunderlinedword^collisions^probablymeans

A.accidentsinwhichtwoplaneshiteachother

B.misunderstandingsbetweenpilotsandgroundcontrollers

C.quarrelsamongpassengers

D.breakdownsofnewtypesofinstrument

答案：A指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第?段第二句和第三句“￡機(jī)好像在幾公里這么寬的無(wú)限制空間中匕行”，“然而隨著飛機(jī)數(shù)量的增多，

這種無(wú)限的空間不存在了”。由于空間有限，所以撞機(jī)事件時(shí)有發(fā)生。

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.governmentsandofficialshavepaidgreatattentiontoairsafety

B.thereshouldbemorecompaniestosei1newsafetyaids

C.Englishshouldbeusedinaninternationalconversation

I）,understand]ngbetweenpilotsandgroundcontrollersshouldbeimproved

答案：D指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第三段第二句"Communicationsbetweenpilotsandgroundcontrollersareextremelyimportantto

airsafety”可知，D為最佳選項(xiàng)，句意為：飛行員和地面人員的交流對(duì)飛行安全是極為重要的。

Passage4（典型例題）

Grown-upsknowthatpeopleandobjectsaresolid.Atthemovies,weknowthatifwereachouttotouchTom

Cruise,al1wewi11feelisair.Butdoesababyhavethisunderstanding?

Toseewhetherbabiesknowobjectsaresolid,T.Bowerdesignedamethodforprojectinganopticali1lusion

（視覺(jué)影像）ofahangingball.Ilisplanwastofirstgivebabiesarealball,onetheycouldreachoutandtouch,

andthentoshowthemtheillusion.Iftheyknewthatobjectsaresolidandtheyreachedoutfortheillusion

andfoundemptyair,theycouldbeexpectedtoshowsurpriseintheirfacesandmovements.Allthe16-to-24-week-old

babiestestedweresurprisedwhentheyreachedfortheillusionandfoundthattheballwasnotthere.

Grown-upsalsohaveasenseofobjectpermanence.Weknowthatifweputaboxinaroomandlockthe

door,theboxwi11sti11betherewhenwecomeback.Butdoesababyrealizethatabal1thatrolIsunderachair

doesnotdisappearandgotonever-neverland?

ExperimentsdonebyBowersuggestthatbabiesdevelopasenseofobjectpermanencewhentheyareabout

18weeksold.Inhisexperiments,Bowerusedatoytrainthatwentbehindascreen.When16-week-oldand22-week-old

babieswatchedthetoytraindisappearbehindtheleftsideofthescreen,theylookedtotheright,expecting

ittoreappear.Iftheexperiment-ertookthetrainoffthetableandliftedthescreen,allthebabiesseemed

surprisednottoseethetrain.Thisseemstoshowthatallthebabieshadasenseofobjectpermanence.But

thesecondpartoftheexperimentshowedthatthiswasnotreallythecase.Theresearchersubstituted（替換）

aballforthetrainwhenitwentbehindthescreen.The22-week-oldbabiesseemedsurprisedandlookedback

totheleftsideforthetrain.Butthe16-week-oldbabiesdidnotseemtonoticetheswitch（更換）.Thus,the

16-week-oldbabiesseemedtohaveasenseof"somethingpermanencez/,whilethe22-week-oldbabieshadasense

ofobjectpermanencerelatedtoaparticularobject.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.babies*senseofsight

B.effectsofexperimentsonbabies

C.babies*understandingofobjects

D.differenttestsonbabies*feelings

答案：C指導(dǎo)：本文屬于說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明文的中心大多在第一段就給予介紹，本文也不例外，所以要想找出本文中心，重點(diǎn)

看文章第一段，尤其是文章第一段的最后?句。

2.InParagraph3,“objectpermanence，meansthatwhenoutof

sight,anobject_____,

A.stillexistsB.keepsitsshape

C.stillstayssolidD.isbeyondreach

答案：A指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)本句后的兩個(gè)句子判斷。

3.WhatdidBoweruseinhisexperiments?

A.Achair.B.Ascreen.C.Afilm.0.Abox.

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)最后段第二句可判斷。

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsis,true?

A.Thebabiesdidn'thaveasenseofdirection.

B.Theolderbabiespreferredtoytrainstoballs.

C.Theyoungerbabieslikedlookingformissingobjects.

1）.Thebabiescouldn'ttel1abal1fromitsopticali1lusion.

答案：【）指導(dǎo)：A項(xiàng)：這些嬰兒沒(méi)有方向感；B項(xiàng)：年長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的嬰兒更喜歡玩具火車，而不喜歡球；C項(xiàng)：年幼?點(diǎn)的嬰兒

喜歡尋找丟失的東西；D項(xiàng)：這些嬰兒不能辨別球和視覺(jué)影像。A、乙兩項(xiàng)文章未提；文章中所提及的實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康氖强磱雰菏?/p>

否有asenseofobjectpermanence（物體存在概念），并不是他們的愛(ài)好，因此B也要排除；文章第二段最后一句說(shuō)明了

用球做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，他們弄不清球和（球）所造成的視覺(jué)錯(cuò)覺(jué)影像。

Passage5（04,湖北C）

8:30PM

Outlook

Outlookisbackwithanewseriesofreportstokeepyouupdatewithallthat*snewintheworldofentertainment.

Storiesgoallthewayfromthetechnicaltotheromantic,fromstagetoscreen.Therewillbereportsofthe

starsofthemoment,thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.Thedirectorwithhisnewfilm,thedesigner

withthelatestfashion,andthemusicianwiththepopularsongarepartofthenewOutlook.Theprogramis

introducedbyFranLevine.

9:OOPM

Discovery

Whena10-year-oldboygetsafirstclassdegreeinmathematicsoran8-year-oldplayschesslikeafuturegrand

master,theyareconsideredasgeniuses.Wheredoesthequalityofgeniuscomefrom?Isital1inthegenes（基

H）orcananychildbeturnedin-toagenius?Andifparentsdohaveachildwhomightbecomeageniusinthe

future,whatshouldtheydo?Inthis30-minutefilm,BarryJohn-son,theprofessoratSchoolofMedicine,New

YorkUniversitywi11helpyoudiscovertheanswer.

10:OOPM

Seieaee/Heath

Isitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?Theansweris"yes”.Accordingtotheresearchersat

JohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.Afterastudyof800personswithhighbloodpressure,theyfound

thatafter6monthsthosedevotedtoweightloss-exerciseandeatingalow-salt,low-fatfoodlostabout13

poundsandbecamefitter.Plus,35%ofthemdroppedintothe^norma^category（范疇）.Thisweek,Dr.AlanDuckworth

willtellyouhowthesepeoplereducetheirbloodpressuretoalevelsimilartowhat'sachievedwithHypertension

drugs.

1.Themainpurposeofwritingthesethreetextsis.

A.toinvitepeopletoseefilms

B.toinvitepeopletotopicdiscussions

C.toattractmorestudentstoattendlectures

I）,toattractmorepeopletowatchTVprograms

答案：D指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)所給的時(shí)間和節(jié)目的名字可知，這是電視上所播的三個(gè)節(jié)目。

2.FromOutlook,youcangetagreatdealofinformationabout,.

A.storytellersB.famousstars

C.filmcompaniesD.musicfans

答案：B指導(dǎo)：從第一句話中可知。

3.Whowi11bemostprobablyinterestedinDiscovery?

A.ParentswhowanttosendtheirchiIdrentoaschoolofmedicine.

B.Childrenwhoaregoodatmathematics.

C.ParentswhowanttheirchildtobecomeanotherAlbertEinstein.

D.Childrenwhoareinterestedinplayingchess.

答案：C指導(dǎo)：從句中“Ifparentsdohaveachildwhomightbecomegeniusinthefuture,whatshouldtheydo?”

可知此答案。

4.InScience/Health,“JohnsHopkins*is.

A.afamousuniversityB.amedicalcenter

C.awell-knowndoctorD.adrugcompany

答案：B指導(dǎo)：從句中”...accordingtotheresarchersatJohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters〃可知

此答案。

5.Accordingtothethirdtext,whichofthefollowinghasalmostthesameeffectasHypertensiondrugs?

A.Exerciseplusahealthydiet.

B.Lossofthirteenpoundsinweight.

C.Sixmonthsofexercisewithoutdrugs.

D.Low-saltandlow-fatfood.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：從句中"Afterastudyof800persons。..，thosedevotedtoweightloss-exerciseandeatinga

low-salt...M可知答案。

n題點(diǎn)經(jīng)典類型題

1.（典型例題B）

SometimeagoIdiscoveredthatoneofmychairshadabrokenleg.Ididn'tthinktherewouldbeanydifficulty

ingettingitmended,asthereareawholelotofantique（古董）shopsnearmyhome.SoIlefthomeonemorning

carryingthechairwithme.Iwentintothefirstshopexpectingafriendlyreception（接待）.Iwasquitewrong.

Themanwouldn,tevenlookatmychair.

Thesecondshop,thoughslightlymorepolite,wasjustthesame,andthethirdandthefourth--soIdecided

thatmyapproachmustbewrong.

Ienteredthefifthshopwithaplaninmymind.Iplacedthechaironthefloorandsaidtotheshopkeeper,

“Wouldyouliketobuyachair?z，Helookeditovercarefullyandsaid,“Yes,notahadchair.Howmuchdoyou

wantforit,sir?*/*Twentypounds,〃Isaid,"OK,'hesaid.Tilgiveyoutwentypounds.'"It'sgotaslightly

brokenleg,,Isaid."Yes,Isawthat,it'snothing.

EverythingwasgoingaccordingtoplanandIwasgettingexcited."Whatwi11youdowithit?〃Iasked.

〃