高級口譯歷年真題及答案

2005年9月上海市高級口譯真題及答案

答案解析

【答案】

1.anintegralpart

2.withoutstudyingtheother

3.acceptmoreorfewerimmigrants

4.variedfromyeartoyear

5.lessthan2million

6.over5million

7.8.8million

8.restrictoflaws

9.afterWorldWarII

10.inthe1980s

11.thecompositionoftheimmigrantpopulation

12.95%ofallimmigrants

13.closeto50%

14.SouthernandEasternEurope

15.theproblemofadaptation

16.thecoreormainstreamculture

17.ismulticulturalism

18.butdonotmix

19.preservingtheirownflavororidentity

20.incorporateyoungimmigrants

Questions1—5

t原文】

W:So,Mr.Herd,youworkintheAmericanEmbassyinLondon.Isthatcorrect?

M:That'scorrect,yes.

W:Whatdoyoudothere?

M:I'manassistantculturalofficerthere.AndmyspecificresponsibilitiesarebringingthesmallnumberofAmericanspeakersovertotheUK.

totalktovariousaudienceshere.IalsoworkwiththepeoplewhoteachAmericanStudiesintheBritisheducationalsystematsecondaryleveland

university.

W:WhatdoyouthinkoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoflivingintheUSA?

M:Ithinkoneadvantageisperhapsacertaincasualness,andamorerelaxedattitudeintheUS.ThingsarenotquiteasformalaswhatI've

seenhereinEngland.Peopleareperhapsalittlemorespontaneousinjustgettingupanddoingthings,gettingupandgoingsomeplaceintheUS.

AdisadvantageisthatIthinkourfascinationwithbignessandwithnewnessleadsussometimestobewastefulofresources.Webuildverybigcars

thatusealotofgasoline.Webuildbigroadsandbigparkinglotstoparkthemin.AndIthinkwecouldbealittlemoreconsciousoftheresourcesthat

we'reusingwhenwearedoingthatsortofthing.

W:Whatdoyouthinkwillpresentthebiggestthreattoworldpeace?

M:Well,Iguessonewouldhavetosaythatthetremendousbuildupoftheweaponsofwarisamajorthreattoworldpeace.

W:Doyouthinkdoyouthinkwe'llhaveaworldwarbeforetheendofthefirstdecadeofthenewcentury?Isthatastrongpossibility?

M:Idon'tthinkso.No.IguessIcouldbecalledoptimistic.ButI,Ithinkthatpeoplethroughoutmostpartsoftheworldarejusttoomuch

awareofwhataworldwarwouldmean.AndIthinkourleadersarenowwiseenough.They,theyhavegoodenoughadvisors.Andtheygetenough

inputfrompublicopinion.SothatIthinkwecouldavoidwhateverfinalstepswouldleadustoaworldwar.SoIdon'tthinkitwillhappen.

【大意】這是一則對美國駐英國大使館外交官的采訪。內(nèi)容自然是由關(guān)于該外交官對美英文化差異的看法。同時，該外交官也簡單介紹了自己對世界和平趨勢的

看法。訪談內(nèi)容并不匏雜。難點主要表現(xiàn)在選擇題的干擾項上，切忌粗心大意。

【解析】

1.What'sthejoboftheman?

答案為A.題II雖然是間被采訪人的工作，干擾部分卻是此人的工作地點。助理文化官員也是外交官之一，此人在倫敦工作。因此正確選項為A。

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheman?

答案為B..A、C、D.個選項都略整絕對。文章開頭部分提到，該外交官的主要職責是將美國學者引入英國，因此B是正確選項.

3.Accordingtotheman,whichisthemajorthreattoworldpeace?

答案為D。選項C和D有相似之處，但C只是D的表現(xiàn)之。從原文看來，該外交官非常清晰的指出，Iguessonewouldhavetosaythatthetremendous

buildupoftheweaponsofwarisamajorthreattoworldpeace,其中tremendous對應massive,buildup對應accumulation,因此正確選項為D。

4.WhichofthefollowingisoneoftheadvantagesoflivingintheUSA,accordingtotheman?

答案為B,此題答案;H現(xiàn)在笫：題制而，順倒了聽力闌序.有定難度。Ithinkoneadvantageisperhapsacertaincasualness,因此選B

5.WhatcriticismdoesthemanmakeaboutlifeintheUSA?

答案為C.該外交官認為，美國人太過熱衷于宏偉壯大的事物，導致資源的浪費。因此選C.

Questions6—10

【原文】

Rome

"OnlynonpermanentseatshouldbeaddedtotheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil,asnewpermanentseatswouldweakenthebody's

representatives,legitimacy,andefficiency,"ItalianForeignMinisterGianfrancoFinisaidinarecentinterviewwiththeXinhuaNewsAgency.Italy

opposesthereformplancompiledbythequartetofBrazil,Germany.JapanandIndia,whichproposessixnewpermanentmembersandfournon

permanentmembersfortheSecurityCouncil,Finisaid.Hewarnedthatthequartet'splan,whichhasalreadytriggeredheateddiscussionamong

UNmembercountriesandregionalgroups,couldresultinthecollapseofUNreform.AttemptstoreformonebodyoftheUNshouldnotharmother

functionsoftheworldorganization,inparticular,itscorefunctions,Finisaid.UNreformneedbroadconsensusthroughconsultations,hesaid.Italy

supportsaproposaladvocatedbysomecountriesthatfavorsanenlargementoftheSecurityCouncilfrom15to25members,withallthetennew

seatsbeingnonpermanentones.

Hanoi

VietnamaimstoboosttieswiththeUnitedStates,especiallyintrade,VietnamesePrimeMinisterPhanVanKhaisaidyesterdayasheseton

agroundbreakingvisittoWashington.KhaiisthefirstVietnameseleadertovisittheUnitedStatessincetheendoftheVietnamWarin1975,affirming

theblossomingrelationshipbetweenthetwoformerwarfoes.Khai'stripcoincideswiththe10thanniversaryofthenormalizationofdiplomaticties

frozenaftertheendof"TheAmericanWar,"asitisknowntotheVietnamese."Inthe10yearswehaveprogressedalongwaytocreateafoundation

toenhancetherelationshiptoanewphase,anewheight,afriendlyrelationship,aconstructivepartnership,acomprehensivecooperationforlong

termstabilityforthebenefitofbothsides,"KhaisaidbeforeboardingaBoeing777forWashington.The72yearoldeconomistappearedkeen

topromotebusinessandtradewiththeUnitedStates.

NewYork

Thenames,banksandaccountnumbersofupto40millioncreditcardholdersmayhavebeenaccessedbyanunauthorizeduser,MasterCard

InternationalInc.said.ThecreditcardgiantsaidonFridaythesecuritybreachinvolvedacomputerdataforthepurposeoffraudandmayhave

affectedholdersofallbrandsofcreditcards.ItsaidthebreachwastracedtoAtlantabasedCardSystemsSolutionsInc,whichprocessescreditcard

andotherpaymentsforbanksandmerchants.ThecompromiseddatadidnotincludeaddressesorSocialSecuritynumbers,saidMasterCard

spokeswomanSharonGampson.Thedatathatmayhavebeenviewed—names,banksandaccountnumbers-couldbeusedtostealfundsbutnot

identities.

Gaza

APalestiniangunmanandanIsraeliwerekilledinanexchangeoffireinthesouthernGazaStripyesterdayafterasquadofmilitantsfiredanti

tankmissilesatIsraelisoldiersandcivilianlaborers.ThePalestinianattackalongGaza'sfrontierwithEgyptcoincidedwithavisittoIsraelandthe

WestBankbyUSSecretaryofStateCondoleezzaRice.ThemilitantIslamicJihadOrganizationandtheAbuRishBrigades,asplintergroupthatis

linkedtothemainstreamFatahfaction,claimedresponsibilityfortheattack..IslamicJihadsaidtheattackwasinresponsetoIsraeliactions,including

raidsandtheWestBankarrestlastweekofseniorpoliticalleaderMohammedJaradat.

Madrid

ViolentBasqueseparatistETAannouncedahalttoattacksonelectedSpanishpoliticians,aBasquepapersaidonSaturday.Butagovernment

sourcesaidthemovefellwellshortofitsconditionfortalks.BasquenewspaperGarareportedthatETAsentitacommuniqu,sayingitsdecisionwas

motivatedbyrecentpoliticalchanges.SpainSocialistgovernmentsaidinMaythatitwouldtalktoETA,whichhaskilledaround850peopleinafour

decadeindependencecampaignifitlaiddownitsarms.ThegovernmentconsideredittotallyunacceptablethatETAdiscriminatesorchoosesits

criminaltargets,agovernmentsourcesaidinreactiontoETA'sannouncement.

【解析】

6.WhatisItaly'sstandontheissueontheUNSecurityCouncilenlargement?

答案為C。這則新聞是關(guān)于意大利對于安理會是否應該增設常任理事國這個問題的態(tài)度.考生只需聯(lián)系中國的立場，很容易判斷出C是正確答案。A、B、D.個

選項都在某種程度上認同增設常任理事國。

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheVietnamesePrimeMinister'svisittotheUnitedStates?

答案為A,B選項時間偌誤。C選項地點錯誤，另外，新網(wǎng)首句提到越南領導人訪美的目的是促進美越兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系,D選項錯誤。

8.AccordingtoMasterCardspokeswoman,whatistherecentproblemwithCardSystem'snetwork?

答案為B.新聞首句出現(xiàn)答案此則新聞詞匯難度較大，如MasterCard（萬事達卡）,fraud（詐騙）,breach（破壞）等。

9.WhathappenedinthesouthernGazaStripyesterday?

答案為B.仍然是新聞首句出現(xiàn)答案。?殷來說，如果問題是whathappened,就?定要注意首句介紹。

10.WhatdoesBasqueseparatistETAsayrecently?

答案為D此則新聞關(guān)于西班牙分離組織ETA.其苜腦我示愿意與政府和談。然而政府方面態(tài)度較強硬，表示除非ETA放下武器投降，否則不會接受和談請求,

聽力時須注意分清ETA和政府各自的態(tài)度。

Questions11—15

【原文】

W:HowdidyoucomebedirectoroftheFriend'softheEarth?What'syourbackground?

M:Ispenttenyearsofmylifeasateacher.AnditwasduringthattimethatIbegantounderstandtheimportanceofalloftheseissues,largely

tryingtosortofteachthemthroughdramaintheclassroombytakingconcernsaboutthethirdworldintothecostumeddramalessons,andstufflike

that,andgotmoreandmorehookedonitmyself.Andthenwhenthisjobcameup,IthoughtIneededabitofrestfromteaching.Hasn'tbeenmuch

ofarest,butit'sbeenteachingofadifferentkind.

W:DoyouthinkwhatyoudidImean,theskillsyoupickedupasateacherhavebeenusefulinthejobyoudonow?

M:Enormouslyuseful.Theonlydifference,really,betweenthisjobandbeingateacheristhatwhenIwasateacher,theaudiencewastrapped

andunabletogetoutoftheclassroom.Thesedaysatleastpeoplecomealongvoluntarilyto,tolistenifyoulike,ortoworkwithFriendsoftheEarth.

ButIthinkthatsomeofthethingsIlearnedasateacher,particularlyintermsoftheEnglishdepartmentthatIwaspartof,intermsofunderstanding,

youknow,whatitisthat'slikelytoprovidepeoplewithasenseoffulfillmentandaspiration,andalltherestofit.Thosethingshavebeenterribly

important.AndIsupposepublicspeakingaswell.Youknow,onceyousurviveaclassroom,yousurvivethekindofsituationthatallowsyoutogo

anywherefortherestofyourlifeandspeakwithouthesitation.

W:That'strue.Yes.Howaboutpeople'sreactionstoyou?Imean,environmentalismnowisbecomingveryrespectableandvery,verypopular.

Buttobeginwith,theenvironmentalistsweren'talwayspopular.Irememberonepoliticiansayingthatenvironmentalistswerewoollymindsinwoolly

heads.Havepeoplereactedveryadverselyto,toyou?

M:Well,theyusedtoatthestart.Itwasinteresting.Imean,well,notadversely,butratherhumorouslyandcontemptuously,econut,kind

ofthing,andthefactthatIusedtoturnupatschoolonmybikeprovidedacertainamountof,youknow,amusementforkids,whocouldn't

understandwhyateacherdidn'thaveacar.Youknow,wasIarealhumanbeing?Sincethen,attitudeshavechangedenormously.AndIthinkasyou

say,really,thatkindof.senseofscoffing,joking,behindsomeone'sbackaboutit.hasdisappearedalmostentirely.Yougetnowasenseofthatpeople

wanttolisten,thoughtheystillmightbeskeptical.Wehaven'tbyanymeanspersuadedanybodythatwereallygottheanswerstothings,yet.But

there'sfarlessofthatflippancy.Ithinknowwe'vepersuadedpeoplewe'vegotaseriousmessage.They'regoingtohavetotakeitseriously.Andto

doso,we'vehadtochangeourownimage.TmhorrifiedatthenumberofoccasionswhenIhavetoputatieonthesedays.

W:Yeah.Yes,InoticedthatIhaven'tseemanysuitsandtiesaroundtheoffice.Imean,isthere

M:Aha,thereisthehidinofficetiecupboard.

W:Howaboutyourpersonallife?Itmustbeverystressful,runningajoblikethis.Doyoufindthatitputsagreatdealofstrainonyourprivate

life?

M:Itdoesabit.Ithinkyou'vejustgottodecideatthestartofdoingajoblikethis,thatyou'regoingtogivesomanyyearsofyourlifetoit.

Andyouacceptthatduringthattime,yourprivatelifeisgoingto,say,takesecondplace.Andaslongasyougotsomeonewhogoesalongwiththat,

asitwere.Imean,Igotmarriedlastyear.Andifsabittricky.But,youknow,byandlarge,wekindofcobbletogetherenoughtimeoutsideworkto

makeitbearable,butonlyjust.ButIdon'tthinkit'spossibletogoondoingthiskindofjobthroughoutone'slife,becauseitjusttakestoomuchout

ofyou.

【大意】這則訪談中，采訪者主要了解被采訪者作為,個環(huán)保主義者對自己的身份及工作的看法。從文章看來，環(huán)保并不是?項輕松的工作。環(huán)保主義者的精神

壓力，以及私人生活受到的影喻都是不可怙溢的。

【解析】

11.Whatjobdidthemanhavefortenyearsbeforehestartedhiscurrentposition?

答案為B”此題難度較低。A、C,D三個選項可以輕易排除。

12.Themanthinkstheskillshelearnedathispreviousjobareenormouslyhelpfulforhiscurrentjob.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthese

skills?

答案為A.被采訪者在描述以前做老師的經(jīng)驗對他到底有何影響時，思路并不卜分清晰，因此何答中時有插入語。但是總體來說，答案在文章中以較集中的方式出

現(xiàn)。聽力時須注意前句和后句的聯(lián)系。

13.Accordingtotheman,howdidpeopleingeneralreacttoenvironmentalistsinthepast?

答案為A。聯(lián)系上下文可以得知，過去人們對環(huán)保主義者的態(tài)度是負面的，可排除掉B和D選項。原文為Imean,well,notadversely,butratherhumorously

andcontemptuously,econut.因此選A“

14.Whatspecificthingdoesthemanmentiontheydotochangetheirownimage?

答案為A,問題是關(guān)于環(huán)保主義者如何改變自己的形象，B、D選項與形象無關(guān).可以排除11而打領帶這是正式著裝的表現(xiàn)之一，因此選A,

15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueabouttheman?

答案為D,文章最后句提到ButIdon'tthinkitspossibletogoondoingthiskindofjobthroughoutone'slife,可見被采訪者并不認為這是份可

以持續(xù)下去的職業(yè)，因此選D.

Questions16—20

【原文】

Whydomanufacturersofgadgetsandmachinesmakethemsocomplicated?Andwhydopeoplewanttobuysuchcomplicatedthings?Coming

backtoyourpointthatweseemtowanttobuythesethings,theevidenceisthey'redesignedtoconfuseussothatweappeartowantthem.That's

afairlysubtlepoint.Let'ssaythere'satouristcompany.Tilexplainitintermsoftouristcompanies.It'sabiteasiertounderstandthegeneralidea.

YouwanttogotoCostaDelSolandsomehotel.Youwantaswimmingpool.Youwanttobenearabeach,whatever.Whateveryourcriteriaare.You've

gotkidsandyouwant,soon.Ifyoulookinanytravelbrochureaboutthehotelsandresorts,theytellyoudifferentthingsabouteachhotel.Andpretty

soonyoudiscoveryoudon'tknowhowtomakeadecision,andyoumakearandomdecision.That'sdeliberate.Becauseifyouchoosethebesthotel,

everybodywouldgotothathotel.Sowhatthetravelcompaniesdoistheytellyouthishotel'sgotaswimmingpool.Thishotel'sgot,youknow,access

tothebeach.Thishotel'sgotchildren'sfacilities,andsoon.Basically,thepointofthatistospreadthecustomersoutamongstdifferenthotelsthat

theyhaveonoffer.

Thatsortofthinggoesonwithvideorecorders.Thepurposeisn'ttogiveyoufeaturesyouwant.Thepurposeistogetyouintotheshop,

confuseyousothatyoucanbesoldaproductonthebasisthatitisapoundcheaperthanacompetitor's,orthatismadebyabrandnamethatrings

abell,orthat,youknow,itwasatthefrontoftheshop.Andthoseareallthingstheyknowhowtocontrol.Soasyoulookatit,youknowwhythey're

makingconfusinggadgets.Well,becausetheysell.Andtheysell,becauseconfusingpeopleisaneasywayofcontrollingthem.Ioncehopedthat

safetycriticalsystemswouldbeawayofimprovingthings.Wecanalllaughaboutavideorecorder,youknow,atworst,yourecordthewrong

programorwhatever.Youknow,it'sjustirritating,andwecertainlylaughaboutit.Butthatsortofgadgetisalsoavailablein,forinstance,airplane

cockpits.Haveyouseenanairplanecockpit?Youknow,they'recoveredinknobs,buttonsandthings.Oranuclearpowerstation.Younameit.Ina

safetycriticalenvironment,theyhavegoneoverboardingadgetsthatarerathersimilartovideorecorders.Andit'sthennolongerajoke.It'sdeadly

serious.Tveworkedwithsomeoftheseinterfaces,andinairplanes.Andalthoughitdoesn'thelpmetosaythis,mycynicalviewisthey'redesigned

nottobeeasytouse.Theyaredesignedsothatwhentheplanecrashes,themanufacturerscansayitwasthepilot'sfault.Iftheuser'skilledhimself,

somuchtheeasiertoblametheuserhimself.Thenit'snotthemachine'sproblem.

【大意】這篇文章的角度比較新穎。人們在日常生活中經(jīng)常會碰到很難操作的電器，或者打算出外旅游時發(fā)現(xiàn)很難選擇食宿地點?一直以來，大家都認為這種現(xiàn)

象要不是巧合，要不就是不可避免。但是本文的作者認為，這切都是制造商們的陰謀詭計。

【解析】

16.Accordingtothewoman,whyarethegadgetsandmachinesmadesocomplicated?

答案為C.文章第一句話就引出了這個問題,但只到發(fā)言快結(jié)束時才回答這個問題,Soasyoulookatit,youknowwhythey'remakingconfusinggadgets.

Well,becausetheysell.Andtheysell,becauseconfusingpeopleisaneasywayofcontrollingthem。需要注意的是，D選項前面半句是正確的，然而后面

半句是錯誤的。

17.Whydotravelcompaniestellyoudifferentthingsaboutdifferenthotels?

答案為D,整篇文章的主題都有關(guān)生產(chǎn)者對消費者的欺騙.A.B.C個選項都是從正面來看待旅行社的動機，因此是錯誤的。實際上，旅行社們是想分散游客，

以免某些旅館負荷太重，因此選D.

18.Accordingtothewoman,howdopeopleusuallychooseahotelthroughatravelbrochure?

答案為C,雖然人們主觀上希望選擇最好的旅館，但宣傳單張被印制的過于復雜，以至于人們不知如何選擇，最后只好隨意選擇。正確答案為C”

19.Whatisthemainpointthatthewomanismakingwiththeexamplesoftravelbrochuresandvideorecorders?

答案為B,根據(jù)文章大意，制造商們是有意混淆消費者，因此選B-

20.Whyarethesafetycriticalsystemsmadesocomplicated,accordingtothewoman?

答案為Do答案在文章最后一句話,難度較低，原文為Iftheuserkilledhimself,somuchtheeasiertoblametheuserhimself.Thenit'snotthe

machine'sproblem,

Questions1—5

【概要】

木文介紹了英國對中小企業(yè)有關(guān)審直、稅務改革的問題。第一段提出，財政大臣提出的改革基本上沒有新意，但個別的內(nèi)容還是讓人欣喜。第二段介紹了長期以

來中小企業(yè)飽受繁瑣的審查之苦。第三段是財務大臣提出的小型企業(yè)返稅的改革方案。第四段提出有人認為改革見效有待時日。第五段提出這次改革計劃未盡人意。第六

段介紹了財政大臣提出的研發(fā)方面稅務優(yōu)惠改革的提議，以及中小企業(yè)對于這次改革的反應。

【解析】

1.答案為Co詞義句義題。確定題「關(guān)鍵詞為redtape,答案出處為第一段。根據(jù)whichwillthenumberofbusinessinspectionscarriedbyathird,equal

to1millionfewerinspections一句可知。

2.答案為Do結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為generalresponse答案出處為全文。根據(jù)原文中DavidBishop,AndrewJones.MikeWarburton和Terry

Moore幾個人的觀點中可以得知對于新改革方案的整體評價。

3.答案為Do事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為proposedbudget.答案出處為第?、四、五、六段。選項D具有一定的迷惑性。實際上，根據(jù)第五段中的butthere

aremorethan4millionsmallbusinessesintheUK,andthisinitiativewillaffectonlyoneineightofthem一句可以看出<如果粗心，就可能看到了4million

smallbusinesses就貿(mào)然選擇“

4.答案為D。結(jié)論推斷題。確定題「關(guān)鍵詞為mainpurpose”答案川處為全文。選項A、B都是原文中財務大臣改革的?個部分，而非全部，所以可以排除。

選項C居于過度概括。

5.答案為B。結(jié)論推斷題。確定題卜關(guān)鍵詞為feeling答案出處為第六段。根據(jù)thiswasperhapsasmuchasthey8uldhavehopedfor句可以得出

爭取的答案“

【難點】

redtape：是指繁文綢節(jié)：仃方的形式和過程，由以前用紅帶來系英國官方文件而來。

Questions6—10

【概要】

木文介紹了在治療兒童孤獨癥方面最新的科技發(fā)展。第一段講機器人在軟件的指揮下能夠幫助孤僻癥患者。第二段介紹了計算機控制的機器人的具體運用。笫三

段解釋了卡通形歙發(fā)揮作用的原因所在。第四段介紹了其他相關(guān)的技術(shù)。第五、六段介紹了能筋讀懂人類情感的機器和它的應用。

【解析】

6.答案為D。結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為StephenPorges,答案出處為第一段。從原文andthereforenotasintimidating句中可以得出選項D正

確。

7.答案為D。事實細節(jié)題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為characteristicofautisticchildren。答案出處為第一、三段。選項D把概念擴大化了.科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)可以用電腦

治療孤僻癥兒童，可這不等于說孤僻癥的兒堂?定能跟電腦互動。

8.答案為Ao結(jié)論推斷題°確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為conclude。答案出處為第二段。選項A實際上就是原文中iftechnologycanputthematease,Porgesargues,

socialskillswilldevelopnaturally句的同意轉(zhuǎn)述。

9.答案為C0詞義句義題。確定廷「?關(guān)鍵詞為ChristianJones”答案出處為第五段。選項A屬于誤導性選項。這個題目關(guān)鍵就是要理解sciencefiction的真

正含義一不存在的東西。作者并非真的提到3年前有什么科幻小說。

10.答案是C,結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為lasttwoparagraph、emotionreadingsoftware.答案出處為第五、六段。尤其是第五段非常詳細的介紹

了能夠讀懂人類感情的軟件在電話中心的應用。

Questions11—15

【概要】

本文闡述了低出生率和老齡化問題的影響。第段提出：低出生率和老齡化問題并不會給富裕的國家?guī)砩钋械臑碾y。第：段舉了口本的例子：老齡化問題嚴重,

但卻并不為其所累。第一??段提到美國社會保障制度不會受到老齡化的影響。第四段提供了研究機構(gòu)的研究結(jié)果：未來20年，住房儒求將會下降。

【解析】

11.答案為C。結(jié)論推斷題,確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為conclude,beginningsentences,答案出處為第段。文章:對老齡化問題持樂觀態(tài)度，而第句明顯是個負而

的觀點，所以選項A、B、D不正確。

12.答案為C.結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為Japan,example。答案出處為第二段。舉例子的II的是為了證明全文的觀點，而不是專門說明H本的情況，所

以選項A不正確。選項B與全文樂觀的態(tài)度相悖,所以不選.選項D把問題局限在日本人的壽命上而,顯然與文章主題不直接相關(guān)。

13.答案為C。事實細節(jié)題《確定題卜關(guān)鍵詞為SocialSecurityintheUnitedStages,theprojectedpercentageofpromisedbenefits。答案出處為第

-：段。選項A、C與主題相悖。選項C對比對象不正確。

14.答案為A事實細節(jié)題。確定題下關(guān)鍵詞為McKinseyGlobalInstitute'sstudy.答案出處為第四段.選項B、C均進行了一定的比較，而原文中并未出現(xiàn)

轉(zhuǎn)折詞匯或語意，故不選。選項D談論的內(nèi)容與主題老齡化問題不相關(guān)，所以錯誤。

15.答案是A結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵同為basictone。答案出處為全文。縱觀全文，作者多次提出了老齡化的問題不足以對富裕國家產(chǎn)生重大影響。比如

第一段中的business,facedwithfewerworkers,maywellinvestmoreinmachinesandothermeansforraisingproductivityandprosperityc第二段中

的theJapanesedoaprettygoodjobofrearingchildren等等。

【難點】

age:在本文當中主要作為動詞使用，意思為“年紀變大，

Questions16—20

【概要】

本文介紹了美國社區(qū)學校優(yōu)秀學員制度以及其對于很多學生的幫助。第段舉例說明：名校使得很多學生在經(jīng)濟和學業(yè)上都無法承受。第一段提出：社區(qū)學校斛

決了這個難題。第:?段介紹了社區(qū)學校的優(yōu)勢所在。第四段探討了社區(qū)學校招收學業(yè)優(yōu)秀的學生是否違背了建校原則。第五段解釋了社區(qū)學校的入學條件以及如何保持學

校的種族多樣性問題.

【解析】

16.答案為B結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為beginningsentence,答案出處為第段。文章-?開始的例子是為了引出文章的主題：社區(qū)學校是很多學生的

好選擇。四個選項只有選項B才結(jié)合了全文的主題。

17.答案為A：結(jié)論推斷題。確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為minorityenrollmentquota。答案出處為第二段。既然文中開始例子中的主人公問題得到了解決，我們可以判

斷出身為美國少數(shù)民族的主人公原先只能依?！吧贁?shù)民族入學比例制度工所以這個制度會收到少數(shù)民族的歡迎。

18.答案為B：事實細節(jié)題。確定題十關(guān)鍵詞為1990,答案出處為第：段。根據(jù)第despiteariseinthenumberof18yearoldscommunity

collegehonorsprogramsoffertalentedstudentsarespectableplacetostart,句可以選出答案.

19.答案為B：事實細節(jié)題，確定題干關(guān)鍵詞為MiamiDadeCollege,答案出處為第四、五段。根據(jù)第四段中andwhilemorethan80%ofMiamiDade's

honorsstudentsareblackorLatino一句可以選出答案。

20.答案是CA結(jié)論推斷題。確定題「關(guān)鍵詞為conclude^答案出處為笫五段。根據(jù)第五段中some90fouryearschools,includingSmithandtheUniversity

ofWisconsinatMadison,haveagreementswithMiamiDadethat,insomecases,guaranteeitshonorsgradsacceptanceflightintotheirjuniorclasses

一句可以得出答案。既然這些學校接受優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生，也就說明了這樣的學校接受這種新型優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生社區(qū)大學入學制度。

【難點】

Honorstudents：學業(yè)優(yōu)秀的學生。

【主題點睛】

痛苦不幸的童年歲月、矢志不渝的政治追求、￡黃野達的人生軌跡。

本篇原文三大段，每一段都是一句長句，讓我們品味原汁原味的英文。

【翻譯解析】

1.ThebookshowsustheprogressofaremarkableAmerican,who,throughhisownenormousenergiesandefforts,madetheunlikelyjourney

fromHope.Arkansas,totheWhiteHouse—ajourneyfueledbyanimpassionedinterestinthepoliticalprocesswhichmanifesteditselfateverystage

ofhislife:incollege,workingasaninternforSenatorWilliamFulbright;atOxford,becomingpartoftheVietnamWarprotestmovement;atYaleLaw

School,campaigningonthegrassrootslevelforDemocraticcandidates;backinArkansas,runningforCongress,attorneygeneral,andgovernor.

(1)關(guān)于句子分析

本句主句為ThebookshowsustheprogressofaremarkableAmerican,主句后帶有?個非限制性從句who,throughhisownenormousenergiesand

efforts,madetheunl