初二英語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的講解及習(xí)題答案

周末重難點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的講解和練習(xí)題構(gòu)成：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他否定式:主語+haven't/hasn't+過去分詞+其他。疑問式:Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他

簡(jiǎn)略答語:(肯定)Yes,主語+have/has.(否定)No,主語+haven't/hasn't.(否定)用法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)既涉及過去，又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在（一）表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,也可表示過去已經(jīng)開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與just（剛剛），already（已經(jīng)），never（從來沒有），ever（曾經(jīng)），before（以前），yet（仍然，還），once（一次），twice（兩次），manytimes（很多次），howmanytimes（多少次），sofar（迄今為止），uptonow,tillnow等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：※副詞的位置：①just常用于肯定句中，放在have/has后，Hehasjustcome.②never表示否定,放在have/has后,HehasnevervisitedtheGreatWall.③ever用于疑問句中,句型為:Have/Has＋主語＋ever＋過去分詞？“…曾經(jīng)……過嗎？”用于詢問某人過去的經(jīng)歷。Haveyoueverbeentothefarm？④before用于句末，Thewomanhasneverheardofthatbefore.⑤yet用于句末或not之后.HasthetrainarrivedyetNo,notyet.⑥already用于肯定句,have/has之后或句末.Wehavealreadyfinishedit.⑦sofar用于句首或句末.Sofar,wehavevisitedthemoon.（二）：表示過去已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語有：①for＋表示一段時(shí)間的詞語IhavetaughtEnglishfor19years。②since＋表示過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語Hehasbeenatthisschoolsince1986.③since＋表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.④since＋一段時(shí)間＋ago.Ihaveknownhimsince20yearsago.三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中可以和表示一段時(shí)間狀語（for，since，howlong,allone’slife）連用的動(dòng)詞必須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（肯定句）。如：be，have，know，live，work，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。Eg.Ihavebeenateacherfornearly20years.Howlonghashelivedhere常見終止性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換形式如下:1、borrow/lend→keep,2、buy→have,3、finish/end→beover,4、begin/start→beon5、open→beopen6、close→beclosed,7、die→bedead8、arrive/come/go/move/reach/getto→bein/at/behere/bethere,9、leave→beaway（from）10、gotoschool→beinschool/beastudent,11、getup→beup,12、fallasleep→beasleep13、fallill→beill14、gettoknow→know,15、lose→belost16、become→be17、begintostudy→study,18、return/comeback/getback→beback19、join→bein/bea…member,20、jointhearmy→beinthearmy/beasoldier21、receive/getaletter→havealetter22、catch/getacold→haveacoldEg.他參軍已有三年.Hehasjoinedthearmyforthreeyears.（錯(cuò)）改為:Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題1.havebeento和havegoneto的區(qū)havebeento強(qiáng)調(diào)“曾經(jīng)去過…”，現(xiàn)已不在那里，已經(jīng)回來了havegoneto主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“去了…”，可能在去的途中，或在去的目的地。2.havebeento和havebeenin的區(qū)別havebeento強(qiáng)調(diào)人“已回到原地”，后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語。havebeenin表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語練習(xí)題I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he____(finish)hisworktodayNotyet.3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMingHe__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)hereFortwoweeks.8.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.9.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhereII.Choosethebestanswer.()1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.Ａ.knew Ｂ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow()2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hasheＡ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still()3、HaveyoumetMrLi______？Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago()4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten()5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better()6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying()7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew()8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see()9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—ReallyWhen_____thereＡ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone()10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish()11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin()12、—Doyouknowhimwell—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade()13、—Howlonghaveyou____here—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived()14、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began()15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was()16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen()17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeentoＣ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen()18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey()19、hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChinaA.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived()20、Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity()21.Howlonghaveyou_______hereA.come B.got C.arrived D.been()22.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2. D.myagewas6.()23.Janehas_____toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.been B.gone C.went D.neverbeen()24.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.after B.since C.for D.that()25.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.met B.havemet C.hadmet D.willmeet()26.--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it--Just2weeks.A.will,buy B.did,buy C.are,having D.have,had()27.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemade B.havebecome C.havebeen D.haveturned()28.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.A.haslived B.lived C.havebeen D.live()29.--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black--Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.wentto D.willgoto()30.--____youever____totheUS--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,been C,Do,go D.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改為否定句)?I__________________beentoMacaubefore.

2.Hehasn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.(就劃線部分提問)_____________hecometoschool

3.Iboughanewbikejustnow.(用just改寫)??I____just____anewbike.

4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改為同義句)We________English____threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,______________（改成反意疑問句）6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)______________havetheybeenhere7.Theoldman_________lastyear.Hehas______________forayear.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGaohas_______________________anhourago.四、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各種形式填空。1)WhereisJackHe__________hiscountry.2)David________theparkjustnow.3)John_______Englandsincehecameback.4)Howlong_____they_____thisvillage5)TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.6)_____youever____America--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.7)I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJimHe_____thefarm.9)When_____he_____He_______anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_____tothezoowithme---Yes,butI_____therebefore.11)Where_____you_____now---I____tothezoo.12)Heoften_____swimming.13)_____you______therelastyear14)_____theyoften______skatinginwinter五、用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm”“No,Ihave________seenit.”5