浙江省杭州市2023-2024學年高三上學期11月期中檢測英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州市2023-2024學年高三上學期11月期中檢測英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AApplyforthe2024–2025SchoolYearWearethrilledyouareconsideringMaristSchoolforyourchild’snextchapter.Maristhastwoprimaryentrypointsforstudentsin7thand9thgradestowhichwetypicallyaccept150and50studentsrespectively.MaristSchoolutilizesRavenna,anapplicationmanagementsystem,forallaspectsoftheadmissionsprocess.ThroughRavenna,parentscanaccesstheMaristapplication,submitsupportingmaterials,trackapplicationstatus,andviewadmissiondecisions.Ourapplicationforthe2024-2025schoolyearwillbeavailablelateSeptemberwithaJanuary22,2024deadline.Importantly,MaristcontinuestorequiretheSSATaspartoftheapplicationprocess.OnSaturday,January6,2024,MaristwillserveasacommunitytestsitefortheSSAT.ThisisthelastnationaltestingdaypriortoourapplicationdeadlinewhenafirstsetofSSATscoresisdue.ImportantDatesSeptember2023-March2024MaristSchooladmissionseventsLateSeptember2023Marist2024-2025applicationavailableinRavennaOctober2023-January2024RequiredSSATtestingDecember3,2023OpenHouseJanuary22,2024DeadlinetoapplytoMarist;preliminaryapplicationandfee,parentandstudentquestionnaires,andafirstsetofSSATscoresaredueFebruary1,2024DeadlineforMaristtoreceiveanyoutstandingsupplementalmaterials;transcripts,teacherandadministratorevaluations,andparish/churchverificationformaredueFebruary12,2024DeadlinetosubmitseparatetuitionassistanceapplicationMarch30,2024AAAIScommonnotificationdateApril11,2024Deadlinetorespondtoofferofadmission1.Whoisthisarticlemainlyintendedfor?A.Studentsinallgrades. B.Studentsin6thor8thgrades.C.Parentsofchildrenin6thor8thgrades. D.Parentsofchildrenin7thto9thgrades.2.WhatdoweknowaboutRavenna?A.Itdealswithentryapplications. B.Itpromotesschoolmanagement.C.Itisaccessiblethewholeschoolyear. D.Itmonitorstheadmissionsprocess.3.Whichcanbeapossibledateforapplicantstosubmitteacherevaluations?A.August30,2023. B.January26,2024.C.February3,2024. D.March30,2024.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章是MaristSchool寫給孩子要申請該校2024——2025學年6年級和8年級的家長的，希望他們注意申請時應該注意哪些方面，尤其是各個事項的截止點?！即鸢浮?.C2.A3.B1．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“WearethrilledyouareconsideringMaristSchoolforyourchild’snextchapter.Maristhastwoprimaryentrypointsforstudentsin7thand9thgradestowhichwetypicallyaccept150and50studentsrespectively.(我們很高興你考慮在圣母學校開啟你孩子的下一個篇章。馬里斯特大學為七年級和九年級的學生提供兩個主要入學點，我們通常分別接收150名和50名學生)”可知，圣母學校開啟孩子的下一個篇章，招收7年級和9年級的學生，因此推斷本文針對的讀者是孩子即將入讀七年級和九年級的家長們，現(xiàn)在應該是6年級和8年級學生家長。故選C。2．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“MaristSchoolutilizesRavenna,anapplicationmanagementsystem,forallaspectsoftheadmissionsprocess.ThroughRavenna,parentscanaccesstheMaristapplication,submitsupportingmaterials,trackapplicationstatus,andviewadmissiondecisions.(瑪麗斯特學校在招生過程的各個方面都使用了申請管理系統(tǒng)Ravenna。通過Ravenna，家長可以訪問馬里斯特申請，提交支持材料，跟蹤申請狀態(tài)，并查看錄取決定)”可知，Ravenna可處理入學申請。故選A。3．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格左上角“September2023-March2024(2023年9月-2024年3月)”和第六欄“DeadlineforMaristtoreceiveanyoutstandingsupplementalmaterials;transcripts,teacherandadministratorevaluations,andparish/churchverificationformaredue(Marist收到任何未完成的補充材料的截止日期；成績單，教師和行政人員的評估，以及教區(qū)/教堂的驗證表)”以及時間“February1,2024(2024年2月1日)”可知，學校重大事件安排的總體時間為2023年9月-2024年3月，而接收教師評定的截止日是2024年2月1日，結(jié)合選項，B項“2024年1月26日”符合要求。故選B。BIn1959,Handlerchangedhowtoydollsweremadewhensheintroduced“Barbie”totheworld.Withhermaturefigure,Barbiewasoneofthefirst“grown-up”dollstohittheretailmarket.Handlerwantedtocreateatoythatwasdifferentfromthebabydollsthatdominatedlittlegirls’toyboxes.Shewantedadollthatgirlscouldprojecttheirfuturedreamsuponandallowedforlimitlessclothingandcareerchoices.Inspiredbypaperdollsofthetime,Handler,tomuchdisagreement,madesureBarbiehadthebodyofagrownwoman.“MyownphilosophyofBarbie,”Handlerwroteinherautobiography,“wasthatthroughthedoll,thelittlegirlcouldbeanythingshewantedtobe.Barbiealwaysrepresentedthefactthatawomanhadchoices.”There’sevenaBarbieforcancerpatients—BraveBarbie—apartnershipbetweenMattelandCureSearchthatsendsabald(光頭的)Barbietofamiliesaffectedbycancer.“GiftingmydaughteraBarbiewhosufferedfromcancerwastremendous,”Michelle,acancersurvivorsaid,“WewouldplaywiththatBarbietogetherandI’dheartbreakinglywatchherpretendtotakethedolltothehospitalforchemo(化療),orplaceitslongwigontopofitsheadandtellthedoll‘It’stimetobebeautifulagain.’”BaldBarbiewassuperbraveandwentonawesomeadventuresafterchemo.Sometimesshefeltsickandneededtosleep,butwouldfeelmuchbetterafterarest.BaldBarbiealwaysbeatthecancerandwentontolivealongandhappylifewithherfamily.ThatBarbiebecamesomuchmorethanaplasticdoll—shewasameansofcommunicationandacopingmechanismduringanextremelydistressingtimeforlittlefamilies.4.WhydidHandlercreateBarbie?A.Tomakeahitintheretailmarket. B.Toappealtogirlswithherdiverseoutfits.C.Todoaprojectonwomen’scareerchoices. D.Toinspiregirlstomakechoicesastheywish.5.HowmightMichellefeelwhenwatchingherdaughterwithBraveBarbie?A.Sadyetcomforted. B.Enviousyetproud.C.Overwhelmedandashamed. D.Heartbrokenandregretful.6.WhatdoesBraveBarbiemeantoMichelle’sfamily?A.Areliableemotionalsupport. B.Aglueforbrokenrelationships.C.Aneffectivepracticaltreatment. D.Asecretmediumofnegotiation.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amedicaljournal. B.Acharitybrochure.C.Afinancialreport. D.Astorycollection.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Handler創(chuàng)造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一個名為BraveBarbie的洋娃娃對一個癌癥女孩的幫助?！即鸢浮?.D5.A6.A7.D4．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Shewantedadollthatgirlscouldprojecttheirfuturedreamsuponandallowedforlimitlessclothingandcareerchoices.(她想要一個女孩們可以投射未來夢想的娃娃，并允許無限的服裝和職業(yè)選擇)”和第三段的“thelittlegirlcouldbeanythingshewantedtobe.Barbiealwaysrepresentedthefactthatawomanhadchoices.(通過這個娃娃，小女孩可以成為任何她想成為的人。芭比娃娃一直代表著女性擁有選擇權(quán)的事實)”可推知，Handler創(chuàng)造Barbie的目的是讓激勵女孩根據(jù)自己的意愿做出選擇。故選D。5．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的““GiftingmydaughteraBarbiewhosufferedfromcancerwastremendous,”Michelle,acancersurvivorsaid,“WewouldplaywiththatBarbietogetherandI’dheartbreakinglywatchherpretendtotakethedolltothehospitalforchemo(化療),orplaceitslongwigontopofitsheadandtellthedoll‘It’stimetobebeautifulagain.’”(“送給我患癌癥的女兒一個芭比娃娃真是太棒了，”癌癥幸存者米歇爾說，“給我的女兒一個患了癌癥的芭比娃娃是一件非常美妙的事情。我們會一起玩那個芭比娃娃，我心碎地看著她假裝帶著芭比娃娃去醫(yī)院化療，或者把它的長假發(fā)戴在它的頭上，告訴它‘是時候變漂亮了’”)”可推知，Michelle看到女兒和BraveBarbie一起感到欣慰的同時也很難過。故選A。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“BaldBarbiealwaysbeatthecancerandwentontolivealongandhappylifewithherfamily.ThatBarbiebecamesomuchmorethanaplasticdoll—shewasameansofcommunicationandacopingmechanismduringanextremelydistressingtimeforlittlefamilies.(禿頭芭比總是戰(zhàn)勝癌癥，并繼續(xù)與她的家人過著漫長而幸福的生活。芭比娃娃不僅僅是一個塑料娃娃——她是一個溝通的工具，也是一個在小家庭極度痛苦時期的應對機制)”可推知，BraveBarbie對于米歇爾一家而言是可靠的情感支持，幫助女兒和這個家庭應對極度痛苦的階段。故選A。7．〖解析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了Handler創(chuàng)造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一個名為BraveBarbie的洋娃娃對一個癌癥女孩和其家庭的幫助。由此推知，本文很有可能來自一本故事集。故選D。CThatdinosaursatethemammals(哺乳動物)thatranbeneaththeirfeetisnotindoubt.NowanextraordinaryfossilnewlydescribedinScientificReports,unearthedbyateamledbyGangHanatHainanVocationalUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChina,showsthatsometimesthetableswereturned.Thefossil-datedtoabout125millionyearsago,duringtheCretaceousperiod-wasformedwhenaflowofboilingvolcanicmudswallowedtwoanimalsseeminglylockedinalife-and-deathfight.Theoneontopisamammal.ThisanimalisaherbivorousspeciescloselyrelatedtotheTriceratops(三角恐龍).Animalinteractionssuchasthisareexceptionallycameinthefossilrecord.Onepossibilityisthatthemammalwaseatingsomethingalreadydead,otherthanhuntingliveprey.Thesedaysitisuncommonforsmallmammalstoattackmuchlargeranimals.Butitisnotunheardof.AndDr.Hanandhiscolleaguespointoutthatthosemammalswhicheatdeadbodiestypicallyleavetoothmarksalloverthebonesoftheanimals.Thedinosaur’sremainsshownosuchmarks.Thereisalsoachancethefossilcouldbeafake.Moreandmoreconvincingfakeshaveemerged,asthisonedid-thoughDr.Hanandhiscolleaguesarguethatthecomplexlyconnectednatureoftheskeletons(骨骼)makesthatunlikely,too.Assumingitisgenuine,thediscoveryservesasareminderthatnotalldinosaurswereenormousduringtheCretaceousandnotallmammalsweretiny.Fromnosetotail,thedinosaurisjust1.2meterslong.Themammalisabitunderhalfameterinlength.Despitebeinghalfthesize,themammalhasonepawfirmlywrappedaroundoneofitsprey’slimbs,andanotherpullingonitsjaw.Itisbitingdownonthedinosaur’schest,andhasrippedofftwoofitsribs.Beforetheywereinterrupted,itseemsthatthemammalwaswinning.8.Whichidiomisclosestinmeaningtounderlinedpart“thetableswereturned”inparagraph1?A.Thefittestsurvives. B.Thehuntersbecomehunted.C.Fortunealwaysfavorsthebrave. D.Thetruthwillalwayscometolight.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“toothmark”inparagraph3?A.Toprovethefossilwasfake. B.Toshowtheformingofthefossil.C.Toillustratetheprocessofhunting. D.Tosuggestthedinosaurwashuntedalive.10.WhatmakesDr.Hanthinkthefossilisgenuine?A.Thesizeofthefossil. B.Theabsenceoffakefossils.C.Thecomplexityoftheskeletons. D.Theconsistencyoftheopinions.11.Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?A.Itoffersacause. B.Ithighlightsasolution.C.Itjustifiestheconclusion. D.Itprovidesanewdiscovery.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的一個化石表明，有時恐龍也會被哺乳動物獵殺。〖答案〗8.B9.D10.C11.C8．〖解析〗詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thatdinosaursatethemammals(哺乳動物)thatranbeneaththeirfeetisnotindoubt.(恐龍吃跑在它們腳下的哺乳動物是毫無疑問的)”，第二段的“twoanimalsseeminglylockedinalife-and-deathfight.Theoneontopisamammal.(兩只似乎陷入生死搏斗的動物。上面的是哺乳動物)”，和第三段的“Thesedaysitisuncommonforsmallmammalstoattackmuchlargeranimals.Butitisnotunheardof.(如今，小型哺乳動物攻擊大型動物已經(jīng)不常見了。但這并非聞所未聞)”可知，雖然恐龍吃哺乳動物是毫無疑問的，但最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的一個化石表明在一場生死搏斗中，哺乳動物占了上風，并且小型動物攻擊大型動物也并非沒有。由此可知，有時情況會發(fā)生逆轉(zhuǎn)，即公認的捕獵者反被獵捕。因此猜測，劃線部分意為“捕獵者成為獵物”。故選B。9．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thesedaysitisuncommonforsmallmammalstoattackmuchlargeranimals.Butitisnotunheardof.(如今，小型哺乳動物攻擊大型動物已經(jīng)不常見了。但這并非聞所未聞)”和下文“AndDr.Hanandhiscolleaguespointoutthatthosemammalswhicheatdeadbodiestypicallyleavetoothmarksalloverthebonesoftheanimals.(韓博士和他的同事們指出，那些吃尸體的哺乳動物通常會在骨頭上留下牙印?？铸埖臍埡∩蠜]有這樣的痕跡)”推知，提出恐龍化石的骨骼上沒有牙齒印是為了表明它很有可能是在活著時被小型哺乳動物獵殺的。故選D。10．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Moreandmoreconvincingfakeshaveemerged,asthisonedid-thoughDr.Hanandhiscolleaguesarguethatthecomplexlyconnectednatureoftheskeletons(骨骼)makesthatunlikely,too.(越來越多令人信服的假骨頭出現(xiàn)了，就像這一具一樣——盡管韓博士和他的同事們認為，骨骼之間復雜的連接性質(zhì)也使這種假骨頭不太可能出現(xiàn))”可知，骨骼之間復雜的連接性使得Dr.Han和他的同事們認為化石是真的。故選C。11．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“NowanextraordinaryfossilnewlydescribedinScientificReports,unearthedbyateamledbyGangHanatHainanVocationalUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChina,showsthatsometimesthetableswereturned.(現(xiàn)在，由中國海南科技職業(yè)大學的韓剛領導的研究小組在《科學報告》中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種不同尋常的化石，它表明，有時情況會發(fā)生逆轉(zhuǎn))”以及最后一段“Fromnosetotail,thedinosaurisjust1.2meterslong.Themammalisabitunderhalfameterinlength.Despitebeinghalfthesize,themammalhasonepawfirmlywrappedaroundoneofitsprey’slimbs,andanotherpullingonitsjaw.Itisbitingdownonthedinosaur’schest,andhasrippedofftwoofitsribs.Beforetheywereinterrupted,itseemsthatthemammalwaswinning.(從鼻子到尾巴，恐龍只有1.2米長。這種哺乳動物體長不到半米。盡管這種哺乳動物只有一半大小，但它的一只爪子牢牢地包裹著獵物的四肢，另一只爪子拉著獵物的下巴。它咬住了恐龍的胸部，撕下了它的兩根肋骨。在他們被打斷之前，哺乳動物似乎贏了)”推知，最后一段對化石的描述是為了證明第一段提到的研究結(jié)論的正確性，即恐龍有時會被哺乳動物獵殺。故選C。DPhilosophershaveabadreputationforexpressingthemselvesinadryandboringway.Theidealsformostphilosophicalwritingareprecision,clarity,andthesortofconceptualanalysisthatleavesnohairun-split.Thereisnothingwrongwithclarity,precision,andthelike—butthisisn’ttheonlywaytodophilosophy.Outsideacademicjournals,abstractphilosophicalideasareoftenexpressedthroughliterature,cinema,andsong.There’snothingthatgrabsattentionlikeagoodstory,andtherearesomegreatphilosophicalstoriesthatdelightandengage,ratherthanputtingthereadertosleep.Oneofthegreatthingsaboutthisisthat,unlikeformalphilosophy,whichtriestobeveryclear,storiesdon’tweartheirmeaningsontheirsleeve—theyrequireinterpretation,andoftenexpressconflictingideasforthereadertowrestlewith.Considerwhatphilosopherscallthemetaphysics(形而上學)ofrace—anareaofphilosophythatexplorersthequestionofwhetherornotraceisreal.Therearethreemainpositionsthatyoucantakeonthesequestions.Youmightthinkthataperson’sraceiswrittenintheirgenes(apositionknownas“biologicalrealism”).Oryoumightthinkofraceassociallyreal,likedaysoftheweekorcurrencies(“socialconstructionism”).Finally,youmightthinkthatracesareunreal—thatthey’remorelikeleprechauns(一種魔法精靈)thantheyarelikeThursdaysordollars(“anti-realism”).AgreatexampleofastorywithsocialconstructionisttakingonraceisGeorgeSchuyler’snovelBlackNoMore.Inthebook,aBlackscientistnamedCrookmaninventsaprocedurethatmakesBlackpeoplevisuallyindistinguishablefromWhites.ThousandsofAfricanAmericansflocktoCrookman’sBlackNoMoreclinicsandpayhimtheirhard-earnedcashtoundergotheprocedure.Whiteracistscannolongerdistinguishthosepeoplewhoare“really”WhitefromthosewhomerelyappeartobeWhite.Inafinalepisode,CrookmandiscoversthatnewWhitesareactuallyawhitershadeofpalethanthosewhowerebornthatway,whichkicksoffatrendofsunbathingtodarkenone’sskin-darkeningitsoastolookmoreWhile.Philosophicallyrichstorieslikethisbringmoretechnicalworkstolife.Theyarestoriestothinkwith.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofphilosophicalstories?A.Themeaningbehindisveryobvious.B.Theyamextremelypreciseandformal.C.Theyoftencauseconflictsamongreaders.D.Theyareengagingandinspirecriticalthinking.13.Whichcategorymight“Christmas”fallintoaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Socialconstructionism. B.Anti-realism.C.Biologicalrealism. D.Literaryrealism.14.WhatisBlackNoMoreinparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Racialissuescausedbyskincolors.B.Asocietyviewonraceandself-image.C.Blackpeopleacceptedbythewhitesociety.D.Theoriginofsunbathingamongwhitepeople.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.StoriesMadeEasy B.StoriestoThinkwithC.PositionsinPhilosophy D.NatureofPhilosophicalWriting【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了哲學的抽象而復雜的理念往往是通過一個個有趣的小故事的形式體現(xiàn)的，它會啟發(fā)讀者思考?！即鸢浮?2.D13.A14.B15.B12．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“There’snothingthatgrabsattentionlikeagoodstory,andtherearesomegreatphilosophicalstoriesthatdelightandengage,ratherthanputtingthereadertosleep.(沒有什么能像一個好故事那樣吸引人的注意力，有一些偉大的哲學故事會讓讀者感到愉悅和吸引人，而不是讓讀者昏昏欲睡)”以及第三段“Oneofthegreatthingsaboutthisisthat,unlikeformalphilosophy,whichtriestobeveryclear,storiesdon’tweartheirmeaningsontheirsleeve—theyrequireinterpretation,andoftenexpressconflictingideasforthereadertowrestlewith.(這其中最重要的一點是，與形式哲學不同的是，故事并不會把自己的意思掛在明面上——它們需要解釋，而且常常表達出相互矛盾的觀點，讓讀者糾結(jié))”可知，哲學故事可以使讀者有參與感和激發(fā)批判性思維。故選D項。13．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Considerwhatphilosopherscallthemetaphysics(形而上學)ofrace—anareaofphilosophythatexplorersthequestionofwhetherornotraceisreal.Therearethreemainpositionsthatyoucantakeonthesequestions.Youmightthinkthataperson’sraceiswrittenintheirgenes(apositionknownas“biologicalrealism”).Oryoumightthinkofraceassociallyreal,likedaysoftheweekorcurrencies(“socialconstructionism”).Finally,youmightthinkthatracesareunreal—thatthey’remorelikeleprechauns(一種魔法精靈)thantheyarelikeThursdaysordollars(“anti-realism”).(讓我們來考慮一下哲學家所稱之為種族的形而上學——這是探究種族是否真實的哲學問題。關于這個問題，你可能持有三個主要觀點。你可能認為一個人的種族寫在他們的基因中(被稱為“生物現(xiàn)實主義”)。或者，你可能認為種族是社會上真實存在的，就像星期幾或貨幣一樣(“社會建構(gòu)主義”)。最后，你可能認為種族是虛幻的——它們更像一種魔法精靈而不是星期四或美元(“反現(xiàn)實主義”))”可知，Christmas為一個節(jié)日，是社會的共有認知，應屬于“社會建構(gòu)主義”。故選A項。14．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“AgreatexampleofastorywithsocialconstructionisttakingonraceisGeorgeSchuyler’snovelBlackNoMore.Inthebook,aBlackscientistnamedCrookmaninventsaprocedurethatmakesBlackpeoplevisuallyindistinguishablefromWhites.ThousandsofAfricanAmericansflocktoCrookman’sBlackNoMoreclinicsandpayhimtheirhard-earnedcashtoundergotheprocedure.Whiteracistscannolongerdistinguishthosepeoplewhoare“really”WhitefromthosewhomerelyappeartobeWhite.Inafinalepisode,CrookmandiscoversthatnewWhitesareactuallyawhitershadeofpalethanthosewhowerebornthatway,whichkicksoffatrendofsunbathingtodarkenone’sskin-darkeningitsoastolookmoreWhile.(一個以社會建構(gòu)主義觀點來探討種族問題的精彩例子是喬治·斯庫勒的小說《不再是黑人》。在這本書中，一位名叫克魯克曼的黑人科學家發(fā)明了一種讓黑人在外貌上無法與白人區(qū)分的程序。成千上萬的非洲裔美國人蜂擁而至克魯克曼的“黑不再”診所，并付出辛苦賺來的錢去接受手術。白人種族主義者再也無法區(qū)分那些“真正”的白人和那些只是表面上看起來像白人的人。在最后的一集中，克魯克曼發(fā)現(xiàn)新的白人實際上比天生如此的白人更白，從而引發(fā)了一個曬太陽變黑膚色的潮流，以使自己看起來更白皙)”可知，白人種族主義者再也無法區(qū)分那些“真正”是白人的人和那些只是看起來像白人的人。在最后一集中，克魯克曼發(fā)現(xiàn)新的白人實際上比那些生來是白人的人更白，這開啟了日光浴使皮膚變黑的趨勢——使其變黑，以便看起來不那么白。這段是關于種族和自我形象的社會觀。故選B項。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Philosophershaveabadreputationforexpressingthemselvesinadryandboringway.Theidealsformostphilosophicalwritingareprecision,clarity,andthesortofconceptualanalysisthatleavesnohairun-split.(哲學家以枯燥乏味的方式表達自己而臭名昭著。大多數(shù)哲學作品的理想是精確、清晰，以及那種不留痕跡的概念分析)”以及最后一段“Philosophicallyrichstorieslikethisbringmoretechnicalworkstolife.Theyarestoriestothinkwith.(像這樣富有哲理的故事給生活帶來了更多的技術作品。它們是用來思考的故事)”以及縱觀全文可知，文章主要介紹了哲學的抽象而復雜的理念往往是通過一個個有趣的小故事的形式體現(xiàn)的，它會啟發(fā)讀者思考，所以B項“StoriestoThinkwith(可供思考的故事)”是本文最好的標題。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inaworldthatoftenfeelsfast-pacedandrestrainedtoroutines,thedesireforvan(房車)lifeandmobilelivinghascapturedtheheartsofmanyseekinganalternativelifestyle.____16____Fromthefreedomtoexplorenewhorizonstofosteringaminimalistmindset,herearesomecaptivatingadvantagesofembracingvanlife.LiberationfromMaterialismTheconfinedspaceofavanencouragesaminimalistlifestyle,whereexperiencesarevaluedoverpossessions.____17____Withminimalmonthlyexpenses,suchasparkingfeesandfuelcosts,vandwellerscanallocateresourcestoexperiencesratherthanhighrentorhousepayments.Thismobilelivingissupportedbythedegrowthmovement,whichbelievesthateconomiesshouldfocusonsecuringtheminimalbasicneedsinsteadofconsumptionandconsumerism.ExplorationandFlexibilityTheabilitytofollowadventurewhereverittakesyouisoneofthemostamazingaspectsoflivinginavan.Youcanchoosetowakeupatdawnovertheoceanonedayandfindyourselfinaforestedmountainsidethenext.Livinginavanfrequentlyinvolvesbeingclosetotheoutdoorssurroundedbythebeautyofnature.____18____MinimalEcologicalFootprint____19____Theyadoptsolarpanelsandefficientwatersystems,furtherminimizingtheirimpactontheenvironment.Peoplewhochoosetoliveinmobilehomesbelievethateventually,globalwarmingandextremeweathermightbringanendtosedentary(定居的)livingpatterns.Throughtheopenroad,thebeautyofnature,andthefriendshipoffellowadventurers,vanlifepresentsauniqueavenueforenrichingthehumanexperience.____20____A.It’sthrillingtotraveltheworld.B.Manyvanliferstendtogogreen.C.Livinginavancanoftenbemorecost-effective.D.They’llfindasenseoffreedomofconstantexploration.E.ThenaturalworldbecomesanessentialpartofyourdailylifeF.Betteryet,itoffersawaytoreconnectwiththeessenceofliving.G.Theconceptofvanlifeoffersbenefitsbeyondjustachangeofscenery.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了住在面包車的好處。〖答案〗16.G17.C18.E19.B20.F16．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文“Fromthefreedomtoexplorenewhorizonstofosteringaminimalistmindset,herearesomecaptivatingadvantagesofembracingvanlife.(從探索新視野的自由到培養(yǎng)極簡主義的心態(tài)，這是一些擁抱面包車生活的迷人優(yōu)勢)”可知，擁有面包車的好處不僅僅是可以開著它們?nèi)ヂ眯行蕾p沿途的風景。G項“Theconceptofvanlifeoffersbenefitsbeyondjustachangeofscenery.(面包車生活的概念提供的好處不僅僅是改變風景)”符合題意，引出下文。故選G。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文“Withminimalmonthlyexpenses,suchasparkingfeesandfuelcosts,vandwellerscanallocateresourcestoexperiencesratherthanhighrentorhousepayments.(由于每月的停車費和燃油費等開支很少，住面包車的人可以將資源分配到體驗上，而不是支付高昂的租金或住房費用)”可知，住面包車更劃算，可以節(jié)省不少開支用于體驗。C項“Livinginavancanoftenbemorecost-effective.(住在房車里通常更劃算)”符合題意，開啟下文。故選C。18．〖解析〗空處位于段末，應承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Youcanchoosetowakeupatdawnovertheoceanonedayandfindyourselfinaforestedmountainsidethenext.Livinginavanfrequentlyinvolvesbeingclosetotheoutdoorssurroundedbythebeautyofnature.(你可以選擇在某天的黎明在大海上醒來，第二天發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在森林茂密的山腰上。住在一輛面包車里，經(jīng)?？梢越咏鼞敉?，被大自然的美景所包圍)”可知，每天在大自然中醒來，被自然的美景所包圍，那么大自然便成為了你日常生活的一部分。E項“Thenaturalworldbecomesanessentialpartofyourdailylife(自然世界成為你日常生活中必不可少的一部分)”符合題意，nature和natural是關鍵詞。故選E。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)小標題“MinimalEcologicalFootprint(最小生態(tài)足跡)”推知，空處內(nèi)容應與環(huán)保相關，結(jié)合下文“Theyadoptsolarpanelsandefficientwatersystems,furtherminimizingtheirimpactontheenvironment.(他們采用太陽能電池板和高效的供水系統(tǒng)，進一步減少對環(huán)境的影響)”中的they推知，空處提到的應是住面包車的人都很環(huán)保。B項“Manyvanliferstendtogogreen.(許多在面包車里生活的人傾向于環(huán)保)”符合題意。故選B。20．〖解析〗空處位于段末，應承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Throughtheopenroad,thebeautyofnature,andthefriendshipoffellowadventurers,vanlifepresentsauniqueavenueforenrichingthehumanexperience.(通過開闊的道路，大自然的美麗，以及冒險者的友誼，面包車生活為豐富人類體驗提供了一條獨特的途徑)”推知，空處繼續(xù)陳述這種生活帶來的好處。F項“Betteryet,itoffersawaytoreconnectwiththeessenceofliving.(更好的是，它提供了一種與生活本質(zhì)重新聯(lián)系的方式)”符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Gang(團伙)tensionswererisingatSouthwoodHighSchool.Somecommunityactivistshelda(n)____21____meetingwithparentsandtheprincipal.Agroupofthefathers____22____decideditwastimetomaketheir____23____knownoncampus.That’showDadsonDutywasbornwithitsgoal-makesurethekidsare____24____.Around40menorganizedintosix-personshifts,withtwoshiftsoncampuseveryday.They____25____thedayafterthemeeting.Thesepeople____26____theirownschedulesandcommitmentswithoutcomplaint.Someofthemarefathersofkidsattheschool,whileothersarenotbutexpecttheyouthintheircommunitytoknowtheyhavea(n)____27____villagebehindthem.Now,anyonewhowantstoentertheschoolwith____28____willhavetoavoidenergeticpapabears,bigsmilesandmanydadjokes.It’shardtobeatoughguywhensomebody’sunclehasjust____29____youintocheckingyourshoelacesforcountlesstimes,onlytofindthattheyarenot,infact,untied.SinceDadsonDutyarrivedoncampus,gangbattleshave____30____declined.“Theschoolhasbeen____31____,youcanfeelit,”saidonestudent.AnothertoldtheWashingtonPost,“They____32____allthekidslikewe’retheirownchildren.”Thedadsaren’tmeantto____33____securityguards.Iftheydoseea(n)____34____mayoccur,theygetsecurityonthesceneassoonaspossible.Theirpresenceismeanttobemore____35____thanreactionary.21．A.regular B.difficult C.emergency D.scheduled22．A.onduty B.inattendance C.atwork D.underguard23．A.voice B.status C.effort D.presence24．A.safe B.hardworking C.healthy D.equal25．A.practiced B.started C.gathered D.prepared26．A.check B.maintain C.sacrifice D.arrange27．A.large B.wild C.entire D.local28．A.confusion B.anger C.fright D.shock29．A.tricked B.persuaded C.forced D.scared30．A.never B.unexpectedly C.further D.dramatically31．A.happy B.curious C.cautious D.innovative32．A.yellat B.interactwith C.makefunof D.lookupto33．A.change B.post C.replace D.criticize34．A.debate B.theft C.fight D.instance.35．A.practical B.extraordinary C.temporary D.preventive【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本篇講了在美國的校園里，有一隊值班的父親，號稱值班父親團，他們的出席和在場讓校園的幫派現(xiàn)象減少，同時保證孩子們的支持，也為孩子們提供了情感援助?！即鸢浮?1.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.C28.B29.A30.D31.A32.B33.C34.C35.D21．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一些社區(qū)積極分子與家長和校長召開了緊急會議。A.regular定期的；B.difficult困難的；C.emergency緊急的；D.scheduled按時刻表的。根據(jù)前文“Gang(團伙)tensionswererisingatSouthwoodHighSchool.”可知，因為幫派現(xiàn)象愈演愈烈，所以一些社區(qū)活躍分子舉行了緊急會議。故選C項。22．〖解析〗考查介詞短語辨析。句意：一群出席的父親們決定，是時候在校園里讓人們知道他們的存在了。A.onduty值班；B.inattendance出席；C.atwork起作用；D.underguard在……看守之下。根據(jù)前文“Somecommunityactivistshelda(n)meetingwithparentsandtheprincipal.”可知，召開了會議，所以應是出席的父親。故選B項。23．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一群出席的父親們決定，是時候在校園里讓人們知道他們的存在了。A.voice呼聲；B.status狀態(tài)；C.effort努力；D.presence在場。根據(jù)后文“knownoncampus”并結(jié)合選項以及前文內(nèi)容可知，應是讓人們知道他們的存在，使校園更加安全。故選D項。24．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是DadsonDuty誕生的初衷——確保孩子們的安全。A.safe安全的；B.hardworking努力的；C.healthy健康的；D.equal相等的。根據(jù)前文“Gang(團伙)tensionswererisingatSouthwoodHighSchool.Somecommunityactivistshelda(n)meetingwithparentsandtheprincipal.”可知，因為幫派關系日趨緊張，父親們才開會，自然是為了保護孩子們的安全。故選A項。25．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在會后的第二天就開始了。A.practiced練習；B.started開始；C.gathered聚集；D.prepared做準備。根據(jù)前文“Around40menorganizedintosix-personshifts,withtwoshiftsoncampuseveryday.”可知，父親們做好分工，之后就開始。故選B項。26．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些人會毫無怨言地犧牲自己的時間表和承諾。A.check檢查；B.maintain保持；C.sacrifice犧牲；D.arrange安排。根據(jù)“withoutcomplaint”可知，他們毫無怨言犧牲自己的時間和承諾。故選C項。27．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們中的一些人是學校孩子的父親，而另一些人不是，但他們希望他們社區(qū)的年輕人知道他們有整個村莊的支持。A.large大的；B.wild野生的；C.entire整個的；D.local本地的。根據(jù)前文“expecttheyouthintheircommunitytoknow”以及后文“villagebehindthem”并結(jié)合選項可知，應是“整個村莊的支持”符合語境。故選C項。28．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，任何想帶著憤怒進入學校的人都將不得不避開精力充沛的熊爸爸、燦爛的笑容和許多爸爸笑話。A.confusion困惑；B.anger憤怒；C.fright恐懼；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)后文“willhavetoavoidenergeticpapabears,bigsmilesandmanydadjokes.”可知，需要避開父親們的笑容和玩笑，結(jié)合選項，應是帶著憤怒的人需要避開，因為憤怒和開心相對。故選B項。29．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當別人的叔叔騙你無數(shù)次檢查你的鞋帶，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們實際上并沒有解開時，做一個硬漢是很困難的。A.tricked欺騙；B.persuaded說服；C.forced強迫；D.scared驚嚇。根據(jù)后文“checkingyourshoelacesforcountlesstimes,onlytofindthattheyarenot,infact,untied”可知，檢查你的鞋帶，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們實際上并沒有解開，所以應是欺騙你檢查。故選A項。30．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：自從DadsonDuty進入校園以來，幫派爭斗急劇減少。A.never從不；B.unexpectedly意外地；C.further進