2022屆高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯閱讀加強(qiáng)練（一）

2022高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯閱讀加強(qiáng)練(一)

目錄內(nèi)容

專(zhuān)題一詞匯精細(xì)化講解

專(zhuān)題二詞匯應(yīng)用于句式

專(zhuān)題三閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

|~~專(zhuān)題一詞匯精細(xì)化講解

1:minorityn.少數(shù);少到

(l)aminorityof少數(shù)inthe/aminority占少數(shù);成為少數(shù)派

(2)minoradj.較小的;次要的;輕微的aminorroad小路

(3)majorityn.多數(shù)amajorityof大多數(shù);大部分inthe/amajority占多數(shù)

(4)majoradj.主要的;重要的amajorrole主要作用/角色

2：lackv.&n?缺乏;缺少

(Diackn.缺少;缺乏lackofsth.缺少某物forlackofsth.因?yàn)槿鄙倌澄?/p>

(2)lackvt.缺少;缺乏lackslh.缺少某物

(3)lackingadj.缺少的belackingin…缺乏....

3：varyv.改變;使多樣化;變化

(l)varywith隨...變化varyin在....方面變化varyfrom…to...從....到....變化

(2)variousadj.各種各樣的varietyn.多樣化;種類(lèi)avarietyof(=varieties0。不同種類(lèi)的，各種各樣的

要點(diǎn)提醒：

(l)avarietyof/varietiesof(許多的)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

(2)avarietyof/varietiesof(許多的)+不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

(3)thevarietyof(表種類(lèi))+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

4：congratulationn.祝賀

1Congratulationstosb.on/uponsth.祝賀某人某事Congratulations!恭喜！

(2)congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.就(做了)某事向某人祝賀

5：amazingadj.令人吃驚的;令人驚訝的

(l)amazei".使驚奇;使驚愕;使驚詫Itamazes/amazedsb.that…讓某人驚訝的是

(2)amazed。的.感到驚奇的;覺(jué)得驚訝的beamazedat/bysth.對(duì)某事感到驚訝

beamazedtodo/that對(duì)...感到驚訝

(3)amazinglyad比令人驚奇地

(4)amazement〃.驚訝;驚愕toone'samazement令某人驚訝的是

inamazement吃驚地，驚奇地

6：firmadj.堅(jiān)固的;堅(jiān)定的

adv.堅(jiān)固地;堅(jiān)定地

n.公司

firmfaith堅(jiān)定的信念firmsteps堅(jiān)定的步伐firmlyadv.堅(jiān)定地;堅(jiān)決地

anadvertisingfirm廣告公司ashippingfirm海運(yùn)公司runafirm經(jīng)營(yíng)公司

7：imaginev.想象;設(shè)想;料想

(l)imaginedoingsth.想象做某事imaginesb.doingsth.想象某人做某事

imagine...as/tobe把...想象成imaginethat...誤認(rèn)為...；猜測(cè)....

imagine+wh-clause...想象...

(2)imaginationn.想象力beyondimagination超出想象

8：involvevt.包括;需要

(l)involvesb.in(doing)sth.使某人參與(做)某事;使某人牽扯到某事中

involvedoingsth.包括做某事

(2)involvedadj.復(fù)雜的;有牽連的;有關(guān)的

get/beinvolvedin被卷入...之中;熱衷于;專(zhuān)心于

(3)involvementA-----1

專(zhuān)題三閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

9：aboardadv.&p、.-……八，，上船,登機(jī);上車(chē)

goaboard(theplane)登機(jī)

Allaboard!(口)請(qǐng)大家上船/車(chē)/飛機(jī)!

Welcomeaboard!歡迎乘坐!

onboard=aboard在(車(chē)、船、飛機(jī)等)上

10：instructionn.(常作復(fù)數(shù))指示,說(shuō)明;[U]指導(dǎo)，講授，教育

(l)followtheinstructions服從指示;按照說(shuō)明

carryoutone*sinstructions執(zhí)行某人的命令

(2)instructv.命令;指示

instructsb.todosth.命令某人做某事instructsb.insth.教授某人某方面的知識(shí)

instructthat…命令...(從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)

(3)instructiveadj.有教育意義的

(4)instructorn.導(dǎo)師;教練

專(zhuān)題二詞匯應(yīng)用于句式

1.Writinganarticleaboutanethnic(minor).

2.ButeventhoughsomeBritishpeoplearequitestrange,themajorityofthem(be)reallyfriendly

andFvemadesomegoodfriends.

3.Tohisdisappointment,heistheminorityinsupportingthemarketingplan.

4.Youshouldreportanyincident,however(minority)itis.

5.然而，大多數(shù)人之所以能成為有效的演講者，是因?yàn)樗麄兪苓^(guò)訓(xùn)練。

However,peopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.

6.這位年輕演員在這部新電影中獲得了主角。

Theyoungactorwasgiveninthenewfilm.

7.WehadaflattyreandIwastryingtochangethewheel.Butitwasstuck(firm).

8.Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworld,wheremultigenerationallivingismore

(firm)rooted.

9.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodinthevalueofcoldbaths.

10.這個(gè)小寶貝腳下還不穩(wěn)，所以不能自信地站立,也不能自信地走路。

Thelittlebabyonhisfeetyet,sohedoesnotstandorwalkconfidently.

11.Doyouwanttomakemorefriendsbut(lack)theconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon't

know?

12.Ofthe9,500driverstestedsincethebeginningoftheyear,23%werefoundlackingroad

knowledge.

13.Thesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinkedtoapoordietandlackofexercise.

14.Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitieslackofspace.

15.四天過(guò)去了，由于缺乏水和食物災(zāi)區(qū)很多人失去了生命。

Fourdayspassed,andalotofliveswerelostinthedisaster-hitareaswaterandfood.

16.由于缺乏資金，該隧道工程已經(jīng)被推遲了。

Becauseoffunds,thetunnelprojecthasalreadybeenputoff.

17.Imagineasituationtwostrangersaretalkingtoeachothej.(教材原句)

18.Imagine(stand)atthetopofthehill,andwhatawonderfulviewyouwillsee.

19.I'mnotsuiprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehadavivid(imagine).

20.你也許會(huì)想象，在這樣的世界里所有的人都會(huì)時(shí)刻浸潤(rùn)在幸福里。

Youmayimagineallthetime.

21.你能想象出20年后失去工作會(huì)是什么樣子嗎？

Canyouitwouldbeliketoloseyourjobafter20years?

22.Weseeexamplesofunconsciousbodylanguageveryoften,yetthereisalso“l(fā)earned“bodylanguage,

which(vary)fromculturetoculture.

23.StudentsarehiredeachyearinavarietysummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublic

Service.

24.Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallystorybooks,varyingfromChinesestories

Englishstories.

25.Changesinpricenormallyvarychangesofsupplyandneed.

26.GreetingsinAsiancountriesdonotinvolve(touch)theotherperson,buttheyalways

involvethehands

27.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesfbrthecreativepersontobecome(involve),including

workshopsandevents.

28.Planningabalanceddietinvolves(try)newanddifferentkindsoffoods.

29.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvescommunitieswheretheycangainexperiencefor

growth.

30.Inarecentbook,headvocatedmuchmoregovernment(involve)inhealthcare.

31.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytothepersononthenewhome.

32.Theythe25thweddinganniversaryinChinaandalltheiroldfriendswentto

themontheirsilverwedding,whichmovedthemdeeply.

33.WhenYanglanded,PremierWenJiabaotelephonedtheControlCentretoofferhis

(congratulate).(

34.ChineseNewYearisa(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthe

beginningofspring.

35.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticandfriendlyandtheclassroomsare(amaze).

36.Manyvisitorswere(amaze)bythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuilding

types.

37..(amaze),thesepeoplelivelargelybytheirownlawsandtheirownsocialcustoms.

38.Muchtomy(amaze),IfoundtheeducationsystemintheUKwastotallydifferentfrom

thatofmyhomecountry.

39.Shewasamazed(find)thefridgeempty;thechildrenhadeateneverything!

40.MsShengaveus(instruct)andthenweworkedbyourselves.

41.Itisthemost(instruct)lecturethatIhaveattendedsinceIcametothisschool.

42.Theletterinstructedthathe(report)ittothegeneralmanageratonce.

43.Itissogoodahabittoinstructchildren(lay)thingswheretheybelongwhentheyare

young.

44.Theyallthinkhighlyofthebookbecauseitisinterestingand(instruct).

專(zhuān)題三閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

Wheredohurricanenamescomefrom?Whydowegivehumannamestoviolent,mindlessmassesofwaterand

wind?Andhowdoweallagreewhichnametouse?

Beforethe1940s,onlytheworststormsweregivennames.1.TherewastheSeaIslandsHurricaneof1893,the

GreatGalvestonHurricaneof1900andtheLaborDayHurricaneof1935tonameafew.

Thepracticeofusingmorememorablenamesdidn'tbeginuntil1950.ItwaswhenAtlantictropicalhurricanes

receivedofficialnames,althoughtheystillweren'thumanones.2.Sothe1950seasonfeaturedsuchstrangely

namedstormsasHurricaneDog,HurricaneEasyandHurricaneLove.

3.Thesamelistofnameswasrecycledeveryyear,sothe1950-1952seasonseachfeaturedaHurricaneAble

throughatleastHurricaneFox.Thatbecameconfusing,soin1953theU.S.NationalHurricaneCenterbeganusing

femalehumannames,whichprovedfarmoresuccessful.Notonlydiditmakestormidentificationeasier,butit

helpedauthoritiesandnewsoutletsspreadwarnings.4.

Thefirsthurricanenameswereofteninspiredbyforecasters*wives,butin1979men'snameswereaddedtothe

mixTheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationnowmonitorsthemasterlistofnames,whichalternatesbetweenmale

andfemalessixlistsarerotatedannuallyintheAtlantic.sothe2015nameswillbeusedagainin2021.

5.Seventy-eightAtlantichurricanenameshavebeenretiredsince1954,including29since2000.

A.Besides,ithelpedthepublicpayattentiontothem.

B.Thesenameswerechosenfromsomefamiliarwords.

C.Thisnamingrule,however,hadanobviousweakness.

D.Thesenamesofretiredhurricanesaresillyorunreasonable.

E.Butwhenahunicaneisbadenough,itsnamecanberetired.

F.Theywereusuallybasedontheplaceortimeofyeartheymadelandfall.

G.Itisalsoeasiertousenameswhenwehavemorethanonestormtotrack.

(B)

ThereisaschoolinmyManhattanneighbourhoodthathasbeengivingoutfreemealsduringtheCovid-19

pandemicandeverytimeIwalkpastitthelineseemslonger.Acommunityfridgerecentlyshowedupacoupleof

blocksaway;it'soneofmanythatactivistshavefixedacrossthecitytofightagainstgrowingfoodinsecurity.Just

aroundthecornerthere'sayoungwomanwhohasbecomearegularamongthebeggarsIusuallyseeinthearea.

ShelostherjobbecauseofCovid-19.

It'snotalldoomandgloom.Whilethepooraregettingpoorer,the1%aremakingoutlikerobbers.

America's600-plusbillionairessawtheirwealthgrowbymorethan$700bninthefirstfewmonthsofthe

pandemic.Duringthesameperiod,morethan50millionAmericanworkerslosttheirjobs.TheUSgovernmenthas

printedtrillionsofdollarsineconomicreliefbutmanyoftheforgivableemergencyloansforsmallbusinessesseem

tohavebeentakenbythesuper-rich.Mylocalindependentcoffeeshophascloseddown,butKanyeWestreceived

apartiallyforgivableloanworthatleast$2m.ItisbecomingincreasinglyclearthattheUSisexperiencingoneof

thebiggestwealthtransfersinhistory.

BernieSandershasaplantohelp.Lastweek,Sandersintroducedabill,MakeBillionairesPayAct,thatwould

establishaone-time60%taxonbillionaires,pandemicgainsandusethemoneytoguaranteeAmericansfreehealth

careforayear.Thereisverylittlechancethebillwillgetpassed.

Billionairesshouldn'texistinthefirstplace——theideathattheyshouldbetaxedatahigherrateduringa

pandemictohelppayhealthcareshouldn'tberemotelycontroversial.However,therearesomewhothinksucha

movewouldbeextremelyunfairto“poorunfbrtunate,,billionaireswho,asweallknow,areoneofthemost

unfairlyhurtgroupsintheworld.

1.Howdoestheauthordevelopthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bygivingdefinitions.

C.Bypresentingarguments.D.Bymakingcontrasts.

2.Theunderlinedsentence"It'snotalldoomandgloom.^^impliesthat.

A.thewriterdoesn'tfeeldepressedatall

B.thecurrentsituationofCovid-19isgettingbetter

C.thewomanhassufferedmorethanwecanimagine

D.thebillionairesstillmakeprofitsduringthepandemic

3.Thebill,MakeBillionairesPayAct,wasputforwardto.

A.ridthecountryofpandemicB.restrictthebillionaires'fortune

C.provideshort-termloansforhealthcareD.ensuretemporaryfreemedicalservice

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthebillionaires?

A.Disapproving.B.Disappointed.C.Sympathetic.D.Respectful.

minorityareinminorthemajorityofamajorrolefirmfirmlyfirmfirmbelief

isnotveryfirmlackinaforforlackofalackof

wherestandingimaginationthateveryoneintheworldwouldbehappyimaginewhat

variesoftowithtouchinginvolvedtryingininvolvementcongratulate

celebratedcongratulatecongratulationscelebration

amazingamazedAmazinglyamazementtofindinstructionsinstructive（should）reportto

layinstructive

1.由下一句“1893年的海島颶風(fēng)，1900年的加爾維斯頓大颶風(fēng)和1935年的勞動(dòng)節(jié)颶風(fēng)

等等?！笨芍?，這些颶風(fēng)都是根據(jù)時(shí)間地點(diǎn)來(lái)命名的，承接下文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“它們通常是根據(jù)它

們一年中登陸的地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間來(lái)確定的。”切題。故選F項(xiàng)。

2.由上兩句“使用更容易記住的名字的做法直到1950年才開(kāi)始。那是大西洋熱帶颶風(fēng)正

式命名的時(shí)候，盡管它們還不是人類(lèi)的名字和下一句“所以1950年的季節(jié)有這樣奇怪的命

名風(fēng)暴，如颶風(fēng)狗，颶風(fēng)易和颶風(fēng)愛(ài)?！翱芍Z風(fēng)狗，颶風(fēng)易和颶風(fēng)愛(ài)（Dog、Easy和Love

很熟悉常見(jiàn)）都是選用熟悉的詞命名的，承接上下文，B選項(xiàng)”這些名字是從一些熟悉的詞中

選出來(lái)的。”切題。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.由下三句“每年都會(huì)重復(fù)使用相同的名稱(chēng)列表，所以1950-1952年的每一季都至少有

一次颶風(fēng)能和颶風(fēng)福克斯。這讓人很困惑，因此1953年美國(guó)國(guó)家颶風(fēng)中心開(kāi)始使用女性人名，

這一做法被證明是成功的。它不僅使風(fēng)暴識(shí)別更加容易，而且?guī)椭?dāng)局和新聞機(jī)構(gòu)傳播警報(bào)?！?/p>

可知，選用熟悉的詞給颶風(fēng)命名，會(huì)產(chǎn)生有“許多相同名字颶風(fēng)”的弱點(diǎn)，這讓人們很困惑，

這不利于識(shí)別颶風(fēng)和發(fā)出警報(bào)，所以才出現(xiàn)了用女性人名命名的方式（有利于識(shí)別颶風(fēng)和發(fā)出

警報(bào)），承接下文，C選項(xiàng)“然而，這個(gè)命名規(guī)則有一個(gè)明顯的弱點(diǎn)?！鼻蓄}。故選C項(xiàng)。

4.由上一句“它不僅使風(fēng)暴識(shí)別更加容易，而且?guī)椭?dāng)局和新聞機(jī)構(gòu)傳播警報(bào)?！笨芍?，

上下兩句講颶風(fēng)用女性人名命名的好處，上下兩句是順承遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，承接上文，A選項(xiàng)“此外，

它也有助于公眾對(duì)它們的關(guān)注?！鼻蓄}。故選A項(xiàng)。

5.由下一句“自1954年以來(lái)，已有78個(gè)大西洋颶風(fēng)名稱(chēng)被注銷(xiāo)，其中29個(gè)是2000年

以來(lái)的?！笨芍?，承接下文，E選項(xiàng)“但是當(dāng)颶風(fēng)夠糟糕的時(shí)候，它的名字可以注銷(xiāo)?！鼻蓄};

該選項(xiàng)中的retired對(duì)應(yīng)下文的retired,同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項(xiàng)。

1.D根據(jù)第一段第一句ThereisaschoolinmyManhatt