山西大學(xué)附中2018-2019學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月模塊診斷英語試卷

此卷只裝訂不密封班級此卷只裝訂不密封班級姓名準(zhǔn)考證號考場號座位號英語注意事項：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第I卷（選擇題）一、閱讀理解Wanted,SomeoneforaKissWe’relookingforproducerstojoinusonthesoundofLondonKiss100FM.You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.PleaseapplyinwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100．FatherChristmasWe’relookingforaveryspecialperson,preferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSundays,10:3016:00.Excellentpay.PleasecontacttheEnterpriseShoppingCentre,StationParade,Eastbourne.AccountantsAssistantWhenyoujointheteaminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevelwewouldliketotalktoyou.Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.WealdenDistrictCouncilSoftwareTrainerIfyouareaged2445andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.Youshouldbegoodattheputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.Youwillbeallowedtomakeyourowndecisions，andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.Payupwardsof￡15,000fortherightperson.PleaseapplybysendingyourCV(簡歷)toMrsR.Oglivie,Palmlacelimited.1．WelearnfromtheadsthattheEnterpriseShoppingCenterneedsapersonwho________A．isagedbetween24and40 B．maydosometrainingworkC．shoulddealwithgeneralduties D．canworkforaboutamonth2．Whichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduates？A．Producer,LondonKiss B．FatherChristmasC．AccountantsAssistant D．SoftwareTrainer3．WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmlaceLimited？A．OnewithGCSEgradeClevelB．Onewithsomeofficeexperience．C．OnehavinggoodputerknowledgeD．Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes．Fatandshy,BenSaunderswasthelastkidinhisclasspickedforanysportsteam“Football,tennis,cricketanythingwitharoundball.Iwasuseless,”hesaysnowwithalaugh.ButbackthenhewastheonealwaysmadefunofinschoolgymclassesinDevonshire,England.Itwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.Atfirsthewentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantoridethebikealongwitharunnerfriend.Gradually,Saunderssethismindonbuildinguphisbody,increasinghisspeedandstrength.Attheageof18,heranhisfirstmarathon．Thefollowingyear,hemetJohnRidgwayandwashiredasaninstructoratRidgway’sSchoolofAdventureinScotland,wherehelearntaboutRidgway’scoldwaterexploits.Greatlyinterested,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutNorthPoleexplorersandadventures,thendecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture．In2001,afterbeingaskillfulskier,SaundersstartedhisfirstlongdistanceexpeditiontowardstheNorthPole.Ittookunbelievableenergy.Hesufferedfrostbite(凍瘡),ranintoapolarbearandpushedhisbodytothelimit,pullinghissupplyloadedsled(雪橇)upandoverrockyice.NextOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthfromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,a2900kilometerjourneythathasneverbeenpletedonskis.4．WhatchangehappenedtoSaundersafterhewas15yeasold?A．Hebecamegoodatmostsports. B．Hebegantobuilduphisbody.C．Hejoinedasportsteam. D．Hemadefriendswitharunner.5．Theunderlinedword“exploits”(Paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto______.A．journeys B．researchesC．a(chǎn)dventures D．operations6．WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedtoSaunders?a.Heranhisfirstmarathon.b.HeskiedaloneintheNorthPole.c.Herodehisbikeinaforest.d.HeplannedanadventuretotheSouthPole.A．a(chǎn)cdb B．cdabC．a(chǎn)cbd D．cabd7．WhatdoesthestorymainlytellusaboutSaunders?A．Heisasuccessinsports. B．HeisthebestBritishskier．C．HeisRidgway’sfavoritestudent. D．Heisgoodinstructoratschool．Americanslovepeanutbutter.Theaveragechildwilleat1,500peanutbutterbeforeheorshegraduateshighschool.Butthereisacontroversyoveranewpeanutbutter.ItiscalledSTEEMPeanutButter.Thispeanutbutteraddsanewingredient:caffeine.Coffeeisapopularmorningdrinkbecauseithascaffeineandgivespeopleenergyinthemorning.Evensmallamountsofcaffeinecanbedangeroustochildren.UnitedStatesSenator(參議員)CharlesSchumersays,“Peanutbutter,oneofthesnacksmostcloselyconnectedwithchildren,mighthavetobestoredinthemedicinecupboardratherthaninthekitchencupboard.ThiswillshocktheFoodandDrugAdministration.”SchumerwantstheU.S.FDAtoinvestigate.HeobservedthatearliertheFDApreventedplansforacaffeinatedchewinggum.STEEM,themanufacturer,said,“Wearesellingthecaffeinatedpeanutbutterallovertheworld.Theproductprovidescaffeineinaneasilydigestibleway.CaffeinatedfoodshavebeensoldinU.S.storesforwelloveradecadeandareinnowayanewidea.Customerstellustheywanttoeatthecaffeinatedpeanutbuttersotheydon’thavetodrinkasmuchcoffeeorenergydrinks.Thepeanutbutterisnotintendedforchildren.”“Peanutbutterhasbeenafavoriteofchildrenforgenerations,”Schumercontinued,“Parentsacrossthecountryhavetoworryaboutasceneinwhichtheirchildmightunknowinglybiteintoapeanutbutterthatcontainsmorecaffeinethantwocupsofcoffee.”TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssayscaffeineinsmallamountscanhelpthephysicalperformanceofadults.Buttheacademyurgesparentsnottoallowchildrentotakeevensmallamountsofcaffeineowingtocaffeine’spossiblenegativeeffectsonachild’sheartandbraindevelopment.8．ThereisacontroversyovertheSTEEMPeanutButterbecauseitcontains______.A．fat B．peanutC．caffeine D．nutrition9．CharlesSchumersuggeststhatthenewpeanutbuttershouldbe______.A．keptinthekitchencupboard B．outofchildren’sreachC．manufacturedinhugequantities D．eatenbychildrenforgenerations10．AccordingtoSTEEM,thenewpeanutbutterispopularwithadultsbecause______.A．itisatraditionalfood B．itisdigestedmoreeasilyC．itsproductionisnotbanned D．theyeatitinsteadofenergydrinks11．WecanguessfromthetextthattheresponsibilityoftheFoodandDrugAdministrationisto______.A．introducenewfoodsanddrugsB．promotethesalesoffoodsanddrugsC．guaranteethesafetyoffoodsanddrugsD．improvethephysicalperformanceofadultsGrownupsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar”orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrialsincreasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar”andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.Themultiplicationtables(乘法口訣表)areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone’sfuturedevelopment.12．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A．Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B．Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrownups.C．Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D．Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.13．Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby_________.A．presentingresearchfindings B．settingdowngeneralrulesC．makingaparison D．usingexamples14．Accordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplicationtablesis_______.A．a(chǎn)resultofoverlearning B．a(chǎn)specialcaseofcrammingC．a(chǎn)skilltodealwithmathproblems D．a(chǎn)basicsteptowardsadvancedstudies15．Whatistheauthor’sopiniononcramming?A．Itleadstofailureincollegeexams. B．It’shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.C．It’spossibletoresultinpoormemory. D．Itincreasesstudents’learninginterest.二、七選五HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingisimportant.Butthenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou’veread!16．Youmayhavejustreadthetext,buttheideas,conceptsandimagesmayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyouread.●17．Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon’tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.It’sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.Ifyoudon’tunderstandwhatyou’rereading,howwouldyourememberit?Butthereareafewthingsyoucando...Useadictionary;lookupthedifficultwords.●Areyouconnected?Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.18．Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?●Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speakthemoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He’dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.19．●Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you’lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou’veread.20．Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you’llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You’lllearntoenjoyliterature－asyourememberwhatyouread!A．Areyouconfused?B．Practicemakesperfect.C．Areyouwiseenough?D．Memoryissometimesatrickything.E.Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyouread.F.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.G.Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!三、完形填空Ifyouwantyourlifetostandforpeaceandkindness,it’shelpfultodokindandpeacefulthings.Oneofmyfavorite21todothisisbydevelopingmyownhelpingactions.Theselittleactsof22areopportunitiestobeofserviceandremindersofhowgooditfeelstobekindand23.WeliveinaruralareaoftheSanFranciscoBayArea.Mostofwhatweseeis24andnatural.Oneofthe25tothebeautyistherubbishthatsomepeoplethrowoutoftheirwindowsastheyare26ontheruralroads.Oneofthefew27tolivinginthemountainousareaisthatpublicservices,suchasrubbishcollection,areless28thanthoseareclosertothecity.AhelpingactionthatIpractice29withmytwochildrenispickinguprubbishinoursurroundingarea.We’vebeesoaccustomedtodoingthisthatmy30willoftensaytomeinpleasantvoices,“There’ssomerubbish,Daddy,31thecar!”Andifwehave32,wewilloftenpulloverandpickitup.Itmayseemstrange,butweactually33it.Wepickuprubbishinparks,onsidewalks,practicallyanywhere.OnceIevensawa(n)34pickinguprubbishclosetowherewelive.ThemanwhomIdidn’tknowsmiledatmeandsaid,“I35sawyoudoingit,anditseemedlikeagoodidea.”Pickinguprubbishisonly36ofanendlesssupplyofpossiblehelpingactions.Youmightlikeholdingadooropenforpeople,visitingand37lonelyelderlypeopleinnursinghomes,orremovingsnowoffsomeoneelse’sdriveway.Thinkofsomethingthatseemseffortless38helpful.It’sworthwhile,personallyrewarding,andsetsagoodexample.Youractsofkindnesscan39otherstodothesamethings.Andeveryone40fromthis.21．A．things B．a(chǎn)ctivities C．ways D．places22．A．kindness B．education C．profession D．a(chǎn)musement23．A．polite B．curious C．challenging D．helpful24．A．dirty B．beautiful C．different D．simple25．A．explanations B．a(chǎn)nswers C．changes D．weaknesses26．A．running B．walking C．driving D．jumping27．A．reasons B．disadvantages C．principles D．days28．A．a(chǎn)vailable B．important C．satisfying D．dangerous29．A．generally B．casually C．regularly D．a(chǎn)ccurately30．A．friends B．parents C．colleagues D．children31．A．stop B．start C．repair D．speed32．A．faith B．time C．money D．material33．A．enjoy B．need C．see D．get34．A．cleaner B．neighbor C．a(chǎn)dult D．stranger35．A．seldom B．often C．never D．rarely36．A．many B．that C．one D．a(chǎn)ll37．A．forting B．respecting C．treating D．teaching38．A．just B．yet C．still D．even39．A．force B．inform C．encourage D．beg40．A．remembers B．ranges C．suffers D．benefits第II卷（非選擇題)四、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BeijingOperarolesrequireperformerstopaint41．(they)facesinpatternsandcolorstorepresentdifferentcharactertypesand42．(quality).InBeijingOpera,facialpaintingcanbequiteplex.However,inthe43．(begin),onlythreecolorswereused—red,white,andblack.Now,manyothercolors,suchasyellow,purple,blueandgreen,44．(use)forfacialpainting.Redisacolorforbraveandloyalcharacters.GuanYu,ageneralfromtheThreeKingdomsPeriod(A．D．220—280),isagoodexampleofthiskindofcharacter.Heisfamous45．beingveryloyaltohisemperor,LiuBei.Whitehighlightsall46．isbadinhumannature.It47．(suggest)dishonestyandbetrayal(背叛).OneofthetypicalwhitefacedcharactersisCaoCao,a48．(power)andcruelprimeministerfromtheThreeKingdomsPeriod.Blackfacepaintis49．(usual)usedforsomeonewhoisfierceandviolent.OnetypicalexampleisGeneralZhangFeifromtheclassicnovel,RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.AllthesedifferentcolorsareusedinBeijingOperafacialpainting50．(provide)aclearpictureofeachcharacter.五、短文改錯51．短文改錯AforeignstudentgraduatedwithhonorsfromafinelyuniversityinGermany.Heexpectedtofindagoodjobandhaveabrightfuture.Butinhisdisappointment,hewasn’tevengivingthechanceforaninterview!Thethirdtimehewasrefused,hephonedthepanytoaskhow.“Wedon’temploydishonestpeopleinGermany”istheanswer.Whatwaswrong?ShortlybeforehearrivedinGermany,hefoundeasytostealsubwayrides.Butheoftenrodewithoutaticketandwascaughtupthreetimes.Hehadtopayahighpriceforhisownbehavior.Weshouldkeepinminds:honestyisthebestpolicy.六、提綱類作文52．假定你是李華，將參加你校為高二年級學(xué)生舉辦的主題為“摒棄不良的生活方式，養(yǎng)成健康的生活習(xí)慣”的英語座談。請你用英語寫一篇演講稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.不良生活方式的危害；2.如何養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣(23條);3.發(fā)出倡議。注意：詞數(shù)100左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）Hello,everyone!____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!20182019學(xué)年山西大學(xué)附中高二下學(xué)期3月模塊診斷英語答案1．D2．C3．C【解析】【分析】試題分析：本文介紹了四則廣告，以及廣告所招聘的人員的具體要求和信息。1．D細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二則廣告Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSundays,l0:3016:00.可知他需要的人的工作時間大約是1個月，故D正確。2．C細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三則廣告最后2行Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.可知C項正確。3．C細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四則廣告的Youshouldbegoodattheputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.可知C項正確。【名師點評】本文介紹了四則廣告，以及廣告所招聘的人員的具體要求和信息。文本所給信息非常豐富，要求考生從中選出適合題目要求的信息。解此類題目時，考生可以先閱讀題目和選項，了解具體要求，然后再仔細閱讀文章，認真篩選甄別，這樣的閱讀就有的放矢，可以大大提高閱讀的速度和效率?？键c：考查廣告類閱讀4．B5．C6．D7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記。這篇文章主要講的是Saunders本來是一個完全不擅長體育的學(xué)生，15歲生日時收到的一輛山地車改變了他，慢慢成長成一個運動健將，并且已經(jīng)成為了獨自滑雪到達北極的最年輕的人。4．細節(jié)題。由第二段第一句Itwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.15歲生日時收到的一輛山地自行車改變了他。由此可知，答案選B。5．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段Thefollowingyear,hemetJohnRidgwayandwashiredasaninstructoratRidgway’sSchoolofAdventureinScotland,wherehelearntaboutRidgway’scoldwaterexploits.Greatlyinterested,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutNorthPoleexplorersandadventures,thendecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture．“第二年，他遇到了約翰·里奇威，并被聘為里奇威蘇格蘭冒險學(xué)院的講師，在那里他了解了里奇威的冷水探險經(jīng)歷。桑德斯極感興趣,閱讀所有關(guān)于北極探險者和冒險,然后決定,這將是他的未來?！庇纱送浦獎澗€詞的意思是“冒險活動”。故選C。6．排序題。根據(jù)第二段中Atfirsthewentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantoridethebikealongwitharunnerfriend.“起初，他一個人在附近的森林里騎車。然后他開始和一個跑步的朋友一起騎自行車?！盇ttheageof18,heranhisfirstmarathon．“18歲時,他第一次跑馬拉松?！焙妥詈笠欢沃蠭n2001,afterbeingaskillfulskier,SaundersstartedhisfirstlongdistanceexpeditiontowardstheNorthPole.“2001年，在成為一名熟練的滑雪者之后，桑德斯開始了他的第一次北極長途探險?！盢extOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthfromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,a2900kilometerjourneythathasneverbeenpletedonskis.“明年10月，27歲的桑德斯將從南極洲海岸向南出發(fā)，到達南極，然后返回，這段2900公里的旅程從未在滑雪板上完成過?！庇纱丝芍_順序是D項。7．主旨題。這篇文章主要講的是Saunders如何由一個完全不擅長體育的學(xué)生變成了一個滑雪健將，并且已經(jīng)成為了獨自滑雪到達北極的最年輕的的人。由此可知，答案選A。8．C9．B10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。這篇短文主要介紹了美國一些人關(guān)于STEEMPeanutButter的爭論，文中詳細的介紹了支持者與反對者的不同意見。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的句子“ItiscalledSTEEMPeanutButter.Thispeanutbutteraddsanewingredient:caffeine(咖啡因).”可知，關(guān)于STEEM花生醬的爭論是因為它含有咖啡因。故選C。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的句子“Peanutbutter,oneofthesnacksmostcloselyconnectedwithchildren,mighthavetobestoredinthemedicinecupboardratherthaninthekitchencupboard.”可知，他認為新的花生醬應(yīng)該放在孩子夠不到的地方。故選B。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的句子“Customerstellustheywanttoeatthecaffeinatedpeanutbuttersotheydon’thavetodrinkasmuchcoffeeorenergydrinks.”可知，STEEM認為成年人吃這種花生醬就不用再喝能量飲料了。故選D。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段中的句子“HeobservedthatearliertheFDApreventedplansforacaffeinatedchewinggum.”他觀察到，在早些時候FDA組織了一項針對含咖啡因的口香糖的計劃?？芍現(xiàn)DA可能是一個保證食品和藥物安全的機構(gòu)。故選C。【點睛】做推理判斷題時，要求考生在閱讀時，要抓住文章的主題和細節(jié)，分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義。在進行推理時，考生一定要仔細閱讀短文，千萬不可脫離原文而僅憑個人的看法，主觀臆斷。本題第4小題，根據(jù)短文第二段中的句子“HeobservedthatearliertheFDApreventedplansforacaffeinatedchewinggum.”他觀察到，在早些時候FDA組織了一項針對含咖啡因的口香糖的計劃。可知，F(xiàn)DA可能是一個保證食品和藥物安全的機構(gòu)。故選C。12．A13．D14．A15．B【解析】【分析】本篇短文講述什么是超量學(xué)習(xí)及超量學(xué)習(xí)的法則。超量學(xué)習(xí)是過度學(xué)習(xí)定律，它可以這樣說:一旦我們學(xué)到了一些東西，額外的學(xué)習(xí)嘗試會增加我們記住它的時間。12．段落大意題。第一段主要講述大人們在兒時學(xué)會的東西，即使多年不復(fù)習(xí)還是可以記得很清楚。故選A，人們在兒時學(xué)習(xí)的知識記得很好。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Themultiplicationtables(乘法口訣表)areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.和第五段中的Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.可知，作者在解釋超量學(xué)習(xí)法則的時候，運用了乘法口訣和考試前突擊學(xué)習(xí)的例子。故選D。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.“因為這是我們兒時超量學(xué)習(xí)的另一個結(jié)果?！惫蔬xA。15．細節(jié)理解題。最后一段解釋考試之前的突擊學(xué)習(xí)。Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.“通過突擊學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生可以通過考試，但是很快就會忘記所學(xué)?！边@種方式僅適用于考前，故選B，突擊學(xué)習(xí)在限定的方式下有用。16．D17．A18．F19．G20．B【解析】【分析】本文給出幾種方法來幫助讀者記憶閱讀過的內(nèi)容，包括掃清生詞障礙，將所讀到的內(nèi)容與已有知識建立聯(lián)系，把自己置身于情節(jié)之中和經(jīng)常性閱讀。16．根據(jù)空格后的內(nèi)容：你可能剛剛讀過某篇文章，但卻對文章所傳達的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然。接下來作者給出了幾條能記住所讀內(nèi)容的方法。D選項：閱讀中記憶有時很讓人棘手，與空格后所表述含義一致，故選D。17．本段主要說明能記住所讀內(nèi)容的前提是讀懂，這就需要首先通過查字典等辦法掃清生詞障礙。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’tunderstand”不理解“等詞可推知答案，故選A。18．根據(jù)空格后的內(nèi)容：將正在閱讀的內(nèi)容與已有知識之間建立聯(lián)系。有些書的內(nèi)容會讓你立即產(chǎn)生這種聯(lián)想，因此推斷該空的內(nèi)容也是與建立聯(lián)系有關(guān)，F(xiàn)選項含義為“但是其他書則更多地需要你自己努力了”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，與上下文順暢連接，另外otherbooks也與空白前的somebooks相對應(yīng)。故選F。19．本段給出的方法是：要求讀者能全身心投入到所讀內(nèi)容中去，列舉了狄更斯的例子旨在說明這種方法的可行性，因此讀者也可以使用這種方法記住所讀內(nèi)容，故選G。20．根據(jù)空格前：將閱讀作為一種日?；顒樱芍崭裉幰f明這樣做的好處。由此可推斷出，該空格處內(nèi)容與經(jīng)常閱讀相關(guān)，選項F(熟能生巧)符合語境?！军c睛】1.如果問題設(shè)在段首，通常是段落的主題句，認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句如：●___2___Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,likelywon’tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.本段主要說明能記住所讀內(nèi)容的前提是讀懂，這就需要首先通過查字典等辦法掃清生詞障礙。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’tunderstand”不理解“等詞可推知答案，故選AAreyouconfused?2.如果問題設(shè)在段尾.空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。如：CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters,He’dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.___4___3.如果問題設(shè)在句中，承上啟下性是這個句子的主要作用。分析句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，符合邏輯，就能得出正確答案。如：Ifyoureadfrequently,you’lllikelyhaveandeasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereading(andwhatyou’veread).___5__根據(jù)空格前：將閱讀作為一種日常活動，可知空格處要說明這樣做的好處。由此可推斷出，該空格處內(nèi)容與經(jīng)常閱讀相關(guān)，選項F(熟能生巧)符合語境。21．C22．A23．D24．B25．D26．C27．B28．A29．C30．D31．A32．B33．A34．D35．B36．C37．A38．B39．C40．D【解析】【分析】本文通過描述自己和孩子提供撿垃圾來幫助自己所生活的社區(qū)的公共服務(wù)，告訴我們我們要伸出我們友愛之手去幫助需要幫助的人。21．考查名詞。A.things事情；B.activities活動；C.ways方法；D.places地方。通過bydevelopingmyownhelpingactions可知這是做這個的“方法”。故選C。22．考查名詞。A.kindness善良；B.education教育；C.profession職業(yè)；D.amusement娛樂。根據(jù)tobeofserviceandremindersofhowgooditfeelstobekind可知這些是善意的小行動。故選A。23．考查形容詞。A.polite有禮貌的；B.curious好奇的；C.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.helpful有益的。根據(jù)tobekind可知是善良和有益的。故選D。24．考查形容詞。A.dirty臟的；B.beautiful美麗的；C.different不相同的；D.simple簡單的。根據(jù)下句的thebeauty可知我們看到的大部分都是美麗的和自然的。故選B。25．考查名詞。A.explanations解釋；B.answers回答；C.changes改變；D.weaknesses劣勢。根據(jù)本句中的therubbishthatsomepeoplethrowoutoftheirwindows可知垃圾是美中不足，是“劣勢”之一。故選D。26．考查動詞。A.running跑；B.walking散步；C.driving駕駛；D.jumping跳。根據(jù)本句中的somepeoplethrowoutoftheirwindows和ontheruralroads可知這是在農(nóng)村的公路上“開車”。故選C。27．考查名詞。A.reasons理由；B.disadvantages優(yōu)勢；C.principles原則；D.days天。生活在山區(qū)的少數(shù)缺點之一是公共服務(wù)，如垃圾收集，比那些離城市近的服務(wù)更少。結(jié)合句意可知答案為B。28．考查形容詞。A.available可以利用的；B.important重要的；C.satisfying令人滿意的；D.dangerous危險的。生活在山區(qū)的少數(shù)缺點之一是公共服務(wù)，如垃圾收集，比那些離城市近的服務(wù)更少。結(jié)合句意可知答案為A。29．考查副詞。A.generally一般地；B.casually隨便地；C.regularly有規(guī)律地；D.accurately精確地。我和我的兩個孩子經(jīng)常實行的幫助行動是在我們周圍地區(qū)撿垃圾。結(jié)合句意可知答案為C。30．考查名詞。A.friends朋友；B.parents父母；C.colleagues同事；D.children孩子。根據(jù)本段第一句中的mytwochildrenispickinguprubbishinoursurroundingarea.和本句中的Daddy，可知，我的孩子們常常用悅耳的聲音對我說。此處是單詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D。31．考查動詞。A.stop停止；B.start開始；C.repair修理；D.stop停止。根據(jù)本段第一句中pickinguprubbishinoursurroundingarea.和There’ssomerubbish可知，當(dāng)孩子看到垃圾時叫爸爸“停車”。故選A。32．考查名詞。A.faith信仰；B.time時間；C.money金錢；D.material材料。如果我們有時間，我們經(jīng)常把車停在路邊，把垃圾撿起來。故選B。33．考查動詞。A.enjoy喜愛；B.need需要；C.see看見；D.get得到。這可能看起來很奇怪，但我們真的很享受。句中的but“但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A。34．考查名詞。A.cleaner清潔工；B.neighbor鄰居；C.adult成年人；D.stranger陌生人。根據(jù)下句中ThemanwhomIdidn’tknow可知，我甚至看到一個陌生人在我家附近撿垃圾。D項符合語境。35．考查副詞。A.seldom很少，難得；B.often經(jīng)常；C.never從來沒有；D.rarely罕見地。這位陌生人經(jīng)?？匆娮髡邠炖９蔬xB。36．考查不定代詞。撿垃圾只是無數(shù)可能的給予幫助的行動之一。故選C。37．考查動詞。A.forting使舒適；B.respecting尊重；C.treating對待；D.teaching教。根據(jù)visitingand____17____lonelyelderlypeopleinnursinghomes可知，拜訪和安慰養(yǎng)老院里那些孤獨的老年人。故選A。38．考查副詞。A.just僅僅；B.yet然而；C.still仍然；D.even甚至。根據(jù)Thinkofsomethingthatseemseffortless____18____helpful.“想一些看似毫不費力卻很有幫助的事情?！贝颂巈ffortless和helpful不是一類型的詞，可視為有一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故答案為B。39．考查動詞。A.force強迫；B.inform告知；C.encourage鼓勵；D.beg祈求。你的善良行為能鼓勵其他人做同樣的事情。故選C。40．考查動詞。A.remembers記得；B.ranges排列，把分列；C.suffers遭受；D.benefits有益于，受益。每個人從中受益。benefitfrom得益于，故答案為from。41．their42．qualities43．beginning44．a(chǎn)reused45．for46．that47．suggests48．powerful49．usually50．toprovide【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是京劇角色要求表演者用不同的圖案和顏色來表現(xiàn)不同的性格類型和品質(zhì)。41．考查形容詞性物主代詞。這里用形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞faces。句意：京劇角色要求表演者繪臉譜來代表不同的人物類型和性格品質(zhì)。故這里用their。42．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。這里并列連詞and前后的可數(shù)名詞都用復(fù)數(shù)形式charactertypesandqualities人物類型和性格品質(zhì)。故用qualities。43．考查名詞。句意：在京劇中，繪臉譜是非常復(fù)雜的。但是，在開始時，只有三種顏色被使用——紅色，白色和黑色。inthebeginning起初，首先。故這里用beginning。44．考查固定搭配su