2023-2024學(xué)年陜西省漢中市高三上學(xué)期第三次聯(lián)考英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE3陜西省漢中市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第三次聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ADaveWilliamsonShortStoryCompetitionByManitobaWriters’GuildTheManitobaWriters’GuildwasstartedinAugust1981atAubigny,Manitoba,asagrassrootsorganizationforandofManitobawriters.OurannualDaveWilliamsonShortStoryCompetitionsopentowritersacrossManitoba.Weactivelyencouragesubmissionsfromthosewhoare18+yearsofage.PrizesTopprize:$1,000CAD9runners-up:$500CAD9honorablementions:PublicationAllworksfrom10prizewinnersand9honorablementionwinnerswillbepublishedinane-bookcollectionbytheManitobaWriters’Guild.Proceedsfromthesaleofthee-bookwillbeusedtosupportfutureManitobaWriters’Guildwritingcompetitions.Winnerswillbeannouncedviae-mailafewweeksafterthecontestdeadline.EntryEntryisfreeofchargetoallwriters.However,writerslookingtoimprovetheirwritingmaychoosetopurchaseanassessedentry($10CAD).Withthisoption,youwillreceiveaGoogledocumentwithcommentsandsuggestionsonhowtoimproveyourwritingonasentencelevel,aswellasapersonale-mailguidingyouingrowingasawriter.RulesFollowalltherulescarefullytoavoidbeingdisqualified.◆Writebetween2,500and5,000wordsandsubmitonlyyouroriginal,unpublishedwork.◆Yoursubmissionwillincludeacoveringletterthatcontainsyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.◆Weareacceptingonlye-mailsubmissionsforthiscontest.Pleasemakesurethefileissentasa.pdf,.doc/.docxor.txtdocument.◆ThedeadlinetosubmityourwritingisDecember19,2023.1.Whoisthecompetitionorganizedfor?A.Universitystudents. B.LocalwritersinManitoba.C.Middleschoolstudents. D.WritingenthusiastsinCanada.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthehonorablementionwinners?A.Theycanreceiveacashprize. B.Theyaregivenguidanceonwriting.C.Theycanhavetheirentriespublished. D.Theyarefreetodownloade-books.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Postingyourwritingbyexpressdelivery. B.SendingyourentryonDecember18,2023.C.Typingoutastoryof4,500words. D.E-mailingyourentryasa.pdfdocument.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了DaveWilliamson短篇小說大賽的相關(guān)情況。【答案】1.B2.C3.A1．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“OurannualDaveWilliamsonShortStoryCompetitionsopentowritersacrossManitoba.Weactivelyencouragesubmissionsfromthosewhoare18+yearsofage.(我們的年度戴夫·威廉姆森短篇小說比賽對Manitoba的作家開放。我們積極鼓勵那些年滿18歲的人提交作品。)”可知，比賽是為Manitoba的當(dāng)?shù)刈骷医M織的。故選B。2．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分“Allworksfrom10prizewinnersand9honorablementionwinnerswillbepublishedinane-bookcollectionbytheManitobaWriters’Guild.(Manitoba作家協(xié)會將出版10位獲獎?wù)吆?位榮譽獎獲得者的所有作品的電子書集。)”可知，榮譽獎獲得者的參賽作品可以被發(fā)表。故選C。3．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rules部分“Weareacceptingonlye-mailsubmissionsforthiscontest.(我們只接受此競賽的電子郵件提交。)”可知，用快遞寄你的文章會導(dǎo)致取消資格。故選A。BWhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice.Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect,too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,“Yougoteatornot?”(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends’responseinParagraph1?A.Itreflectstheirself-confidence. B.Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents. D.Itshowsthattheyaregoodlearners.5.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A.ToshowdifferentlanguagesinSingapore. B.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.C.Toshowatraditionalapproach. D.Tojustifytheuseofdialects.6.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendustodointhelastparagraph?A.Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects. B.Travelallovertheworld.C.LookforaccentsinChina. D.Distinguishourlocallanguagesfromothers’.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsaccent?A.Negative. B.Favourable. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了語言差異的意義，提倡我們要欣賞口音和方言的價值?！敬鸢浮?.C5.D6.A7.B4．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.(當(dāng)我向一些朋友提到我們都有口音時，他們中的大多數(shù)人都自豪地回答說：“好吧，我的英語/漢語等都說得很好。”但這種說法沒有切中要害。)”可知，作者認為他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含義。故選C。5．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段中“Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?(根據(jù)新加坡英語使用者扎實的語法體系，這個句子結(jié)構(gòu)良好，溝通清晰。為什么僅僅因為它不同就應(yīng)該是錯誤的？)”可知，作者認為不能因為它不同就認為它是錯的。所以作者使用新加坡口語的例子是在為使用方言進行辯護。故選D。6．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(像這樣的語言差異可以洞察人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景。在一個全球化的時代，一個人說話的方式是一個人身份的一個獨特部分。大多數(shù)人都樂于談?wù)撍麄冄葜v背后的文化。我們會更多地了解我們生活的世界，并在這一過程中結(jié)交朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建議我們欣賞口音和方言的價值，這樣我們可以更好了解我們的世界，交更多的朋友。故選A。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(像這樣的語言差異可以洞察人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景。在一個全球化的時代，一個人說話的方式是一個人身份的一個獨特部分。大多數(shù)人都樂于談?wù)撍麄冄葜v背后的文化。我們會更多地了解我們生活的世界，并在這一過程中結(jié)交朋友。)”可推知，作者建議我們欣賞口音和方言的價值，故他對方言的態(tài)度是支持的。故選B。CDesertification(沙漠化)isacoursethathascausedmuchconcernoverthepastfewyearsandit’samajorproblemfortheancientlandofEgypt,where96%ofthecountry’slandisdesert.Sowhyisitthat—ifyoudroveacar10mileswestoftheSuezCanal—youwouldseealargenumberofforestsoutlinedagainsttheorangesandandblueskyoftheSahara?TheSerapiumForestistherichestofEgypt’s36areasthatmakeupaprogramtofightdesertificationbycreatingsustainablymanagedcommercialforestsfedcompletelybywastewater.The500-mileforestisonlyashortdistancefromthe400,000peoplelivingintheEgyptiancityofIsmailia,whoproducemillionsoftonsofwastewatereveryyear.Afteradozen-milejourneytotheSerapiumForest,thewastewateristhenstoredundergroundwhereoxygenisfedintospeedupthebacterialpurificationprocess.Asystemofpipesthenspreadsthewastewaterthroughouttheforest.Andhumanwastewaterisstillrichinchemicalsevenafterbeingtreated.Thegovernment’seffort,calledtheNationalProgramforSafeUseofTreatedSewageWaterforAfforestationisgoingalongwaytowardachievingthecountry’sgoalsvoicedinthe1992UNRioconferenceonclimatechange.TheresearchwassupportedbyForestFinance,aGermancompanythathasalreadyplantednear-naturalforestsinPanamaandVietnamtohelpthosecountrieswiththeirdevelopmentandwildlifeprotection.ForestFinancewantstoincreasethenumberofspeciesgrowninSerapiumbyincludingaforestonthesite.Thatway,thebiodiversityofthecommercialforestwouldbeabletosupportagreaternumberofspecies,andhopefullybringinmoneyaswell.AlthoughtheSerapiumForestfacesalotofdifficulties,it’sstillgrowing—a500-acregreenwalltojointheothersintheworldinpreventingthesandsoftheworld’sdesertsfromspreading.8.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheSerapiumForest?A.ItwasbuiltbythepeopleofIsmailia. B.Itisindangerofbeingdestroyed.C.Itwasplantedtofightclimatechange. D.ItisthesmallestforestinEgypt.9.Whatdoestheauthortrytotalkaboutinthefourthparagraph?A.ThewayofusingwastewatertofeedtheSerapiumForest.B.Theinfluenceofgreenspaceoncities.C.Thevalueofthenewly-foundedSerapiumForest.D.Thepreparationforthegovernmentsettinguptheprogram.10.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutForestFinance’sSerapiumplan?A.Itraisesseriousdoubts. B.Ithasbeengoingsmoothly.C.Itencouragesthegovernmenttotakeaction. D.Itwillbringgreatbenefits.11.Wherecanyoureadthepassage?A.Inadiary. B.Inanaturemagazine.C.Inanovel. D.Inamathbook.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了埃及SerapiumForest項目用廢水在埃及沙漠中種植森林的意義?！敬鸢浮?.C9.A10.D11.B8．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheSerapiumForestistherichestofEgypt’s36areasthatmakeupaprogramtofightdesertificationbycreatingsustainablymanagedcommercialforestsfedcompletelybywastewater.(Serapium森林是埃及36個地區(qū)中最富饒的一個，這些地區(qū)組成了一個項目，通過建立完全由廢水喂養(yǎng)的可持續(xù)管理的商業(yè)森林來對抗荒漠化)”可知，建立SerapiumForest的目的是防止土地沙漠化、改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。故選C。9．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Afteradozen-milejourneytotheSerapiumForest,thewastewateristhenstoredundergroundwhereoxygenisfedintospeedupthebacterialpurificationprocess.Asystemofpipesthenspreadsthewastewaterthroughouttheforest.Andhumanwastewaterisstillrichinchemicalsevenafterbeingtreated.(經(jīng)過十幾英里的路程到達Serapium森林后，廢水被儲存在地下，在那里供氧以加速細菌凈化過程。然后，一個管道系統(tǒng)將廢水輸送到整個森林)”可知，該段主要介紹了人們是如何利用廢水來澆灌SerapiumForest的。故選A。10．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ForestFinancewantstoincreasethenumberofspeciesgrowninSerapiumbyincludingaforestonthesite.Thatway,thebiodiversityofthecommercialforestwouldbeabletosupportagreaternumberofspecies,andhopefullybringinmoneyaswell.(ForestFinance希望通過在該地點包括一片森林來增加Serapium種植的物種數(shù)量。這樣，商業(yè)森林的生物多樣性就能養(yǎng)活更多的物種，也有望帶來收入)”可知，F(xiàn)orestFinance的Serapium計劃將會在保護環(huán)境的同時為當(dāng)?shù)厝藥硎找?。故選D。11．【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是文章第三段中“TheSerapiumForestistherichestofEgypt’s36areasthatmakeupaprogramtofightdesertificationbycreatingsustainablymanagedcommercialforestsfedcompletelybywastewater.(Serapium森林是埃及36個地區(qū)中最富饒的一個，這些地區(qū)組成了一個項目，通過建立完全由廢水喂養(yǎng)的可持續(xù)管理的商業(yè)森林來對抗荒漠化)”可知，本文主要介紹了埃及SerapiumForest項目用廢水在埃及沙漠中種植森林的意義，故這篇文章因該是能在自然雜志上看到。故選B。DWhenyouwalkwithabackpack,doyouknowhowthethingsinsidemovefromsidetoside?Nowscientistshavefiguredouthowtotapintothatmovementtoproduceelectricity.Pictureapendulum(擺錘)fixedtoabackpackframeandstabilizedwithspringsoneitherside.Thepack’sweightisattachedtothependulum,sothependulumswingssidetosideasyouwalk.Thenamachineisdrivenbythatswingingmovement,andproduceselectricalcurrenttochargeabattery.VolunteerscarriedthepackwhilewalkingonarunningmachineandworemaskstomeasuretheflowofO2andCO2.Whenthevolunteerswerewalkingwiththeslightlyswinging20-poundload,thedevicedidnotsignificantlyaffecttheirmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratecomparedtowhentheycarriedthesameweightfixedinplace.Infact,theenergy-harvestingpackreducedtheforcesofaccelerationthey’dfeelinaregularpack,whichmightmeangreatercomfortforalonghike.Andthedevicedidproduceasteadytrickle(涓流)ofelectricity.Ifyouuptheloadto45pounds,itcouldfullychargeasmartphoneonlyafter12hours.ThedetailsareinthejournalRoyalSocietyOpenScience.Thedeviceproduceselectricityfromhumanmovementandhasbeenidentifiedasaworkablesolutiontoprovidingarenewableenergysourceforportableelectronicdevices.Itisparticularlyusefultothosewhoworkinremoteareas,asthesepeopleoftencarryalotofweightinabackpackfortheirexploration.Buthere’sarealconundrum:theenergy-harvestingdevicecurrentlyweighsfivepounds.Theresearcherssaythat’saboutfourpoundstoomanytobeasmartalternativetobatteries.Sotheyhopethatmoreresearchletsthemlightentheloadsothattheycanensurethepackchargesyourphoneupwithoutweighingyoudown.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Whatthedevicelookslike. B.Howthedeviceworks.C.Whothedeviceisdesignedfor. D.Whyscientistsdesignedthedevice.13.WhatcanweknowaboutthedevicefromParagraph3?A.Itwasuselessforalongwalk.B.Itfailedtoproducesteadyelectricity.C.RoyalSocietyOpenScienceconductedthestudyofthedevice.D.Itharvestedenergyasthevolunteerswalked.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conundrum”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Problem. B.Bond.C.Decision. D.Method.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FindingSmarterAlternativestoBatteriesB.TheDevelopmentofBackpacksC.ChargingBatteriesWhenCarryingBackpacksD.SearchingforNewWaystoChargeYourPhone【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種可以用來發(fā)電的背包，介紹了其工作原理以及存在的問題?！敬鸢浮?2.B13.D14.A15.C12．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Pictureapendulum(擺錘)fixedtoabackpackframeandstabilizedwithspringsoneitherside.Thepack’sweightisattachedtothependulum,sothependulumswingssidetosideasyouwalk.Thenamachineisdrivenbythatswingingmovement,andproduceselectricalcurrenttochargeabattery.(想象一個鐘擺固定在背包框架上，兩邊都有彈簧來穩(wěn)定。背包的重量與鐘擺相連，所以當(dāng)你走路時鐘擺會左右擺動。然后，由擺動運動驅(qū)動機器，產(chǎn)生電流給電池充電)”可知，第二段主要講了該設(shè)備的工作原理。故選B項。13．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenthevolunteerswerewalkingwiththeslightlyswinging20-poundload,thedevicedidnotsignificantlyaffecttheirmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratecomparedtowhentheycarriedthesameweightfixedinplace.Infact,theenergy-harvestingpackreducedtheforcesofaccelerationthey’dfeelinaregularpack,whichmightmeangreatercomfortforalonghike.Andthedevicedidproduceasteadytrickle(涓流)ofelectricity.(當(dāng)志愿者帶著20磅的負重輕微擺動時，與固定負重時相比，該設(shè)備對他們的代謝率沒有顯著影響。事實上，能量收集包減少了他們在普通背包中感受到的加速度，這可能意味著長距離徒步旅行更舒適。而且這個裝置確實產(chǎn)生了穩(wěn)定的電流)”可知，這個設(shè)備在志愿者行走時收集能量。故選D項。14．【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“theenergy-harvestingdevicecurrentlyweighsfivepounds.Theresearcherssaythat’saboutfourpoundstoomanytobeasmartalternativetobatteries.Sotheyhopethatmoreresearchletsthemlightentheloadsothattheycanensurethepackchargesyourphoneupwithoutweighingyoudown.(能量收集裝置目前重達五磅。研究人員說，大約四磅太多了，不能成為電池的明智替代品。因此，他們希望更多的研究能減輕他們的負擔(dān)，這樣他們就可以確保電池組為你的手機充電而不會給你帶來負擔(dān)。)”可知，下文說的是這個裝置的不足之處：太重了，需要改進。由此推知，conundrum指的“不足”，與problem同義。故選A項。15．【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Whenyouwalkwithabackpack,doyouknowhowthethingsinsidemovefromsidetoside?Nowscientistshavefiguredouthowtotapintothatmovementtoproduceelectricity.(當(dāng)你背著背包走路時，你知道里面的東西是如何左右移動的嗎？現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)找到了如何利用這種運動來發(fā)電的方法)”可知，文章主要介紹了一種可以用來發(fā)電的背包，介紹了工作原理以及存在的問題。所以“背背包時給電池充電”是文章最佳標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。It’snormalforfriendstoexperienceconflict,disagreements,andevenfight.Youcan’talwaysagreeoneverything.Mosttimesconflictwithafriendiseasilysolved.Butinsomecases,thedisagreementandtheconflictgrowleadingtoanger,sadnessandeventheendofafriendship.Learningtohandletheconflictwithfriendsinahealthywayisbeneficialforbothsides.___16___.Calmdown.Thefirstthingistocalmdown.___17___.Preventfurtherdamagetotherelationshipbytakingamomenttocalmdown.Getsomealonetime.Tellyourfriendthatyouneedamomenttoclearyourhead.Youcaneithergoforawalkorjusttakeawarmbath.___18___.Itmayfeelasifithelpsyouexplainyourconcernsmorethoroughlyifyoubringinrelatedexamplesfrompastevents.Avoidthisatallcosts.Pastissuesfordiscussiononlymakethingsworse.Rememberit’simportanttofocusontheissueathand,notpastevents.Worktowardsacompromise.Unfortunately,somepeoplebelievethatacompromisemeansa“l(fā)ose/losesituation”becauseeachpersonhastogiveupsomething.Whilethisistrue,everyhealthyrelationshipusuallyinvolvescompromiseandadjustingtoothers’needsorwants.___19___.Just“givealittle”toallowyourfriendto“getalittle”.Becarefulofunhealthyfriendships.It’sgenerallyagoodideatoworkthroughconflictswithfriends.Butitisn’tinyourbestinterestifthefriendshipcausesmoreharmthangood.___20___,youneedtore-evaluateifthisfriendshipisworthkeepingandconsiderwhentowalkaway.A.IttakestwotomakeitworkB.Inaheatedsituation,it’seasytosayordothingswelaterregretC.AvoidexplainingyourconcernsrepeatedlyD.RemainonthecurrentmatterE.HerearesometipsF.It’simportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewhopositivelyinfluenceyourlifeG.Ifyouareinafriendshipthatisbasedmoreonconflictoryouaretheonealwaysapologizing【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。作者介紹了四種處理與朋友之間沖突的正確方法?！敬鸢浮?6.E17.B18.D19.A20.G16．【解析】上文“Learningtohandletheconflictwithfriendsinahealthywayisbeneficialforbothsides.(學(xué)會以一種健康的方式處理與朋友的沖突對雙方都有益)”提示下文要講的是處理朋友間的沖突的健康方法，因此E項“這里有一些建議”概括本文主旨，故選E。17．【解析】下文“Preventfurtherdamagetotherelationshipbytakingamomenttocalmdown.(花點時間冷靜下來，以免進一步損害你們的關(guān)系)”說明可能造成損害關(guān)系的行為，與空格處是因果關(guān)系，因此B項“在緊張的情況下，很容易說出或做一些讓我們后來后悔的話”符合語境，故選B。18．【解析】下文“Rememberit’simportanttofocusontheissueathand,notpastevents.(記住，關(guān)注眼前的問題很重要，而不是過去的事件。)”說明本段主旨是關(guān)注眼前的問題，因此D項“保持在當(dāng)前的問題上”能夠概括本段主旨，故選D。19．【解析】上文“Whilethisistrue,everyhealthyrelationshipusuallyinvolvescompromiseandadjustingtoothers’needsorwants(雖然這是真的，但每一段健康的關(guān)系通常都包括妥協(xié)和適應(yīng)他人的需求或愿望)”說明健康的關(guān)系需要雙方的妥協(xié)，因此A項“需要兩個人才能成功”符合語境，與空格處是因果關(guān)系，故選A。20．【解析】下文“youneedtore-evaluateifthisfriendshipisworthkeepingandconsiderwhentowalkaway(你需要重新評估這段友誼是否值得保持，并考慮何時離開)”說明這種友誼是不合理的，是不健康的，是下文“重新評估這段友誼”的條件，因此G項“如果你的友誼更多地建立在沖突的基礎(chǔ)上，或者你是那個總是道歉的人”符合語境，故選G。第三部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplants,foldingclothes—thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofpleasure.ButIoftenfindmyself____21____thesetasks.IfI’mstuckinwriter’sblockwithadeadline____22____,I’llhavetoclearupthepapersplacedaroundmyoffice—andit’sthemost____23____Ifeelallday.I’mnot____24____inthis.Aswefacedthestresses,manypeoplereportedfindingnewinterestin____25____theirhomesasawayofdoingwithuncertainty.Therearemanypotentialmechanisms(機制)thatcanexplainthe____26____fromthesetasksandtheirbenefits—thesemayencourageyouto____27____theselittlejobsmoreoften.Littlechoresmaybeusefulbecausethey____28____themind,leadingustodevotefewerresourcestothethingsthat____29____us.Evenifwestrugglewithactivitiesthataremeanttohelpusrelax,wemayfindhouseholdtaskscanhelpus_____30_____thehereandnow.Butthisdependsonwhereweplaceour_____31_____.Inoneofthefewstudiesto_____32_____thementalhealthbenefitsofwashingthedishes,researchersdividedfifty-one_____33_____intotwogroups.Halfreadatextthatencouragedthemto_____34_____focustheirthoughtsontheactivity.Whilewashingthedishes,oneshouldbecompletely_____35_____ofthefactthatoneiswashingthedishes.The_____36_____arenotencouragedtoonlyfocustheirawarenessontheactivity.Afterwards,theparticipantstookaquestionnaireabouttheir_____37_____.Thosewhohadengagedwiththeexperiencereporteda_____38_____mood.Thisincluded_____39_____nervousness.Theyfeltlessanxious.Thesimpleactivityhad_____40_____theirminds.21.A.ignoring B.refusing C.avoiding D.enjoying22.A.closing B.disappearing C.approaching D.passing23.A.nervous B.relaxed C.disappointed D.uncomfortable24.A.alone B.scientific C.fit D.gifted25.A.givingup B.lookingafter C.turningoff D.cuttingdown26.A.pressure B.argument C.sickness D.pleasure27.A.cutoff B.engagein C.turnon D.putoff28.A.hurt B.pollute C.occupy D.challenge29.A.bother B.interest C.delight D.forgive30.A.invent B.appreciate C.misunderstand D.complain31.A.focus B.medal C.fault D.technology32.A.form B.deny C.simplify D.examine33.A.dishes B.counties C.participants D.tasks34.A.entirely B.hardly C.bravely D.suddenly35.A.afraid B.proud C.angry D.aware36.A.rest B.poor C.old D.young37.A.books B.hobbies C.feelings D.habits38.A.worse B.better C.lower D.unhealthier39.A.protecting B.increasing C.copying D.reducing40.A.trapped B.refreshed C.attacked D.exhausted【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是整理辦公桌、澆花、疊衣服這些家務(wù)事對改善人的情緒有益?！敬鸢浮?1.D22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.B28.C29.A30.B31.A32.D33.C34.A35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.B21．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡這些任務(wù)。A.ignoring忽視；B.refusing拒絕；C.avoiding避免；D.enjoying享受，喜歡。根據(jù)上文“thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofpleasure.”和“But”可知，作者是很享受做家務(wù)的。故選D。22．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果截稿日期臨近，我陷入了寫作的瓶頸，我就得清理辦公室周圍的文件——這是我一天中最放松的時候。A.closing關(guān)閉；B.disappearing消失；C.approaching接近；D.passing通過。根據(jù)上文“stuckinwriter’sblockwithadeadline”可知，此處表示截稿日期臨近。故選C。23．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.nervous緊張的；B.relaxed感到放松的；C.disappointed感到失望的；D.uncomfortable不舒服的。根據(jù)上文“ButIoftenfindmyself________thesetasks.”可知，當(dāng)截稿日期臨近時，作者覺得清理辦公室周圍的文件可以讓作者放松，所以作者是喜歡做些這種清理東西的小任務(wù)的。故選B。24．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我并不是獨自一人。A.alone獨自的；B.scientific科學(xué)的；C.fit適合的；D.gifted有天賦的。根據(jù)下文“Aswefacedthestresses,manypeoplereportedfindingnewinterestin________theirhomesasawayofdoingwithuncertainty.”可知，作者并不是靠做些小任務(wù)來放松的唯一的人，也就是作者并不是一個人。故選A。25．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們面對壓力時，許多人報告說，他們對照顧自己的家產(chǎn)生了新的興趣，這是一種應(yīng)對不確定性的方式。A.givingup放棄；B.lookingafter照顧；C.turningoff關(guān)閉；D.cuttingdown砍到，削減。根據(jù)第一段的“Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplants,foldingclothes-thesehouseholdchores”和空后的“theirhomes”可知，此處是指人們通過做些家務(wù)來照顧自己的家。故選B。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有許多潛在的機制可以解釋從這些任務(wù)中獲得的樂趣和它們的好處——這些可能會鼓勵你更頻繁地從事這些小工作。A.pressure壓力；B.argument爭論；C.sickness疾?。籇.pleasure快樂。根據(jù)上文“thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofpleasure.ButIoftenfindmyself_______thesetasks.”可知，作者認為從這些任務(wù)中能獲得快樂。故選D。27．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.cutoff切斷；B.engagein從事，參與；C.turnon打開；D.putoff推遲。根據(jù)上文“Therearemanypotentialmechanisms(機制)thatcanexplainthe______fromthesetasksandtheirbenefits”可知，獲得的快樂可能會鼓勵你更頻繁地從事這些小任務(wù)。故選B。28．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：小雜務(wù)可能是有用的，因為它們占據(jù)了我們的思想，使我們把更少的資源投入到那些讓我們煩惱的事情上。A.hurt使受傷；B.pollute污染；C.occupy占據(jù)；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eadingustodevotefewerresourcestothethingsthat_____us.”可知，一些小雜務(wù)會占據(jù)我們的思想。故選C。29．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.bother打擾；B.interest使感興趣；C.delight使高興；D.forgive原諒。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)eadingustodevotefewerresourcestothethings”可知，當(dāng)我們做一些占據(jù)我們思想的小雜務(wù)時，我們會把更少的資源投入到困擾我們的事情上，空格處意為“打擾，煩擾”。故選A。30．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：即使我們對那些旨在幫助我們放松的活動感到掙扎，我們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)家務(wù)可以幫助我們欣賞此時此地。A.invent發(fā)明；B.appreciate欣賞，感激；C.misunderstand誤解；D.complain抱怨。根據(jù)上文“Evenifwestrugglewithactivitiesthataremeanttohelpusrelax”中的evenif可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)該選擇感情色彩比較好的詞，appreciate“欣賞”符合題意。故選B。31．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這取決于我們把重點放在哪里。A.focus中心點，重點；B.medal獎?wù)?，勛章；C.fault失誤；D.technology科技。根據(jù)“Halfreadatextthatencouragedthemto_______focustheirthoughtsontheactivity.”可知，接下來的實驗要說明人們把重點擺放的地方和雜務(wù)對他們的影響的關(guān)系，因此此處表示“這取決于我們把重點放在哪里”。故選A。32．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在為數(shù)不多的幾項調(diào)查洗碗對心理健康益處的研究中，研究人員將51名參與者分為兩組。A.form形成；B.deny否認；C.simplify使簡化；D.examine檢查。根據(jù)“thementalhealthbenefitsofwashingthedishes”可知，研究是為了調(diào)查洗碗對心理健康益處。故選D。33．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.dishes盤子，一道菜；B.counties縣；C.participants參與者；D.tasks任務(wù)。根據(jù)下文“Afterwards,theparticipantstookaquestionnaire”可知，此處是信息詞“participants”的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。34．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：其中一半人讀了一篇鼓勵他們把注意力完全集中在活動上的文章。A.entirely完全地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.bravely勇敢地；D.suddenly突然。根據(jù)下文“oneshouldbecompletely________ofthefactthatoneiswashingthedishes.”可知，此處表示“其中一半人讀了一篇鼓勵他們把注意力完全集中在活動上的文章”。故選A。35．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在洗碗的時候，一個人應(yīng)該完全意識到自己在洗碗。A.afraid害怕的；B.proud驕傲的；C.angry生氣的；D.aware意識到的。根據(jù)上文“Halfreadatextthatencouragedthemto________focustheirthoughtsontheactivity.”可知，此處表示人們要完全意識到自己在洗碗。故選D。36．【解析】考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不鼓勵其他人只把他們的意識集中在活動上。A.rest剩余的（人或事物）；B.poor貧窮的；C.old老的；D.young年輕的。根據(jù)“Halfreadatextthat…”可知，此處指剩下的一半?yún)⑴c者。故選A。37．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：之后，參與者填寫了一份關(guān)于他們感受的問卷。A.books書；B.hobbies愛好；C.feelings感情；D.habits習(xí)慣。根據(jù)下文“Thosewhohadengagedwiththeexperiencereporteda________mood.Thisincluded_______nervousness.Theyfeltlessanxious.”可知，參與者被要求填寫一份關(guān)于他們感受的問卷。故選C。38．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那些參與體驗的人報告說心情更好。A.worse更差的；B.better更好的；C.lower更低的；D.unhealthier更不健康的。根據(jù)下文“Thisincluded_______nervousness.Theyfeltlessanxious.”可知，參與者的心情變得更好了。故選B。39．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這包括減少緊張。A.protecting保護；B.increasing增長；C.copying復(fù)制；D.reducing減少。根據(jù)上文“Thosewhohadengagedwiththeexperiencereporteda_______mood.”和“nervousness”可知，參與者的情緒更好了，所以是緊張減少了。故選D。40．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個簡單的活動使他們精神振奮。A.trapped困住；B.refreshed刷新，使恢復(fù)精力；C.attacked攻擊；D.exhausted使筋疲力盡。根據(jù)上文“Thisincluded______nervousness.Theyfeltlessanxious.”可知，簡單的活動讓他們感覺減少了緊張和焦慮，也就是說好像這些活動使他們頭腦煥然一新，因此空格處是refreshed。故選B。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FujianTulouisauniquelarge-scalerammedearth(夯土)residentialbuildinginamountainousarea,aswellasamasterpieceofcreativearchitecture.Tulou___41___(show)areasonablelayout(布局),forittakesadvantageofthesmallflatlandinthemountainsskillfully,___42___followstheconceptoftraditionalChinesearchitecturaldesign.Tulouhasdiverse___43___(style)ofshape.Thesquarebuilding,roundbuildingandwufengbuildingarethethreemostcommonpatterns.___44___them,theroundbuilding’sventilation(通風(fēng)),lighting,anti-typhoonandearthquake,aswellasthedefensefunctionisthebest.The___45___(special)styleisthelargecircularbuildingwhichisfiveorsixfloorshigh.Therearebuildingsinthebuilding,andtheoutsidebui