2021新高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)必修3Unit2Healthyeating

Unit2Healthyeating課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀(2020·“皖豫聯(lián)盟體”高中畢業(yè)班第一次考試)Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?Ofcourseyoudo!Doyoueatitanyway?Ofcourseyoudo!Butanewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodpaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofightback—byeatinghealthier.Thepullofjunkfoodcanbesuper-strong.It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.Yetwekeepeatingjunkfood.ProfessorChristopherBryansays,“Foodpanieswantyoutowantjunkfood.”Theyspendmillionsofdollarsingupwithnewwaystopromotejunkfoodconsumption.Theyhirescientiststomakenewjunkfoodalmostirresistible.Theymightdothis,forexample,byaddingmoresugar.Ratsfedjunkfoodforsixweekswillevenwalkacrossafloorthatgivesthemelectricshocksjusttogetmoreofsuchfood.Foodadsoftenmakeunhealthyjunkfoodseemhealthybyfeaturingprofessionalathletes,fit-lookingpopstarsandsmiling,activeteens.“Wethoughtwhenthestudentslearnedthis,itwouldmattertothem，”Bryansays.Heworkedwith8thgradersataTexasschool.HalfofthemgotalessonBryancreated.Itfocusedonthewaysjunkfoodisadvertised,ormarketed.Asecondgroupreceivedlessonsthatfocusedonhealth.Theselessonsinformedstudentsjunkfoodisbad,andthatfoodslikeapplesorcarrotsareabetterchoice.Thestudentslearnedabaddietcanleadtomajorweightgain，andthatbeingoverweightputspeopleatriskforseriousdiseases.Theyalsolearnedhoweatingwellnowcankeepthemhealthywhenthey'reolder.Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，讓青少年了解食品公司的推銷方式比單純告訴他們垃圾食品的危害更能讓他們選擇健康的飲食。1．WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A．Toexpresshisdoubtsaboutjunkfood.B．Topromotetheideaofhealthyeating.C．Todescribethesituationofjunkfood.D．Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.答案：D推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可以推斷，文章第一段中提及那兩個(gè)問題是為了引出本文要討論的話題。2．Whatremainsagreathealthchallengetodoctors?A．Makingpeopledomoreexercise.B．Makingpeopleeathealthily.C．Makingpeopleloseweight.D．Makingpeoplepreferjunkfood.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，這使吃得好成為一個(gè)巨大的健康挑戰(zhàn)，從醫(yī)生到政府每一個(gè)人都一直在努力應(yīng)對(duì)這一挑戰(zhàn)。由此可知，對(duì)醫(yī)生而言，讓人們吃得健康依然是一個(gè)巨大的健康挑戰(zhàn)。3．WhatmessagedoesParagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?A．Whatmakesjunkfoodalmostimpossibletoresist.B．Whatinfluencesjunkfoodcanhaveonconsumers.C．Howfoodpaniestrytogetpeopletoreachforjunkfood.D．Whyfoodpaniespromotetheconsumptionofjunkfood.答案：C推理判斷題。文章第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消費(fèi)者吃垃圾食品”，緊接著說(shuō)到“他們(食品公司)花巨資想辦法推廣垃圾食品，聘請(qǐng)科學(xué)家制作令人無(wú)法抗拒的垃圾食品”，接著還舉例說(shuō)“他們可能會(huì)往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推斷，作者在本段主要是想告訴讀者，食品公司是如何想方設(shè)法讓人們?nèi)コ岳称返摹?．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBryan'slessons?A．Shocking. B．Popular.C．Effective. D．Abstract.答案：C推理判斷題。文章第四段主要介紹Bryan給德克薩斯州的一所學(xué)校的八年級(jí)學(xué)生們上的課。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.”可知，課后當(dāng)這些孩子被問及他們對(duì)垃圾食品的看法時(shí)，大多數(shù)人對(duì)這些不健康的食品都持消極的看法。由此可以推斷，Bryan的課是有效的?！驹~匯積累】①irresistibleadj.極誘人的；忍不住想要的②featurev.由……主演③matterto對(duì)……重要【長(zhǎng)難句分析】Butanewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodpaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofightback—byeatinghealthier.但是一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，告訴青少年食品公司如何欺騙他們，讓他們認(rèn)為垃圾食品很酷，可以鼓勵(lì)孩子們通過(guò)更健康的飲食進(jìn)行反擊。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。shows后面是一個(gè)省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句；在這個(gè)從句中，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)teachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodpaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscool作主語(yǔ)，其中ways后跟一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系詞的定語(yǔ)從句foodpaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscool，此定語(yǔ)從句中thinking后又跟一個(gè)省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句。Ⅱ.完形填空Manyyearsago,threehungrysoldiersarrivedatasmallvillage.Thevillage's,sufferingapoorharvestandyearsofwar,quickly1thefood.Thesoldierssaid,“Youhavenothing,soweshallsharewhatwehave:The2ofhowtomakesoupfromstones.”Thevillagersbecame3andsoonafirewasputtothevillager'sgreatestpotasthesoldierscarefully4threestones.“Nowthiswillbeafinesoup，”saidthesoldiers,“5somesaltandparsleywouldmakeitmore6！”Awomansaid,“I'vegotsome！”O(jiān)ffsheran.7withahandfulofparsley.Asthepotboiledon,carrots,beefandcreamhadsoon8theirwayintothepot.Thesoldiersateanddancedandsangwellintothenight,9bythemealandtheirnewly-madefriends.Thenextmorning,theyawoketo10theentirevillagersstandingbeforethemwiththeirbestbreadandcheese.“Youhavegivenusthegreatest11，”saidanelder,“andweshallneverforgetit.”Thesoldiersturnedtothe12，andsaid,“Thereisnosecretbutonethingis13：Itisonlyby14thatwemaymakeafeast.”Andoffthe15wandered,downtheroadtotheirnextdestination.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了三個(gè)士兵如何巧用石頭做湯，從而告訴我們：在分享中獲得快樂。1．A.ate B．presentedC．hid D．sold答案：C經(jīng)歷了莊稼欠收和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)蹂躪的村民們，對(duì)士兵有防范之心，把糧食都藏(hide)起來(lái)了，故選C。2．A.importance B．secretC．problem D．matter答案：B根據(jù)第四段中的“Thereisnosecretbutonethingis...”可知，三個(gè)士兵要向村民們展示如何用石頭做湯的秘訣(secret)，故選B。3．A.curious B．scaredC．worried D．content答案：A士兵說(shuō)能用石頭做湯，村民們自然是非常好奇的(curious)，故選A。4．A.pickedup B．droppedinC．lookedback D．madesure答案：Bpickup“撿起來(lái)”；dropin“投入”；lookback“回顧”；makesure“確信”。此處指三個(gè)士兵小心翼翼地往鍋里放入三塊石頭，故選B。5．A.asif B．incaseC．inthat D．ifonly答案：D士兵們說(shuō)道，“這會(huì)是一鍋好湯，要是(ifonly)有點(diǎn)鹽和西芹就好了。”asif“好像”；incase“萬(wàn)一”；inthat“因?yàn)椤保蔬xD。6．A.disgusting B．hardC．wonderful D．harmful答案：C根據(jù)下文的提示可知，若要是有點(diǎn)鹽和西芹，味道就更美了(wonderful)，故選C。7．A.Returning B．LeavingC．Dealing D．Figuring答案：A上一句提到這位女士跑走了，現(xiàn)在拿著西芹回來(lái)了(return)，故選A。8．A.fought B．toldC．found D．lost答案：Cfindone'sway“找到路”；fightone'sway“打出一條路”；loseone'sway“迷路”。本句為幽默的表達(dá)手法，將人們主動(dòng)投入食材到湯鍋中，寫成就像這些食材認(rèn)路一樣，故選C。9．A.refreshed B．a(chǎn)larmedC．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．a(chǎn)mused答案：Arefresh“恢復(fù)精神”；alarm“警告”；annoy“煩人”；amuse“使發(fā)笑”。吃飽了，士兵們的精神恢復(fù)了，故選A。10．A.keep B．recognizeC．expect D．discover答案：D第二天醒來(lái)，士兵們發(fā)現(xiàn)(discover)全村的村民們都站在他們的面前，拿著最好的面包和奶酪，故選D。11．A.answer B．hopeC．gift D．a(chǎn)dvice答案：C一位長(zhǎng)者說(shuō)，你們送給了我們最好的禮物(gift)，故選C。12．A.crowd B．familyC．strangers D．panions答案：A根據(jù)上下文的提示，士兵轉(zhuǎn)向人群(crowd)，故選A。13．A.funny B．doubtfulC．different D．certain答案：D士兵告訴村民，石頭湯沒有什么秘訣，但是有一樣?xùn)|西是確信無(wú)疑的(certain)，故選D。14．A.distributing B．sharingC．a(chǎn)ppreciating D．donating答案：Bdistribute“分發(fā)”；share“分享”；appreciate“感恩”；donate“捐贈(zèng)”?？偨Y(jié)上文，大家都把食材放到湯鍋中，大家一起享用美食，這就是分享，故選B。15．A.villagers B．eldersC．locals D．soldiers答案：D士兵們(soldiers)離開了，沿著路，朝著下一個(gè)目的地走去。wanderoff表示“離開”，故選D。Ⅲ.七選五OneoftheHealthiestFoodsonthePlanet(2020·河南省平頂山市高三階段性檢測(cè))Thereisprobablynoflowermorehated,ormisunderstood,thanthebrightyellowdandelion(蒲公英).1Inanefforttohavetheperfectgreengrasslawn,peopletrytheirbesttokillalldandelionswithchemicalproducts.Ortheydigthemoutattheroots—onlytoseethemgrowrightback.2TheyareagreatsourceofvitaminKandalsoareagoodsourceofvitaminsAandC.TheyalsohavevitaminE,folateandsmallamountsofotherBvitamins.Also,theyprovidelotsofiron,calcium,magnesiumandpotassium.Besidesnutrition,anothergreatthingaboutdandelionsisthatyoucaneateverypartofthem—fromthebottomoftherootstothetopoftheflower.3Donoteatonesthathavebeentreatedwithdangerouschemicalsoraregrowingnearhightrafficareas.Dandelionsaresaidtoprovideseveralpossiblehealthbenefitssuchashelpingindigestionandimprovingsomeskinconditions.Theymayalsoreduceinflammation(炎癥)．Childreninmanypartsoftheworldhavehadthesimplepleasureofblowingthesoft,whitedandeliontops.4Infact,thereisagamechildrenplaywithdandelionsthathavegonetoseed.Pickthewhitetop,makeawish,closeyoureyesandblow!Ifyoublowalloftheseedsoffinonebreath,yourwishwilletrue!5A．Well,thatiswhatmanychildrenbelieve.B．Theywatchtheseedsfloateasilyintheair.C．Atleasttheseedshavetraveledfarandwide.D．Justmakesuretotakecarewhenpickingwilddandelions.E．Youcanletmoreofthisnutritiousfoodsourcecontinuetogrow.F．Dandelionsareactuallyoneofthemostnutritiousfoodsintheworld.G．IntheUnitedStates,theyareconsidered“weeds”，thenameforanyunwantedplant.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了蒲公英的益處。蒲公英實(shí)際上是世界上最有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物之一。它們是維生素K的重要來(lái)源，也是維生素A和C的良好來(lái)源。它們還含有維生素E和少量其他維生素B。1．G根據(jù)后面的“peopletrytheirbesttokillalldandelions”可知，人們千方百計(jì)消滅所有的蒲公英。由此推知，在美國(guó)，蒲公英被認(rèn)為是“雜草”，是指那些不想要的植物。故選G。2．F根據(jù)后面“TheyareagreatsourceofvitaminKandalsoareagoodsourceofvitaminsAandC.(它們是維生素K的重要來(lái)源，也是維生素A和C的良好來(lái)源。)”可知，討論的是蒲公英所含的各種維生素。由此推知，本段介紹的是蒲公英實(shí)際上是世界上最有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物之一。故選F。3．D根據(jù)后面的“Donoteatonesthathavebeentreatedwithdangerouschemicalsoraregrowingnearhightrafficareas.(不要吃那些經(jīng)過(guò)危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品處理或生長(zhǎng)在交通繁忙地區(qū)附近的蒲公英。)”可推測(cè)此處為說(shuō)明采摘野生蒲公英時(shí)一定要小心。故選D。4．B根據(jù)前面的“Childreninmanypartsoftheworldhavehadthesimplepleasureofblowingthesoft,whitedandeliontops.(世界上許多地方的孩子都有吹蒲公英的簡(jiǎn)單樂趣。)”可知，此處承接上文，說(shuō)明孩子喜歡吹蒲公英的表現(xiàn)有：他們看著種子輕松地漂浮在空中。故選B。5．A根據(jù)前面的“Ifyoublowalloftheseedsoffinonebreath,yourwishwilletrue!(如果你一口氣吹掉所有的種子，你的愿望就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)！)”可知，此處承接上文，指出許多孩子相信吹掉所有種子愿望就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選A。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Thefoodweeatseemstohaveagreateffectonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadebigstepsinmakingfoodfittertoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofhumanillnessisrelatedtofoodandfortypercentofcanceriscausedbyfood.Thisisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,someresearchersrealisedthatthingsmonlyusedtokeepcoloursinmeatandotherfoodadditives(添加劑)caused