高中英語選修六Unit-3-Grammar-the-use-of-it

Grammar

Theuseof“it”it作代詞一.it作形式主語二.It作形式賓語三.it特殊句型四.it常用的固定搭配

2.Itisnogoodsmoking.3.Itislikelythathewillbecomeaddictedtoit.1.Itisbadtosmoke.一、it用作形式主語用以平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用it來替代作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。

對于我們來說，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語很必要。Itisnecessary____ustoworkhardonEnglish.for你把真相說出來了，真老實(shí)。Itishonest___youtotellmethetruth.ofToworkhardonEnglishisnecessaryforus.Youarehonesttotellmethetruth.It’s+adj+of/forsb.todosth〔1〕Itisadj.forsb.todosth.Itisillegalforhimtodriveacarwithoutalicense.1.替代作主語的動(dòng)詞不定式此處adj.通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy，difficult，hard，tough，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…

Todriveacarwithoutalicenseisillegalforhim.〔2〕Itisadj.ofsb.todosth.It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.此處adj.通常為描述人的形容詞：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，selfless，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy,generous,etc.Youarekindtohelpmewiththeproblem.1.替代作主語的動(dòng)詞不定式Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoing…Itis(well)worthdoing…Itisawasteofmoney/time/energydoing…It‘s(well)worthwhiledoing/todo…It’sgreatfundoing…2.It替代作主語的動(dòng)名詞的常見句型It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水難收3.it作形式主語替代主語從句

ItisamazingthatatmyageI’mstillfitenoughtocycle20kminanafternoon.

ItisobviousthatJames’grandpalivesaveryactiveandhealthylife.

Itisstillaquestionwhetherwewillholdthemeetingasplanned.①Itisadj.+clause(important,vital,necessary,surprising,amazing,natural,ridiculous,unbelievable,etc)saidreportedbelievedItisthoughtthat...knowntoldhoped“據(jù)說〔據(jù)報(bào)道…〕”②Itisv-edthat…=sb./sth.isv-edto…Itissaidthathehasgoneabroadforfurthereducation.=Heissaidtohavegoneabroadforfurthereducation.③Itis+noun+從句apityashameItisanhonorthat...afactasurprisenowondercommonsenseItisapitythathe(should)misssuchagoodchance.Itisapitythatheisillandwillmisssuchagoodchance.

(ashame,apity)1.Ithink

itnousearguingwithhim.2.Ifound

itveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.3.Hemadeitarulethataftersupperhewouldwalkhisdogforhalfanhour.4.Ihateitwhenitrains.5.Ienjoyitifyoucanhelpme.二、it作形式賓語常用的動(dòng)詞有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,enjoy,hate等1.Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that/who+句子其他局部2.Ittakessb…todosth3.Itisone’sturntodosth4.Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsbhave/hasdone…Itwasthefirst/secondtimethatsb.haddone…5.Itseems/looks/appearsthat/asif…6.Ithit/struck/occurredtosbthat…7.It’suptosbtodo…8.Itis/was+時(shí)間段+since…9.Itwas/willbe+時(shí)間段+before…10.Iwouldappreciateitif…11.It’s(high)timethatsb.過去式/shoulddo…三.it特殊句型Itis(was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that(who)+句子其他局部判斷方法？〔一〕強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)局部必須是對that/who之后句子的某一成分表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果把“Itis(was)...that”去掉，該句應(yīng)該意思完整，不缺任何句子成分：

1.Isit__whowantstoseeyou?A.himB.heC.hisD.himself

B2.Itwas__whorespectedalltheirteachers.

A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselves

C3.-WhoisMary?

-Wasit__thatyoureferredto?

A.heB.sheC.herD.they

C強(qiáng)調(diào)局部如果是人稱代詞，應(yīng)根據(jù)句子需要選擇它的主格或賓格形式1.It___MikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.

A.wasB.areC.wereD.hadbeen

2.It___atChristmasthatJohnSmithgaveMaryahandbag.

A.musthaveB.willbeC.mighthavebeenD.mayhavehad

注意謂語動(dòng)詞形式與整個(gè)句子語境的一致性

CA〔二〕強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為疑問詞時(shí)：1.___electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife?

A.WhywasitthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat

B2.Whowasit__wantedtoseemejustnow?

A.thatB.whyC.whenD.when

A3.__youmettheforeignerfromCanada?

A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat

C.WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat

C強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為疑問代詞或疑問副詞時(shí)，該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問句句型相同，即：“疑問詞+一般疑問句”

〔三〕被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為"notuntil"句型：1.Itwasnotuntillateintheevening___herhusbandarrivedhome.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how

C2.Itwasnotuntil1920__regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.since

CHerhusbanddidn’tarrivehomeuntillateintheevening.

Theregularradiobroadcastsdidn’tbeginuntil1920.

注意“not...until”句型的變化。比較以下三個(gè)句子：

1.Shedidn'trememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntilshehadarrivedhome.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句2.Itwas

notuntil

shehadarrivedhomethatsherememberedherappointmentwiththedoctor.

3.Notuntilshehadarrivedhomedidsherememberherappointmentwiththedoctor.

3.Notuntil

Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.1)Notuntil2)Itwas

notuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

shetookoffherdarkglasses

didIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.

改為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)1.Themeetingwillnotbeginuntileveryoneisseated.

Itisnotuntileveryoneisseatedthatthemeetingwillbegin.Whyisitthathecamelateforthemeeting?

2.Whydidhecomelateforthemeeting?

3.Howdidyoufindhishouse?

Howwasitthatyoufoundhishouse?

1.Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that/who+句子其他局部2.Ittakessb…todosth3.Itisone’sturntodosth4.Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsbhave/hasdone…Itwasthefirst/secondtimethatsb.haddone…5.Itseems/looks/appearsthat/asif…6.Ithit/struck/occurredtosbthat…7.It’suptosbtodo…8.Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since…9.Itwas/willbe+時(shí)間段+before…10.Iwouldappreciateitif…11.It’s(high)timethat…四.it特殊句型9.Itwas/willbe+時(shí)間段+before從句

(一段時(shí)間)后…就/才…

Itwassometimebeforehecouldspeak.ItwasnotlongbeforeIrealizedmymistake.

1.Ihate___whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Inwhichplayis___yourbrotherwillappear?thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhere3.___theharderyouwork,thebetterresultyou’llget.A.It’sbelievedthatB.WhatwebelievedthatC.It’sfactD.WhatthefactisACA4.Nothingcanstopus,___?can’titB.canitC.can’tweD.canwe5.-Canyoutellushowthewarwaswonintheend?-Idon’tknow,___.It’shardtosayB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.It’snousesayingD.Itdependsonthework6.Does___matteralotwhethershewillcomeherebybusorbytaxi?thethingB.thatC.itD.hermotherACB10.___nowprettylate,wetookcandlesandwentupstairs.A.BeingB.ForC.ForbeingD.Itbeing11.Ourfoodandservicearebetterthan_____usedtobe.itB.weC.theyD.them12.Theteachertoldthestudents____.A.whytolearnEnglishimportantB.whywasitimportanttolearnEnglishC.whyitimportanttolearnEnglishD.whyitwasimportanttolearnEnglishDCD13.TheTVsetsmadeinChinaaremuchbetterthan______inJapan.thatB.thoseC.themD.it14.-I’mlookingforaflat.-Wouldyoulike__with__garden?A.it;theB.it;aC.one;aD.one;the15.___fouryearssinceIjoinedtheArmy.A.ItwasB.ItisC.ThereisD.TherewasBCB四、It常用的固定搭配

makeit〔1〕在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于succeed，表示：成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時(shí)到達(dá)例

It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.〔2〕在口語中相當(dāng)于fixthedatefor，表示“約定好時(shí)間”例

—Shallwemeetnextweek？—OK.Wej