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HowtopreventCOVID-19EnglishCATALOGUE目錄LearnaboutCOVID-19MeasurestopreventCOVID-19BoostingimmunityVaccinationDetectionandtreatmentofCOVID-1901LearnaboutCOVID-19Thevirusisstableforseveralhourstodaysonsurfacesandinaerosols,dependingonenvironmentalconditions.StabilityThevirusissensitivetoheat,ultravioletlight,andsomedisinfectants.ResistanceViralcharacteristicsDirectcontactTheviruscanbetransmittedwhenaninfectedpersoncoughs,sneezes,orspeaks,anddropletsfromtheirmouthornosecomeintocontactwiththeeyes,nose,ormouthofanotherperson.IndirectcontactTheviruscanalsobetransmittedwhenaninfectedpersontouchesasurfaceorobjectthatisthentouchedbyanotherperson.CommunicationmethodsAhightemperature(≥37.5°C)thatmayspiketo≥39°C.FeverAdrycoughoronewithphlegm.CoughDifficultybreathingthatmayoccurwithexertionoratrest.ShortnessofbreathExtremetirednessthatmakesitdifficulttoperformdailyactivities.FatigueSymptommanifestations02MeasurestopreventCOVID-19DailyprotectivemeasuresRegularlycleananddisinfectsurfaces:Frequentlycleananddisinfectsurfacesthataretouchedoften,suchasdoorhandles,faucets,andcountertops.Useahouseholdcleaningsprayorwipesthatareeffectiveagainstthecoronavirus.Maintainpersonalhygiene:Washyourhandsfrequentlywithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds,especiallyaftertouchingpublicsurfacesorbeinginpublicplaces.Ifsoapandwaterarenotavailable,useanalcohol-basedhandsanitizerthatisatleast60%alcohol.Coveryourmouthandnose:Whencoughingorsneezing,coveryourmouthandnosewithatissueorflexedelbowtopreventdropletsfromspreading.Disposeofthetissueina封閉的垃圾箱immediatelyafteruse.Avoidclosecontact:Stayatleast6feetawayfrompeoplewhoarecoughing,sneezing,orexhibitingothersymptomsofCOVID-19toreducetheriskoftransmission.Avoidclosecontactwithpeopleoutsideyourhouseholdtoreducethespreadofthevirus.保持在至少6英尺（約2米）的距離。MaintainphysicaldistanceAvoidattendinglargegatheringsoreventswherepeoplearecrowdedtogether.Thisisespeciallyimportantforpeoplewhoareathigherriskofgettingsick,suchastheelderlyandthosewithunderlyinghealthconditions.AvoidgatheringsSocialdistanceWearamaskWearamaskthatcoversyourmouthandnoseinpublicplaceswheresocialdistancingisdifficulttomaintain.Makesuretowearthemaskcorrectly,coveringyourmouthandnosewithoutanygaps.ProperlydisposeofthemaskWhenyouremovethemask,makesuretohandleitcarefullyanddisposeofitina封閉的垃圾箱immediatelyafteruse.Donotre-useorsharemasks.wearamaskFrequenthandwashingRegularlywashyourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds,especiallyafterbeinginpublicplacesortouchingpublicsurfaces.Ifsoapandwaterarenotavailable,useanalcohol-basedhandsanitizerthatisatleast60%alcohol.Handwashing的重要性HandwashingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystopreventthespreadofviruseslikeCOVID-19.Itremovesvirusesfromthehandsandpreventsthemfrombeingtransmittedtoothersthroughtouch.washhandsmoreoftenAvoidtouchingyoureyes,nose,andmouth:Thebestwaytopreventvirusesfromenteringyourbodyistoavoidtouchingyourface.Yourhandsoftentouchsurfacesthatmaybecontaminatedwiththevirus,soitisimportanttoavoidtouchingyoureyes,nose,andmouthtoreducetheriskofinfection.Avoidtouchingtheface03BoostingimmunityAbalanceddietIncorporateavarietyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanprotein,andhealthyfatsintoyourmeals.EatplentyofantioxidantsAntioxidantshelpfightfreeradicalsandreduceoxidativestress,whichcanweakentheimmunesystem.Foodsrichinantioxidantsincludeblueberries,cranberries,anddarkchocolate.DrinkplentyofwaterStayhydratedtohelpmaintainthehealthofyourimmunesystem.AhealthydietExerciseregularly01Physicalactivitycanhelpstrengthentheimmunesystembyimprovingcirculationandreducingstresslevels.Stretchingandflexibility02Incorporateflexibilityandbalanceexercisesintoyourroutinetopreventfallsandinjuries.Reduceintenseexercise03Avoidstrenuousexerciseinhigh-riskenvironmentstominimizeyourexposuretogermsandviruses.ModerateexerciseGetenoughrestSleepisessentialforphysicalandmentalrecovery,aswellasmaintainingarobustimmunesystem.SticktoaregularsleepscheduleGoingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeverydayhelpsregulateyourbodyclockandimprovesleepquality.AvoidscreensforatleastanhourbeforebedThebluelightfromscreenscan干擾睡眠，sodimthelightsandputdownelectronicdevicestopromotebettersleep.Adequatesleep010203ManagestressChronicstresscanweakentheimmunesystemandincreaseyourriskofgettingsick.Userelaxationtechniques,suchasdeepbreathing,yoga,ormeditation,toreducestresslevels.ConnectwithothersSocialisolationandlonelinesscanhaveanegativeimpactonmentalhealthandimmunefunction.Usevideoconferencingtoolsorphonecallstostayconnectedwithfamilyandfriends.Practiceself-carePrioritizeself-carebytakingtimeforhobbies,journaling,orotheractivitiesthatpromoterelaxationandwell-being.Maintainagoodpsychologicalstate04VaccinationThesevaccinesusegeneticmaterialtotrainthebodytorecognizetheSARS-CoV-2virus.Pfizer-BioNTechandModernaarethemostwell-knownmRNAvaccines.ThesevaccinesuseaharmlessvirustocarrygeneticmaterialfromtheSARS-CoV-2virus,whichthentriggersanimmuneresponseinthebody.AstraZeneca,Johnson&Johnson,andSputnikVareexamplesofviralvectorvaccines.ThesevaccinesuseaninactivatedversionoftheSARS-CoV-2virustotriggeranimmuneresponse.SinovacandSinopharmareexamplesofinactivatedvaccines.mRNAvaccinesViralvectorvaccinesInactivatedvaccinesVaccinetypesandvaccinationmethodsReducedriskofsevereillnessVaccinationsignificantlyreducestheriskofdevelopingsevereCOVID-19,whichcanleadtohospitalizationordeath.LessseveresymptomsPeoplewhoarevaccinatedtendtohavelessseveresymptomsiftheybecomeinfectedwiththevirus,reducingthelikelihoodofrequiringmedicalcare.ProtectionforothersVaccinationnotonlyprotectstheindividualbutalsohelpsreducethespreadofthevirustoothers,particularlythosewhoareathigherriskofsevereillnessduetoageorunderlyinghealthconditions.ThebenefitsofvaccinationDonottakethevaccineifyouhavehadasevereallergicreactiontoanycomponentofthevaccineorafteranypreviousvaccinedose.Notifyyourhealthcareproviderifyouhaveanyallergiesorseverechronichealthconditionsbeforereceivingthevaccine.Stayatthevaccinationsiteforobservationforaperiodoftimeafterreceivingthevaccinetoensurethattherearenoimmediatereactions.Precautionsforvaccination05DetectionandtreatmentofCOVID-19VSRT-PCRtestingisthemostcommonlyusedmethodforCOVID-19detection.Itinvolvescollectingnasopharyngealswabsandsendingthemtoalaboratoryfortesting.TheresultsofRT-PCRtestingareusuallyavailablewithin24-48hours.AntigentestingAntigentestingisanothermethodusedtodetectCOVID-19.ItislesssensitivebutfasterthanRT-PCRtesting,andtheresultsareavailableinabout15minutes.However,antigentestinghasahigherfalsenegativerate.RT-PCRtestingDetectionmethodAntiviraldrugsThereareseveralantiviraldrugsthatarebeingusedtotreatCOVID-19,includingremdesivir,hydroxychloroquine,andazithromycin.Thesedrugscanhelpreducethedurationofsymptomsandtheriskofdeathinseverecases.SupportivetreatmentSupportivetreatme