四川省涼山彝族自治州安寧河聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題含答案解析

安寧河聯(lián)盟2023～2024學(xué)年度上期高中2023級(jí)期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上將自己的姓名、座位號(hào)和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆填寫(xiě)清楚，考生考試條形碼由監(jiān)考老師粘貼在答題卡上的“貼條形碼區(qū)”。2.選擇題使用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目標(biāo)號(hào)的位置上，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后再填涂其它答案;非選擇題用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題卡的對(duì)應(yīng)區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域答題的答案無(wú)效;在草稿紙上、試卷上答題無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后由監(jiān)考老師將答題卡收回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisprobablySuenow?A.Athome.B.AtBill’shome.C.Attheoffice.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Quitsmoking.B.Changeaseat.C.Buyacake.3.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hetookatrip.B.Hewatchedagame.C.Heplayedbasketball.4.Whatdoesthemanneednow?A.Icecream.B.Milk.C.Water.5.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thebusstation.B.Thetrainstation.C.Thepolicestation.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesJackhavetodoat10:00am?A.Attendalecture.B.Catchabus.C.Repairhisbike.7.Howdoestheboyusuallygotoschool?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whomisthepartyfor?A.Lisa.B.Jane.C.Ted.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Playsomegames.B.BringJanealong.C.Watchavideo.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebedroom?A.Bright.B.New.C.Small.11.Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Thekitchen.B.Theview.C.Thelivingroom.12.Whatwillthespeakersdomostprobably?A.Havetheshowerrepaired.B.Buysomefurniture.C.Keepsearching.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Workmates.14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Overthephone.C.Atthewoman’shome15.WhydoesTomfeelstressedout?A.Hecan’tspeakEnglishverywell.B.Hehasknowntheexamresultalready.C.HemademanymistakesintheEnglishexam.16.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Correctingthemistakesnow.B.Payingmoreattentionnexttime.C.Communicatingwithhisparents.聽(tīng)第10段獨(dú)白，回答第17至20題。17.Howmanyforeignstudentsarevisitingthespeaker’sschoolnow?A.About13.B.About20.C.Over30.18.Whydoestheschoolorganizethemusicweek?A.Toattractmoreforeignstudents.B.Toexchangeideasaboutculture.C.Tohelpforeignstudentsenjoytheirtime.19Whenshouldstudentssignupfortheactivities?A.BeforeSeptember15th.B.InthelastweekofSeptember.C.InthefirstweekofDecember.20.Wherewillthemusicweektakeplace?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthegarden.C.Ontheplayground.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMoviesReleasedinNovemberTheHungerGames:TheBalladofSongbirdsandSnakesIt’sprequel(前傳)timeagain.InDecember,we’llgettoseethefoundingofWillyWonka’schocolatefactoryinWonka,butfirstthere’sTheHungerGames:TheBalladofSongbirdsandSnakes.BasedonthedystopianYAnovelbySuzanneCollins,theprequelisset64yearsbeforethepreviousHungerGamesfilms.Released(發(fā)行)internationallyfrom15November.TheMarvelsBrieLarson’sCaptainMarvelreturnstosavetheplanetfromevilaliens,butherjobismadeconsiderablyharderthistimebyabigproblemthatlinkshertotwoothersuperheroines(超級(jí)女英雄).Everytimesheuseshersuperpowers,sheexchangesplaceswitheitherPhoton(TeyonahParris)orMsMarvel(ImanVellani).Theworldswegotointhismovieareworldsunlikeothersyou’veseenintheMCU.Releasedinternationallyfrom8November.WishWaltDisneycelebratesits100thanniversarywithacartoonthatshowsthethemesandanimationstylesofthestudio’sfirstcentury.WishisamusicalfairytalesetinamagicallandwhereKingMagnifico(ChrisPine)cansatisfyhiscitizens’wishes.Buta17-year-oldgirl,Asha(ArianaDeBose),questionswhetherthekingshouldkeepthatpoweralltohimself.Shewishesonastar-andthestarthenfallsfromtheskytohelpher.Releasedintermationallyfrom22NovemberNapoleonRidleyScott’s28thfilmtellsthestoryofNapoleonBonaparte,afamouspersoninFrenchhistory.It’sreportedtobethreehourslong,withsixmajorbattlesequences—althoughit’sasmuchacharacter-drivendramaasitisawarmovie.Ongeneralreleasefrom22November.1.Whichmovieisaboutahistoricalfigure?A.TheBalladofSongbirdsandSnakes. B.TheMarvels.C.Wish. D.Napoleon.2.WhatdoTheMarvelsandWishhaveincommon?A.Theylastverylong. B.Theytellimaginarystories.C.Theycameoutonthesameday. D.Theirmaincharactersareteenagers.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Ahistorybook. B.Anewspaper. C.Anovel. D.Adiary.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在11月份上映的四部電影?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Napoleon部分中“RidleyScott’s28thfilmtellsthestoryofNapoleonBonaparte,afamouspersoninFrenchhistory.(RidleyScott的第28部電影講述了法國(guó)歷史上著名人物拿破侖·波拿巴的故事)”可知，Napoleon這部電影是關(guān)于一個(gè)歷史人物。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMarvels部分中第二段“BrieLarson’sCaptainMarvelreturnstosavetheplanetfromevilaliens(BrieLarson演的驚奇隊(duì)長(zhǎng)重返地球，從邪惡的外星人手中拯救地球)”和Wish部分中“Wishisamusicalfairytalesetinamagicalland(Wish是一部音樂(lè)童話，故事發(fā)生在神奇的土地上)”可知，TheMarvels和Wish都是奇幻類(lèi)電影，講述的是虛構(gòu)的故事。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了11月上映的四部電影。由此推知，文章很可能出自一份報(bào)紙。故選B。BAlongwiththebirdsflyingovertheAilaoMountainsinYunnanprovince,aforestpoliceteamhassimilarlybeen“migrating”sinceSeptemberandwillstayinthemountainsuntilMarchtopreventpoachingandotherwildlifecrimes.Nicknamedthe“migratorypolicestation”,thesevenofficerswiththeforestpolicestationofHongtupo,Nanhuacounty,carryextraclothing,quiltsanddailynecessitieswhile“migrating”intheforestsonanannualmissiontosafeguardthebirdtravelers.ZhangYueping,whohasworkedatthestationfor17years,saidtheAilaoMountains,whicharerichinbiodiversity,arelocatedalonganimportantroutefor430kindsofmigratorybirds.AccordingtoZhang,somelocalvillagerswhousedtoliveinextremepovertyhuntedbirdsforfoodorasasourceofincome,whichresultedina“silentmountain”wherenobirdsweresinging.Jobsusuallyoccuratnight,when“webravethedarknessandbumpymountainroadwithnotorchlighttocatchpoachers,”accordingtoOfficerYangZhengqiang.OfficerLiuYan,whoonceworkedatthestation,saidwinterwasthehardesttime,becauseherquiltwasneverdryduetothehighhumidity(潮濕)inthemountains.Despitethehardships,officerssaidtheirworkisworthwhile,withthenumberofbirdsaswellasthenumberofspeciesintheforestsincreasingovertheyears.Duetothecombinationofofficersandtechnology,allkindsofanimalsandplantshavereturnedtothereserve.“Theenvironmentisimprovingyearbyyear,andpeople’slivesgetbetterandtheyhavestrongerawarenessofprotection,makingourjobsveryfulfilling.”Zhangsaid.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.Killing. B.Photographing. C.Watching. D.Raising.5.WhatmadetheAilaoMountaina“silentmountain”?A.Itsthickforest. B.Itsspeciallocation.C.Thedisappearanceofbirds. D.Thesmallhumanpopulation.6.Whatcanweinferaboutofficersatthe“migratorypolicestation”?A.Theyhavetohuntforfoodbecauseofpoverty.B.Theirworkbecomesthehardestduringsummer.C.Theyneedtostayinthemountainsthroughoutayear.D.Theirworkingconditionsinthemountainsarequitebad.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Thelifeoftheofficersisdifficult.B.Theofficers’hardworkmakesadifference.C.Thelivesofthelocalpeoplehavebecomebetter.D.Thetechnologyofprotectingthebirdshasimproved.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了云南省哀牢山上的一支森林警察團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作。該團(tuán)隊(duì)被戲稱(chēng)為“候鳥(niǎo)警察站”，從9月份開(kāi)始在山區(qū)執(zhí)行任務(wù)，持續(xù)至次年3月，以防范盜獵和其他野生動(dòng)物犯罪?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“AlongwiththebirdsflyingovertheAilaoMountainsinYunnanprovince,aforestpoliceteamhassimilarlybeen“migrating”sinceSeptemberandwillstayinthemountainsuntilMarchtopreventpoachingandotherwildlifecrimes.(隨著鳥(niǎo)兒飛過(guò)云南哀牢山，自9月以來(lái)，一支森林警察隊(duì)伍也同樣在“遷徙”，他們將在山區(qū)待到3月，以防止poaching和其他野生動(dòng)物犯罪)”中“prevent”和“otherwildlifecrimes”可推知，poaching也是一種需要防止的犯罪行為，結(jié)合上文“AlongwiththebirdsflyingovertheAilaoMountains”可推知，poaching是指“偷獵”候鳥(niǎo)，與kill同義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“AccordingtoZhang,somelocalvillagerswhousedtoliveinextremepovertyhuntedbirdsforfoodorasasourceofincome,whichresultedina“silentmountain”wherenobirdsweresinging.(據(jù)張說(shuō)，一些曾經(jīng)生活在極端貧困中的當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駷榱耸澄锘蜃鳛槭杖雭?lái)源而獵殺鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，這導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)沒(méi)有鳥(niǎo)唱歌的“寂靜之山”)”可知，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的消失使哀牢山成為“寂靜之山”。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Jobsusuallyoccuratnight,when“webravethedarknessandbumpymountainroadwithnotorchlighttocatchpoachers,”accordingtoOfficerYangZhengqiang.(據(jù)楊正強(qiáng)警官介紹，工作通常發(fā)生在晚上，那時(shí)“我們冒著黑暗和崎嶇的山路，在沒(méi)有火炬的情況下抓捕偷獵者”)”和第六段中“OfficerLiuYan,whoonceworkedatthestation,saidwinterwasthehardesttime,becauseherquiltwasneverdryduetothehighhumidity(潮濕)inthemountains.(曾經(jīng)在該站工作過(guò)的劉艷警官說(shuō)，冬天是最難熬的，因?yàn)樯缴系母邼穸?，她的被子從?lái)沒(méi)有干過(guò))”可知，在山里的“候鳥(niǎo)警察站”工作條件很差。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitethehardships,officerssaidtheirworkisworthwhile,withthenumberofbirdsaswellasthenumberofspeciesintheforestsincreasingovertheyears.Duetothecombinationofofficersandtechnology,allkindsofanimalsandplantshavereturnedtothereserve.“Theenvironmentisimprovingyearbyyear,andpeople’slivesgetbetterandtheyhavestrongerawarenessofprotection,makingourjobsveryfulfilling.”Zhangsaid.(盡管困難重重，但警官們表示，他們的工作是值得的，這些年來(lái)，森林里的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和物種數(shù)量都在增加。由于警官和技術(shù)的結(jié)合，各種動(dòng)植物都回到了保護(hù)區(qū)?！碍h(huán)境在逐年改善，人們的生活越來(lái)越好，保護(hù)意識(shí)也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)，這讓我們的工作很有成就感。”張說(shuō))”可知，最后一段主要介紹警官們的辛勤工作給保護(hù)區(qū)帶來(lái)了變化。故選B項(xiàng)。CAscelebratedintheUnitedStates,theholidayofThanksgivingusuallycentersonabigmeal.Typicaldishesincludebreadstuffing,potatoes,cranberrysauce,pumpkinpie,andaboveall,turkey.Howdidturkeybecomethecenterpiece(最重要的菜)ofthismeal?Itisoftenassumedthattoday’sThanksgivingmenuoriginatedinaneventcommonlyconsideredasthe“firstThanksgiving”.ThereisindeedevidenceofamealsharedbetweenPilgrimsettlersandWampanoagpeopleinlate1621,buthistoriansthinkit’snotsurethatturkeywasserved.TheybelievethatthePilgrimsprovidedwildfowl(飛禽),whiletheWampanoagbroughtdeerformeat.Passengerpigeons,ducks,andotherbirdsmayhavebeenthemaincourse.Turkey,ifpresent,waslikelyasidedish.In1789,GeorgeWashingtonissuedaThanksgivingProclamation(正式公告),markingthefirstofficialcelebrationofThanksgivingintheUS.However,turkeyswerenotyetrelatedtoThanksgiving.About38yearslater,thewriterSarahJosephadescribedaNewEnglandThanksgiving,witharoastedturkeyplacedattheheadofthetableinhernovelNorthwood.In1863,afterPresidentAbrahamLincolnannouncedThanksgivinganationalholiday,andturkeyhassincebecomeacherishedtraditioninThanksgivingcelebrations.Atthattime,Americansdidn’thaveaccesstosupermarkets.Butlargenumbersofwildturkeyslivedonmanypeople’sland,makingthemeasytogetforthebigmeal.Comparedtomoreexpensivemeats,turkeyalsoprovidedamuchlowerpriceandcouldfeedlargergroupsofpeoplebecauseitweighedmore.Thesemadeturkeyapracticalandappealingchoice,contributingtoitslong-lastingpopularityasacenterpieceforThanksgivingfeasts.Today,turkeycontinuestostandasthestaroftheThanksgivingfeast,symbolizingtradition,warmth,andthecherishedmomentssharedwithlovedonesaroundthetable.8.Whatisthehistorians’opinionabouttheoriginalThanksgivingmeal?A.Turkeywasunlikelytobeservedasamaincourse.B.ItwassharedbytwogroupsofWampanoagpeople.C.Itwaspossiblystartedwithdeermeatasasidedish.D.Thefoodonlyincludedmeatfromsomewildanimals.9.WhenwasThanksgivingfirstcelebratedofficially?A.In1621. B.In1789. C.In1827. D.In1863.10.WhydidturkeybecomepopularasacenterpieceforThanksgivingmeals?A.Ithaduniqueculturalvalue. B.Ittastedmuchmoredelicious.C.Ithadmorebenefitsforhealth. D.Itwascheaperandeasiertoget.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDidTurkeyBecametheCenterpieceofThanksgiving?B.WhatWastheCenterpieceofthe“FirstThanksgiving”?C.WhyDidWeStarttoCelebrateThanksgivingDay?D.WhatDoestheThanksgivingMealSymbolize?【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了感恩節(jié)吃火雞的起源?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“buthistoriansthinkit’snotsurethatturkeywasserved(但歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為不確定是否上了火雞)”和“Turkey,ifpresent,waslikelyasidedish.(如果有火雞的話，也很可能是一道配菜。)”可知，歷史學(xué)家不認(rèn)為火雞是第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)大餐的主菜。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“In1789,GeorgeWashingtonissuedaThanksgivingProclamation(正式公告),markingthefirstofficialcelebrationofThanksgivingintheUS.(1789年，喬治·華盛頓發(fā)布了感恩節(jié)公告，標(biāo)志著美國(guó)第一次正式慶祝感恩節(jié)。)”可知，1789年第一次官方慶祝感恩節(jié)。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“Atthattime,Americansdidn’thaveaccesstosupermarkets.Butlargenumbersofwildturkeyslivedonmanypeople’sland,makingthemeasytogetforthebigmeal.Comparedtomoreexpensivemeats,turkeyalsoprovidedamuchlowerpriceandcouldfeedlargergroupsofpeoplebecauseitweighedmore.Thesemadeturkeyapracticalandappealingchoice,contributingtoitslong-lastingpopularityasacenterpieceforThanksgivingfeasts.(那時(shí)候，美國(guó)人還沒(méi)有進(jìn)入超市的機(jī)會(huì)。但是大量的野生火雞生活在許多人的土地上，這使得它們很容易成為大餐。與更昂貴的肉類(lèi)相比，火雞的價(jià)格要低得多，而且由于重量更重，可以養(yǎng)活更多的人。這些都使火雞成為一個(gè)實(shí)用而有吸引力的選擇，使它成為感恩節(jié)大餐的核心，經(jīng)久不衰。)”可知，火雞成為感恩節(jié)大餐最重要的部分是因?yàn)樗苋菀踪I(mǎi)到，而且價(jià)格合理。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Howdidturkeybecomethecenterpiece(最重要的菜)ofthismeal?(火雞是如何成為這頓飯最重要的菜的？)”可知，文章圍繞感恩節(jié)“吃火雞”這一傳統(tǒng)而展開(kāi)，介紹了第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)“吃火雞”的起源、感恩節(jié)成為國(guó)定假日與火雞成為感恩節(jié)大餐的重要食物的發(fā)展歷程和原因，以及火雞美好的象征寓意。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“火雞是如何成為感恩節(jié)最重要的菜的?”能夠概括文章主旨，故選A。DAsEarth’sclimatecontinuestochange,aplant’sabilitytoadapttoitschangingenvironmentisimportanttoitssurvival.Often,tostayalive,aplantmustmovelocationsbyreleasingitsseeds,butplantsarerootedinthegroundandcannotmovethemselves.Instead,theyaredependentonanimalsorthewindtocarrytheirseedstoanewlocation.Playinganessentialpartinanecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))plantscreateresourceslikefoodandmedicineforushumanbeings.Ateamofresearchersdevelopedthemodeltobetterunderstandhowplantscanstayresiliency(韌性)whenfacingchallengeslikeclimatechange.“Onceseedsarereleasedfromaplant,wewantedtoknowhowfartheycangobecauseaswindconditionsshake,theseedswillbemovedarounddifferentlybecauseofvariousweights,sizes,andshapes,”saysBinbinWang,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofMissouri.Changesinonepartoftheecosystemcancreatea“snowballeffect”onotherparts.That’swhyunderstandingseedspreadisimportant.Plantscanonlymakethismoveonceduringtheirlife—asaseed,saysLaurenSullivan,anassistantprofessoratMichiganStateUniversity.“Understandinghowplantsmoveasseedsyear-roundisimportantforustoanalyzehowthey’llbeabletohandleclimatechange,”Sullivansays.“Thismovementisalsoimportantforhowwecanincreasediversity(多樣性)intheecosystem.”“We’renowabletopartnerwithresearchers.Thisinnovativeapproachcanhelpusdevelopaccuratemodelsthataresimpleenoughtomakegoodpredictionsinashorttime.”Themodelwhichmakespredictionsbasedonseedandplanttype,plantheight,andwindspeed,candevelopanentireyear’sworthofpredictivedatainjustoneortwodays.Aspartoftheirfuturework,theteamwilldevelopeducationalprogrammingforK-12andcollegestudents.Forexample,theywillprovideopportunitiesforcollegestudentstoexplorehowdifferentdisciplines,suchasagriculture,biologicalsciences,andengineering,canworktogethertosolvedifferentreal-worldproblems.12.Whydidtheresearchersdevelopthemodel?A.Tolearnhowplantshandlechallengeslikeclimatechange.B.Tofindoutwhathelpsseedstraveltodifferentplaces.C.Tostudytheeffectsclimatechangehasonplants.D.Tocreatemorefoodandmedicineresources.13.WhichofthefollowingmaynotinfluencehowfaraseedcantravelaccordingtoBinbinWang?A.Itsweight. B.Itslocation. C.Itssize. D.Itsshape.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“movement”ofplantsfromparagraph4and5?A.Itiscausedbythechangeoftheclimate.B.Itcanhappenduringthewholelifeofaplant.C.Ithasaneffectonotherpartsoftheecosystem.D.It’shardtobepredictedforthediversityofecosystem.15.Whatdotheresearchersplantodonext?A.Exploredifferentdisciplinesforcollegestudents.B.Worktogethertosolvedifferentreal-worldproblems.C.Developeducationalprogrammingforstudentstoexplore.D.Makevaluablepredictionsaboutthetypeandheightoftheplants.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述了植物是如何在不同情況下散播種子的?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“‘Understandinghowplantsmoveasseedsyear-roundisimportantforustoanalyzehowthey’llbeabletohandleclimatechange,’Sullivansays.‘Thismovementisalsoimportantforhowwecanincreasediversity(多樣性)intheecosystem.’(‘了解植物如何全年作為種子移動(dòng)，對(duì)我們分析它們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)氣候變化很重要?！疭ullivan說(shuō)?！@一運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于我們?nèi)绾卧黾由鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的多樣性也很重要?！?”可知，研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)模型是為了了解植物如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化等挑戰(zhàn)。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“theseedswillbemovedarounddifferentlybecauseofvariousweights,sizes,andshapes(由于種子的重量、大小和形狀不同，它們會(huì)以不同的方式移動(dòng))”可知，種子的位置不會(huì)影響傳播距離，故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Changesinonepartoftheecosystemcancreatea‘snowballeffect’onotherparts.That’swhyunderstandingseedspreadisimportant.(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)一部分的變化會(huì)對(duì)其他部分產(chǎn)生‘滾雪球效應(yīng)’。這就是為什么了解種子的傳播是很重要的)”可知，植物的“運(yùn)動(dòng)”對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的其他部分也有影響，故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“theteamwilldevelopeducationalprogrammingforK-12andcollegestudents.Forexample,theywillprovideopportunitiesforcollegestudentstoexplorehowdifferentdisciplines(該團(tuán)隊(duì)將為K-12和大學(xué)生開(kāi)發(fā)教育項(xiàng)目。例如，他們將為大學(xué)生提供探索不同學(xué)科的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，研究人員計(jì)劃開(kāi)發(fā)教育項(xiàng)目供學(xué)生探索，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EasyWaystoReduceBitterTasteinAnyFoodBitterness(苦味)isoneoftheessentialflavorsinourfood,andlotsofbitterfoodsareespeciallyhealthy.___16___Don’tworry,you’reinluck!Therearemanywaystoreducebitterflavorsandhelpyouenjoywhatevermealisinfrontofyou.___17___Whodoesn’tlovesomesweetnessintheirfood?Again,thinkaboutcoffee-there’sareasonwelikesweeteningitabit.Thesweetnessnaturallycoversbittertastes.Addsugarorsomehoneytobitterfoodsanddrinkstoenhancetheflavorabit.Butdon’toverdoitwiththesugar!Sprinkle(灑)somesaltoveryourfood.Saltmakeseverythingbetter,includingbitterfoods.Thesaltinessnaturallycounteracts(中和)thebitterness,sodon’tbeshyaboutusingabitofsaltinmealsthataretoobitter.___18___Throwtheminsomeoliveoilandsaltbeforecookingtointroducenewflavors.Addsomespicetoyourfoods.Goodnewsforspicelovers!Spicesmaskbitterflavors.Addsomespicypeppersorpowderstoyourcooking,orsprinklesomeontoyourdishesforalittlebitofextraheat.___19___Someothergreatspicesincludecayenne,redpepper,paprika,andchilipowder.Eatmorebitterfoodstogetusedtothem.Youcanactuallyteachyourbodywhatkindsoffoodstolike.Ifyoujustkeepeatingbitterfoods,you’lleventuallygetyourselfaccustomedtobittertastes.Itmightnotseemfunrightnow,butitcanmakeabigdifferenceinthelongterm!___20___Don’tbeafraidtoexperimentwithflavors!Youmighthavetotryoutafewdifferentspicesandherbstofindthatperfectcombinationtomaskbitterness.A.Addmuchsugarandhoney.B.Covertheflavorwithsweetness.C.Thereareavarietyofspicesthatworkwell.D.Blackpepperinparticularhelpscounteractbitterness.E.Thisisanespeciallygoodtrickifyou’recookingbittervegetables.F.Thiswouldhelpyoueatbitterfoodswithoutaddingotheringredients.G.However,youmightfindbittertastesunpleasantoryou’veaddedtoomuchofit.【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了減少食物苦味的幾種簡(jiǎn)單方法?！?6題詳解】前文“Bitterness(苦味)isoneoftheessentialflavorsinourfood,andlotsofbitterfoodsareespeciallyhealthy.(苦味是我們食物中必不可少的味道之一，許多苦味食物都特別健康。)”提到，苦味是食物中必不可少的味道，且很多苦味食物都很健康，結(jié)合下文“Therearemanywaystoreducebitterflavors(有很多方法可以減少苦味)”可知，上下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，G項(xiàng)“然而，你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得苦味不舒服，或者你加了太多”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Whodoesn’tlovesomesweetnessintheirfood?Again,thinkaboutcoffee—there’sareasonwelikesweeteningitabit.Thesweetnessnaturallycoversbittertastes.(誰(shuí)不喜歡食物里有甜味呢?再一次，想想咖啡——我們喜歡給它加點(diǎn)甜味是有原因的。甜味自然掩蓋了苦味。)”可知，本段是說(shuō)用甜味覆蓋苦味，B項(xiàng)“用甜味覆蓋這種苦味”適合作為段落主題句，故選B。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Throwtheminsomeoliveoilandsalt(將它們放入橄欖油和鹽中)”中的“them”可知，設(shè)空處包含某種烹飪的食物，E項(xiàng)“如果你做的是苦味蔬菜，這是一個(gè)特別好的技巧”中包含“vegetables”，且與上文“sodon’tbeshyaboutusingabitofsaltinmealsthataretoobitter(所以不要羞于在太苦的食物中放一點(diǎn)鹽。)”符合，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Someothergreatspicesincludecayenne,redpepper,paprika,andchilipowder.(其他一些很棒的香料包括辣椒、紅辣椒、紅辣椒粉和辣椒粉)”可知，設(shè)空處是介紹一種香料，D項(xiàng)“黑胡椒尤其有助于消除苦味”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。20題詳解】本段主題句“Eatmorebitterfoodstogetusedtothem.(多吃些苦味的食物來(lái)適應(yīng)它們)”強(qiáng)調(diào)不加入任何材料就可以改變苦味，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這將幫助你吃苦的食物，而不添加其他成分。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Playinginthebackyardwithotherdogs,Joeylookslikeanyotherplayfuldogexceptforonedifference:Withonlytwobacklegs,hetravels___21___byjumping.BorntoafamilyinConnecticut,Joeywastheonlypuppyinhislitter(一窩幼崽)whowasn’t___22___becauseofhisdisability.Thefamilydidn’tknowwhattodowithhim,sothey___23___VintagePetRescue,anon-profitorganization___24___dogswithspecialmedicalneeds.JoeyarrivedVintagePetRescueinJuly,wherehe___25___CathyLarson,whothenbecameJoey’sadopter.AccordingtoLarson,whenshefirstcameacrossJoey,she“___26___fellinlovewithhim.”Withfiveotherdogs,LarsonknewJoeyhadtobea___27___oftheirgroup.OnceLarsontookJoeyhome,herotherdogs___28___himrightaway.ButJoeystillhassome___29___becausewhenitcomestodoingeverydaythings,heneeds___30___help.However,LarsonsaysJoeyisverygoodatlettingthemknowwhenhe___31___something.LarsondescribesJoeyasa(n)“___32___littleguy”wholovesplayingwithotherdogsandmeetingnewpeople.Hisnextadventurewilltakeplaceonthefootballfieldwhenhe___33___aspartofTeamRuffatPuppyBowlXIXagainstanotherteam.Larson“can’timaginelifewithoutJoey”andsaysifyouhavethetimeto___34___adogwithspecialneeds,doit.“Theirlimitationdoesn’tmakethemany___35___.”Larsonsays.“Theyhaveallthatloveinsideandtheyarejustwillingtogiveitfreely.”21.A.even B.still C.just D.rather22.A.cured B.recognized C.adopted D.praised23.A.contacted B.founded C.recommended D.informed24.A.training B.helping C.buying D.walking25.A.missed B.remembered C.refused D.met26.A.immediately B.gradually C.eventually D.suddenly27.A.leader B.member C.supporter D.adviser28.A.observed B.killed C.abandoned D.accepted29.A.illnesses B.tasks C.struggles D.rules30.A.extra B.enormous C.professional D.voluntary31.A.eats B.needs C.notices D.realizes32.A.strange B.adventurous C.weak D.patient33.A.competes B.works C.performs D.stays34.A.lookinto B.calmdown C.carefor D.pickup35.A.smart B.curious C.attractive D.different【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述CathyLarson收養(yǎng)只有兩只后腿的狗狗Joey的故事。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它只有兩條后腿，只能靠跳來(lái)跳去行走。A.even甚至；B.still仍然；C.just只，僅僅；D.rather相當(dāng)?shù)亍８鶕?jù)“Withonlytwobacklegs”可知，Joey只有兩條后退，只能靠跳著行走，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Joey出生在康涅狄格州的一個(gè)家庭，是一窩小狗中唯一一只因?yàn)闅埣捕鴽](méi)有被收養(yǎng)的小狗。A.cured治愈；B.recognized認(rèn)識(shí)到；分辨；C.adopted收養(yǎng)；D.praised表?yè)P(yáng)。根據(jù)空后“becauseofhisdisability”可知，Joey有殘疾，故沒(méi)有被收養(yǎng)，下文“…CathyLarson,whothenbecameJoey’sadopter”也提到了Joey后來(lái)被CathyLarson收養(yǎng)，故選C。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這家人不知道該拿它怎么辦，所以他們聯(lián)系了VintagePetRescue，這是一家?guī)椭刑厥忉t(yī)療需求的狗的非營(yíng)利組織。A.contacted聯(lián)系；B.founded建立；C.recommended推薦；D.informed通知。結(jié)合上文“Thefamilydidn’tknowwhattodowithhim”可知，這家人不知道該怎么辦，下文“JoeyarrivedVintagePetRescueinJuly”提到Joey去了VintagePetRescue組織，所以此處指聯(lián)系了該組織，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.training訓(xùn)練；B.helping幫助；C.buying買(mǎi)；D.walking走路。根據(jù)上文“Thefamilydidn’tknowwhattodowithhim,sothey___3___VintagePetRescue”可知，這家人不知道如何處理Joey，所以聯(lián)系VintagePetRescue組織應(yīng)是尋求幫助，由此推知該組織幫助有特殊醫(yī)療需求的狗，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Joey于7月來(lái)到VintagePetRescue，在那里他遇到了CathyLarson，她后來(lái)成為了Joey的收養(yǎng)人。A.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)；B.remembered想起，記得；C.refused拒絕；D.met遇見(jiàn)。根據(jù)下文“AccordingtoLarson,whenshefirstcameacrossJoey”可知，此處指Joey遇到了收養(yǎng)它的人CathyLarson，故選D。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)Larson說(shuō)，當(dāng)她第一次見(jiàn)到Joey時(shí)，她“立刻就愛(ài)上了他?！盇.immediately立即；B.gradually逐漸地；C.eventually最后；D.suddenly突然。下文“LarsonknewJoeyhadtobea___7___oftheirgroup”提到Larson知道自己必須帶Joey回家，所以此處指第一次見(jiàn)Joey就愛(ài)上它，故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：和其他五只狗一起，Larson知道Joey必須是他們小組的一員。A.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；B.member成員；C.supporter支持者；D.adviser顧問(wèn)。根據(jù)空后“oftheirgroup”和下文“OnceLarsontookJoeyhome”可知，Larson把Joey帶回家，Joey成為小狗團(tuán)隊(duì)的一員，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Larson把Joey帶回家后，她的其他狗立刻接受了他。A.observed觀察；B.killed殺死；C.abandoned遺棄；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及“OnceLarsontookJoeyhome”可知，此處指Larson把Joey帶回家后，她的其他狗立刻接受了他，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Joey仍然有一些困難，因?yàn)樵谧鋈粘Ｊ虑闀r(shí)，他需要額外的幫助。A.illnesses疾病；B.tasks任務(wù)；C.struggles難事；D.rules規(guī)則。根據(jù)“heneeds___10___help”可知，Joey仍然有一些困難，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.extra額外的；B.enormous巨大的；C.professional職業(yè)的；D.voluntary自愿的。根據(jù)“whenitcomestodoingeverydaythings”以及上文內(nèi)容可知，Joey只有兩條后腿，故日常生活中需要額外的幫助，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Larson說(shuō)，Joey很善于讓他們知道他什么時(shí)候需要什么。A.eats吃；B.needs需要；C.notices注意到；D.realizes意識(shí)到。根據(jù)上文“heneeds___10___help”可知，Joey在日常生活中需要幫助，此處指當(dāng)他需要什么時(shí)，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Larson形容Joey是一個(gè)“愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的小家伙”，喜歡和其他狗狗一起玩，也喜歡結(jié)識(shí)新朋友。A.strange奇怪的；B.adventurous有冒險(xiǎn)精神的；C.weak虛弱的；D.patient耐心的。根據(jù)下文“Hisnextadventure”可知，Joey是一個(gè)“愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的小家伙”，故選B。33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的下一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)將發(fā)生在足球場(chǎng)上，他將作為Ruff隊(duì)的一員在第19屆PuppyBowlXIX比賽中對(duì)陣另一支球隊(duì)。A.competes競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，參加比賽；B.works工作；C.performs表演；D.stays逗留。根據(jù)“atPuppyBowlXIXagainstanotherteam”可知，此處指在比賽中和另一支隊(duì)伍競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Larson“無(wú)法想象沒(méi)有Joey的生活”，他說(shuō)，如果你有時(shí)間照顧一只有特殊需要的狗，就去做吧。A.lookinto調(diào)查；B.calmdown冷靜下來(lái)；C.carefor照顧，關(guān)心；D.pickup挑選。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及“adogwithspecialneeds”可知，Larson收養(yǎng)了殘疾的狗狗，所以此處指“如果你有時(shí)間照顧一只有特殊需要的狗”，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“他們的局限性并沒(méi)有使他們有任何不同，”Larson說(shuō)。A.smart聰明的；B.curious好奇的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)上文“doit”和下文“Theyhaveallthatloveinsideandtheyarejustwillingtogiveitfreely.(他們內(nèi)心充滿了愛(ài)，他們?cè)敢庾杂傻亟o予愛(ài))”可知，Larson建議，如果有時(shí)間照顧有特殊需求的狗狗，就去做吧，由此推知，此處指他們的