河北省唐山市2023年高一上學(xué)期《英語》期末試卷與參考答案

河北省唐山市2023年高一上學(xué)期《英語》期末試卷與參考答案第一部分：聽力第一節(jié)：聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapetshop. B.Inahotel. C.Inagarden.答案：A2.Whatisthemaneatingnow?A.Bread. B.Cakes. C.Biscuits.答案：C3.Whatwillthemando?A.Seeadoctor. B.Visitapatient. C.SaveUnclePeter.答案：B4.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Confused. B.Disappointed. C.Excited.答案：C5.Whydoesthewomanhavetowait?A.Itistherushhour. B.Theweatherisbad. C.Anaccidenthashappened.答案：C第二節(jié)：請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthehouse?A.Expensive. B.Convenient. C.Comfortable.7.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortherenteachmonth?A.$720. B.$790. C.$800.答案：6.B7.A聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?ASchoolmates. B.Teammates. C.Workmates.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisatranslator. B.Sheisacollegestudent. C.Sheisabusinesswoman.10.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.LearnFrench. B.Findnewinterest. C.Treatherheadache.答案：8.A9.B10.A聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatkindofflightwillthemantake?A.Amorningflight. B.Anafternoonflight. C.Aneveningflight.12.Whatflightclassdoesthemanchoose?A.Firstclass. B.Businessclass. C.Economyclass.13.Howdoesthemanpayfortheticket?A.Incash. B.Bycard. C.Withamobilewallet.答案：11.C12.C13.B聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WherewillthewomanspendthisChristmas?A.InHawaii. B.InLondon. C.InLosAngeles.15.WhatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodoatChristmas?A.Sharehisinterests.B.Gettogetherwithhisfriends.C.Travelabroadwithhisparents.16.WhatwillGracegetthisyear?A.Buildingblocks. B.ABarbiedoll. C.Ateddybear.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Holidayplans. B.Giftexchanges. C.Familyrelationships.答案：14.A15.C16.C17.A聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Organizingarescue. B.Reportingadisaster. C.Conductinganinterview.19.Whyistherescueworkratherdifficult?A.Novolunteerscometohelp.B.Theroadsarebadlydamaged.C.Therearenotenoughaidworkers.20.WhathasPakistanreceivedfromtheUN?A.Funds. B.Shelters. C.Foodsupplies.答案：18.B19.B20.A第二部分：閱讀第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIranafterthetrain,shouting,butitwashopeless,asthetrainwouldneverslowdownfora60-year-oldmanwhogottothestationminuteslate.Iwasonmywaytoaninterviewforwhatcouldhavebeentheopportunityofalifetime.Ithrewmyartcasedowninfrustration(沮喪).Isatdownonthebench,breathingheavily.Itwasthefirsttimein40yearsthatanyonehadshownsuchaninterestinmyart.PierreGianniwastheownerofthemostfamousgallery(畫廊)inNewYorkCity.Whywouldhewanttogiveasecondchancetoanelderlynobody?Maybeifthegalleryownerhadseenmypainting,hewouldhavechangedhismindaboutofferingmespaceonhiswalls.Cometothinkofit,perhapsthesefeelingscouldexplainwhyIhadneverbeenofferedashowbefore.Theinterviewwasthechanceresultofmygranddaughtermentioningmyarttothegalleryowner.Shehadnoneofmyuncertaintiesandfear,andshetalkedproudlyaboutmypaintingssomuchthatcuriosityhadgottenhimtocometome.Hesawaphotoshehadtakenonhercellphone.Itwasoneofmyearlierpieces,mostofwhichweregivenasgiftstofamilymembersonvariousgatherings.ItwasallIthoughtmypaintingswereworthyof.WhatifInevergotanotherchancetoshowwhatIcoulddo?Fulloffrustration,Ipickedupmyartcaseandbegantowalkhome.WhenIarrivedatmyhouse,IsawaBenzinmydriveway.Tomysurprise,amangotoutofitandwalkedinmydirection,holdingouthishandforanintroductoryshake.“PeterWoods?”Inodded,stillconfused.“Whenyoudidn’tshowupforourinterviewtoday,Iwasconcernedforyourhealthanddecidedtocometoseeyouinstead.ItwouldbeapitytomissoutonthenextPicasso,wouldn’tit?”Sixmonthslater,thechancetookmetomyownshow,whichattractedmanyexcitedvisitors.21.Whatkindofpersonwastheauthor?A.Self-doubtful. B.Narrow-minded.C.Confident. D.Proud.22.Whatdidtheauthoralwaysdoonvariousgatherings?A.Hetalkedabouthiscuriosity.B.Hetookphotoswithhisfamily.C.Heboughtgiftsforhisgranddaughter.D.Hegaveawayhispaintingstohisfamily.23.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AWonderfulShow B.AnExcitingInterviewC.ASpecialChance D.AnEffortlessSuccess答案：21.A22.D23.CBFormorethan100millionyearsseaturtles(海龜)havecoveredhugedistancesacrosstheworld’soceans,makingthemamongtheoldestcreaturesontheplanet.However,theyareonthelistofendangeredspecies.Differentfromsomeanimalslikesnakes,thesexofthebabyseaturtles,calledhatchlings,isdeterminedbytheenvironmentafterfertilization(受精).Thetemperatureoftheeggsduringacertainperiodofdevelopmentisthedecidingfactorindeterminingsex,andsmallchangesintemperaturecancauseverybigchangesinthesexratio(比例).Often,eggsatlowtemperatures(22—27℃)producemales,whileeggsathighertemperatures(30℃andabove)producefemales.Attemperaturesinbetween,bothsexeswillbeproduced.Iftemperaturereaches36℃,nohatchlingswillbeproduced.Climatechangehasapowerfuleffectonturtlenesting(筑巢)sites.Itchangessandtemperatures,whichthenaffectsthesexofthehatchlings.Scientistshavefoundthatunusuallywarmtemperaturescausedbyclimatechangeareupsettingthenormalratios,resultinginfewermalehatchlings.ThepastfourhottestsummersinFloridahaveseenonlyfemaleseaturtles.AndanAustralianstudyhasshownasimilareffectinwhich99%ofthehatchlingsarefemale.Inadditiontorisingtemperatures,turtlesarealsofacingthethreatoftoomuchplasticintheoceans,alongwithanumberofotherthreats.“Plasticpollutionisaproblemforturtlesastheycanmistakeplasticsforfoodeasily.Evenasinglepieceofplasticcankillaturtle,”DrCouper,workingattheQueenslandMuseum,said.“Wehavecollectedsomeplasticstakenfromturtles’stomachstoshowpeoplewhatkindsofthingsareshowinguponbeaches.Iwantittobeaneyeopener.”24.Whichtemperatureisgoodforabalancedsexratioofturtlehatchlings?A.26℃. B.29℃. C.31℃. D.36℃.25.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Seaturtleswillbuildtheirnestingsiteselsewhere.B.Globalwarmingisanextremethreattoseaturtles.C.ClimatechangeismuchmoreobviousinAustralia.D.Over90%oftheturtlehatchlingsarefemaleglobally.26.WhatdoesDr.Couperintendtosay?A.Turtlesdonothaveenoughfoodsources.B.Turtlesdonothaveagoodsenseofsmell.C.Peopleshouldcleanupbeachesmoreoften.D.Peopleshouldraiseenvironmentalawareness.答案：24.B25.B26.DCMostofushavetoldalieatonetimeoranother.Someliesareharmful.Othersaremostlyharmless.Stillotherliesmayevenbecreatedwiththebestofintentions.Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutellittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeepyourliecovered.Peopleliefordifferentreasons.Sometimestheydoittomakethemselveslookbetter.Sometimestheylietogetoutoftrouble.Someliesarewell-intended,whichscientistscall“prosociallies”.Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday(eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone).That’saprosociallie.Whenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn’thavetodoanythingunusual.Lyingtakesmuchmorework.Forexample,whenyouarelateforclass,youtellaliethatyouhavetostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.Yourteachermayasktoseethebookorevenaskyoutoreadit.Thismayresultinaseries(系列)oflies,causingalotofbrainworkdoneintheprefrontalcortex(前額皮層).It’sthepartinchargeofworkingmemory.Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile.Whenyouuseself-controltokeepfromtellingthetruth,thispartcomesintoplay.Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid’sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresources(資源)theretobeginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelit’simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.“Nearlyallculturesvaluehonesty,”Talwarsays.And,sheadds,“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.”27.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtotellus?A.Lyingstealsbrainpower.B.Harmlessliesarewelcome.C.Trustisnowheretobeseen.D.Manyliesarewellintended.28.Whatdowelearnaboutprosociallies?A.Theybringtellersalotoffun.B.Theygettellersoutoftrouble.C.Theymakereceiversfeelgood.D.Theyleadreceiverstoadeepthinking.29.Whyshouldkidstelltruthstodependablepeopleaccordingtoresearchers?A.Tomakethemfeelsafe.B.Toimprovetheircontrol.CToguidetheirstudyschedule.D.Tofreeuptheirworkingmemory.30.WhatdoesTalwarsuggesttostrengthenthevalueofhonesty?A.Makingpeoplesufferfromtellinglies.B.Givingpeoplepraiseforbeinghonest.C.Helpingpeopletoleadacreativelife.D.Askingpeopletolearndifferentcultures.答案：27.A28.C29.D30.B第二節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Mathattitudeaffectsmathachievement,anewstudyfinds.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingapositive,can-doattitudeaboutmathcanhelpstudentsmasterthesubject.Theresearcherssurveyedthestudentsonmathandthencomparedtheirreportedfeelingsaboutmathtotheirgrades.____31____Howkidsfeelaboutthesubjectinoneyearisrelatedtotheirmathgradesthenext.Thosewhohavegottenpoorgradesfeelbadlyaboutmath.Andthosewhohavedarkemotionsdopoorly.____32____Butthecycledoesn’thavetobenegative(消極).Whiledarkfeelings,suchasfearandanger,mayberelatedtopoorgrades,thatrelationbetweenfeelingsandgradesworkstheotherway,too.Goodfeelingsaboutmath—takingprideinmathachievementandenjoyingmathclass—alsocontributetobettergrades.It’sanexcellentstudyforteachingandlearning.Teachingmathisn’tjustaboutnumbersandmathematicalrules.____33____Dotheytakestepstothemwithcuriosityorfear?Teacherscanhelpbyteachingmathematicalrulesclearly,ofcourse.Buttheyalsocanhelpbygradingstudentsbasedonhowmuchtheyimproveovertime,whichgivesstudentsasenseofachievement.____34____Thismeansmorethanjustdoingtheirhomework.Insteadofimaginingthatupsettingresultwillcontinue,studentscanlookatwhytheyaren’tsucceeding.Maybetheydidn’tstudyenough.Maybetheyneedanewstudystrategy.____35____A.Studentsneedtodotheirpart,too.B.Theydropmathassoonastheycan.C.Howstudentsfeelaboutthemisalsoveryimportant.D.Sopoormathgradesresultinbadfeelingsaboutmath.E.Emotionshavearealinfluenceonstudents’gradesovertime.F.Thesurveyshowsthosefeelingsareconnectedwiththeirmathgrades.G.Whateverthecause,theycantakesomestepstocontrolhowtheylearnmath.答案：31.F32.E33.C34.A35.G第三部分：語言運用第一節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WheneverIarrivehomelatefromwork,mydogPoppinssavesherdinner.Shealwayswaitsforme____36____Isitdownformine.Forsomeonewhorecoveredfroma(n)____37____disorder(紊亂),theimportanceofmycaringdog’s____38____surprisedme.Intheyearsoftreatment,myfamilyandfriendswerevery____39____,butnothingquitetouchedmelikethe____40____ofmydog.MyeatingdisorderstartedwhenIwasinuniversity.ThenIwasanearlybird,sportyand____41____tooutdoors.Butafewcommentsaboutweightproved(證明是)enoughformetobegin____42____mylooks.Istoppedeatingenough.IforcedmyselftoexerciseandlostsightofwhyIlovedtomove.Allthat____43____wasthatIticked(勾)offtheboxesinthechecklist.WhenPoppinscametolivewithme,mylifetookaturn.I’d____44____wakeearly.ButontheroadIhadspedthrough,wewalkedslowlyin____45____.Weenjoyedstreetcars,DonValley,HumberRiverandmanyanimals.I____46____formanyyearsworkingouthowtoliveanactivelife.Poppinsfeelslikethemissing____47____.Thissweetdoghas____48____metothelifeI’vedreamedabout—onestillfilledwithexplorationand____49____butnotdrivenbyforcetomove.IknowthatthelifeIusedtoonly____50____hascomenow.Ifeelcontentandabletocontributetosocietyinameaningfulway.36.A.if B.until C.although D.because37.A.breathing B.nervous C.eating D.emotional38.A.diet B.look C.revival D.habit39.A.supportive B.wealthy C.graceful D.honest40.A.image B.survival C.company D.growth41.A.forced B.attracted C.limited D.shown42.A.questioning B.describing C.forgetting D.appreciating43.A.returned B.failed C.fitted D.mattered44.A.ever B.still C.never D.even45.A.fear B.shame C.excitement D.surprise46.A.struggled B.waited C.traveled D.trained47.A.dog B.love C.key D.wealth48.A.led B.followed C.cheated D.hurried49.A.threat B.failure C.glory D.adventure50.A.adaptto B.dreamabout C.showoff D.gothrough答案：36.B37.C38.D39.A40.C41.B42.A43.D44.B45.C46.A47.C48.A49.D50.B第二節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinesewritingsystemisoneofthemainreasonswhyChinesecivilizationhassurvivedintomoderntimes.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.It____51____(date)backtoseveralthousandyearsagowhensymbolswerecarvedonanimalbonesand____52____(shell)byancientChinesepeople.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Later,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatime____53____peopleweredividedgeographically,leading____54____manyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.____55____,thischangedunderEmperorQinshihuang.DuringtheQinDynasty,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection,anditwasextremelyimportantin____56____(unite)theChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,whereverChinesepeopleliveorwhateverdialectstheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomea____57____(particular)importantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast,makingitpossibleforpeopleinmoderntimes____58____(read)theancientChineseclassicworks.Chinesecalligraphy,____59____artformofChinesecharacters,hasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.Inrecentyears,moreandmoreancientChineseclassicworks____60____(translate)intodifferentforeignlanguagesandanincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsaregettinginterestedinChinesecultureandhistorynow.答案：51.dates52.shells53.when54.to55.However56.uniting57.particularly58.toread59.an60.havebeentranslated第四部分：語言知識第一節(jié)：從詞匯框中選擇合適的單詞完成句子。actuallyrescuedcreativedeliverdistanceconcernedexplorefluentoutgoingqualitynarrowchallenges61.Iamconfidentenoughinmyabilitiestotakeon________.62.Theyputoutthefireand________thedoginsidethehouse.63.The________artistisalwayscomingupwithideasfornewpaintings.64.It’ssafesttokeepagood________fromthecarinfrontbecauseitmaysuddenlystop.65.It’sonethingtohaveagoal;it’sanotherto________actonit.66.Theroadwastoo________forcarstopass,sowegotoutandwalked.67.Einsteinisoneofthosewho________scienceatitsdeepestlevel.68.LilyisinLondonforonlyhalfayear,butshecanspeak________English.69.Asisshowninthereport,theair________inthecityhasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.70.WhenIwasaboy,amilkmanusedto________milktoourdoorstep.答案：61.challenges62.rescued63.creative64.distance65.actually66.narrow67.explore68.fluent69.quality70.deliver第二節(jié)：根據(jù)漢語補全句子，每空一詞71.我佩服她在壓力下能保持冷靜。Iadmirehercoolness________pressure.答案：under72.除了她之外，沒有人知道真相。Thetruthwasknowntonooneother________her.答案：than73.在某些地方，湍急的水流會毫無預(yù)兆地把游泳者沖走。Insomeplaces,wildwatercansweepswimmers________withoutwarning.答案：away74.外面噪音太大，我無法專心工作。Ican’tconcentrate________myworkwithsomuchnoiseoutside.答案：on75.我能聽到聲音，但聽不清他們在說什么。Icouldhearvoices,butIcouldn’tmake________whattheyweresaying.答案：out76.在設(shè)定目標(biāo)時，你必須牢記這些要點。Youmustkeepthesepoints________mindwhilesettingyourgoals.答案：in77.她的父母建議她報名參加計算機課程。Herparentsrecommendedhertosign________foracomputercourse.答案：up78.第一次開車時，我沒有感到興奮而是感到恐懼。Myexcitementgaveway________fearwhenIdroveforthefirsttime.答案：to79.在東京奧運會上，蘇炳添成為第一位參加男子100米決賽的中國選手。SuBingtianbecamethefirstChineseplayer________competedintheMen’s100mfinalattheTokyoOlympics.答案：who/that80.我們可以把孩子們放到某種環(huán)境中，這樣他們可以從不同的視角來審視自己。Wecanputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.答案：where第五部分：書寫請按照書寫格式和要求抄寫以下內(nèi)容。Lifeisfullofchoices;someyouwillbehappywith,othersyoumayregret.Asyougetolder,youprobablywishthatyoucouldgobackintimetocorrectsomeofyourmistakes.Youmightwishtodothingsdifferentlyifgivenachance.第六部分寫作(滿分25分)81.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasthelastpracticebeforethebiggymnasticscompetitioninBurlingville.ThegymnasticsteamofSpringtownHighSchoolhadbeentrainingeverydayintheschoolvacation.Theytriedharderandwantedtodobetter.TheyhadcompetedwiththeteamfromMaidstoneHighSchoolseveraltimes.Thecompetitionsallowedthetwoteamstoadmireeachotherfortheirexcellentperformanceandplayers’qualities.Theyrespectedthegame;theyrespectedeachother’steammore.Today,theplayersofSpringtownwenthomeearlier.TheywouldpacksomefoodandwatertohavealongthewaytoBurlingville.Beforetheywenthome,theywenttotheirteachertoseetheirnewuniform.SpringtonHighSchoolwasinthecountryside.Theteammadecookiesandsoldthematthemarkettogetmoneytobuytheuniform.Theyloveditverymuch,eventhoughtheywereimpressedwiththeuniformsoftheteamfromMaidstone.MaidstoneHighSchoolwasarichprivateschool.Itusuallypreparedtwosetsofuniformsforthecompetition—oneforthemorningandtheothe