2024年阜新高等專科學(xué)校高職單招（英語(yǔ)／數(shù)學(xué)／語(yǔ)文）筆試歷年真題摘選含答案解析

2024年阜新高等?？茖W(xué)校高職單招（英語(yǔ)／數(shù)學(xué)／語(yǔ)文）筆試歷年真題摘選含答案解析（圖片大小可任意調(diào)節(jié)）第I卷一.語(yǔ)文單項(xiàng)選擇題(共20題)1.《種樹(shù)郭橐駝傳》的創(chuàng)作意圖主要是（）A.贊揚(yáng)郭橐駝的種樹(shù)技術(shù)B.揭露統(tǒng)治者的政令擾民D.借“養(yǎng)樹(shù)”之道，喻“養(yǎng)民”之道2.以下詩(shī)句中，化用《詩(shī)經(jīng)》詩(shī)句的為（）A.周公吐哺，天下歸心。B.對(duì)酒當(dāng)歌，人生幾何。C.山不厭高，海不厭深。D.呦呦鹿鳴，食野之蘋。3.《西廂記》是一部（）A.元雜劇B.明雜劇C.說(shuō)唱文學(xué)D.傳奇4.《關(guān)山月》一詩(shī)的作者是（）A.陸游B.辛棄疾C.蘇軾D.李清照5.在《張中丞傳后敘》中，當(dāng)南霽云抽刀斷指時(shí)，“一座大驚，皆感激為云泣下”，對(duì)刻畫南霽云的形象來(lái)說(shuō)，這里所運(yùn)用的表現(xiàn)方法是（）A.正面描寫B(tài).側(cè)面描寫C.心理描寫6.李商隱《無(wú)題》中，寫對(duì)方的詩(shī)句是（）A.相見(jiàn)時(shí)難別亦難，東風(fēng)無(wú)力百花殘B.春蠶到死絲方盡，蠟炬成灰淚始干C.曉鏡但愁云鬢改，夜吟應(yīng)覺(jué)月光寒D.蓬山此去多無(wú)路，青鳥(niǎo)殷勤為探看7.《馬伶?zhèn)鳌分小耙苑忠私谭忠恕钡囊馑际牵ǎ〢.用現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的嚴(yán)嵩教舞臺(tái)上的嚴(yán)嵩B.用現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的分宜人教舞臺(tái)上的分宜人C.用現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的顧秉謙教舞臺(tái)上的顧秉謙D.用現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的奸臣（顧秉謙）教舞臺(tái)上的奸臣（嚴(yán)嵩）8.《米龍老爹》的故事背景是（）A.1848年革命B.1870年的普法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)C.1914年第一次世界大戰(zhàn)D.1830年七月革命9.艾青在哪個(gè)時(shí)間段曾被視為中國(guó)新詩(shī)的卓越代表（）A.（1917—1927）第一個(gè)十年B.（1928—1937）第二個(gè)十年C.（1937—1949）第三個(gè)十年D.20世紀(jì)80年代10.下列文章中，帶有寓言性的散文是（）A.《種樹(shù)郭橐駝傳》B.《季氏將伐顓臾》C.《諫逐客書》D.《答司馬諫議書》11.宋詞流傳下來(lái)最多的詞人是（）A.蘇軾B.柳永C.辛棄疾D.李清照12.《李將軍列傳》中作者將李廣和李蔡對(duì)比的目的是凸顯李廣（）A.勇猛善射的武功B.體恤部下的武德D.治軍簡(jiǎn)易的特點(diǎn)13.下列關(guān)于歐陽(yáng)修的表述，錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)是（）。A.新樂(lè)府運(yùn)動(dòng)的倡導(dǎo)者B.唐宋八大家之一C.號(hào)醉翁，晚年自稱六一居士D.著有《新五代史》14.《選擇與安排》一文選自朱光潛的論文集（）A.《悲劇心理學(xué)》B.《談美》C.《談文學(xué)》15.王安石《答司馬諫議書》所采取的主要駁論角度是（）A.駁斥論點(diǎn)B.駁斥論據(jù)C.駁斥論證D.駁斥態(tài)度16.黃省三是下列哪部作品中的人物（）A.《斷魂槍》B.《日出》C.《雷雨》D.《北京人》17.《馮諼客孟嘗君》中最能表現(xiàn)馮諼政治才能的情節(jié)是（）A.彈鋏而歌B.焚券市義C.營(yíng)造三窟D.乘車過(guò)友18.《我愛(ài)這土地》選自艾青的詩(shī)集（）A.《北方》B.《大堰河——我的保姆》C.《艾青詩(shī)選》D.《曠野》19.徐志摩以康橋?yàn)轭}寫的詩(shī)作有（）A.《死水》B.《沙揚(yáng)娜拉》C.《雪花的快樂(lè)》D.《再別康橋》20.下列成語(yǔ)出于《莊子·秋水》的是（）A.望洋興嘆、貽笑大方B.望洋興嘆、禍起蕭墻C.貽笑大方，分崩離析D.禍起蕭墻、分崩離析二.語(yǔ)文綜合(共4題)1.閱讀《報(bào)劉一丈書》中的一段文字，回答問(wèn)題：幸主者出，南面召見(jiàn)，則驚走匍匐階下。主者曰：“進(jìn)!”則再拜，故遲不起，起則上所上壽金。主者固不受，則固請(qǐng)；主者故固不受，則又固請(qǐng)，然后命吏內(nèi)之，則又再拜，又故遲不起，起則五六揖，始出。出，揖門者曰：“官人幸顧我，他日來(lái)，幸亡阻我也?！遍T者答揖，大喜奔出。（1）解釋這段文字中畫橫線字的含義。顧：（2）這段選文的寫作目的是什么（3）簡(jiǎn)析這段選文所寫人物的形象特征。（4）這段選文主要運(yùn)用了什么手法2.閱讀艾青《我愛(ài)這土地》。假如我是一只鳥(niǎo)，我也應(yīng)該用嘶啞的喉嚨歌唱：這永遠(yuǎn)洶涌著我們的悲憤的河流，這無(wú)止息地吹刮著的激怒的風(fēng)，和那來(lái)自林間的無(wú)比溫柔的黎明……——然后我死了，連羽毛也腐爛在土地里面。為什么我的眼里常含淚水?因?yàn)槲覍?duì)這土地愛(ài)得深沉……請(qǐng)找出本詩(shī)中的象征意象并說(shuō)明其寓意。3.閱讀《秋水》中的一段文字，回答下列問(wèn)題：吾在天地之間，猶小石小木之在大山也，方存乎見(jiàn)少，又奚以自多計(jì)四海之在天地之間也，不似礨空之在大澤乎計(jì)中國(guó)之在海內(nèi)，不似梯米之在大倉(cāng)乎號(hào)物之?dāng)?shù)謂之萬(wàn)，人處一焉；人卒九州，谷食之所生，舟車之所通，人處一焉；此其比萬(wàn)物也，不似毫末之在馬體乎（1）解釋這段文字中畫橫線字的含義。多：卒：（2）將這段文字中“不似稊米之在大倉(cāng)乎”譯成現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)，并分析其含義。（3）本段選文的觀點(diǎn)是什么（4）本段選文運(yùn)用了哪種論證法舉例分析。（5）本段選文運(yùn)用了哪些修辭方法，并舉例分析其效果。4.閱讀《陌上?！分械囊欢卧?shī)句，回答下列問(wèn)題：日出東南隅，照我秦氏樓。秦氏有好女，自名為羅敷。羅敷喜蠶桑，采桑城南隅。青絲為籠系，桂枝為籠鉤。頭上倭墮髻，耳中明月珠。緗綺為下裙，紫綺為上襦。行者見(jiàn)羅敷，下?lián)埙陧?。少年?jiàn)羅敷，脫帽著悄頭。耕者忘其犁，鋤者忘其鋤。來(lái)歸相怨怒，但坐觀羅敷。（1）解釋這段詩(shī)句中畫橫線字的含義。好：著：（2）將下列詩(shī)句譯成現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)。來(lái)歸相怨怒，但坐觀羅敷：（3）簡(jiǎn)析這段詩(shī)句的層次大意。并概述這段文字的主要內(nèi)容。（4）依次分析這段詩(shī)句的表現(xiàn)方法及其審美效果。三.英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題(共35題)1.Yourarticleiswellwritten,butIthinkyoushould__________itagain.A.gooffB.gobyC.gooverD.goagainst2.EleanorRooseveltwasthewifeofAmerica′s32ndpresident,FranklinRoosevelt.Shehelpedherhusbandin?manywaysduringhislong（21）life.Shealsobecameoneofthemost（22）womeninAmerica.Shefoughtfor?equalrightsforallpeople.EleanorwasborninNewYorkCityin1884.Herfamilyhadgreatwealth.ButEleanordidnothaveahappy（23）.Herparentsdiedwhenshewasveryyoung.Shewasraisedbyhergrandmother.Eleanor（24）thatasa?child,hergreatesthappinesscamefromhelpingothers.tntheearly1900s,manypeoplewereworriedabouttheproblemsof（25）peoplewhocametoAmericain（26）ofabetterlife.Eleanorcouldnot（27）howpeoplelivedinsuchpoorconditionswhilesheandsomeothers?hadsomuch（28）.Aftershefinishedschool,Eleanorbegan（29）childrentoreadandwriteinoneofthepoorestareasofNew?YorkCity.Shealsolookedinto（30）whereworkersweresaidtobebadly（31）.Shesawlittlechildrenoffour?andfiveyearsoldworkinguntilthey（32）tothefloor.Shebecameinvolved（參與）withotherwomenwho（33）thesameideasaboutimprovingsocialconditions.FranklinRooseveltbegan（34）EleanorwhenhewasinNewYork.Theygot（35）in1905.Inthenexteleven?years,theyhadsixchildren.TheRooseveltsmovedtoWashingtonD.C.in1913.第（33）題選A.discoveredB.allowedC.sharedD.mentioned3.Moods,saytheexperts,arefeelingsthatarelikelytobecomefixed,havingeffectsonone′sout-look(wayoflookingatthings)forhours,daysorevenweeks.That′sgreatifyourmoodisapleasantone,butaproblemifyouaresad,anxious,angryorsimplylonely.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithsuchmoodsistotalkthemout;sometimes,though,thereisnoonetolisten.Modernpharmacology(藥物學(xué))offersalottranquilizers(鎮(zhèn)定劑)andanti-anxietydrugs.Whatmanypeopledon′trealize,however,isthatscientistshavediscoveredtheeffectivenessofseveralnon-drugmethodstomakeyoufreefromanunwantedmood.Thesecanbejustasusefulasdrugs,andhavetheaddedbenefitofbeingnonpoisonous.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsorts,don′theadforthedrugstore--trythefollowingmethod.Ofallthemood-changingself-helptechniques,aerobicexerciseseemstobethebestcureforabadmood."Ifyoucouldkeeptheexercise,you′dbeinhighspirits,"saysKathrynLance,authorofRunningforHealthandBeauty.Researchershaveexplainedbiochemicalandvariousotherchangesthatmakeexercisecomparefavorablytodrugsasmood-raiser.Physicalworksuchashousework,however,doeslittle.Thekeyisaerobicexercise--running,cycling,walking,swimming,orotherrepetitiveandsustainedactivitiesthatincreasetheheartrateandcirculation(循環(huán)),andimprovethebody′suseofoxygen.Dothemforatleast20minutesatime,threetofivetimesaweek.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?A.HowtobeatabadmoodB.HowtotalkbadmoodsoutC.HowtodophysicalexercisesD.Howtodoaerobicexercise4.MyparentsandIcouldn'tgetintothehouselastnightbecause____ofushadthekey.（）A.eitherB.allD.neitherWhenthepolicemenwereready,theyhid?28?ahedge（樹(shù)籬）andstartedtotimepassingcars.Duringtheirfirsthalfanhour,theycaughtfivedrivers.Thepolicemenwrotedownthe?29?ofeachcarandthenameandaddressofthedriver.Butforthenexthalfanhourthepolicemendidn′tseeanybody?30?toofast.Theythoughtthatthiswasvery?31.Oneofthemdroveaquarterofamilealongtheroadandsawtwostudents?32?onthegrass.Theywereholdingupasheetofcupboardsothatmotoristscouldseeit.Onthenoticeoneofthestudents?33:"Danger.Speedtrap."Thepolicementookthenoticeawayandwrotedownthenamesofthestudents.Laterontheywereeachfined￡5for?34?tostopthepolicecatchingmotoristswhowere?35?thelaw.第27題答案是A.timeB.speedC.expenseD.area6.—Whatareyoulookingfor?（）—Ican’trememberwhereI____myglasses.A.wouldleaveB.leaveC.hadleftD.left7.根據(jù)下面資料，回答40-43題Lifegetsnoisiereverydayandveryfewpeoplecanfreefromnoiseofsomesortoranother．Itdoesn'tmatterwhereyoulive--inthemiddleofamoderncity,orafarawayvillage--thechancesthatyouwillbedisturbedbyjetaeroplanes,transistorradios,oilpoweredengines,etc．,arealmosteverywhere．Weseemtobegettingusedtonoise,too．Somepeoplefeelquitelonelywithoutbackgroundmusicwhiletheyareworking．Scientifictestshaveshownthattotalsilencecanbeveryfrighteningexperienceforhumanbeings．However,somepeopleenjoylisteningtopopmusicwhichisveryloud,andthiscandoharmtotheireardrums(耳鼓)．Thenoiselevelinsomediscoisfarabovetheusualsafetylevelforheavyindustrialareas．Onerecentreportaboutnoiseandconcentration(專心)suggestedthatalthoughalotofpeoplesaythatanynoisedisturbstheirconcentration,whatreallyaffectstheirabilitytoconcentrateisachangeinthelevelofnoise．Itgoesontosaythatabackgroundnoise,whichdoesn'tchangetoomuch(music,forexample)mayevenhelppeopletoconcentrate．Scientistshavediscoveredthatwhatpreventspeoplefromconcentratingis_______．A.anykindofnoiseB.greatchangesinlevelofnoiseC.backgroundnoiseD.variousbackgroundmusic8.Lucywasabouttogoout____thetelephonerang.（）A.afterB.beforeC.untilD.when9.BrightonisapopularseasidetownonthesouthcoastofEngland.Notlongago,somepolicemenwerevery（21）.Therehadbeenseveralseriousaccidents（22bymotoristsdrivingtoofast.Thepolicestartedtosetupaspeedtrap(速度監(jiān)視器).Theymeasured（23）of88yardsonastraightroadandwatchedtosee（24）acartookto（25）thatfar.Theyknewthatifacartooksixseconds,itwastravelingfaster（26）the（27）limitof30milesanhour.Whenthepolicemenwereready,theyhid（28）ahedge(樹(shù)籬)andstartedtotimepassingcars.Duringtheirfirsthalfanhour,theycaughtfivedrivers.Thepolicemenwrotedownthe（29）ofeachcarandthenameandaddressofthedriver.Butforthenexthalfanhourthepolicemendidn′tseeanybody（30）toofast.Theythoughtthatthiswasvery（31）.Oneofthemdroveaquarterofamilealongtheroadandsawtwostudents（32）onthegrass.Theywereholdingupasheetofcupboardsothatmotoristscouldseeit.Onthenoticeoneofthestudents（33）:"Danger.Speedtrap."Thepolicementookthenoticeawayandwrotedownthenamesofthestudents.Laterontheywereeachfined￡5for（34）tostopthepolicecatchingmotoristswhowere（35）thelaw.第（21）題選A.pleasedB.excitedD.puzzled10.PassageThreeIn2008，theUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)wantedtoknowifalltheschoollunchesservedtostudentswerehealthy．Theanswerwasabig，fatNO!TheUSDAfoundthatmostAmericanschoolsservedluncheswithtoomuchfatandsalt．Theyalsofoundthatmostofthefruitsandvegetablesinthelunchescamefromcans(罐頭)．Cannedfruitsandvegetablesarenotasgoodasfreshones．TheUSDAgivesschoolsfoodandmoneytomakelunches．Butschoolsmakeuptheirownmenus．Somemakehealthylunches．Mostdonot．NowtheUSDAwantsallschoolstoservemorehealthylunches．TheywantschoolstofollowtheUSDA’sguidelinesforbalanced(均衡)meals．TheUSDAisworkingonanewprogram--FreshStart．Itwillgiveschoolsmorefreshfruitsandvegetables．FreshStartwillalsohelpschoolschangetheirlunchestomakethemhealthier．Tofindthebestwaytochangelunches，theUSDAheldmeetingswithparents，schoolleaders，doctors，andcooks．ChildrenalreadyeathealthylunchesatChiefJosephSchoolinNorthSaratoga，Oregon．Theyhavewhole-wheatbreadwithlow-fatcheese,andlow-fatmilk．WhatisthegoaloftheFreshStartprogram?A.SellingfreshfruitsandvegetablesB.EmployinggoodcooksforschoolsC.HelpingimprovetheschoollunchesD.Findingabetterwaytotalkwithparents11.根據(jù)下面資料，回答36-39題Catsarecreaturesofhabit．Theyliketogotosleepaboutthesametimeeverydayandforacertainlengthoftime．Theyseemtohaveanaturalclockinsidethemthattellsthemwhentosleep．Catsincreasetheirregularsleepwithoccasionalcatnaps(打盹)．Someexpertsfeelthathumanscouldalsobenefitfromthishabit．Catnapshelptobuildupenergyinthebody．Theyarealsoagoodwaytogetridoftrouble!Sincecatshavethesamemoods(情緒)ashumans,someexpertsbelievethatpeoplecanimprovetheirmoods．Peoplemightbecomehappier．Anumberoffamouspeoplehavecopiedcatsbytakingcatnapsduringtheday．Thenapswouldusuallylastfrom15to30minutes．WinstonChurchilltookcatnaps．SodidPresidentsHarryTruman,JohnF．KennedyandLyndonB．Johnson．Thesefamousmenwereknownfortheirenergy．Theywerealsoabletoworklonghours,oftenintothenight．Nappingwastheirsecret．Perhapsmorepeoplelearnfromcatsandtakenapstofeelbetterandlivelonger!Napsusuallylast_______．A.threehoursB.lessthanhalfanhourC.forty-fiveminutesD.fifty-fiveminutes12.通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，從每小題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Athousandyearsago,HongKongwascoveredbyathickforest.Asmoreandmorepeoplecameto21inHongKong,thesetreeswerecutdownandburnt.Nowthereis22forestleft,thoughtherearestillsomesmallareascoveredwithtrees.Wecallthesewoods.Elephants,tigersandmany23animalswerelivinginthethickforest.WhenpeoplecametoliveinHongKong,the24begantodieout.Earlyfarmersgrewriceand25pigsandchickensinthevalleys.Theycutdownthetreesandburntthem.Theyneeded26tokeepthemselveswarminwinter,tocooktheirfoodandtokeepawaythedangerousanimals.Elephantsquicklydisappearedbecausetherewasnotenoughfoodforthem.27didmostofthewolvesandtigers.Monkeysandmanyotheranimalssoon28inthesameway.YoumightthinkthattherearenolongeranyanimalsinHongKong29inthezoos.Therearestillabout36differentanimals30there.OneofthemostinterestingofHongKong’sanimalsisthebarkingdeer.Thesearebeautifullittleanimals31arichbrowncoatandawhitepatchunderthetail.Theylooklikedeer32buttheyaremuchlikeadog33.InHongKongthebarkingdeerhasonlyarealenemy－34.Peoplehunttheselittleanimalsthoughitisillegal.Therearenownotmanybarkingdeerleft.Soitisimportant35peopletoprotectwildanimals.____.A.fireB.hotnessC.heatD.stoves13.AyoungwomaninasmallGermantownwasgoingtogiveapianoconcert.HerposterssaidthatshewasapupilofFranzLiszt,thegreatHungarianpianist.Thiswasnottrue.OnedaythewomanlearnedthatLiszthimselfwasintown.Nowpeoplewouldfindoutandshewouldneverbeabletogiveaconcertagain.Whatshouldshedo?Finallyshewenttoseethefamousmanherself.Shetoldhimeverything.Herparentsweredeadandshewasalone.Shehadtomakealiving.Shedecidedtogivepianolessonstorichchildren.Butwhowouldsendtheirchildrentoanunknownyoungwoman?SoshetoldpeopleFranzLisztwasherteacher."Ibelieveyou,"Lisztsaid."You′vedonewrong,butIcanseeyouaretrulysorryaboutit.That′senough.Nowletmehearyouplay."Theyoungwomanwasshyatfirst.ButthenshesawLisztsmiling.Itmadeherfeelbetter.Nowshewasn′tafraidanymore.Shestartedplaying.Sheputherheartintoitandsheplayedwonderfully.Lisztwasquitepleased.Whenshefinished,sheturnedtolookatLiszt.Therewasasmileonhisface.Shecouldseehewaspleased.ThenLisztgavehersomeadvice.Afterhefinished,"Nowyoureallyaremypupil.Goaheadwithyourconcert.Andyoucanaddanotetotheposters.Saythatyourteacherhimselfwillbethere.Hewillplaythelastpiece."WhydidtheyoungwomantellaliethatshewasapupilofFranzLiszt?A.BecauseshereallywasapupilofthegreatHungarianpianistB.BecauseshewantedtogivelessonstotherichchildrensothatshecouldmakealivingC.BecauseshewantedtocheatpeopleD.Becauseshewantedtoshowoffherself14.通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，從每小題的四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中選出可填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EleanorRooseveltwasthewifeofAmerica’s32ndpresident,FranklinRoosevelt.Shehelpedherhusbandinmanywaysduringhislong21life.Shealsobecameoneofthemost22womeninAmerica.Shefoughtforequalrightsforallpeople.EleanorwasborninNewYorkCityin1884.Herfamilyhadgreatwealth.ButEleanordidnothaveahappy23.Herparentsdiedwhenshewasveryyoung.Shewasraisedbyhergrandmother.Eleanor24thatasachild,hergreatesthappinesscamefromhelpingothers.Intheearly1900s,manypeoplewereworriedabouttheproblemsof25peoplewhocametoAmericain26ofabetterlife.Eleanorcouldnot27howpeoplelivedinsuchpoorconditionswhilesheandsomeothershadsomuch28.Aftershefinishedschool,Eleanorbegan29childrentoreadandwriteinoneofthepoorestareasofNewYorkCity.Shealsolookedinto30whereworkersweresaidtobebadly31.Shesawlittlechildrenoffourandfiveyearsoldworkinguntilthey32tothefloor.Shebecameinvolved（參與）withotherwomenwho33thesameideasaboutimprovingsocialconditions.FranklinRooseveltbegan34EleanorwhenhewasinNewYork.Theygot35in1905.Inthenextelevenyears,theyhadsixchildren.TheRooseveltmovedtoWashingtonD.C.in1913.____.A.differentB.importantC.lonelyD.strict15.InnearlyeverytownorcitycenterintheUK，onmostdaysoftheweekyoucanfindoneormorepeoplestandinginthestreetsellingamagazine21TheBigIssue．Thesepeopleareall22，buttheyarenotbeggingformoney．23，theyaresellingthemagazineasameans(手段)of24asmallbutrespectableliving．TheBigIssuemagazinewas25in1991byJonBirdandGordonRoddickafterthey26thatthereweremanyhomelesspeoplewhowere27onthestreetsofLondon．Onaprevious(之前的)28toNewYork，oneofthemhadseenhomelesspeoplesellinganewspaperknownasStreetNews29theydecidedtosetupsomething30intheBritishcapital．Nowadays，TheBigIssuehas31allovertheUKandthereareevendifferentversions(版本)ofthemagazineindifferentpartsofthe32．Thesellersbuyeachmagazinefromtheorganizationforseventypenceandthensellittoa33foronepoundfifty．ByworkingwithTheBigIssue，manypeoplehavebeen34toescapefromhomelessness，and35manyofthemhavemovedontonewjobsandnewlives．請(qǐng)選出最合適的選項(xiàng)（）。A.askedB.helpedC.neededD.forced16.KarenMaclnneshadspentninemonthsinthehospital.Asshegrewweaker,the16-year-oldgirlaskedherparents,"AmIgoingtodie?"AfriendoftheMaclnnesfamily,SheilaPetersen,knewofthisandofferedtohelp.Shevolunteered（自愿）notonlytofindnurses,butalsotoraisemoneyforKaren'scare.MoneywasreceivedfromsomanypeoplethatSheilacreatedafund,"FriendsofKaren".Afterleavingthehospital,Karenlivedfor11months."Andthosemonthswerehappyonesforher,"sayshermother,"thankstoSheila."EvenafterKarendied,peoplekeptsendingmoney.Sheilaputitintothefund,triedtofindsomeoneelsewhoneededhelp.Bylastmonth,FriendsofKarenwashelping70families."Istillhavearelationshipwitheachfamily,"saysSheila."Wehavefourchildrenwhoareneardeathnow,andIwanttobethereforthem."Sheilaadmits（承認(rèn)）theworkissometimesdifficult,butsays,"thesmileonachild'sfacemakesitallworthwhile（值得的）."HerparentsagreedtotakeKarenhomebecause____.A.thustheywouldsavemoneyB.medicalfundswouldn'tcoveranyofthefulltimemedicalcareC.theycouldn'tpayforherhospitalizationD.theyhopedtomakehersatisfiedCatsincreasetheirregularsleepwithoccasionalcatnaps(打盹)．Someexpertsfeelthathumanscouldalsobenefitfromthishabit．Catnapshelptobuildupenergyinthebody．Theyarealsoagoodwaytogetridoftrouble!Sincecatshavethesamemoods(情緒)ashumans,someexpertsbelievethatpeoplecanimprovetheirmoods．Peoplemightbecomehappier．Anumberoffamouspeoplehavecopiedcatsbytakingcatnapsduringtheday．Thenapswouldusuallylastfrom15to30minutes．WinstonChurchilltookcatnaps．SodidPresidentsHarryTruman,JohnF．KennedyandLyndonB．Johnson．Thesefamousmenwereknownfortheirenergy．Theywerealsoabletoworklonghours,oftenintothenight．Nappingwastheirsecret．Perhapsmorepeoplelearnfromcatsandtakenapstofeelbetterandlivelonger!WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.PeopleshouldtaketheirnapssecretlyB.CatshavethesamemoodsaspeopleC.SomefamouspeopletakecatnapsD.Somepeoplehavefullenergyaftertheytakecatnaps18.Cananimalsbemadetoworkforus?Somescientiststhinkthatonedayanimalsmaybetrained?todoanumberofsimplejobsthatarenowdonebyhumanbeings.Theypointoutthatatacircus,forexample,wemayseeelephants,monkeys,dogsandotherani-malsdoingquiteskillfulthings.Perhapsyouhaveseenthemonthetelevisionorinafilm.Ifyou?watchclosely,youmaynoticethatthetraineralwaysgivestheanimalapieceofcandyorapieceof?fruitasareward.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmaybetrainedtodoanumberof?simplejobsiftheyknowtheywillgetarewardfordoingthem.Ofcourse,asweknow,dogscanbeusedtoguardahouse,andsoldiersinbotholdandmodern?timeshaveusedgeesetogivewarningbymakingalotofnoisewhenastrangeroranenemycomes?near.Butitmaybepossibletotrainanimalstoworkinfactories.InRussia,forexample,pigeons?whicharebirdswithgoodeyesight,arebeingnsedtowatchoutforfaultsinsmallsteelballsthatare?beingmadeinonefactory.Whenthepigeonseesaballwhichlooksdifferentfromothers,ittouchesa?steelplatewithitsbeak.Thisturnsonalighttowarnpeopleinthefactory.Atthesametimeafew?seedsaregivenasareward.Ittakesthreetofiveweekstotrainapigeontodothisandonepigeon?caninspect3,000to4,000ballsanhour.ApeshavebeenusedinAmericainhelpingtomakecars,andscientistsbelievethattheselarge?monkeysmaybeonedaygathercropsandevendrivetrains.Thetrainerusuallygivestheanimalapieceofcandyorfruit__________.B.beforeitplaysatrickC.whenitstartstoplayatrickD.afterithasdonethetrick19.TheordinaryfamilyincolonialNorthAmericawasprimarilyconcernedwithsheerphysicalsurvivalandbeyondthat,isowneconomicprosperity.Thus,childrenwerevaluedintermsoftheirproductivity,andtheyassumedtheroleofproducerquiteearly.Untiltheyfulfilledthisrole,theirpositioninthestructureofthefamilywasoneofsubordination(從屬),andtheirpsychologicalneedsandcapacitiesreceivedlittleconsideration.Asthesocietybecamemorecomplex,thestatusofchildreninthefamilyandinthesocietybecamemoreimportant.Inthecomplex,technologicalsocietythattheUnitedStateshasbecome,eachmembermustfulfillanumberofpersonalandoccupationalrolesandbeinconstantcontactwithagreatmanyothermembers.Consequently,viewingchildrenaspotentiallyacceptablemembersofsocietymeansthattheyareregardedmoreaspeopleintheirownrightthanasutilitarianorganisms.Thisacceptanceofchildrenasequalparticipantsinthecontemporaryfamilyisreflectedinthevarietyofstatutesprotectingtherightsofchildrenandinthesocialpublicwelfareprogramsdevotedexclusivelytotheirwell-being.Thisnewwayofchildrenandtheincreasingcontactbetweenthemembersofsocietyhasalsoresultedinagreatinterestinchild-rearingtechniques.Peopletodayspendaconsiderableportionoftheirtimeontheproperwaytobringupchildren.Itisnowpossibletoinfluencethedetailsofthesocializationofanotherperson′schildbyspreadingtheprincipleofcurrentandfashionabletheoriesandmethodsofchild-rearing.Accordingtothepassage,parentshavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedin.A.theirchildren'sfutureoccupationsB.havingsmallerfamiliesC.adoptionprogramsforchildlesscouplesD.child-rearingtechniques20.Somepeopledonotlikeanythingtobeoutofplace．Theyareneverlateforwork；theyreturntheirbookstothelibraryontime；theyrememberpeople'sbirthdaysandtheypaytheirbillsassoonastheyarrive．Mr．Brownissuchaperson．Mr．Brownworksinabank,andlivesonhisown．Hissisterlivesinthenexttownwithherhusband,andherson,Mark．Mr．Browndoesn'tseehissisterorherfamilyfromoneyeartothenext,buthesendsthemChristmascards,andhehasn'tforgottenoneofMark'sseventeenbirthdays．LastweekMr．Brownhadquiteasurprise．Hedrovehomefromthebankattheusualtime；drivingneithertooslowlynortoofast,heparkedhiscarwherehealwaysparkedit,outofthewayofothercars,andhewentinsidetomakehiseveningmeal．Justthentherewasaknockatthedoor．Mr．Brownopenedthedoortofindapolicemanstandingonthedoorstep．"WhathaveIdonewrong?"Mr．Brownaskedhimself．"HaveIdrivenonthewrongsideoftheroad?Hastherebeensometroubleatthebank?HaveIforgottentopayanimportantbill?""Hello,uncle,"saidthepoliceman,"Myname'sMark．"Thepolicemanwasthere_______．A.tomeetMr.Brown,hisuncleB.toaskMr.BrowntogoandseehisuncleC.toaskMr.BrowntomarkhisnameonhisdoorD.toseeMr.Brownaboutsometroubleatthebank21.Onceamonth,justaftersunset,trucksfillanoutdoorparkinglotinLosAngeles,California．Sometruckssellallkindsoffood.Othershaveclothingforsale.Theseareknownasfashion（時(shí)尚）trucks.It'sreallyfuntogothrougheverythinginthetruck.Thebackofthetruckisasmallstore.Clothinghangsononeside.Jewelry（首飾）andpursesareontheother.Thestorelookscolorfulandiswellorganized.Thereisalsoaverysmallroomfortryingonclothes.JordanaFortalezaisoneofthetruckowners.Shesaysthecostofowningatruckismuchlowerthanpayingforastore.Andthereisanotherreasontouseatruck.Youcantakeyourbusinesstoyourcustomers.Buttherearealsodifficulties.Thebiggestproblemistheweather.Inwinter,it'scoldoutsideandthere'snoonearound.Anotherproblemiskeepingthetruckingoodcondition.Whenitbreaksdown,therepairscantakedays.Businessstopsduringthetime.Ithappensatleastonceayearbecausehertruckis38yearsold．MeaganRogersisafashionschoolgraduate.Shesaysthejobmarketissohardnow,butwithafashiontruckshe'sabletostartearningmoneywhileherclassmatesarestillworkingwithoutpay.WhatdoweknowaboutMeaganRogers?（）A.ShehasstartedmakingmoneyB.Shehasn'tfinishedherschoolC.SheishappytohelpherclassmatesD.Shehasproblemswithhertruck22.--Willyoupleaseopenthedoorforme?（）____.A.MypleasureB.Yes,pleaseC.You'rewelcomeD.NotatallObviously,therewouldbenopointininvestinginacomputerifyouhadtocheckallitsanswers,butpeopleshouldalsorelyontheirowninternalcomputersandcheckthemachinewhentheyhavethefeelingthatsomethinghasgoneaway.Questioningandroutinedoublechecksmustcontinuetobeasmuchapartofgoodbusinessastheywereinprecomputerdays.Maybeeachcomputershouldcomewiththefollowingwarming:forallthehelpthiscomputermayprovide,itshouldnotbeseenasasubstituteforfundamentalthinkingandreasoningskills.Accordingtothepassage,initialconcernsaboutcomputerswerethattheymight____.（）A.leadusintothepost-wareraB.bequitewidespreadC.takecontrolD.takeoverroutinetasks24.Suchelectrontubes________inaradiosetarealsofoundinaTVset.A.thatweuseB.asweuseC.asweusethemD.thatweusethem25.Ihavebeenhearing-impairedinmylifesinceIwasfiveyearsold.Puttingonhearingaidsinthe?morninghasbeenjustas（21）asbrushingmyteeth.HoweverIneverbelievedthatitshouldlimit?my（22）inanyway.Duringmy17yearsIhavemetmanypeoplewhodon′tknowabout（23）disabilitiesanddeal?with（24）bystereotyping（對(duì)某人有固定的看法）inc.Myteacherwouldnotletmesitpastthe?secondrowbecausethey（25）Iwouldnotbeabletohear.Peopletendtospeak（26）thannor-malwhentheyseemythickplastichearingaidsinmyears.However,myhearingdisabilityhasmade?meastrongerperson.BecauseIwearhearingaidsIhavetoprovethatIamnot（27）ormentally?limited.Ihavetoworkharderandearntopgradesinschooltoearnthe（28）ofmyteachers.In?shorts,I′vehadtorunfaster,catchbetterandscore