牛津譯林版（2019）選擇性必修 第一冊Unit4 Fun with Science Grammar and composition含蓄虛擬語氣（二）導學案（答案不全）

虛擬語氣（二）（一）在英語中，表示假想或非真實情況，而不表示客觀存在的事實時，常用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣常見于含有條件狀語從句的句子中。虛擬語氣條件狀語從句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設過去式(be動詞一般用were)would/should/could/might+動詞原形與過去事實相反的假設had+過去分詞would/should/could/might+have+過去分詞與將來事實相反的假設過去式或wereto/should+動詞原形would/should/could/might+動詞原形（二）有時假設的條件不通過條件狀語從句表達出來，而是隱含在某些詞或短語中，或隱含在上下文中，這叫含蓄條件句。一．常用的這類詞或短語有:without,with,butfor,otherwise,orIcouldn'thavegonethroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.We__________________(put)John'snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe___________________(visit)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.二．虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反過去式(be動詞一般用were)與過去事實相反had+過去分詞對將來的愿望would/could+動詞原形Point1虛擬語氣在wish后的賓語從句中的用法--Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.--Iwishtheyweren'talwayslate.IwishI______________(tell)himthewaytothesupermarket.Iwishyou______________(go)withustomorrow.Point2在表示建議、提議、命令、要求等的動詞后的賓語從句中，常用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”。常見的此類動詞有：一堅持:___________;二命令:order,_________;四建議:suggest,advise,_____________,recommend;五要求:require,___________,___________,desire,urgeThegraduateinsistedthathe______________(go)toworkinthesouth.Theleadersorderedthatafact-findinggroup_____________________(form).【特別注意】當suggest意為“暗示，表明”,insist意為“堅持認為，堅持說”時，后接的賓語從句應當用陳述語氣，不用虛擬語氣。Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.Heinsistedthathehadn'tstolenthemoney.Point3表示建議、提議、命令、要求等的名詞后的表語從句或同位語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”。常見的這類名詞有:advicedemanddesireideamotionorderplanproposalrequestsuggestionHisdemandisthattheboy（should)gowiththem.Weagreedtotheorderthatthetask____________________(complete)before5o'clock.虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在/將來事實相反過去式(be動詞一般用were)與過去事實相反had+過去分詞Point4在wouldrather后的賓語從句中：IwouldratherI_________(leave)now.Iwouldratheryou_________(come)nextmonth.Iwouldratherhe_______________(pass)theexamyesterday.虛擬語氣在其他句型中的應用虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反過去式(be動詞一般用were)與過去事實相反had+過去分詞與將來事實相反would/could/might+動詞原形Point1虛擬語氣用于asif/asthough引導的表語從句和方式狀語從句Youtreatthemasifthey_______(be)yourparents.Heactedasthoughnothing________________(happen).Theytalkedandtalkedasifthey________________(notmeet)again.Point2在It's(high/about)time(that)...句型中，that引導的定語從句通常用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞用過去式(did)或“should+動詞原形”(should不能省略),意為“該是…的時候了”Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathe______________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.Itistimethatyou____________________(go)tobed,Tom.Point3虛擬語氣用于ifonly引導的條件句或感嘆句虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反過去式或(be動詞一般用were)與過去事實相反had+過去分詞與將來事實相反would/could+動詞原形IfonlyIwereyoungernow!Ifonlyyou___________________(work)withgreatercare!IfonlyI_____________(go)tothemoononeday!Point4虛擬語氣用在itis(high/about)timethat….句型中，that引導的從句中謂語動詞用__________________________.Itishightimewe_____(play)games.Point5如果表示說話人的看法或意見，在句型Itis/was+adj+that從句中，主語從句可用虛擬語氣，主語從句謂語動詞用shoulddo表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r，用shouldhavedone表示過去情況：Itisimportantthatwe（should）protectourenvironmenteveryday.Itisnecessarythatyou_______(clean)thelabbeforeyouleft.Itisimportantthatyou________(take)thedoctor’sadvice.Itwasverystrangethathe_____________(leave)withoutsayinggoodbye.鞏固練習單句語法填空1.It’stoobadthatmycomputerhasgotanewvirus.IfonlyI_________(notrun)thatprogram!2.Thatsoundslikeaclosematch.HowIwishI_________(watch)itasyoudid!3.—ShallItellthemthebadnews?—No,Iwouldratherthey_________(notknow)it.4.HadIknownaboutthatusefulcomputerprogram,I_________(save)ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.5.MostofthetopleadersexpressedacommondesireattheU.N.conference,onethatdifferentcultures_________(coexist)withtolerance.6.Don’tlookinthemirroroflifeandwishyou_________(be)someoneyou’renot.7.Withoutyourhelp,I_________(get)firstprizeintheEnglishSpeakingContest.8.Ifthere_________(be)ahospitalnearby,themanwouldhavebeensaved.9.HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?Ifyouhaven'tbeento,whichsiteswouldyouvisitifyou_________(get)thechance?10.Ifhe_________(follow)thedoctor’sadvicetotakemedicinethreetimesadaythen,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.II.單句改錯1.Theyadvocatetheproposalthatwewereopposedtotakingapaycutatthenextmeeting.2.We'llmakethefinaldecisiononourscheme.Wouldyouchangeyourmind,pleaseinformusassoonaspossible.3.Iwascaughtinatrafficjamforoveranhour;otherwise,Iwouldn'tkeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.4.Ifwebookedatableearlier,wewouldn'tbestandinghereinaqueue.5.Wereitraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeput