醫(yī)改專(zhuān)項(xiàng)方案英文版

中共中央國(guó)務(wù)院相關(guān)深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革意見(jiàn)參考譯文OpinionsoftheCPCCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncilonDeepeningtheHealthCareSystemReformInthespiritofthe17thCPCNationalCongress,forthepurposeofestablishingahealthcaresystemwithChinesecharacteristics,ofgraduallyrealizingthegoalthateveryoneisentitledtobasichealthcareservices,andofraisingthehealthleveloftheChinesepeople,weherebyputforwardthefollowingopinionsondeepeningthehealthcaresystemreform.I.Fullyrecognizingtheimportance,urgencyandarduousnessofdeepeningthehealthcaresystemreformThehealthcaresectorisamajorlivelihoodissue,asitiscloselyrelatedtothehealthofbillionsofpeopleandthehappinessofeveryhousehold.Todeepenthehealthcaresystemreform,quickenthedevelopmentofhealthcaresector,meetthepeople’severincreasinghealthcaredemands,andcontinuouslyimprovethepeople’shealthisaninevitablerequirementofimplementingtheScientificOutlookonDevelopmentandacceleratingeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinacoordinatedandsustainablemanner,animportantmeasuretomaintainsocialfairnessandjusticeandimprovethequalityofpeople’slife,andalsoamajortaskofbuildingmoderatelyprosperoussocietyinanall-roundwayandconstructingharmonioussocialistsociety.SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949,andsincethebeginningofthereformandopening-upinparticular,China’shealthcaresectorhasmaderemarkableachievements.Ahealthservicesystemcoveringbothurbanandruralresidentshasbasicallycomeintobeing;thediseasepreventionandtreatmentcapacityhasbeencontinuouslystrengthened;thepopulationcoveredbyhealthcarehasgraduallyexpanded;healthscienceandtechnologylevelhasrapidlyrisen;thepeople’shealthlevelhasbeenmarkedlyimproved;andthemajorresidenthealthindexesnowrankamongthehighestinthedevelopingcountries.SincethemajorvictorywonincombatingSARSinparticular,governmentsatvariouslevelshaveincreasedtheirinvestment,thedevelopmentofpublichealth,ruralhealthcareandurbancommunityhealthcarehasbeenaccelerated,andtheNewRuralCooperativeMedicalSchemeandthebasicmedicalinsurancesystemforurbanresidentshavemadebreakthroughs,allofwhichhavelaidasolidfoundationfordeepeningthehealthcaresystemreform.Atthesametime,however,wemustbeawarethatthereisstillaratherprominentcontradictionbetweenthecurrentdevelopmentlevelofChina’shealthcaresectorandthepeople’shealthdemandsandtherequirementsofbalancedsocio-economicdevelopment.Healthcareundertakingsaredevelopingunevenlybetweenurbanandruralareasandamongdifferentregions;resourceallocationisunreasonable;theworkofpublichealthaswellasruralandcommunityhealthcareiscomparativelyweak;themedicalinsurancesystemisincomplete;pharmaceuticalproductionandcirculationorderisnotwellregulated;thehospitalmanagerialsystemandoperationalmechanismareimperfect;governmentinvestmentinhealthisinsufficient;medicalcostsaresoaring,individualburdenistooheavy,andtherefore,thepeople’sreactionisverystrong.Featuringarduoushealthcaretasks,theperiodfromnowtoiscrucialforChinatobuildmoderatelyprosperoussocietyinanall-roundway.Alongwitheconomicdevelopmentandimprovementofpeople’slivingstandards,thepeoplewillmakehigherdemandsonbetteringhealthcareservices.Industrialization,urbanization,populationaging,diseasespectrumchange,eco-environmentalchangeandotherfactorsposeaseriesofnewandseriouschallengestothehealthcarework.Todeepenthehealthcaresystemreformisastrategicchoicetoacceleratethedevelopmentofhealthcareundertakings,animportantchanneltorealizethegoalofenablingpeopletosharetheachievementsofreformanddevelopment,andanurgentaspirationofthebroadmassesofthepeople.Deepeningthehealthcaresystemreformisadifficultsocialsystemicprojectinvolvingbroadaspects.Chinahasalargepopulation,lowpercapitaincome,significanturban-ruralandregionaldisparities,andwillbeattheprimarystageofsocialismforalongperiodoftime.Thesebasicnationalconditionsdeterminethatthetaskofdeepeningthehealthcaresystemreformisextremelycomplicatedandarduous,andthatitwillbeagradualprocess.Therefore,onlythroughlongandarduousendeavorsandperseverantexplorationsonthebasisofspecifieddirectionsandframeworkcanweprogressivelyestablishahealthcaresysteminlinewiththecountry’sactualnationalconditions.Toensurethereformproceedsmoothlyandreachtheexpectedgoals,notonlythereformshouldbepushedforwardwithfirmdetermination,butalsotheworkbewellorganizedandsteadilyimplemented.II.Theguidelines,basicprinciplesandoverallgoalofdeepeningthehealthcaresystemreform(i)TheguidelinesfordeepeningthehealthcaresystemreformItshouldbeguidedbytheimportantthoughtsofDengXiaopingtheoryandThreeRepresents;itshouldimplementindepththeScientificOutlookonDevelopment;itshouldproceedfromChina’snationalconditions,anddrawontheusefulinternationalexperience;itshouldaimatachievingthegoalofensuringbasichealthcareservicesforeveryone,andemphaticallyaddresstheproblemsconcerningthemostdirectandrealinterestsofthepeopleortheonesthatthepeoplearemostconcernedabout.Itshouldadheretothecommonwealnatureofpublichealthcare;itshouldadheretothepolicyofregardingpreventionasthemaintaskandtheruralareasasthefocalpoint,andoflayingequalstressontraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)andwesternmedicine;itshouldimplementseparationbetweengovernmentagenciesandpublicinstitutions,betweengovernmentadministrationandbusinessoperations,betweenmedicalandpharmaceuticalservices,andbetweenprofitandnon-profit;itshouldstrengthengovernmentresponsibilityandinvestment,improvenationalhealthpolicies,perfectinstitutionalsystems,enhancesupervisionandregulation,promoteinstitutionalinnovations,andencouragesocialparticipation,soastoconstructabasichealthcaresystemcoveringurbanandruralresidents,continuouslyraisethehealthleveloftheentirepopulation,andpromotesocialharmony.(ii)TheprinciplesfordeepeningthehealthcaresystemreformThehealthcaresystemreformmustbefirmlybasedonthecountry’sbasicconditionsandproceedfromreality,adheretotherightreformprinciples.-Weshouldadheretothepeople-firstprincipleandattachprimaryimportancetosafeguardingtherightsandinterestsofthepeople’shealth.Weshouldadheretothetenetofservingthepeople’shealthwithhealthcareundertakings;regardsafeguardingthepeople’shealthasthecenter,andtaketheentitlementofbasichealthcareservicestoeveryoneasthefundamentalaimandoutcome;makesurethattheprincipleofcommonwealnaturebecompliedwiththroughouttheentireprocess,fromdesigningthereformprogram,establishingthehealthsystem,toconstructingthehealthcareservicesystem;ensurethatthebasichealthcaresystembepublicgoodsprovidedtotheentirepopulation;emphaticallyresolvetheprominentproblemstowhichpeoplestronglyreact,andstrivetoachievethegoalofensuringthathealthcareservicesbeavailabletotheentirepopulation.-WeshouldadheretofindingafootholdinChina’snationalconditionsandbuildthehealthcaresystemwithChinesecharacteristics.Weshouldadheretoproceedingfromthecountry’sbasicconditions,sumupthepracticalexperienceofthereformanddevelopmentofChina’shealthcareundertakingsbyseekingtruthfromfacts,andaccuratelyidentifythelawofdevelopmentandprincipalchallengesofhealthcareundertakings;adheretoensuringthatthebasichealthcareservicelevelisincoordinationwiththesocio-economicdevelopment,andinconjunctionwiththeaffordabilityofthepeople;bringtheroleofTCM(includingethnicminoritytraditionalmedicine)intofullplay;adheretopositioningonlocalconditions,specifyingguidancefordifferentlocalities,givingfullplaytolocalinitiatives,andexploringwiththeaimtoestablishingthebasichealthcaresystemconformingtothecountry’snationalconditions.-Weshouldadheretotheunityoffairnessandefficiencyandcombinegovernment’sleadingrolewiththeroleofmarketforces.Weshouldintensifygovernment’sresponsibilityinthebasichealthcaresystem,strengthengovernmentalfunctionsininstitutionalization,planning,fund-raising,serviceprovision,supervisionandregulation,etc.,safeguardthecommonwealnatureofpublichealthcaresystem,andadvancefairnessandjustice.Inaddition,weshouldemphaticallygivefullplaytotheroleofmarketforces,callonsocialparticipation,promotetheformationoforderlycompetitionmechanism,upgradeoperationalefficiency,servicelevelandqualityofthehealthcaresystem,andsatisfythepeople’smulti-layeranddiversifieddemandsforhealthcareservices.-Weshouldadheretooverallplanningandall-roundconsiderationandcombineresolvingcurrentlyprominentproblemswithimprovingtheinstitutionalsystem.Weshouldproceedfromtakingtheoverallsituationintoconsideration,balanceurbanandruraldevelopmentanddevelopmentamongdifferentregions,reconciletheinterestsofthesupplier,thecustomerandotherstakeholders,emphasizethecombinationofprevention,treatmentandrehabilitation,andappropriatelyhandletherelationshipamonggovernment,healthcareinstitutions,pharmaceuticalenterprises,healthcareworkersandthepeople.Weshouldbefar-sightedandengageininstitutionalinnovationsontheonehand,andfocusoncurrentsituationandemphaticallytackletheprominentproblemsofthehealthcaresystemontheotherhand;Weshouldpayadequateattentiontotheoveralldesign,clarifytheoverallreformdirection,objectiveandbasicframeworkontheonehand,andhighlightthekeypoints,conductstep-by-stepimplementation,andactivelyandprudentlypressaheadwiththereformontheotherhand.(iii)TheoverallgoalofdeepeningthehealthcaresystemEstablishandimprovethebasichealthcaresystemcoveringurbanandruralresidents,andprovidethepeoplewithsecure,efficient,convenientandaffordablehealthcareservices.By,thebasicmedicalsecuritysystemshallhavecompletelycoveredurbanandruralresidents,theessentialmedicinessystemshallhavebeenpreliminarilyestablished,urbanandruralgrass-rootshealthcareservicesystemshallhavebeenfurtherstrengthened,thebasicpublichealthservicesshallhavebeenavailablefarandwide,pilotprojectsforreformingstate-ownedhospitalsshallhavemadebreakthroughs,theaccessibilitytothebasichealthcareservicesshallhavebeenimprovedmarkedly,residents’burdenofmedicalcostsshallbeeffectivelyreduced,andtheproblemof“difficultandcostlyaccesstohealthcareservices”shallhavebeenremarkablyrelieved.By,thebasichealthcaresystemcoveringurbanandruralresidentsshallhavebeenfundamentallyestablished.Weshallhavesetup,acrossthecountry,afairlycompletepublichealthservicesystemandhealthcareservicesystem,acomparativelysoundmedicalsecuritysystem,asecuredandrelativelywellregulatedpharmaceuticalsupplysystem,acomparativelysoundhealthcareinstitutionmanagementandoperationalsystem,amulti-sponsoredmedicalconfigurationshallbeformed,everyoneshallhaveaccesstothebasichealthcareservices,themulti-layerdemandsofthepeopleforhealthcareservicesshallbemetpreliminarily,andthehealthlevelofthepeopleshallbefurtherenhanced.III.ImprovingfourmajorhealthcaresystemsandestablishingthebasichealthcaresystemcoveringurbanandruralresidentsFoursystemscoveringurbanandruralresidentsshallbeestablished,includingthepublichealthservicesystem,healthcareservicesystem,medicalsecuritysystem,andasecuredpharmaceuticalsupplysystem,withanaimtoforminga“fourinone”basichealthcaresystem.Thefoursystemsshallbeconstructedinconjunctionwitheachother,supplementeachotheranddevelopinacoordinatedway.(iv)Strengtheningtheconstructionofthepublichealthservicesysteminanall-roundwayEffortsshouldbemadetoestablishandimproveprofessionalpublichealthservicenetworks,whichincludediseasespreventionandcontrol,healtheducation,maternityandchildcare,mentalhealth,emergencytreatment,bloodcollectionandsupply,hygienesupervision,familyplanning,andetc.;improvethepublichealthservicefunctionsofthebasichealthcareservicesystem,whichisbasedongrass-rootshealthcareservicenetwork;establishapublichealthservicesystemfeaturingaclear-cutdivisionofwork,information-exchanging,resource-sharing,coordinationandinteraction;improvethecapacitytodealwithpublichealthserviceandpublichealthemergencies,andmakeequalizedbasicpublichealthservicesgraduallyavailabletourbanandruralresidents.Effortsshouldbemadetoidentifythescopeofpublichealthservices.Clarifythenationalbasicpublichealthserviceitems,andincreasestepbysteptheservicecontents.Encouragethelocalgovernmentstoincrease,inaccordancewiththelocaleconomicdevelopmentlevelandprominentpublichealthproblems,theirpublichealthservicecontentsonthebasisoftheserviceitemsdefinedbythecentralgovernment.Effortsshouldbemadetoimprovethepublichealthservicesystem.Furtherclarifythefunctions,goalandtasksofthepublichealthservicesystem,optimizepersonnelandequipmentconfigurations,andexploretheeffectivemeansofintegratingpublichealthserviceresources.Perfectthemajordiseasespreventionandcontrolsystemaswellaspublichealthemergencymechanism,strengthenthesurveillance,preventionandcontrolofthediseasesthatseverelythreateningthepeople’shealth,suchasinfectiousdiseases,chronicdiseases,endemicdiseases,occupationaldiseases,birthdefects,andsoon.Andstrengthentheconstructionofurbanandruralfirst-aidsystem.Effortsshouldbemadetostrengthenhealthpromotionandeducation.Healthcareinstitutions,governmentagencies,schools,communities,enterprises,etc.shallmassivelycarryouthealtheducation,takefulladvantageofvariousmedia,strengthenthedisseminationofmedicalandhealthknowledge,advocatehealthyandcivilizedlifestyle,promoterationalnutritionamongthepublic,andenhancethehealthawarenessandself-careabilityofthepeople.Effortsshouldbemadetoimplementindepththepatrioticpublichealthcampaign.Integratetheruralenvironmentalsanitationandenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentintothenewsocialistruralconstructionplan,promotetheconstructionof“HygienicCitiesandCivilizedVillagesandTowns”,andcontinuouslyimprovetheenvironmentalsanitationoflifeandworkofurbanandruralresidents.Effortsshouldbemadetostrengthenhygienesupervisionservices.Intensivelypromoteenvironmentalsanitation,foodhygiene,occupationalhealth,schoolhealthaswellasthehealthservicesforfloatingpopulation,suchasmigrantworkers,etc.(v)FurtherimprovingthehealthcareservicesystemArationallystructuredhealthcareservicesystemcoveringurbanandruralresidentsshouldbeestablishedbyadheringtotheoperationalprincipleoftakingthenon-profithealthcareinstitutionsasthemainbody,for-profithealthcareinstitutionsasthesupplement,withthestate-ownedinstitutionsplayingaleadingrole,whilenon-state-ownedhealthcareinstitutionsmakingsynergiesinthedevelopment.Effortsshouldbemadetoenergeticallydeveloptheruralhealthcareservicesystem.Effortsshouldbemadetofurthercompletetheruralhealthcareservicenetworkwithcounty-levelhospitalsasthebellwether,townshiphealthcentersandvillageclinicsasthebasis.Astheintra-countyhealthcarecenter,thecounty-levelhospitalsshallbemainlyinchargeofthebasichealthcareservices,treatingandsavingpatientswithsevereoracutediseases,aswellastaketheresponsibilityofprovidingprofessionalandtechnicalguidancetotownshiphealthcentersandvillageclinicsandofferingfurthereducationandtrainingtothehealthcareworkersoftwolatterinstitutions.Thetownshiphealthcentersshalltaketheresponsibilityofprovidingpublichealthservicesandcomprehensiveservicesofdiagnosingandtreatingthecommonlyorfrequentlyencountereddiseases,andofofferingprofessionalmanagementoverandtechnicalguidancetovillageclinics,whichshall,inturn,taketheresponsibilityoftheadministrativevillages’publichealthservices,thediagnosesandtreatmentofgeneraldiseasesandotherservices.Anintegratedapproachshallbeadoptedtomanageboththetownshiphealthcentersandvillageclinicsintheruralareaswhereconditionspermit.Effortsshouldbemadetoactivelypromotetheconstructionofruralhealthcareinfrastructureandcapacitybuilding.Thegovernmentshallfocusonthewell-runningofthecounty-levelhospitalsandahealthcenterineachtown,supporttheconstructionofvillageclinicsthroughvariousways,andensurethateachadministrativevillagehaveaclinic,soastovigorouslyimproveruralhealthcareconditionsandupgradeservicequality.Effortsshouldbemadetoimprovethenewurbanhealthcareservicesystemonthebasisofcommunityhealthcareservices.Quickenthebuildingoftheurbancommunityhealthcareservicenetworkwithcommunityhealthcentersasthemainbody,andimproveservicefunctions.Withsafeguardingthecommunityresidents’healthasthefocalpoint,providethemwithpublichealthservicessuchasdiseasespreventionandcontrol,preliminarydiagnosesandtreatmentofthegeneral,commonlyandfrequentlyencountereddiseases,chronicdiseasesmanagementandrehabilitationservices.Transformthecommunityhealthcareservicemode,continuouslyraisetheservicelevel,taketheinitiativetoofferservices,providehouseholdvisits,andgraduallyassumetheresponsibilityanddutiesofthe“gate-keeper”forresidents’health.Effortsshouldbemadetocompletethefunctionsandresponsibilitiesofvarioushospitals.Effortsshouldbemadetooptimizetheconfigurationandstructure,givefullplaytothebackboneroleofurbanhospitalsintermsofdiagnosesandtreatmentofdangerous,severeandacutediseasesaswellasdifficultandcomplicateddiseases,medicaleducation,research,guidingandtraininggrass-rootshealthcareworkers,andetc.Conditionspermitting,majorhospitalsmay,inlightofdemandsoftheregionalhealthplanning,promotetherationalflowingofhealthcareresourcesthroughmeansoftrusteeship,reorganization,andetc.Effortsshouldbemadetoestablishthemechanismoflabordivisionandworkcoordinationbetweenurbanhospitalsandcommunityhealthserviceinstitutions.Urbanhospitalsshall,throughtechnicalsupport,personneltrainingandotherways,leadthesustainabledevelopmentofcommunityhealthservices.Meanwhile,urbanhospitalsshalltakesuchcomprehensivemeasuresasstrengtheningservicecapacity,reducingfeesandcharges,raisingreimbursementratioandetc.toguidegeneraldiagnosisandtreatmentdowntograss-rootsmedicalinstitutions,andgraduallyachievethegoaloftheinitialdiagnosistobeconductedincommunityhealthcenters,classificationofmedicaltreatments,anddualreferral.Effortsshouldbemadetointegrateurbanhealthresources,makefulluseofexistingsources,suchasprimaryandsecondaryurbanhospitals,healthcareinstitutionsaffiliatedtostate-ownedenterprisesandpublicinstitutionsandotherprivately-runmedicalinstitutions,anddevelopandimprovethecommunityhealthservicenetwork.EffortsshouldbemadetobringintofullplaytheroleofTCM(includingethnicminoritytraditionalmedicine)inthepreventionandcontrolofdiseases,publichealthemergencyresponse,aswellasinhealthcareservices.ReinforcetheconstructionofTCMclinicalresearchbasesandTCMhospitals,organizeandcarryoutthejointresearchofpreventingandtreatingdifficultandcomplicateddiseaseswithTCM.VigorouslypromoteappropriateTCMtechniquesingrass-rootshealthcareservices.TakeupfavorablepoliciestofosterTCMdevelopment,andpromotetheinheritanceandinnovationsofTCM.Effortsshouldbemadetoestablishthesystemofurbanhospitalsofferingcounterpartsupporttoruralhealthcare.Thedevelopedregionsshallreinforcetheircounterpartsupporttothedevelopmentofhealthcareundertakingsinthepoverty-strickenregionsandethnicminorityregions.Majorurbanhospitalsshallestablishlong-termstablecounterpartsupporttoandcooperationwithcounty-levelhospitals,assistingthelattertoimprovehealthcarelevelandservicecapacitythroughclinicalpractice,stafftraining,technicalguidance,equipmentsupportandotherways.(vi)QuickeningtheconstructionofthemedicalsecuritysystemEffortsshouldbemadetoquickentheconstructionandimprovementofthemulti-layermedicalsecuritysystemcoveringurbanandruralresidents,withthebasicmedicalsecurityasthemainbody,andotherdiversifiedsupplementalmedicalinsuranceandcommercialhealthinsuranceasthesupplement.Effortsshouldbemadetoestablishthebasicmedicalsecuritysystemcoveringurbanandruralresidents.Thebasicmedicalsecuritysystemshallbejointlycomposedofurbanemployees’basicmedicalinsurance,urbanresidents’basicmedicalinsurance,NewRuralCooperativeMedicalSchemeandurban-ruralmedicalassistancesystem,coveringurbanemployees,urbannon-employees,ruralpopulation,andurbanandruraleconomicallystrainedresidents,respectively.Effortsshouldbemadetoadheretotheprincipleofcoveringawidecoverage,ensuringbasicmedicalservicesandpursuingsustainabledevelopment,proceedfromemphaticallyensuringthetreatmentofmajordiseases,graduallyextendtotheailmentsforclinics,andcontinuouslyraisethemedicalsecuritylevel.Effortsshouldbemadetoestablishamulti-channelfund-raisingmechanismfeaturingaclear-cutdivisionofresponsibilityofthegovernment,employer,familyandindividual,andrationalexpense-sharingproportions,soastoachievesocialmutual-aid.Alongwitheconomicandsocialdevelopment,effortsshouldbemadetoupliftthefundraisingandpoolinglevelsstepbystep,narrowthegapbetweendifferentinsuranceschemes,andeventuallyachievethefundamentalunityofthoseschemes.Effortsshouldbemadetofurthercompleteurbanemployees’basicmedicalinsurancesystem,quickenthecoverageoftheemployedpopulation,emphaticallyaddressbasicmedicalinsuranceproblemsofemployeesandretireesoftheclosed-downorbankruptedstate-ownedenterprisesandenterpriseswithfinancialdifficulties,employeesofnon-publiceconomicsectorsaswellastemporarycontractworkers;fullyimplementtheurbanresidentbasicmedicalinsurancein,andlaystressontacklingbasicmedicalinsuranceproblemsconcerningtheaged,thedisabledandthechildren;fullyimplementtheNewRuralCooperativeMedicalScheme,progressivelyraisethegovernmentsubsidylevel,andappropriatelyincreasethefarmers’contributions,soastoenhancethemedicalsecuritycapacity;upgradetheurbanandruralmedicalassistancesystem,subsidizethosewhoareeconomicallystrainedforthepremiumpayment，andsubsidizethemfortheirunbearablemedicalexpenses,bythiswaytobuildafirmmedicalsecuritybaseline.Andeffortsshouldbemadetoexploretheestablishmentofmanagementmechanismforanintegratedurbanandruralbasicmedicalsecuritysystem.Effortsshouldbemadetoencouragetradeunionsandothersocialgroupstocarryoutdiversifiedmutualaidactivitiesforhealthcare,andencourageandguidevariousorganizationsandindividualstodevelopcharitymedicalassistance.Effortsshouldbemadetoproperlylinktheurbanemployees’basicmedicalinsurancesystem,urbanresidents’basicmedicalinsurancesystem,NewRuralCooperativeMedicalSchemeandurbanandruralmedicalassistancesystem.Effortsshouldbemadetoactivelyandproperlyconductthetransferalandcontinuationofbasicmedicalinsurancecredentialsfromoneregiontoanother,layingstressonthemigrantworkersfloatingbetweenurbanandruralareas;improvethesettlementservicesfortreatmentreceivedallopatry,focusingattentionontheretireessettledinplacesotherthanthelocalitywheretheyusedtowork;properlyaddressbasicmedicalinsuranceissuesconcerningmigrantworkers;inlightofgovernmentregulations,clarifythecontributionobligationsofenterpriseswithwhommigrantworkerssignemploymentcontractsandestablishsteadylaborrelationship,andsuchmigrantworkersshallbeintegratedintourbanemployees’basicmedicalinsurancesystem;othermigrantworkersmayparticipate,inaccordancewiththeiractualsituation,intheNewRuralCooperativeMedicalSchemeoftheplacesoftheirorigin,ortheurbanresidents’basicmedicalinsuranceoftheirworklocations.Effortsshouldbemadetoactivelydevelopcommercialhealthinsurance.Encouragecommercialinsuranceagenciestodevelophealthinsuranceproductstomeetdifferentdemands,simplifyclaimformalities,provideconveniencetothepeople,andsatisfydiversifiedhealthdemands.Encourageenterprisesandindividualstoresolvetheirdemandsbeyondthebasicmedicalinsurancethroughparticipatingincommercialinsuranceanddiversifiedsupplementalinsurance.Onthepremiseensuringfundsecurityandeffectivesupervision,activelyadvocate,intheformofgovernmentpurchaseofmedicalsecurityservices,toexplorethepossibilityofentrustingqualifiedcommercialinsuranceagencieswithhandlingvariousmedicalsecuritymanagementservices.(vii)EstablishingandcompletingasecuredpharmaceuticalsupplysystemEffortsshouldbemadetoacceleratetheestablishmentofasecuredpharmaceuticalsupplysystemonthebasisofthenationalessentialmedicinessystem,andensuremedicinesafetyforthepeople.Effortsshouldbemadetoestablishthenationalessentialmedicinessystem.Thecentralgovernmentshallunitarilyformulateandissuenationalessentialmedicineslist,andrationallydetermine