煙臺(tái)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題答案

煙臺(tái)高三第一學(xué)期期中卷高三英語(yǔ)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AKidsWorldFunShortStoryContestCallingallyoungwritersfromaroundtheworld!It’stimetoreleaseyourcreativityandshareyourincrediblestorieswithus.KidsWorldFunpresentstheultimateShortStoryContest,opentoyoungpeopleofallages.TwoModesofEntry●FreeEntry:getthechancetowinacertificateandhaveyourstorypublishedonourwebsite.●EntryFeeof$10:getthechancetoreceiveacashprizeaswellasacertificateandhaveyourstorypublished.Paymentlinkswillbesentviaemailfortheseentries.AmazingPrizesAwaitFirstPrize:$100,certificateandpublication;SecondPrize:$75,certificateandpublication;ThirdPrize:$50,certificateandpublication.Highlymentedstorieswillalsobepublishedfortheworldtoenjoy.ContestCategoriesandWordLimitsToensurefairness,wehavesetthreecategoriesforwriterstochoosefromandminimumandmaximumwordlimitsforeachcategory.CategoriesAgesWordLimitsMinimumMaximumSubjunior79300words1000wordsJunior1012500words1000wordsSenior1316700words1000wordsSubmissionGuidelines●Includeproofofagewithyourentry(scanortakeaphotoofyouridentitycard).Entrieswithoutproofofagewillbedisqualified.●Yourstorymustbeoriginalandunpublished.●Typeyourstoryout.Ourjudgeswillevaluateeachstorybasedoncontent,languageandwritingstyle.Theirdecisionwillbefinal.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactusat.We’reheretoassistyoueverystepoftheway.Don’tmissthisincredibleopportunitytoshowcaseyourtalentandwinamazingprizes!EntertheKidsWorldFunShortStoryContesttoday!1.Whatmayafreeentrysecondprizewinnerget?A.Arewardof$10. B.Acertificateandpublication.C.Prizemoneyandhonors. D.$75,certificateandpublication.2.Whichofthefollowingmeetstheentryrequirements?A.Ahandwrittendraft. B.Asciencefictionof1500words.C.Anawardwinningessay. D.Aprintoutofa900wordoriginalstory.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topromoteareadingwebsite. B.Toappealforparticipation.C.Toexplainanapplicationprocess. D.Toteachkidswritingprinciples.BForsharks,theMesoamericanReef,whichstretchesover600miles,isabusyhighway.Sharksuseittofindtheirwayanditprovidesthemwithfoodandhabitat.Butaswithonlandhighways,thissuperhighwaycanbedangerous.Overfishing,mercialdevelopmentandillegalpracticesareendangeringthespecies.“We’reseeingacontinueddeclineinsharkpopulations.Ourgoalistoturnthatround.”saysRachelGraham,founderofMarAlliance,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonconservingsharks.Bymonitoringsharks,MarAlliancecancollectimportantknowledgeonthespeciestohelpinformconservationandpushforpoliticalaction.Butratherthanactinginoppositiontothelocalfishingmunity,MarAllianceenliststheirhelp.“Theyaretheoneswhoareontheseaeverysingleday,”saysGraham,“andthey’retheoneswhodecidethespecies’future.”MarAllianceemploysupto60fishermenacrossitsrange,mostlyonaprojectbasis,trainingthemtocollectdata,recordandreleasefish.Notonlydoesthisprovideanalternativeinetofishingmunities,makingthemlessdependentonnaturalresources,butitalsoteachesthemaboutthebenefitsofahealthyoceanecosystemandhowtofishsustainably.Amongthem,IvanTorres,whousedtocatchsharkstoselllocallyasfood,haslearnedhowcriticalthey’retothewholeecosystem,sayinghe’dneverfishsharksanymore.Ifthisattitudechangecontinuestospreadthroughoutfishingmunities,Grahamhashopeforthesharkpopulations.“Theprimarythreattosharksisunquestionablyoverfishing,”shesays,“Byreformingtheindustry,populationscanbounceback.”In2020,Belizeoutlawedtheuseofgillnets,largepanelsofnettingoftrappinglargesealife.Theban’simpactisalreadynoticeablewitharecorded10foldincreaseinsharkpopulations.Butsuchregulationsneedtobecopiedalongthewholesuperhighwayforlonglastingimpact,andcountriesneedtofindasustainablebalancebetweenfishersandthefished.“Weneedtofindawinwinstrategybetweenfisherlivelihoodsandsharksurvival,”Grahamemphasizes.“Ihopethatthrougheducationandprovidinganeconomicalternativeforfishingmunities,MarAlliancewillhelpensuresafepassageforsharksalongthereef”.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheMesoamericanReefforsharks?A.Romanticbutmessy. B.Vitalbutinsecure.C.Adventurousbutbeautiful. D.Unfamiliarbutreliable.5.Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inparagraph4referto?A.MarAlliance. B.Thefishers.C.Monitoringauthorities. D.Thesharks.6.WhatcontributedtoIvan’sattitudeshiftapartfromeducation?A.Astricterfishingban. B.Theinsurancepayoutheearned.C.Anofferofextrawork. D.Thefishingmunities’intervention.7.Whatismainlystressedinthelastparagraph?A.Solutiontooverfishing. B.DifficultiesfacingMarAlliance.C.Impactofexistingregulations. D.Featuresofinternationalcooperation.CJimmyJiangenvisionsafuturewhereeveryhouseispoweredbyrenewableenergystoredinbatteries.JiangandhisteamattheUniversityofCincinnatihavedevelopedanewbatterythatcouldhavefarreachingimplicationsforthelargescale(大規(guī)模)energystorageneededbywindandsolarfarms.“Batteriesstorerenewableenergyforwhenit’sneeded,notjustwhenit’sproduced.Thisiscrucialforgettingthemostoutofwindandsolarpower,”Jiangsaid.“Energygenerationandenergyconsumptionisalwaysmismatched.That’swhyit’simportanttohaveadevicethatcanstorethatenergytemporarilyandreleaseitwhenit’sneeded.”TheydescribedtheirnoveldesigninthejournalNaturemunications.Traditionalcarbatteriescontainamixofsulfuricacidandwater.Whilethey’reinexpensiveandmadefromreadilyavailablematerials,theyhaveseveredrawbacksforindustrialorlargescaleuse.Theyhaveaverylowenergydensity(密度),whichisn’tsuitableforstoringsufficientpowerneededtopoweracity.Andtheyhavealowlevelforelectrochemicalstability,whichmeanstheycanblowup.Waterhasavoltage(電壓)limit.Oncethevoltageofsuchabatterygoesbeyondthestabilitywindowof1.5volts,thewatercandeposeintohydrogenandoxygen,whichisexplosive.ButJiangandhisstudentshavedevelopedabatterywithoutwaterthatcangeneratenearly4voltsofpower.Jiang’snoveldesigndoessobyremovingfromabatterythemembrane,whichisahugeponentofupfrontcostsandaccountsforasmuchas30%ofthecostofthebattery.Theyinventedanewtypeofenergystoragematerialthatimprovesperformanceatalowercost.“Membranesarealsoinefficient.Theycan’tseparatethepositiveandnegativesidespletely,sothereisalwayscrossover,”hesaid.Thegrouphassubmittedtemporarypatentapplications.“Thereisstillalongwaytogo,butwe’readvancingtowardadramaticbatterytransformationinthenextdecade.I’mconfidentaboutthat.Thereisalotofintenseresearchgoingintopushingtheboundariesofbatteryperformance,”Jiangsaid.8.What’smainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Whybatteriesareessential. B.Howtostorerenewableenergy.C.Whygreenenergyisneeded. D.Howtoconservenaturalresources.9What’stheproblemwithtraditionalcarbatteries?A.They’retoopricy. B.They’remadeofrarematerials.CThey’reslowtocharge. D.Theyhaveapotentialexplosionrisk.10.WhatcanwesayaboutJiang’snoveldesign?A.Itmayreshapethebatteryindustry. B.It’sinappropriateforlargescaleuse.C.Itmayhelpminimizepowerconsumption. D.It’ssubjecttomatureindustrystandards.11.WhatisJiang’sattitudetowardstheprospectofthebattery?A.Dismissive. B.Uncertain. C.Positive. D.Pessimistic.DImaginebeinganOlympicracer.Beforesteppingontothetrack,youhavetodecidewhichpairofshoestowear:Onemadefromsustainablematerialsoratraditionallybuiltmodel?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’doptforthenonsustainableversion.Consumerbehaviorresearchindicatessustainableproductsareoftenassumedtobeweaker,lessdurableandperformworsethannonsustainableones.Butarethereinstancesinwhichsustainabilityisnotaliability?Toinvestigatethis,researchersconductedaseriesofstudies.Theytheorizedthatundersomecircumstances,sustainabilitymayprovideahaloeffect,meaningthatbeingperceivedassustainablealsoleadsconsumerstoassumeotherpositivecharacteristicsaboutthemaswell.Inthefirststudy,595participantswereaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutseveralhouseholdproductslikewashingpowder.Theresultssuggestone’svaluesdoplayarole:Peoplewithhigherenvironmentalvaluesviewedsustainableproductsasalsobeinghigherperforming,thuslendingsupportforthehaloeffecttheory.Thesecondexperimentlookedspecificallyattheeffectofmessaging,testingtoseewhetherfocusingthesustainabilityclaimsonthepany,asopposedtotheproduct,wouldbemoreeffectiveindrivingparticipants’beliefinproductperformance.270participantswereasked.Theresultssuggestthatassociatingsustainabilitywiththepanyhasamuchlargerimpactthanmessagingaboutproductsustainability.Study3soughttofurtherexpandthesemechanismsbyexaminingtheinfluenceofsocietalimpact.148participantswhosawvariousadvertisementsforproductseitherdescribedashavinga“sustainablebenefit”or“societalbenefit”weremorelikelytoseetheproductsasbeingofhigherperformanceiftheywerepresentedaspositivelyimpactingsociety,aboveandbeyondmerelybeingsustainable,supportingtheideathatthehaloeffectisdrivenbythebeliefofthepanyasamoralagentengagedinsociallybeneficialbehavior.Contrarytopreviousthinking,thisresearchillustratesthatsustainabilityclaimscanproducepositivebeliefaboutproductperformanceintheaboveconditions.Likethetrackstar,consumersoftenfeelsustainabilityandperformanceexcludeeachother.Whenthebrand(品牌)presentsitjusttherightway,theredoesn’tneedtobeatradeoff.Thesecanbeoneandthesame.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)iability”inparagraph2mean?A.Priority. B.Secret. C.Drag. D.Target.13ProductsustainabilityproducesapositivehaloeffectwhensustainabilityclaimsA.highlighttheproduct B.areaimedtogenerateprofitsC.contrastwithconsumers’values D.aremadeaboutthepanyitself14.Onwhatbasisdidtheresearchersreachthestudyoute?A.Previousexperience. B.Salesstatistics.C.Respondents’opinions. D.Socialphenomenon.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowGreenProductsBenefitConsumersB.HowConsumersViewpanyCultureC.HowSustainabilityClaimsImpactProductQualityD.HowPsychologyHelpstheBeliefinGreenProducts第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yourneighborsareprobablythefirstlineofdefenseincaseofanyproblematicsituation.____16____Itgivesyouanassurancethatyouhavepeopleclosebylookingoutforyou.Hereareeasilyapplicabletipsoncreatingstrongerneighborrelationships.Thefirststepisintroducingyourselfwhenyoumovetoanewneighborhoodorwhenanewermovesin.Leavethemanoteundertheirdoortointroduceyourself.____17____Itdoesn’thavetocostyouafortuneandoptingforapottedplantorbakedbiscuitswilldo.Theseactionspresentexcellentopportunitiestoconnectwiththem.Berespectfulofyourneighbors.It’sinpoortastetohaveregularinsensitivepartiesatyourplacecausingdisturbances.Beforeyourparty,it’sgoodpracticetonotifyyourneighbors.Besides,avoidchattingthemupforhoursonend,whichmaybeinconvenient,especiallyifyoudon’tknowtheirschedules.____18____Whenyouborrowanything,returnitinduetime.Ifyouaccidentallybreaktheirthings,replacethemwithoutbeingaskedto.____19____Youcouldoffertobabysityourneighbors’kids,helpwithsnowremovalsorevenkeepaneyeontheirhomewhenthey’reaway.Suchactsofreachingouttoyourneighborsmakeforstrongerrelationships.AsEmmaSepp?l?putit,“socialconnectednessgeneratesapositivefeedbackloop(圈)ofsocial,emotionalandphysicalwellbeing.”Itfeelssoeasytojuststayhomewithouthavingtoengagewithyourneighborsbutconnectingwiththemisworththeeffort.____20____A.Remembereverysmallgesturecounts.B.Acrisisisatestofmunicationskills.C.Itcanactuallyboostyourmoodinthelongrun.D.Slippingitintheirmailboxfurthersolidifiesfriendship.E.It’sessentialtoensureyoumaintaindecentrelationshipswiththem.F.Alternatively,youcangivethemagiftwhilemakingyourselfknowntothem.G.Onlybyestablishinghealthyboundarieswillyouachievepeacefulcoexistence.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhitedressedupasCaptainAmericafortheannualAntiBullying(反霸凌)SuperheroDay.Butwhenspotting____21____oneafternoon,hecouldn’t____22____anysuperpowers.Itwasrushhour.Whitewas____23____homewhenhenoticedapickupontheoppositesideofthetwowaystreet.Itwashardto____24____,foritwascrashingintothecurb(馬路牙子)beforecoursecorrecting,onlytohititagain.Asthecardrewcloser,Whitegotagoodlookatthe____25____:Thedriverappearedtobeasleep.Hehadto____26____thatvehicle.____27____,WhitemadeaUturn,facinginthesamedirectionasthepickup,buttherewerefourcars____28____them.Whitepressedhishorn,hopingthecarsinfrontwouldmoveaside.Theydidn’t.Trapped,Whitepulledhiscarover.He____29____upthesidewalk,cutintotheroadandranaroundtothedriver’sside.White____30____theframe(框)oftheopenwindow,hislegsmovinginstepwiththepickup,andwithamighty____31____,jumpedin.DeAngelis,themanbehindthe____32____,hadunexpectedlyfaceddangerouslylowbloodsugar,andjusteto.Hewas____33____bytheoddsightofastrangerlyingacrosshisstomach.Whiteimmediatelybroughtthepickuptoastop.DeAngeliswasrushedtoahospital,whereitwasdeterminedthathadhisbloodsugargonelower,hislifecouldhavebeenendangered.White____34____asuperhero,buthisquickthinkinganddaring____35____madehimareallifehero.21A.barrier B.unfairness C.violence D.trouble22.A.givewayto B.fallbackon C.getaround D.forgetabout23.A.cycling B.running C.driving D.walking24.A.locate B.miss C.search D.contact25.A.oute B.tendency C.process D.problem26.A.stop B.move C.report D.disable27.A.Mistakenly B.Sincerely C.Decidedly D.Hesitantly28.A.following B.separating C.threatening D.approaching29.A.waved B.escaped C.wandered D.raced30.A.struck B.measured C.grabbed D.broke31.A.bug B.lift C.blow D.kick32.A.scene B.pickup C.wheel D.seat33.A.shocked B.ashamed C.discouraged D.amused34.A.protected B.encountered C.created D.played35.A.rescue B.visit C.guidance D.ment第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThecraftofShaoLujie,a28yearoldChinesecraftsmanfromJinhua,ZhejiangProvince,isknown____36____quilling—aformofartthatinvolvestheuseofpaperstrips(紙條)thatarerolled,shapedandgluedtogethertoformplexdesigns.Shao’sworksmainlyfeatureflowersandotherplants.Hecreatedmultipleworksforthe19thAsianGames,featuringtheevent’sthreemascots(吉祥物)andlogo.Inthepastfewyears,Shao____37____(develop)culturalandcreativeproductswithlocalcharacteristics.Hisanother____38____(improve)isthattechniquesandequipmenthavebeensimplified,makingiteasierforpeopletotry.Sincechildhood,Shaohasenjoyedpaintingandhandicrafts.____39____(finish)thelearningofquillingin2016fromamasteroftheart,Shaobegantodevotehimself____40____(entire)tothecraft.Later,byimitatingtheworksofhisinstructors,helearnedhow____41____(integrate)newmethodsintohisownworks,biningthispaperarthandicraftwithpaintinganddifferentdesignelements.Inanage____42____AIgeneratedartworksareenteringtheartmarket,Shaostillstickstothisancientcraft.Everystep—weaving,cutting,rubbing,folding,andpressing—____43____(do)byhand.Togetyoungstersinterestedinthecraft,Shaohasgoneonline,sharingarticles____44____(write)byhimselfandpostingpicturesofhislatestworks.Shaoisconsidering____45____(open)anexhibitionhallsothatmorepeoplecanlearnaboutthiscraftand,ideally,passitdown,tofuturegenerations.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.上周你班開展了“五育之星”—美德、學(xué)習(xí)、體育、藝術(shù)、勞動(dòng)之星的評(píng)選活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你以“Starof______”為題，為班級(jí)英語(yǔ)角寫篇短文，介紹其中一位同學(xué)李好，內(nèi)容包括：1.他/她被推選為“……之星”的原因；2.號(hào)召大家向他/她學(xué)習(xí)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)將題目補(bǔ)充完整，并按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Starof____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。InahousefarfromthecitylivedJohnandhismother.John’sonlyhobbywaswanderinginthenearbypicturesqueforest.Initscenterwasashinyclearlakewithschoolsoffishdancinginit.Lovelyanimalssuchasdeerorrabbitswereplayingaroundandcutebirdsweresingingintrees.Fascinatedbythebeautyandlivelinessofnature,hedesiredtobeeagreatartistandpresentallthebreathtakingscenestotheworld.Johnstudiedinthelocalprimaryschool.LifewasnoteasyforJohnandhismomafterhisfatherdied.Knowingwhathardworkhismotherdidtomakeendsmeet,Johnreallydidn’twanthismothertoworry.Hismotherknewthesignificanceofeducationinlifebutshewasagainsthisdreamofbeinganartist.“Theprofessionofartistcan’taidapersoninmeetinghisdailyexpenses,”shewouldsay.Butaseachdaypassed,John’sdreambecamemorepassionate.Duetothelivingcircumstances,evenbuyingsomenewcolorswouldbealuxury.Johnonlyusedtheworndrawingfileandlimitedcolorsforhisdailypractice.Thoughlackingfinepaintingmaterials,henevergaveupdrawing.Hespentasignificantamountoftimestayingintheforest,secretlyperfectinghiscraft.Withcontinuoushardworkandadistinctgiftforart,hedrewbeautifully.OnedayJohnreadaboutapetitionbeingheldinthetown,whosedeadlinewasonlytwodaysaway.Hegottheperfectopportunitytofulfillhisdesirebuthewasinadilemma(兩難境地)asforthepetitionheneededspecialpaintsandsomebrushes.Hedidn’thavethecouragetoaskhismotherformoneyasheknewherprejudiceagainstart.Thateveninghismomreturnedfromworkandhandedhimafewpapernotes,saying,“Thisisforyourlunchatschoolnextmonth.”Themoneywasenoughforhisdesiredmaterials!John’sfacelitup.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Earlythenextmorning,Johnsecretlylefthomewiththemoney.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aweeklater,aphonecallcametoJohn’shome.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.D2.D3.B【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二個(gè)黑標(biāo)題AmazingPrizesAwait下第二行“SecondPrize:$75,certificateandpublication(二等獎(jiǎng)：75美元，證書及出版)”可知，二等獎(jiǎng)得主可以得到75美元，證書及出版。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章四個(gè)黑標(biāo)題SubmissionGuidelines下第三行“Yourstorymustbeoriginalandunpublished.(你的故事必須是原創(chuàng)的和未發(fā)表的。)”可知，參賽作品不能是一篇獲獎(jiǎng)文章。由文章四個(gè)黑標(biāo)題SubmissionGuidelines下第四行“Typeyourstoryout.(把你的故事打出來(lái)。)”可知，參賽作品不能是手稿。由文章表格的最后一欄“Maximum”和“1000words(1000字)”可知，文章字?jǐn)?shù)不超過(guò)1000。故選D。3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“Callingallyoungwritersfromaroundtheworld!It’stimetoreleaseyourcreativityandshareyourincrediblestorieswithus.(號(hào)召來(lái)自世界各地的年輕作家！是時(shí)候釋放你的創(chuàng)造力，和我們分享你不可思議的故事了。)”可知，文章主要是呼吁各地的年輕作家參與大賽。故選B。【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.A【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Sharksuseittofindtheirwayanditprovidesthemwithfoodandhabitat.(鯊魚用它來(lái)找路，它為它們提供食物和棲息地)”和第二段的“Butaswithonlandhighways,thissuperhighwaycanbedangerous.Overfishing,mercialdevelopmentandillegalpracticesareendangeringthespecies.(但與陸地高速公路一樣，這條超級(jí)高速公路也可能很危險(xiǎn)。過(guò)度捕撈、商業(yè)開發(fā)和非法行為正在危及該物種)”可知，中美洲珊瑚礁對(duì)鯊魚來(lái)說(shuō)很重要但又充滿危險(xiǎn)。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第三段中“Butratherthanactinginoppositiontothelocalfishingmunity,MarAllianceenliststheirhelp.(但是，“海洋聯(lián)盟”并沒(méi)有采取反對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)貪O業(yè)社區(qū)的行動(dòng)，而是尋求他們的幫助)”以及第四段中“theoneswhoareontheseaeverysingleday(他們每天都在海上)”可知，每天都在海上的人是漁夫們。由此可知，劃線詞They指的是漁夫們。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第五段中“Notonlydoesthisprovideanalternativeinetofishingmunities,makingthemlessdependentonnaturalresources,butitalsoteachesthemaboutthebenefitsofahealthyoceanecosystemandhowtofishsustainably.(這不僅為漁業(yè)社區(qū)提供了另一種收入來(lái)源，使他們減少對(duì)自然資源的依賴，而且還教會(huì)他們了解健康的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的好處以及如何可持續(xù)地捕魚)”以及第六段中“Amongthem,IvanTorres,whousedtocatchsharkstoselllocallyasfood,haslearnedhowcriticalthey’retothewholeecosystem,sayinghe’dneverfishsharksanymore.(其中，伊萬(wàn)·托雷斯曾經(jīng)捕撈鯊魚作為食物在當(dāng)?shù)爻鍪?，他已?jīng)了解到鯊魚對(duì)整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要性，他說(shuō)他再也不會(huì)捕撈鯊魚了)”可推知，漁業(yè)社區(qū)的干預(yù)促成了伊萬(wàn)態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Butsuchregulationsneedtobecopiedalongthewholesuperhighwayforlonglastingimpact,andcountriesneedtofindasustainablebalancebetweenfishersandthefished.“Weneedtofindawinwinstrategybetweenfisherlivelihoodsandsharksurvival,”Grahamemphasizes.“Ihopethatthrougheducationandprovidinganeconomicalternativeforfishingmunities,MarAlliancewillhelpensuresafepassageforsharksalongthereef”.(但是，為了產(chǎn)生持久的影響，這些規(guī)定需要在整個(gè)高速公路上復(fù)制，各國(guó)需要在漁民和被捕撈者之間找到可持續(xù)的平衡?！拔覀冃枰跐O民生計(jì)和鯊魚生存之間找到一個(gè)雙贏的策略，”格雷厄姆強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)?！拔蚁Ｍㄟ^(guò)教育和為漁業(yè)社區(qū)提供經(jīng)濟(jì)選擇，海洋聯(lián)盟將幫助確保鯊魚沿著珊瑚礁的安全通道?！?”可推知，這些話強(qiáng)調(diào)了過(guò)度捕撈的解決方案，即需要在漁民生計(jì)和鯊魚生存之間找到一個(gè)雙贏的策略。故選A?！敬鸢浮?.A9.D10.A11.C【8題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第三段中““Batteriesstorerenewableenergyforwhenit’sneeded,notjustwhenit’sproduced.Thisiscrucialforgettingthemostoutofwindandsolarpower,”Jiangsaid.“Energygenerationandenergyconsumptionisalwaysmismatched.That’swhyit’simportanttohaveadevicethatcanstorethatenergytemporarilyandreleaseitwhenit’sneeded.”(姜說(shuō)：“電池在需要的時(shí)候儲(chǔ)存可再生能源，而不僅僅是在生產(chǎn)的時(shí)候。這對(duì)充分利用風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能至關(guān)重要?！薄澳茉瓷a(chǎn)和能源消耗總是不匹配的。這就是為什么擁有一個(gè)可以臨時(shí)存儲(chǔ)能量并在需要時(shí)釋放能量的設(shè)備很重要?！?”可知，本段主要談?wù)摿穗姵睾苤匾?，是必不可少的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段中“Andtheyhavealowlevelforelectrochemicalstability,whichmeanstheycanblowup.(它們的電化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性很低，這意味著它們會(huì)爆炸。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)汽車電池有潛在的爆炸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“JimmyJiangenvisionsafuturewhereeveryhouseispoweredbyrenewableenergystoredinbatteries.(JimmyJiang設(shè)想了一個(gè)未來(lái)，每個(gè)房子都由儲(chǔ)存在電池中的可再生能源供電。)”，第二段“JiangandhisteamattheUniversityofCincinnatihavedevelopedanewbatterythatcouldhavefarreachingimplicationsforthelargescale(大規(guī)模)energystorageneededbywindandsolarfarms.(姜和他在辛辛那提大學(xué)的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了一種新電池，這種電池可能對(duì)風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電場(chǎng)所需的大規(guī)模儲(chǔ)能產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。)”和最后一段“Thereisstillalongwaytogo,butwe’readvancingtowardadramaticbatterytransformationinthenextdecade.(還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走，但我們正在朝著未來(lái)十年電池的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型邁進(jìn)。)”可知，姜的新穎的設(shè)計(jì)，可能會(huì)給電池行業(yè)帶來(lái)巨大變革，會(huì)重塑電池行業(yè)。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中““Thereisstillalongwaytogo,butwe’readvancingtowardadramaticbatterytransformationinthenextdecade.I’mconfidentaboutthat.Thereisalotofintenseresearchgoingintopushingtheboundariesofbatteryperformance,”Jiangsaid.(“我們還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走，但我們正朝著未來(lái)十年電池的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型邁進(jìn)。我對(duì)此很有信心。有很多深入的研究正在推動(dòng)電池性能的極限，”姜說(shuō)。)”可知，姜對(duì)于這種電池的前景很有信心，他是積極樂(lè)觀的。故選C。【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了可持續(xù)發(fā)展可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生光環(huán)效應(yīng)，可持續(xù)發(fā)展也會(huì)導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生其他積極的看法?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第一段中“Consumerbehaviorresearchindicatessustainableproductsareoftenassumedtobeweaker,lessdurableandperformworsethannonsustainableones.(消費(fèi)者行為研究表明，可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品通常被認(rèn)為比不可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品更弱、更不耐用、性能更差。)”和第二段中“Toinvestigatethis,researchersconductedaseriesofstudies.Theytheorizedthatundersomecircumstances,sustainabilitymayprovideahaloeffect,meaningthatbeingperceivedassustainablealsoleadsconsumerstoassumeotherpositivecharacteristicsaboutthemaswell.(為了對(duì)此進(jìn)行調(diào)查，研究人員進(jìn)行了一系列研究。他們認(rèn)為，在某些情況下，可持續(xù)性可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生光環(huán)效應(yīng)，這意味著被視為可持續(xù)性也會(huì)導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者對(duì)其產(chǎn)生其他積極特征。)”可知，通常人們認(rèn)為可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品比不可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品更弱、更不耐用、性能更差，因此消費(fèi)者不喜歡購(gòu)買，但是研究表明可持續(xù)性可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生光環(huán)效應(yīng)，不會(huì)是構(gòu)成消費(fèi)者不買的阻力。A.Priority優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)；B.Secret秘密；C.Drag阻力；D.Target目標(biāo)。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Inthefirststudy,595participantswereaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutseveralhouseholdproductslikewashingpowder.Theresultssuggestone’svaluesdoplayarole:Peoplewithhigherenvironmentalvaluesviewedsustainableproductsasalsobeinghigherperforming,thuslendingsupportforthehaloeffecttheory.(第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)專門研究了信息傳遞的效果，測(cè)試了將可持續(xù)性聲明的重點(diǎn)放在公司而不是產(chǎn)品上，是否能更有效地推動(dòng)參與者對(duì)產(chǎn)品性能的信心。270名參與者接受了調(diào)查。結(jié)果表明，將可持續(xù)性與公司聯(lián)系起來(lái)比傳遞產(chǎn)品可持續(xù)性的信息有更大的影響。)”可知，當(dāng)對(duì)公司本身提出可持續(xù)性聲明時(shí)，產(chǎn)品可持續(xù)性會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的光環(huán)效應(yīng)。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Inthefirststudy,595participantswereaskedtomakejudgmentsaboutseveralhouseholdproductslikewashingpowder.(在第一項(xiàng)研究中，595名參與者被要求對(duì)洗衣粉等幾種家用產(chǎn)品做出判斷。)”和第四段中“270participantswereasked.(270名參與者接受了調(diào)查。)”可知，研究人員是根據(jù)受訪者的意見(jiàn)得出研究結(jié)果的。故選C?！?5題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Contrarytopreviousthinking,thisresearchillustratesthatsustainabilityclaimscanproducepositivebeliefaboutproductperformanceintheaboveconditions.(與之前的想法相反，本研究表明，在上述條件下，可持續(xù)發(fā)展主張可以產(chǎn)生對(duì)產(chǎn)品性能的積極信念。)”可知，本文主要講述可持續(xù)性聲明如何影響產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。故選C?！敬鸢浮?6.E17.F18.G19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何與鄰居搞好關(guān)系。【16題詳解】由上文“Yourneighborsareprobablythefirstlineofdefenseincaseofanyproblematicsituation.(萬(wàn)一出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，你的鄰居可能是第一道防線。)”可知，下面要說(shuō)跟“鄰里關(guān)系很重要”有關(guān)的話題。故E選項(xiàng)“It’sessentialtoensureyoumaintaindecentrelationshipswiththem.(確保你與他們保持良好的關(guān)系是至關(guān)重要的。)”能承接上文。E項(xiàng)中的“them”與空前的“Yourneighbors”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E。【17題詳解】由下文“Itdoesn’thavetocostyouafortuneandoptingforapottedplantorbakedbiscuitswilldo.(不用花很多錢，選擇盆栽或烤餅干就可以了。)”可知，上面要說(shuō)“給人的禮物”有關(guān)的話題。故F選項(xiàng)“Alternatively,youcangivethemagiftwhile