Unit4NaturalDisastersListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking重點單詞短語句型課件高中英語人教版

ListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinking單詞短語句型總結(jié)NATURALDISASTERSUNIT4Ⅰ．重點單詞1．____________n.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害2．___________n.旱災(zāi)；久旱3．_________vi.&

vt.(使)滑行；滑動4．_________n.洪水；大量

vi.淹沒；大量涌入

vt.使灌滿水；淹沒→___________adj.洪水泛濫的5．__________n.&

vt.營救；救援6．__________vt.損害；破壞

n．損壞；損失7．___________vt.摧毀；毀滅disaster

drought

slide

flood

flooded

rescue

damage

destroy

8．_________n.死；死亡9．__________vt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動10．___________n.避難處；居所；庇護

vt.保護；掩藏

vi.躲避(風雨或危險)11．________n.&

vt.破壞；毀壞12．___________n.百分之……

adj.&adv.每一百中→______________n.百分率；百分比13．_________n.磚；磚塊death

affect

shelter

ruin

percent

percentage

brick

14．_________n.金屬→_________n.模特；模范；榜樣→_________n.獎?wù)?；勛章；紀念章→_________n.新聞媒體；傳媒15．_________n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

vt.(使)震驚→___________adj.感到震驚的→____________adj.令人震驚的metal

model

medal

media

shock

shocked

shocking

16．_______________n.電；電能→____________adj.電動的，用電的→______________adj.與(用)電有關(guān)的；電氣科學的→______________adj.電子的17．________vt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套

n．險境；陷阱18．________vt.埋葬；安葬19．___________vi.&

vt.呼吸→__________n.呼吸；氣息→______________adj.氣喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的→________________adv.氣喘吁吁地；上氣不接下氣地electricity

electric

electrical

electronic

trap

bury

breathe

breath

breathless

breathlessly

20．__________n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力→______________adj.不需費力的21．__________n.智慧；才智→________adj.有智慧的；英明的；明智的→__________adv.明智地；精明地22．___________n.上下文；語境；背景23．__________vt.遭受；蒙受

vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→_____________n.疼痛；痛苦；苦難；折磨effort

effortless

wisdom

wise

wisely

context

suffer

suffering

Ⅱ．重點短語1．write________寫下；記下2．refer______指的是；參考3．think_________考慮4．set______搭起；建立5．______least至少6．______usual像往常一樣7．______if似乎；好像；仿佛

down

to

about

up

at

as

as

an

in

the

but

of

in

out

up

from

Ⅲ．重點句型1．Chickensandevenpigswere_______nervous______eat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至豬都緊張得不敢吃食，狗也拒絕進入建筑物中。2．Itseemed________theworldwere_________________!世界末日似乎到了！too

to

asif

3．Thousandsofchildren____________withoutparents.成千上萬個孩子變成了孤兒。4．_______________people_______werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.地震中死亡和重傷的人數(shù)超過40萬。wereleft

Thenumberof

who

Wehadgivenupthehopeofrescue.我們那時已經(jīng)放棄了營救的希望。Werescuedhimfromtheenemy’scamp.我們把他從敵營中救了出來。重點單詞1．rescuen．&vt.營救；救援to

wasrescued

rescuedababyfrom

Theearthquakedamagedseveralbuildings.地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。Youhavedamagedmybicycle.Youwon’thaveitagain.你把我的自行車弄壞了。你別想再用了。Eatingtoomuchmeatonetimewillcausedamagetoyourstomach.一次吃太多肉會對你的胃造成損害。2．damagevt.損害；破壞

n．損壞；損失cause/dodamageto＝damage(v.)傷害；損傷do＋n.＋to短語doharmto＝beharmfulto＝bebadfor對……造成傷害/有害處dogoodtosb.＝dosb.good＝begoodforsb.對……有好處dowrongto冤屈，冤枉單句語法填空①Theheavyraindidn’tdomuchdamage______thecrops.②Herheart______________(damage)asaresultofthedisease.完成句子③Forthem,dietingnotonlyisuselessbutalsomight_____________________.對他們來說，節(jié)食不僅是無用的，而且可能會損害他們的健康。to

wasdamaged

damagetheir

health

3．destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅destructionn.

[U]破壞；毀壞destructiveadj.

破壞性的；造成破壞的用destroy的適當形式填空①Thestrongearthquakeleftdeathand_______________behindit.②Thetown________________inthewar,butthelibraryremained.③Itisthemost_______________stormin20years.④Withmoreforests__________________，hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.destruction

wasdestroyed

destructive

beingdestroyed

Hewasmuchaffectedbythesadnews.這個悲慘的消息使他非常難過。Theadvertisingcampaigndidn’thavemucheffectonsales.這些廣告攻勢對銷售額并沒有起到多大作用。4．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；使感染；深深打動；感動單句語法填空①Oneofherlungs______________(affect)alittlesothatshehastorest.②Ithinkthe____________(affect)patientneedstobeisolated(隔離)．寫出黑體部分的含義③Theaudiencewasdeeplyaffectedbyhisselflessspirit.(感動)④Morethansevenmillionpeoplehavebeenaffectedbydrought.(影響

)⑤Thisdiseaseaffectsmillionsintheworldeveryyear.(侵襲；感染

)isaffected

affected

Manyofthechildrenintheshelterareorphans.收容所里有好多孩子是孤兒。Humanbeingsneedclothing,foodandshelter.人類有衣、食、住的需求。Shewasaccusedofshelteringamurderer.她因為庇護謀殺犯而被控告。5．sheltern．避難處；居所；庇護

vt.保護；掩蔽

vi.躲避(風雨或危險)giveshelterto...給予……庇護的地方undertheshelterof...在……的庇護下wassheltered

to

Thestormruinedthecrops.暴風雨毀壞了莊稼。Ifyougoonlikethis,you’llruinyourself.如果你繼續(xù)這樣下去，你會毀了你自己。6．ruinn．&vt.破壞；毀壞damage，destroy，ruindamage，destroy和ruin這三個單詞均表示“破壞”“損壞”的意思，但各自的含義和用法不同。damagen.&v．通常是指部分性損壞，往往暗示損壞后價值、效率、功能等會降低，有時用于比喻用法中。用作名詞時常用于do/causedamagetosth.destroyv.通常指徹底毀掉或毀滅，往往暗示無法或很難修復(fù)，有時用于比喻用法中ruinn.&v．指徹底毀壞，破壞的原因通常是自然現(xiàn)象、年齡、疏忽等，現(xiàn)多用于比喻用法，在表示真正具體摧毀或破壞某幢建筑物時，通常不用ruinruined

in

to

damaged

ruined

destroyed

Hehasneverrecoveredfromtheshockofhisfather’sdeath.他一直沒有從他爸爸去世的打擊中恢復(fù)過來。Yes,wearestillinshock,butwecame.是的，我們?nèi)匀桓械秸痼@，但我們來了。Iwasshockedbythewayhetreatedhisownmother.他對待自己母親的方式令我震驚。Weareveryshockedtohearthatthegoodsaredamaged.得知貨物損壞的消息，我們感到非常震驚。7．shockn．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

vt.(使)震驚inshock震驚；吃驚ashocktosb.令某人震驚的事toone’sshock令某人震驚的是shockedadj.感到震驚的beshockedat/by...對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.震驚地做某事shockingadj.令人震驚的單句語法填空①Lincoln’sdeathwasapieceofsurprisingnews.Thewholenationwas___________(shock)atthesadnews.②Logan’sdeathwaspointless—thatwaspartofthereasonwewere______shock.③O.Henry’sshortstoriesalwaysgavethereaders____________(shock)endings.shocked

in

shocking

一句多譯聽說他的病很嚴重，我吃了一驚。④Itgavemequite__________tobetoldhewasseriouslyill.⑤I____________________thathewasseriouslyill.ashock

wasshockedtohear

Duringthefire,hewastrappedinthebuilding.火災(zāi)發(fā)生時，他被困在大樓里。Somepeopleliketotrapoldpeopleintobuyingsomeuselessthings.有些人喜歡誘騙老年人買些無用的東西。Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.警察設(shè)下圈套來捉拿竊賊。Thetwothievesfellintoatrapatlast.那兩個竊賊最終落入了圈套。8．trapvt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套

n．險境；陷阱betrappedunder/in...被困于……trapodoingsth.誘騙某人干某事setatrap設(shè)置陷阱/布下圈套fallintoatrap落入圈套單句語法填空①Theyweretrapped______theburninghotel.②Thefoxandthedogbothfellinto_____trapsetbythefarmer.完成句子③Shehad_______________himandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.她給他設(shè)下圈套，他就徑直鉆了進去。④Theyoungman_______________________________hispoorqualitymilk.那個年輕人誘騙那位老太太買了他的劣質(zhì)牛奶。in

a

setatrapfor

trappedtheoldladyintobuying

Burytheoldworldandbuildanewone.埋葬舊世界，建設(shè)新世界。Heburiedhisfaceinhishands.他雙手掩面。Hisbodywasburiedinsnow,buthisheadwasstickingout.他的身體被埋在雪里，但是頭伸在外面。Buriedinhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthattheothershadleft.他埋頭學習，不知道其他人已經(jīng)離開了。9．buryvt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使專心in

buriedhimselfin

wasburiedin

Buriedin

Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardlybreathe.空氣非常寒冷，我們難以呼吸。Thedoctoraskedmetobreathein,thentobreatheoutfully.醫(yī)生讓我先吸氣，然后全部呼出。10．breathevi.&vt.呼吸breathe(sth.)in吸氣；吸入……breathe(sth.)out呼氣；呼出……breathn．呼吸holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸outofbreath氣喘吁吁；上氣不接下氣takeabreath歇口氣，歇會兒透口氣loseone’sbreath氣喘吁吁；上氣不接下氣breathlessadj.喘不過氣來的；無風的of

their

tookadeepbreath

breathedthefreshair

Thelocalclubsaremakinganefforttoattractmoreyoungpeople.地方俱樂部正在努力來吸引更多的年輕人。Theysparednoefforttoimprovepeople’slife.他們不遺余力地改善人民的生活。Shetookadeepbreathandsatupslowlywithgreateffort.她深吸一口氣，費力地慢慢坐起身來。11．effortn．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力effort表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意義)，通常是不可數(shù)名詞。It’sawasteoftimeandeffort.這是在浪費時間和精力。若強調(diào)一次一次具體的努力，通常是可數(shù)名詞，常與all,these等修飾語連用。Allhiseffortswereofnoavail.他的努力都沒有用。單句語法填空①Theprisonermadeaneffort____________(escape),buthecouldn’tclimbtheprisonwall.②______anefforttohonorourrelationship,Ineedtotellyouthetruth.toescape

In

句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Theyaretryingtheirbesttopreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.→Theyare_____________________topreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.→Theyare___________________topreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted.makingeveryeffort

sparingnoeffort

Manypeoplearestillsufferingfromstarvation.很多人仍然在忍受饑餓之苦。Japanissufferinganotherdisasterbecauseofthenuclearleak.日本因核泄漏正遭受另一場災(zāi)難。12．suffervt.遭受；蒙受

vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞sufferfrom...受……折磨；患……病sufferingn．痛苦；苦惱；讓人痛苦的事sufferern．患難者；患病者suffer，sufferfrom(1)suffer后常加的名詞多指抽象的損害、痛苦等，如sufferpain/defeat/losses/theresult/sideeffects“遭受痛苦/失敗/損失/(承受)結(jié)果/副作用”。(2)sufferfrom常加具體的不幸或痛苦的名詞，表示遭受戰(zhàn)爭、自然災(zāi)害、疾病帶來的痛苦。如sufferfromhunger/flood/fever/cold/disease“遭受饑餓/洪水/發(fā)燒/感冒/患病”。Hesufferedmanydefeatsbeforesuccess.成功前他失敗了很多次。Thechildsuffersfrommeasles.這個小孩得了麻疹。單句語法填空①Theoldmanwentthroughalotof______________(suffer)intheolddays.What’sworse,hesuffered________heartattackwhenhewasinhiseighties.②Alotofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthose_____________(suffer)fromthefloods.③Relieffoodandclothingshouldbequicklysenttothe_____________(suffer)fromthegreatfire.sufferings

from

suffering

sufferers

選詞填空(suffer/sufferfrom)④Unluckily,he________________asuddenheartfailureanddied.⑤Withinafewdaysshebecameseriouslyilland____________greatpain.sufferedfrom

suffered

重點短語1．setup設(shè)立；建立setoff出發(fā)；動身；開始setout出發(fā)；動身setabout(doingsth.)開始(做某事)單句語法填空①—Havegreatchangestakenplaceinyourvillage?—Yes.Anewschoolwasset______inthevillagelastyear.②Wesetabout____________(paint)thewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.up

painting

beatanend結(jié)束attheendof...在……的盡頭bytheendof...到……末尾為止(常和完成時連用)reachtheendoftheline/road窮途末路intheend最終；最后makeendsmeet使收支相抵；勉強維持生計the

an

④Iamgoingtochargeanewdress,andpayforit______________themonth.我要去買一件新衣服，并在月底付款。⑤Theyhadachievedtheirplan______________lastmonth.截止到上個月底，他們已經(jīng)完成了計劃。⑥Hefailedsomanytimesthat____________hegaveuphope.他失敗的次數(shù)太多了，以至于他最終放棄了希望。attheendof

bytheendof

intheend

FormilesandmilesIcouldseenothingbutagreatfireandlotsofsmoke.一連好幾英里，除了大火和濃煙我什么也看不見。Hedidnothingbutsleepalldaylong.他什么也不干，成天睡覺。Icandonothingbutobeyit.我只能服從。3．nothingbut除……外什么也沒有；只有；僅僅anythingbut絕不；根本不Iwasanythingbuthappyaboutgoing.我一點也不愿意出去。單句語法填空Underthesoilthereisnothing_______sand.but

Tensofthousandsofpeoplewerewatchingthegameinthestadiumwhenitbegantorain.數(shù)以萬計的人正在體育館看比賽，這時天突然下起雨來。4．tensofthousandsof數(shù)以萬計的thousand,hundred等前有具體數(shù)字時不用復(fù)數(shù)，后接名詞時不用of；但如果是表示不確定的數(shù)目，即表示“概數(shù)”時，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且后跟of。twohundredstudents兩百名學生hundreds/thousandsof...數(shù)以百計/千計的……dozensof許多；大量scoresof許多；大量hundredsof數(shù)以百計的thousandsof數(shù)以千計的millionsof數(shù)以百萬計的hundredsandhundredsof成百上千的hundredsofthousandsof成千上萬的單句語法填空Thousands______peopleleftthecountrysidetoworkinthecity.of

Theydugoutanoldvase.他們挖出了一個舊花瓶。Itriedtodigoutthetruth.我設(shè)法探出真相。5．digout掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)diginto挖掘；深入鉆研digup找出；查明單句語法填空Imustremembertodig_______thatbookforyou.out

(1)這是由并列連詞and連接的兩個簡單句。(2)too...to...太……而不能Thewiresaretoohighforchildrentoreach.線太高，孩子們夠不著。重點句型1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至豬都緊張得不敢吃食，狗也拒絕進入建筑物中。Hewastooilltotravel.他病得太重了，不能遠行。It’stoohotadaytowork.天氣太熱了，無法工作。too...to...句型在下列情況下表示肯定意義：(1)與某些表示心情的或描述性的形容詞連用時，too相當于very，意為“非?！?。此類形容詞常見的有happy,glad,easy,ready,willing,nervous,good,kind,surprised等。在該用法中，常在too前加上only,but,all,simply或just，用來加強語氣。Tomis(only)toogladtohelpyou.湯姆非常樂意幫助你。Theyare(all)toowillingtotaketheopinionsofothers.他們都非常愿意接受別人的意見。(2)too前有not,never,can’t等否定詞修飾時構(gòu)成雙重否定，表示肯定意義，意為“并非太……；不會太……；再……也不過分”。Englishisnottoodifficulttolearn.英語并不難學。It’snevertoolatetolearn.活到老，學到老。Youcan’tbetoocarefultodoyourhomework.你做作業(yè)越仔細越好。單句語法填空①Theproblemistoodifficultforthestudents__________(work)out.翻譯句子②Iamonlytoowillingtohavesomeonetospeakto.我能找到人聊聊天，______________。③Iwastooexcitedtofallasleeplastnight.我昨晚____________________。④Iamnevertoobusytoansweryourphonecall!__________________________!towork

我太高興了太興奮了沒睡著覺我不會忙得不接你的電話asif引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作表語，asif“仿佛；好像”。Itseemedasif...意為“看起來好像……”。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown－up.那孩子跟我們談起話來，像個大人似的。Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasifshewasangry.她匆忙離開了房間，好像很生氣的樣子。Itlooksasifitwillrainbeforelong.看起來一會兒就要下雨了。asif＝asthough仿佛；好像evenif＝eventhough即使若asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的從句可能是真實的事情或情況時，用陳述語氣；若與事實相反或不符，通常用虛擬語氣。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句謂語動詞用過去時，be動詞用were；表示與過去事實相反時，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時；表示與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用would/could/might＋動詞原形。(1)asif/asthough引導(dǎo)表語從句。Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.烏云密布，天看起來像要下雨了。Itlooksasiftheskywerefallingdown.天看起來好像要塌下來似的。(2)asif/asthough引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。Hetalksasifheweretheowneroftheworld.(與現(xiàn)在事實相反，be動詞用were)他說起話來好像他主宰這個世界似的。Hetalksasifhehadbeentothemoon.(與過去事實相反，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時)他說起話來好像他去過月球似的。Shetalksandtalksasifshewouldneverstop.(與將來事實相反，從句謂語動詞用would＋動詞原形)她說呀說呀，好像永遠也說不完。(3)asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時可用省略形式，后面接名詞、形容詞、副詞和介詞短語，也可跟分詞或不定式。Hetalksasifaphilosopher.他說起話來就好像是一個哲學家似的。Theladycriedandlaughedasifmad.這位女士哭了又笑，好像瘋了。Tomdroppedhisheadanddidn’tdaresayaword,asifnotknowingtheanswer.湯姆低垂著頭不敢說話，好像不知道答案。Hetalksasifdrunk.從他談話的樣子來看，他像是醉了。Tomopenedhismouthasiftosaysomething.湯姆張開嘴好像要說什么。單句語法填空①—Whatanoise!Icanhardlystandit.—Itsounds______iftheyarehavingapartynextdoor.②Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedasif_________(see)whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.as

tosee

③Shelooksasifshe________(be)tenyearsyounger.④HetalkedaboutLondonasifhe___________(be)there.⑤Heopenedhismouthasifhe____________(say)something.完成句子⑥Itseemed______________hehadknownthefactalready.他好像早已知道事實了。were

hadbeen

wouldsay

asif/though

(1)Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.是．..leftthousandsofchildrenwithoutparents的被動形式。withoutparents是