2024屆高考英語完形填空宏觀邏輯(12) 講義素材

Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(獨自探險)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome41,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthe42:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.I’dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest43one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarcticaIonlytook44.Ididn’teventakeahairbrush.Thefirstfewdayswere45.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan’t46much—it’sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.I47about14timeseverytwohours.Asaresult,Ifellbehind48.Intheend,I49922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.The50IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.Ittookmeawhiletobe51ofwhatI’dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy52goal,butI’velearnedit’s53tomovethegoalposts.Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.Youtreatplaceswith54andhopethey’llallowyou55passage.【素材來源：湖南省雅禮中學2024屆高三綜合自主測試(一)英語試卷】41.A.donationB.experienceC.attentionD.rescue42.A.basicsB.risksC.benefitsD.aids43.A.cooperativeB.romanticC.unsupportedD.abnormal44.A.companionsB.necessitiesC.cashesD.credits45.A.pleasantB.calmC.toughD.lucky46.A.talkB.hearC.feelD.see47.A.felloverB.droppedoutC.lookedawayD.putup48.A.fundraisingB.supplyC.scheduleD.homework49.A.measuredB.designedC.searchedD.covered50.A.burdenB.reliefC.painD.anxiety51.A.proudB.skepticalC.shyD.ashamed52.A.insignificantB.unbearableC.disturbingD.initial53.A.regrettableB.unnecessaryC.acceptableD.inappropriate54.A.respectB.courageC.carelessnessD.coldness55.A.narrowB.safeC.limitedD.challenging【魔法帶練】第一步，忽視空格，圈畫關(guān)鍵詞（實詞，人名，數(shù)字），瀏覽全篇文章，概括大意。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(獨自探險)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome41,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthe42:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.I’dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest43one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarcticaIonlytook44.Ididn’teventakeahairbrush.Thefirstfewdayswere45.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan’t46much—it’sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.I47about14timeseverytwohours.Asaresult,Ifellbehind48.Intheend,I49922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.The50IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.Ittookmeawhiletobe51ofwhatI’dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy52goal,butI’velearnedit’s53tomovethegoalposts.Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.Youtreatplaceswith54andhopethey’llallowyou55passage.【主題推導】這篇文章描寫作者為了南極冒險做了一系列事情，是一篇記敘文，文章通過一系列的時間線索反映作者在獨自冒險的心理反映。然而到最后作者利用最后一段發(fā)出人生的感慨。具體可以留意一下紅色標注的時間狀語。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(獨自探險)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome41,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.41.A.donationB.experienceC.attentionD.rescue【選項分析】A選項donationn.捐贈物，捐贈，贈送Youcanofcoursehelpbygivingthemadonationdirectly.你當然可以通過直接給他們一筆捐贈來幫助他們。B選項experiencen.經(jīng)歷，往事；經(jīng)驗，閱歷；傳統(tǒng)Itwasaterrifyingexperience.那是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。C選項attentionn.注意；注意力；照料；興趣；立正；殷勤，關(guān)心Youhavemyundividedattention.我全部的注意力都在你身上。D選項rescuen.營救，救援；營救行動Wehadgivenuphopeofrescue.我們那時已經(jīng)放棄了獲救的希望?！具壿嫹治觥孔髡咭獔竺?周訓練課程不就是為了獲得獨自去南極旅游的經(jīng)歷Ilearnedallthe42:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.42.A.basicsB.risksC.benefitsD.aids【選項分析】A選項basicn.基本要素，基本原則Waterisabasicnecessityoflife.水是一種基本生活必需品。B選項riskn.危險，風險；危險的人（或事物），隱患；Thereisnoriskofcontagion.沒有接觸傳染的風險。C選項benefitn.好處，益處；救濟金，補助金；額外獎勵，保險金；慈善活動I'vehadthebenefitofagoodeducation.我得益于受過良好教育。D選項aidn.幫助；援助，救助；輔助物，輔助設(shè)施；助手Foodaidisurgentlyneeded.迫切需要食物援助。【邏輯分析】howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.意為如何在雪地里露營，如何拉雪橇，穿什么衣服。注意這個空考察的是句子復(fù)現(xiàn)；冒號后接同位語，所以，這里就是說冒險的基礎(chǔ)知識。InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.10月，我從蓬塔阿雷納斯飛往南極洲。I’dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest43one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarctica43.A.cooperativeB.romanticC.unsupportedD.abnormal【選項分析】A選項cooperativeadj.合作的，協(xié)作的；樂于配合的；（企業(yè)或其他組織）合作性的Cooperativeactivityisessentialtoeffectivecommunitywork.要把社區(qū)工作做好，協(xié)作活動是必不可少的B選項romanticadj.（人）浪漫的，有情調(diào)的；（事物）富有浪漫色彩的Themovieisaromanticcomedy.這部電影是一個浪漫喜劇。C選項unsupportedadj.未經(jīng)證實的；無支持的，無贊助的；無支撐物的；Theirclaimsareunsupportedbyresearchfindings.他們的說法并未能得到研究結(jié)果的證實。D選項abnormaladj.反常的，異常的，變態(tài)的；不規(guī)則的Theythoughthisbehaviourwasabnormal.他們認為他行為反常?！具壿嫹治觥縄nthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(獨自探險)acrossAntarctica.2018年夏天，我決定進行一次穿越南極洲的單人探險(獨自探險)。這個空考察的是主旨句的具象化的同義替換。既然獨自旅行那肯定是沒有支持的unsupported;而且下文提示one-wayexpedition單向探險.Ionlytook44.Ididn’teventakeahairbrush.A.companionsB.necessitiesC.cashesD.credits【選項分析】A選項companionn.同伴，伴侶；（受雇照料老人或病人的）陪護；成對的物品之一；同甘共苦的伙伴；Hewasagoodfriend,adependablecompanion.他是個好朋友，一個可以信賴的同伴。B選項necessityn.必需品，必需的事物；必要，需要；必然性，不可避免的情況Thereisagreementonthenecessityofreforms.關(guān)于改革的必要性有一致意見。C選項cashnoun.現(xiàn)金Howmuchcashdoyouhaveonyou?你身上帶著多少現(xiàn)金？D選項creditn.信用，信貸，賒購；贊揚，信譽，聲望；存款金額，余額Shewaschargedwithcreditcardfraud.她被控告信用卡欺騙罪?！具壿嫹治觥窟@個空格考察的是具象化的同義替換。Hairbrush頭發(fā)梳子，作者認為這是非必要的；那么前面那個空格這不就是必需品，必要品。Thefirstfewdayswere45.45.A.pleasantB.calmC.toughD.lucky【選項分析】A選項pleasantadj.令人愉快的，愜意的；禮貌而友善的，和藹可親的Paulwasashy,pleasant,solitaryman.保羅是個靦腆的、討人喜歡的、慣于獨處的人B選項calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的；平靜的，穩(wěn)定的；風平浪靜的Themainthingistostaycalm.最重要的是要保持冷靜。C選項toughadj.（物質(zhì)，物體）堅韌的，堅固的；（政策或行動）強硬的，嚴厲的；吃苦耐勞的，堅韌不拔的；頑固的Itwasatoughbutcleangame.這是一場打得艱苦但卻是規(guī)規(guī)矩矩的比賽。D選項luckyadj.幸運的，走運的；吉祥的Otheryoungstersarenotsolucky.其他的年輕人沒有這么幸運?！具壿嫹治觥窟@個空考察的是具象化的同義替換?？疾斓男问接悬c像第42空，根據(jù)后文提示.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.風速約為每小時60英里，我的雪橇重達120公斤。Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.我每天要忙活13到15個小時。可以推導這頭幾天的生活是艱難的tough.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan’t46much—it’sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.46A.talkB.hearC.feelD.see【選項分析】A選項talkv.說話，交談，談話；談判，商討；Wetalkedonthephoneforoveranhour.我們在電話里談了一個多小時。B選項hearv.聽到，聽見；聆聽，傾聽；聽說，得知；審理，聽審；腦際響起；聽明白Didyouheartheclockstrike?你聽見鐘響了嗎？C選項feelv.感受到，體會到；覺得，相信；使人感覺……；察覺到，意識到；觸摸；受到；摸索；有知覺，能感知Shesoundedmoreconfidentthanshefelt.她的語氣聽起來比她本人的感覺要有信心。D選項seev.看見，看到；有視力，看得見；看（電影或電視節(jié)目）；注意到，看出；了解，發(fā)現(xiàn)Shelookedforhimbutcouldn'tseehiminthecrowd.她在人群里找來找去，但沒看見他。【邏輯分析】這里考察的是讓步的行文邏輯，讓步從句提到即使能見度visibility很好，也是看得不清晰，因為whitehorizon,全是白茫茫的一片所以D選項see當選Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.然后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)情況更糟了Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.有更多的sastrugi(雪脊)，感覺更冷。Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.過去的40個小時真的很難熬。I47about14timeseverytwohours.47.A.felloverB.droppedoutC.lookedawayD.putup【選項分析】A選項fallover倒下；倒塌；摔倒Keepaneyeonyouryoungerbrother.Itiseasytofalloverwhenbabieslearntowalk.注意你弟弟，小孩子學走路時容易摔倒。B選項dropout退出；退學；掉落Herparentsworriedaboutherhealthandadvisedhertodropoutofschool,butXu'sanswerwasno.她的父母擔心她的健康，建議她退學，但她的回答是否定的。C選項lookaway轉(zhuǎn)移目光；扭頭看別處；把臉轉(zhuǎn)過去Shelookedathiminsuchdistressthathehadtolookaway.她如此憂傷地看著他，以至他不得不把目光轉(zhuǎn)向別處。D選項putup舉起；建造；掛起；張貼Cananyoneputupbailforyou?有人保釋你嗎？【邏輯分析】前文提到過去的40個小時是難熬的，為什么難熬的？不就是因為每兩個小時我大概都會摔倒14次。后文提及作者落后fallbehind,也是指向作者摔倒了。Asaresult,Ifellbehind48.A.fundraisingB.supplyC.scheduleD.homework【選項分析】A選項fundraisingn.（尤指為慈善機構(gòu)或政黨而進行的）資金籌集，募捐Fundraisingistocollectorproducemoneytoacharitytohelpothers.籌款是為慈善機構(gòu)募集或創(chuàng)造資金以幫助他人B選項supplyn.供給量，儲備；（商品、服務(wù)的）供應(yīng)量；供應(yīng)，補給；生活必需品，Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplabour.有豐富的廉價勞動力供應(yīng)。C選項schedulen.計劃（表），進度表；<美>（公共汽車、火車等的）時間表；Ihaveahecticscheduleforthenextfewdays.我今后幾天的日程緊得要命。D選項homeworkn.（學生的）家庭作業(yè)；準備工作；（尤指低酬勞計件活）在家里做的活計Howmuchhomeworkdoyouget?你有多少家庭作業(yè)？【邏輯分析】下文提及fellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.離我的目標還差100多英里。所以可推導整個句子的意思是fallbehindschedule進度落后，這是固定搭配。.Intheend,I49922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.49.A.measuredB.designedC.searchedD.covered【選項分析】A選項measureverb測量；估量Aship'sspeedismeasuredinknots.船速以節(jié)測量。B選項designv.設(shè)計，制圖，構(gòu)思；籌劃，制訂；預(yù)定，指定She'sgoodatartanddesign.她擅長美術(shù)和設(shè)計。C選項searchv.搜查，搜尋；搜查Shewentintothekitcheninsearchof(=lookingfor)adrink.她進了廚房，想找點喝的。D選項coverv.覆蓋，遮蓋；包括，涉及；報道；Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.她雙手掩面?！具壿嫹治觥窟@里考察的是動詞與賓語的搭配，cover考察的是熟詞僻義表示距離，比如：Bysunsetwehadcoveredthirtymiles.到日落時我們已走了三十英里。Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.旅行快結(jié)束時，一架直升機飛來接我。The50IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.50A.burdenB.reliefC.painD.anxiety【選項分析】A選項burdenn.負擔，責任；負重，負荷；船的載重量，噸位；（演講、書或辯論的）主題，主旨HerdeathwillbeanimpossibleburdenonPaul.她的去世會成為保羅難以承受的負擔。B選項relief寬慰；輕松；減輕；緩解Weallbreathedasighofreliefwhenheleft.他走了以后，我們大家都如釋重負地松了口氣。C選項painn.疼痛，傷痛；苦惱，悲痛；Shewasclearlyinalotofpain.她顯然疼痛萬分。D選項anxietyn.焦慮，憂慮；令人焦慮的事；渴望；焦慮癥Somehospitalpatientsexperiencehighlevelsofanxiety.有些住院病人十分焦慮不安?！具壿嫹治觥縲henIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable當我看到遠處的那個終點時，我感到難以置信。這個空考察的是時間的行文邏輯。因為作者看到了終點所以作者釋然了。Ittookmeawhiletobe51ofwhatI’dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy52goal,butI’velearnedit’s53tomovethegoalposts.51.A.proudB.skepticalC.shyD.ashamed52.A.insignificantB.unbearableC.disturbingD.initial53.A.regrettableB.unnecessaryC.acceptableD.inappropriate【選項分析】A選項proudadj.自豪的，得意的；令人自豪的；傲慢的，自負的；自尊的，自重的；Yourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.你的成就是值得驕傲的。B選項skepticaladj.不相信的，持懷疑態(tài)度的；（哲）懷疑論的，不可知論的Ifyou'restillskepticalaboutexercising,wecanonlyaskyoutotrustusandgiveitatry.如果你仍對鍛煉持懷疑態(tài)度，我們只能請你相信我們，試一試。C選項shyadj.害羞的，靦腆的；顯得靦腆的，看著羞怯的；（動物）易受驚的，膽小的；Theirsonwaspainfullyshy.他們的兒子非常害羞。D選項ashamedadj.感到羞愧，感到羞恥；羞于（做某事）Shewasdeeplyashamedofherbehaviourattheparty.她對自己在聚會上的行為深感羞愧【選項分析】A選項insignificantadj.微不足道的，無足輕重的；（人）無權(quán)無勢的；無意義的Hemadeherfeelinsignificantandstupid.他使她感到卑微愚蠢。B選項unbearableadj.難以忍受的；承受不住的Theheatwasbecomingunbearable.炎熱開始變得難以忍受。C選項disturbingadj.令人不安的，引起恐慌的Thenewspaperhasunearthedsomedisturbingfacts.報紙揭發(fā)了一些令人不安的真相。D選項initialadj.開始的，最初的；Theinitialreactionhasbeenexcellent.最初的反應(yīng)極好。【選項分析】A選項regrettableadj.令人懊悔的，令人遺憾的Thelossofjobsishighlyregrettable.失去工作非常令人遺憾。B選項unnecessaryadj.不必要的；多余的，無用的Ihateunnecessarywaste.我憎恨不必要的浪費。C選項acceptableadj.可接受的，（大多數(shù)人）認同的；合意的，令人滿意的；尚可的，勉強的；Itisbecomingmoreacceptableforwomentodrink.女性飲酒越來越為人接受。D選項inappropriateadj.不恰當?shù)?，不合適的Itisinappropriatesimplytothrowmoneyattheseproblems.只是用錢去處理這些問題是不適當?shù)?。【邏輯分析?1空考察的是習語搭配，beproudof對....自豪，其中的信號詞就是ofwhatIhadachieved;52空考察的是動賓搭配，initialgoal最初的目標；fallbehindtheschedule落后日期=notreachtheinitialgoal;Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.我不同意征服(征服)某處的想法。所以itisacceptabletomovethegoalposts.移動門柱是可以接受的Youtreatplaceswith54andhopethey’llallowyou55passage.54.A.respectB.courageC.carelessnessD.coldness55.A.narrowB.safeC.limitedD.challenging【選項分析】A選項respectn.尊敬，敬重；重視，尊重；方面，著眼點；問候，敬意Shepromisedtorespectourwishes.她保證尊重我們的愿望。B選項couragen.勇氣，膽量Heshowedcourageinadversity.他在逆境中顯示出了勇氣。C選項carelessnessn.粗心大意Hiscarelessnesslosthimthejob.他粗枝大葉，丟了工作。D選項coldnessn.寒冷；冷淡Shewashurtbythecoldnessinhisvoice.他說話的冷漠語氣讓她很傷心。【選項分析】A選項narrowadj.狹窄的，狹小的；（想法、態(tài)度或信仰）狹隘的；勉強的，Heturnedintoanarrowstreet.他拐進了一條狹窄的街道。B選項safeadj.安全的，平安的；不損害（或危害）健康的；謹慎的；TheUNdeclareditasafearea.聯(lián)合國宣布此處為安全區(qū)。C選項limitedadj.有限的；受限的；受憲法限制的；Wearedoingourbestwiththelimitedresourcesavailable.我們利用可獲得的有限資源，盡最大的努力。D選項challengingadj.富于挑戰(zhàn)性的，困難而有趣的；挑釁的，不贊同的Shedoesnotlikeanyonechallengingherauthority.她不喜歡任何人挑戰(zhàn)她的權(quán)威【邏輯分析】54空的線索句是Idon’tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.我不同意征服(征服)某處的想法。所以對待每個地方都是帶有尊重；都會希望你安全通行；這也就是作者這次獨自去南極的啟發(fā)。第三步，再次回顧原文，逐個空根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞以及行文邏輯逐個驗證，全文進行視譯（視譯：是不用動筆頭只需要心里面過一遍譯文就可以了）注意一下帶顏色標注的線索詞匯。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(獨自探險)acrossAntarctica.Togetsomeexperience,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthebasics:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticaf