遼寧省沈陽市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期中試題與參考答案

遼寧省沈陽市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期中試題與參考答案第一部分：聽力第一節(jié)：聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatisJanegoingtodo?ABuysomebooks.B.Studyinthelibrary.C.Doapart-timejob.2.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Travel.B.Housework.C.Weather.3.WhenwillTinaleavefortheairport?A.At2:00pm.B.At3:30pm.C.At6:30pm.4.Howwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.Bybicycle.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.5.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthenews?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.第二節(jié)：聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatmighttherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakersbe?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shedidsomeresearch.B.Shemetaclient.C.Shetypedareport.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasaheadache.B.Hehasabadcold.C.Hehasalowfever.9.WhattimewillthemanseeDr.Carter?A.At4:00pm,Wednesday.B.At8:00am,Tuesday.C.At8:15am,Thursday.10.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Dr.Carter.B.Dr.Carter’ssecretary.C.Dr.Carter’spatient.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantoaddtotheletter?A.Herphoto.B.Herhobbies.C.Herdrivinglicense.12.Whatlanguageisthewomanleastfluentin?A.Chinese.B.French.C.Japanese.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhertypingskills?A.Useful.B.Poor.C.Basic.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wheremightthetwospeakersbe?A.Inalift.B.Ataclinic.C.Atarestaurant.15.Howdoesthewomanreacttotheemergency?A.Shecomplains.B.Sheburstsintotears.C.Shekeepsmakingtelephones.16.Whyisthemansocalm?A.Hethinksit’suselesstoworry.B.Heknowshowtosolvetheproblem.C.Hehasbeeninthesamesituationbefore.17.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Cancelherappointment.B.Introduceherself.C.Ringthealarm.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Inwhichcountryisitpropertomakeanoisewhiledrinking?A.Mexico.B.Britain.C.Japan.19.WhatisconsideredrudeintheArabcountries?A.Eatingwithyourlefthand.B.Liftingthebowltoyourmouth.C.Keepingyourhandsonthetable.20.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergiveondifferentmanners?A.Doingasyoudoathome.B.Visitingdifferentcountries.C.Followingthenativepeople.第二部分：閱讀理解第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AManysummercampshavehadtocanceltheirprogrammingduetoCOVID-19.Sowehavefoundagreatselectionofvirtualsummercampsforyourchildren.HappyCamperLiveAges:5~18Cost:$499amonthWhatisspecialaboutHappyCamperLiveisthattherearehundredsofcampadventuresandexperiencestochoosefromtoofferyourchildrenuniquecampexperience.Childrencanmakefunwithaworld-classathlete,playvolleyballwithanationalhighschoolchampionandlearnanewart,craftormusicalinstrument.SmartRobotsVirtualCampAges:7~11Cost:$179fortwoweeksCamperswillreceiveasmartcodingrobotofchoiceandlearningmaterialsandappstogetthemstartedinthiscamp.Thiscampisofmuchsocialexperience.Attheendofcamp,eachchildwillbecertificatedasa“juniorcoder”,havemadepenfriendsforlifeandhavenewskillsandknowledgetobringintotheirclassroomsinthefall.WrittenOutLoudAges:8~17Cost:250perweekThestorytellingschoolWrittenOutLoudhastransformeditsprogramtoavirtualstorytellingworkshop.Foundedin2018byaHollywoodfilm-maker,WrittenOutLoudoffersclassesforchildrenaged8to17thatcombinearangeofdisciplinessuchascreativewriting,film-makingandevenimprovingcomedy.GotGameSummerAcademyAges:4~12Cost:$195fortwoweeksWithafocusonreading,writingandmath,GotGamewillhelpyourchildrenstayacademicallyontrackwhilestillhavingfuninanenergisedvirtuallearningenvironment.Childrenwillreceivepersonalisedattentionfromteacherswhilealsoparticipatingingamesthatcentrearoundcommunicationongroupprojectsandbuildingindividualskills.1.Wherecancampersamusethemselveswithaworld-classathlete?A.InHappyCamperLive. B.InWrittenOutLoud.C.InSmartRobotsVirtualCamp. D.InGotGameSummerAcademy.2.What’sspecialaboutSmartRobotsVirtualCamp?A.Itisanexperiencedcamp.B.Itfocusesonimprovingmusicalskills.C.It’sthemostexpensiveofthefourcamps.D.Itoffersalargenumberofdifferentactivities3.WhatdoWrittenOutLoudandGotGameSummerAcademyhaveincommon?A.Theyaresuitableforchildrenunder8.B.Theyteachchildrenhowtomakefilms.C.Theyimprovechildren’swritingskills.D.Theyenablechildrentolearnwhileplayinggames.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)在新冠疫情期間適合學(xué)生參加的虛擬夏令營(yíng)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HappyCamperLive的“Childrencanmakefunwithaworld-classathlete,playvolleyballwithanationalhighschoolchampionandlearnanewart,craftormusicalinstrument.(孩子們可以和世界級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員一起玩耍，和全國(guó)高中冠軍一起打排球，學(xué)習(xí)新的藝術(shù)、工藝或樂器。)”可知，在HappyCamperLive中，孩子們可以和世界級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員一起玩耍。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SmartRobotsVirtualCamp中的“Thiscampisofmuchsocialexperience.(這個(gè)營(yíng)地有很多社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知，該夏令營(yíng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富。故選A項(xiàng)。3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WrittenOutLoud的“Foundedin2018byaHollywoodfilm-maker,WittenOutLoudoffersclassesforchildrenaged8to17thatcombinearangeofdisciplinessuchascreativewriting,film-makingandevenimprovingcomedy.(WittenOutLoud由一名好萊塢電影制作人于2018年創(chuàng)立，為8至17歲的兒童提供課程，結(jié)合了創(chuàng)意寫作、電影制作甚至提高喜劇水平等一系列學(xué)科。)”中的disciplinessuchascreativewriting，以及GotGameSummerAcademy的“Withafocusonreading,writingandmath,GotGamewillhelpyourchildrenstayacademicallyontrackwhilestillhavingfuninanenergizedvirtuallearningenvironment.(專注于閱讀，寫作和數(shù)學(xué)，GotGame將幫助您的孩子在一個(gè)充滿活力的虛擬學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境中保持學(xué)業(yè)上的正軌)”中的Withafocusonreading,writingandmath可知，這兩個(gè)夏令營(yíng)都能提高孩子的寫作能力。故選C項(xiàng)。BMyhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.Itriedtodefeatmyfearofspeakinginpubliconnumerousoccasionsthroughoutmylife.Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.PublicspeakinghadbeenmynemesisforaslongasIcouldremember.Theninmymid-thirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamscometrue—thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,asasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.SoIendeduponthatfrighteningstageonthatsunnySaturdayinApril—EarthDay.Despitethebodyshakesandfear,Ipersevered.Thatday,Ilookedoutintothecrowdoflike-mindedsciencesupportersandIfeltcomfort.Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“nemesis”inParagraph1?A.Advantage. B.Annoyance. C.Preference. D.Confusion.5.HowdidtheauthorbehavetowardspublicspeakingafterleavingToastmasters?A.Hebegantofeellessworried. B.Hebecameapolishedspeaker.C.Heremainedashyspeaker. D.Thingsbecameworseforhim.6.WhatmadetheauthorwanttospeakoutonEarthDay?A.Itwasagoodchancetolearnscience.B.ItwasatestorganisedbyToastmasters.C.Hemustriseuptodefendhisjob.D.Hecouldn’thavepeopleattackingscience.7.Whatlessondidtheauthordrawfromhissuccessfulspeech?A.Frustrationcanbesteppingstonestosuccess.B.Sciencecanleadustomakewonderfulchanges.C.Anydifficultycanbeovercomewithgreatefforts.D.Passioncanmotiveustoachievetheunachievable.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己多年恐懼在公共場(chǎng)合講話，無法克服障礙，終于在最近科學(xué)和科研機(jī)構(gòu)由于疫情原因受到不公平攻擊時(shí)，克服恐懼，為科學(xué)及科學(xué)工作者勇敢發(fā)聲，做到了以前不可能做到的事情。【4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.(在大學(xué)期間和我最初的幾份工作中，當(dāng)我必須做報(bào)告或主持會(huì)議時(shí)，我會(huì)感到異常緊張。)”可知作者在大學(xué)期間和參加工作之初，都是不敢當(dāng)眾說話的態(tài)度，但是所以一到開會(huì)或者需要做公開演講的時(shí)候就會(huì)緊張。由此可以推斷當(dāng)眾公開講話是使作者“煩惱甚至惱火的的事”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork(在每次會(huì)議上，我們都被迫與其他演講者競(jìng)爭(zhēng)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為我在經(jīng)歷這些之后會(huì)成為一名出色的演說家，但這些經(jīng)歷似乎都不起作用)”可知，作者在Toastmasters練習(xí)并參加很多比賽，但是仍然沒有成為一個(gè)嫻熟的演講者，仍然無法克服障礙，還是靦腆無法表達(dá)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itwasn'tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.(直到最近，當(dāng)科學(xué)和科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)在疫情大流行期間受到不公平的理由的攻擊幫助時(shí)，我才決定我必須發(fā)聲)”可知，因?yàn)樽约核趪?guó)家的科學(xué)和科研機(jī)構(gòu)受到言論攻擊，這使作者要挺身而出捍衛(wèi)科學(xué)，不能任由人們攻擊科學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Atalmostforty,IlearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflameinmyhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.(在將近四十歲的時(shí)候，我明白了激情可以點(diǎn)燃我心中的火焰，去做我從未夢(mèng)想過的事情。導(dǎo)致我演講的黑暗一定會(huì)帶來新的機(jī)會(huì)和冒險(xiǎn))”可知，作者意識(shí)到激情能夠燃燒內(nèi)心的火焰，然自己做到曾經(jīng)不可能完成的事情。故選D項(xiàng)。CDogsmayappeartohaveselectivehearingwhenitcomestoordersbutresearchsuggeststheyarepayingattentiontohumanchitchat.Researchers,whoarrangedforheadphone-wearingdogstolistentoexcerpts(節(jié)錄)fromthenovelTheLittlePrince,revealedtheirbrainscantellthedifferencesbetweenspeechandnon-speechwhenlisteningtohumanvoices,andshowdifferentresponsestospeechinanunfamiliarlanguage.Theresearchinvolved18dogsofvariousagesandbreeds(品種)thatweretrainedtolieinanMRIscannerwithheadphoneson.TheywerethenplayedrecordingseitherofhumansreadingexcerptsfromTheLittlePrinceorthosesamerecordingscutupintosmallpiecesandputbacktogetherinadifferentordersoitsoundedunnatural.Theresults,publishedinthejournalNeuroImage,revealedthedogs’brainsshowedadifferentactivitypatternintheprimaryauditorycortex(聽覺皮層)forspeechcomparedwithnon-speech,withthefindingssimilarregardlessofwhetherthelanguageused—HungarianorSpanish—wasfamiliar.Curiously,thelongerthedogs’headswere,thebettertheirbrainscoulddistinguishspeechfromnon-speech.Theteamalsofoundtheactivitypatternwasstrongerfornon-speech.Inhumans,wetypicallyseestrongerresponsetospeech.Theresearchalsorevealedfamiliarandunfamiliarlanguagesgaverisetodifferentresponsesinthesecondaryauditorycortex—butonlyforspeech.Thatwasimportant,saidAndics,seniorauthorofthestudyatLorándUniversityinHungary,asitsuggestedtheabilitytodistinguishbetweenlanguageswasnotsimplydowntothespeakersbeingdifferent.Instead,theteamsaid,thedifferencesseenbetweenlanguagesforspeechareprobablydowntoexposuretothefamiliarlanguageandasensitivitytolanguage-specificregularities.“Thisisalsosupportedbytheobservationthatolderdogsshowthestrongerdiscriminationbetweenthetwolanguages,”saidAndics.8.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tomakeacomparison. B.Tointroducethesubject.C.Toprovidethebackground. D.Toproposeadefinition.9.What’sParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessoftheresearch. B.Thepurposeoftheresearch.C.Thesubjectoftheresearch. D.Theoutcomeoftheresearch.10.Onwhatbasisdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?A.Howoldandwhatbreedsthedogsare.B.Howmanytimesthedogsreadthebook.C.Howdogs’brainsreacttodifferentspeeches.D.Howdogsgetfamiliarwiththelanguagesused.11.Whycouldolderdogshavestrongerdiscrimination?A.Theyhavemetmoredifferentspeakers.B.Theyhavebeenexposedtostrictertraining.C.Theypossessabettersenseofcommitment.D.Theysharethespeakers’environmentlonger.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)狗狗可以識(shí)別出人的閑談，介紹了研究對(duì)象、方法、過程和結(jié)果?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Dogsmayappeartohaveselectivehearingwhenitcomestoordersbutresearchsuggeststheyarepayingattentiontohumanchitchat.(狗在聽到命令時(shí)似乎有選擇性聽力，但研究表明它們一直在關(guān)注人類的閑聊)”結(jié)合下文對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的研究推知，該段用來引出狗狗可以識(shí)別人的閑談這一主題。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchinvolved18dogsofvariousagesandbreeds(品種)thatweretrainedtolieinanMRIscannerwithheadphoneson.TheywerethenplayedrecordingseitherofhumansreadingexcerptsfromTheLittlePrinceorthosesamerecordingscutupintosmallpiecesandputbacktogetherinadifferentordersoitsoundedunnatural.(該研究涉及18只不同年齡和品種的狗，這些狗被訓(xùn)練成戴著耳機(jī)躺在MRI掃描儀中，然后播放錄音。要么是人們閱讀《小王子》的節(jié)選，要么是那些相同的錄音被分成幾部分，然后以不同的順序重新組合在一起，因此聽起來不自然)”可知，本段介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)象，實(shí)驗(yàn)如何分組和實(shí)施。故該段講的是實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Theresults,publishedinthejournalNeuroImage,revealedthedogs’brainsshowedadifferentactivitypatternintheprimaryauditorycortex(聽覺皮層)forspeechcomparedwithnon-speech,withthefindingssimilarregardlessofwhetherthelanguageused—HungarianorSpanish—wasfamiliar.Curiously,thelongerthedogs’headswere,thebettertheirbrainscoulddistinguishspeechfromnon-speech.(發(fā)表在《神經(jīng)圖像》雜志上的研究結(jié)果顯示，與非語音相比，狗的大腦在主要的聽覺皮層中表現(xiàn)出不同的語言活動(dòng)模式，無論使用的語言是匈牙利語還是西班牙語，都是相似的。奇怪的是，狗的頭越長(zhǎng)，它們的大腦就越能區(qū)分言語和非言語)”可知，本研究是通過分析狗狗大腦對(duì)不同語言的反應(yīng)而得出結(jié)論的。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段“Instead,theteamsaid,thedifferencesseenbetweenlanguagesforspeechareprobablydowntoexposuretothefamiliarlanguageandasensitivitytolanguage-specificregularities.(相反，研究小組說，語言之間的語音差異可能歸結(jié)為熟悉的語言和對(duì)特定語言規(guī)律的敏感性)”及最后一段““Thisisalsosupportedbytheobservationthatolderdogsshowthestrongerdiscriminationbetweenthetwolanguages,”saidAndics.(Andics說：“這也得到了觀察的支持，即老年狗在兩種語言之間表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的辨別力?！?”可知，狗能區(qū)分語言之間的不同是由于狗接觸熟悉的語言以及對(duì)特定語言常規(guī)模式的敏感。這是因?yàn)槟昙o(jì)大的狗狗對(duì)某種語言更加熟悉敏感。由此推知，和說話者共處同一環(huán)境的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)讓年紀(jì)大的狗狗有更強(qiáng)的分辨能力。故選D。DSocietytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere’ssomethingtobesaidforsolitude(獨(dú)處),“Beingalonedoesn’tnecessarilymeanbeinglonely”.Infact,spendingtimebyyourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.TheUnitedStatesisn’ttheonlyplacewhereyou’llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.AcrosstheAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted(外向型的)country.AsurveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslikegoingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheirleisuretimesocialisingwithothersastheydobeingalone.Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge—thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhavethespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtocommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn’tasingrained(根深蒂固的)asasocialconventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Peoplecanbenefitmorefromsolitude.B.Peopletendtosocialisemorenowadays.C.Beingalonegenerallyequalsbeinglonely.D.Beingaloneenablespeopletobecarefree.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesyoungAmericans?A.Imaginativeandwild. B.Responsibleandenergetic.C.Optimisticanddutiful. D.Outgoingandsociable.14.WhyaremostChinesepeoplemorelikelytolivetogether?A.Becausetheyshareaspecificculture.B.Becausetheylacksomelocalcustoms.C.Becausetheypossessenoughhomespace.D.Becausetheygiveprioritytotheirownneeds.15.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheEssenceofSelf-care B.EnjoySolitude,EnjoyYourselfC.TheFunctionsofDifferentCultures D.ThePerspectivesonSolitude【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了不同文化對(duì)獨(dú)處的不同看法?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Societytellsusweshouldsocialisetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.(社會(huì)告訴我們，我們應(yīng)該充分地社交，那些被人包圍的人是最成功和最快樂的。如今，我們幾乎總是聯(lián)系在一起，無論是面對(duì)面，還是通過手機(jī)屏幕和在線社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)。)”可知，如今我們幾乎總是聯(lián)系在一起，無論是面對(duì)面還是通過手機(jī)屏幕和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)；由此可推知，如今的人們更傾向于社交。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.(如果你住在美國(guó)或曾在美國(guó)生活過一段時(shí)間，你可能會(huì)意識(shí)到美國(guó)人傾向于拒絕獨(dú)處。對(duì)許多年輕人來說，周末充滿了社交活動(dòng)，從和朋友吃早午餐到晚宴，從游戲之夜到酒吧喝酒，以及介于這兩者之間的一切。)”可知，美國(guó)的年輕人周末充滿了社交活動(dòng)。由此可推知，美國(guó)的年輕人都比較好社交。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsoflifearerelatedtoaroundcommunity.(中國(guó)也很喜歡多口之家，只有大約10%的人獨(dú)自生活。在這些更集體主義的文化中，生活的許多方面都與周圍的社區(qū)有關(guān)。)”可知，大多數(shù)中國(guó)人更喜歡住在一起的原因是中國(guó)這種集體主義文化。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段首句“Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.(在世界各地，不同的文化對(duì)獨(dú)處的意義有著不同的看法。)”可知不同的文化對(duì)獨(dú)處有著不同的看法；文章第二、三、四段分別談到了美國(guó)、英國(guó)、印度和中國(guó)等國(guó)家的人對(duì)獨(dú)處的看法。由此可知，本文主要談到了不同國(guó)家對(duì)獨(dú)處的看法。D項(xiàng)“ThePerspectivesonSolitude(對(duì)獨(dú)處的看法)”最能概括本文內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Procrastination(拖延)makespeopleliveunderconstantstress.Makingchangeswillleadtopositiveresults,likerelievingstressandincreasingthequalityofwork,familytimeandjoy.Buthowto?___16___◆Acknowledgetheneedtochange.Ifyou’reamasterprocrastinator,stopmakingexcusesandacknowledgethereasonswhyprocrastinationisbad.___17___◆IdentifyandunderstandyourfeelingsYoumayfeelfearfulaboutthesizeofatask,proudofyourproductivity,andanxiousaboutyourtime.___18___However,couldyoubreakahugeprojectupintomanageabletasks?Youmightneedtosay“no”moreoftentogivethepropertimeandattentiontothemoreimportantthings.Youcanalsosetatimelimitonyourbreak,maybe15to20minutes.◆___19___Ifyoufindyourselfwithsomefreetimeandyouneedtoconvinceyourselftostartworkingonadifficulttask,followthefive-minuterule.Forceyourselftoworkonataskforjustfiveminutes,withtheunderstandingthatyoucanquitafterfiveminutesifyoulike.Thissimplementaltrickisusuallyjusttogetyoustarted.Anditwilloftenturnintomuchmorethanfiveminutes.◆Workonstuffearlier.___20___Butremember:Justbecauseyoustartworkingonsomethingdoesn’tmeanyouhavetofinish.Bystarting,yougetthejuicesflowing,allowingyoutogetmoredonethanyouanticipated.Additionally,youincreasethequalityofyourworkbecauseeverytimeyoureviseyourthing,itgetsbetter.So,remember:Fightingprocrastinationisalife-longbattle,butit’sawinnableone.A.Usethefive-minuterule.B.Theseemotionsarequitenatural.C.Youmightthinkofthepossibleresults.D.Herearesomewaystobeatprocrastination.E.Payspecialattentiontothequalityofyourwork.F.Otherwise,youwon’tbeconvincedthere’saneedtochange.G.Formasterprocrastinators,theideaofworkingtooearlyonataskisstupid.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.A20.G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。拖延癥使人們生活在持續(xù)的壓力之下，文章主要介紹了如何打敗拖延癥的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Procrastination(拖延)makespeopleliveunderconstantstress.Makingchangeswillleadtopositiveresults,likerelievingstressandincreasingthequalityofwork,familytimeandjoy.Buthowto?(拖延癥使人們生活在持續(xù)的壓力之下。做出改變會(huì)帶來積極的結(jié)果，比如減輕壓力、提高工作質(zhì)量、家庭時(shí)間和快樂。但是怎么做呢？)”提到了拖延癥使人們生活在持續(xù)的壓力之下，做出改變會(huì)帶來積極的結(jié)果，并提出“該怎么做”這一問題；下文直接列出幾項(xiàng)打敗拖延癥的方法。由此可知，設(shè)空處需填一個(gè)過渡句，承上啟下。D項(xiàng)“Herearesomewaystobeatprocrastination.(這里有一些擊敗拖延癥的方法)”與上下文對(duì)應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Acknowledgetheneedtochange.(承認(rèn)改變的必要)”可知，本段主題與改變相關(guān)；上文“Ifyou’reamasterprocrastinator,stopmakingexcusesandacknowledgethereasonswhyprocrastinationisbad.(如果你是一個(gè)拖延大師，停止找借口，承認(rèn)拖延不好的原因)”提到了停止找借口，承認(rèn)拖延是不好的；選項(xiàng)中只有F項(xiàng)“Otherwise,youwon’tbeconvincedthere’saneedtochange.(否則，你不會(huì)相信有改變的必要)”與“改變”這一主題相關(guān)，且與上文對(duì)應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Identifyandunderstandyourfeelings.(認(rèn)識(shí)并理解你的感受)”可知，本段主題與感受和情緒相關(guān)；上文“Youmayfeelfearfulaboutthesizeofatask,proudofyourproductivity,andanxiousaboutyourtime.(你可能會(huì)對(duì)任務(wù)的規(guī)模感到害怕，為自己的效率感到驕傲，為自己的時(shí)間感到焦慮)”提到了害怕、驕傲、和焦慮等情緒；下文“However,couldyoubreakahugeprojectupintomanageabletasks?(然而，你能把一個(gè)龐大的項(xiàng)目分解成可管理的任務(wù)嗎？)”則轉(zhuǎn)而提到把龐大的項(xiàng)目分解成可管理的小任務(wù)。B項(xiàng)“Theseemotionsarequitenatural.(這些情緒是很自然的)”中的theseemotions恰好指代上文的fearful、proud、anxious等情緒。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段的小標(biāo)題，需能概括本段主旨；下文“Ifyoufindyourselfwithsomefreetimeandyouneedtoconvinceyourselftostartworkingonadifficulttask,followthefive-minuterule.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有一些空閑時(shí)間，你需要說服自己開始做一個(gè)困難的任務(wù)，遵循五分鐘規(guī)則)”提到了如果要說服自己開始做一個(gè)困難的任務(wù)，遵循五分鐘規(guī)則。由此可知，本段主要與五分鐘規(guī)則相關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“Usethefive-minuterule.(使用五分鐘規(guī)則)”能概括本段主旨。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Workonstuffearlier.(早點(diǎn)做事)”可知，本段主要與workearlier相關(guān)；下文“Butremember:Justbecauseyoustartworkingonsomethingdoesn’tmeanyouhavetofinish.(但請(qǐng)記?。耗汩_始做某件事并不意味著你必須完成)”轉(zhuǎn)而提到早點(diǎn)開始做某件事并不意味著必須完成。G項(xiàng)“Formasterprocrastinators,theideaofworkingtooearlyonataskisstupid.(對(duì)于拖延癥大師來說，過早開始工作想法是愚蠢的)”既符合workearly的主題，也下文對(duì)應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Yearsago,aneighbourkidkickedafootballandbrokeasmall___21___ofourhouse.Wewereafamilylivingonasmall___22___atthetime,soIboardeditup,thinkingI’dgettoitsomeday.Overtheyears,I’dsometimesasksomeadvicefromwindowcompanies.Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse,an___23___process—$15,000.Itwassimplyoutof___24___andIturneditdownagain.___25___thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears.EverytimeIwentdownthere,itkept___26___me.IknewIneededtodealwithit,butIhadbuiltupthe___27___somuchinmymindthatIputitoffagainandagain.Thenmywifehadajob___28___,andweneededtomove.A___29___buyercouldn’tgetaloanonthehouseiftherewasa___30___window.SoIpulledofftheboardstofacethisthing.Ithadalreadybeenforatleast5years.Iusedsomerustremover(除銹劑),sprayedallaroundtherustedframe,andgaveita___31___pull.Tomy___32___,iteasilymoved.Ipulledthewindowoutandtookitdowntown.Itwasa12fix.Icouldhavefixedtheproblemfor12the___33___daywhenithappened.ButIletitworrymeforyears.___34___,thisisn’tjustaboutmywindow.Manyofustendtolivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranotherforyears.Wesuffermorein___35___thaninreality.Stepforward,andyou’llfindasolution.21.A.roof B.window C.door D.curtain22.A.salary B.fame C.passion D.chance23.A.accessible B.official C.expensive D.energetic24.A.order B.balance C.breath D.reach25.A.Therefore B.Besides C.However D.Instead26.A.replying B.troubling C.driving D.reporting27.A.difficulty B.confidence C.joy D.harm28.A.change B.interest C.habit D.journey29.A.polite B.weak C.weird D.potential30.A.defeated B.fitted C.broken D.cured31.A.lazy B.strong C.familiar D.strange32.A.disappointment B.embarrassment C.astonishment D.encouragement33.A.same B.different C.early D.new34.A.Frequently B.Actually C.Consequently D.Unexpectedly35.A.experiment B.discussion C.reaction D.imagination【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.B27.A28.A29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。講述了作者家的窗戶被打破后，他沒有及時(shí)修理，被這個(gè)問題困擾了多年。多年后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)原來只需要12美元就可以解決這個(gè)問題，借此告訴人們?cè)庥隼щy和麻煩時(shí)，與其被想象中的困難打倒，不妨試試實(shí)踐起來，或許就能得到一個(gè)解決辦法。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年前，一個(gè)鄰居家的小孩踢球打壞了我家的一扇小窗戶。A.roof房頂；B.window窗戶；C.door門；D.curtain窗簾。根據(jù)后文中的“Overtheyears,I’dsometimesasksomeadvicefromwindowcompanies.”可知，此處被打破的是“窗戶”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)叶家揽恳环菸⒈〉墓べY生活。A.salary薪資；B.fame名譽(yù)；C.passion熱情；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)該句以及后文“SoIpulledofftheboards.”可知作者家當(dāng)時(shí)依靠一份微薄的“工資”生活，窗戶被打破后，作者只好先用木板將其封住。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：該計(jì)劃是為整個(gè)房子升級(jí)為節(jié)能窗戶，這是一個(gè)昂貴的過程，花費(fèi)15000美元。A.accessible可接近的；B.official官方的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)“Theplanwastoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindowsforthewholehouse...$15,000.”可知，該公司提供的方案是將全屋的窗戶升級(jí)為節(jié)能窗戶，這對(duì)于作者來說是“昂貴的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這簡(jiǎn)直是遙不可及，我又拒絕了。A.order順序；B.balance平衡；C.breath呼吸；D.reach波及范圍。根據(jù)前文“an3process—$15,000.”可知，作者由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因用木板封住窗戶，所以15,000美元的花費(fèi)對(duì)于作者來說“遙不可及”，outofreach表“遙不可及”，符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，多年來，一想到那扇窗戶，我就心煩意亂。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides而且；C.However然而；D.Instead反而。由后文“ateatmeforyears”可知，作者因?yàn)閮r(jià)格拒絕了窗戶修理的方案，“然而”卻被窗戶的問題困擾多年。這兩件事存在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我去那里，它總是困擾著我。A.replying回應(yīng)；B.troubling困擾；C.driving驅(qū)使；D.reporting報(bào)道。根據(jù)前文“thethoughtofthatwindowateatmeforyears”可知，窗戶問題一直“困擾著”作者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我需要解決它，但我已經(jīng)在腦海中建立了這么多的困難，以至于我一次又一次地拖延。A.difficulty困難；B.confidence自信；C.confusion困惑；D.harm傷害。根據(jù)下文“Iputitoffagainandagain”可知，作者在腦海里覺得“困難”重重，因此一直沒有修。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我的妻子換了工作，我們需要搬家。A.change改變；B.interest興趣；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.journey旅行。由后文“weneededtomove”可知，作者妻子應(yīng)是“換了”工作，所以才需要搬家。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)潛在買家說他不愿意為一個(gè)有壞窗戶的房屋去申請(qǐng)貸款。A.polite禮貌的；B.weak虛弱的；C.weird奇怪的；D.potential潛在的。由后文“couldn’tgetaloanonthehouse”可知，這買家還需要貸款才買，所以還沒有買，是一個(gè)“潛在的”買家。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)潛在買家說他沒法為一個(gè)有壞窗戶的房屋去申請(qǐng)貸款。A.defeated失敗的；B.fitted合適的；C.broken破碎的；D.cured治愈的。根據(jù)后文“Ipulledofftheboardstofacethisthing”可知，作者家的窗戶仍然是“壞著的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我拿起一些除銹劑，涂在窗戶己生銹的框架上，用力一拉。A.lazy懶惰的；B.s