深圳市羅湖區(qū)2023年高三《英語(yǔ)》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案

深圳市羅湖區(qū)2023年高三《英語(yǔ)》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案第一部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACallforentries:youngwomenwriterscompetitionGuardianWeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16-21onthethemeofconversations．HowtoenterAllyouhavetodoissubmita700-wordpersonalessaythatshowsoffyourtalents——onthethemeofconversations．Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversationwithyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchangedhowyouviewedher?Doyoufindhavingcertainconversationsreallyhard,andifso,why?Isthereaconversationyouregret,oroneyouregretyouneverhad?We'rekeentohearaboutyourpersonalexperiences．Allentriesmustbesenttoweekend@theguardian．combymidnighton9March．ThePrizesTherewillbeonewinnerandtworunners-up．Thethreewinnerswilleachreceive￡250．Thewinnerswillbenotified（通知）byemailortelephoneonorbefore30March2021andgivendetailsofhowtoclaimtheirprizes．Aspartoftheeditingprocess,thethreewinnerswillparticipateinavideocallwithaGuardianWeekendeditortodiscussandedittheiressayforpublication．Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceivea1-1workshopwithaGuardianeditor．RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification．■Onlyoneentryispermittedperperson．Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed．■TheCompetitionopensat09:00on22February2021andclosesat23:59on9March2021．Entriesreceivedoutsidethistimeperiodwillnotbeconsidered．■Yourentrymustnotbecopied,andmustnotcontainanythird-partymaterialsorcontentthatyoudonothavepermissiontouse．■Youmustincludeyourname,ageandcontactdetails,includingyouremailaddressandphonenumber．1.What'sthethemeofthewritingcompetition?A.Regrets． B.Conversations．C.Grandmother'syouth． D.Personalexperiences．2.Whatextraprizewilltheoverallwinnerreceive?A.Anadditional￡250． B.Avideoofthecompetition．C.Apriornotificationofthewin． D.A1-1workshopwithaneditor．3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Co-authoringanentry． B.Includingcontactdetails．C.Mailingyourentryon1March． D.Usingothers'contentwithpermission．【答案】1.B2.D3.A【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了《衛(wèi)報(bào)周末》雜志為16-21歲的英國(guó)女性舉辦的一場(chǎng)寫作比賽的報(bào)名須知，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置和參賽規(guī)則。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句“GuardianWeekend

magazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16-21onthethemeofconversations．（《衛(wèi)報(bào)周末》雜志為16-21歲的英國(guó)女性舉辦了一場(chǎng)以對(duì)話為主題的寫作比賽。）”可知，這次寫作比賽的主題是對(duì)話。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePrizes中最后一句“Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceivea1-1workshopwithaGuardianeditor．（總冠軍將獲得與《衛(wèi)報(bào)》編輯一起的1-1工作室。）”可知，總冠軍將獲得與《衛(wèi)報(bào)》編輯一起的1-1工作室。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四行“Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed．（代表他人參加的作品將不被接受，并且不允許聯(lián)合提交作品。）”可知，與他人合作的作品將沒有參賽資格。故選A。BOntheoutside,12-year-oldLunaseemslikeyouraveragekid.It'snotuntilyougettoknowherthatyoulearnthatLunaisanythingbutaverage.Bomwithaheartdefect（缺陷）calleddextrocardia,Lunahashadthreeopen-heartoperationsandcontinuestopursueherinterestsinartandfashion.ButwhenLunawasapproachedbyathleticshoecompanySauconytodesignashoeforsaleacrossthecountry,itcameasquiteasurprise.“Thisissoincredible.IgottousemyartandcreativityforsomethingnewthatI'dneverthoughtI'dbeabletodesign,“Lunasaid.SheisoneofsixpatientsfromBostonChildren'sHospital（BCH）whohavepartneredwithSauconytodesigntheirownshoetolaunchtheShoeswithSoulcampaign.“Ratherthanjustadonation,wewantedtocreateanexperienceandamomentthatwouldnotonlyraisemoney,butalsoawarenesstohighlightalltheamazingworkthat'sbeingdoneatBCH,“saysChris,Saucony'svicepresident.“Specifically,wewantedtogivesomeoftheBCHkidsanopportunitytosharetheirstoryandtheirtalentswiththeworld.”Luna'sdesignisfashion.uOnthetongue,theydigitalizedoneofmydrawings,andthenonbottomit'sareallybrightpinkcolor,andontheinside,thesoleoftheshoeisactuallyanotherdrawingIdidofasunset,“shesaid."Thinkingaboutkidseverywherearoundtheworldwearingmyshoeisamazing.Itblowsmymind.”TheincomefromtheshoesaleswillbenefittheBostonChildren'sHospitalCardiacFitnessProgram,whichencourageskidsto“findyourpossible"throughpersonalizedexerciseprogramstailoredforeachindividualpatient'sheartcondition.“Itfeelsreallygoodtohelppeopleandit'sreallysomethingIcanrelateto,“saysLuna.“TheadviceIwouldgiveakidorsomeonelikemeisnevergiveup.Therearealotofkidsouttherewithyourconditionandyou'renotalone.”4.WhatcanwelearnfromChris'words?A.It'sunwisetoraisemoney.B.It'soptionaltoseekdonations.C.It'swonderfultostudyart.D.It'snecessarytoshowkids'talents.5.WhatdoesLunameanby“Itblowsmymind"inparagraph5?A.I'moverjoyed. B.['mveryserious.C.Mymindgoesblank. D.Mymindisracing.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLuna?A.Giftedanddetermined. B.Generousandserious.C.Gratefulandhelpful. D.Creativeandsensitive.7.Whatisthetextmainlyintendedtodo?A.Tellusastoryofadisabledgirl.B.Setagoodexampletothedisabled.C.LaunchSaucony'snewbrandshoes.D.Introduceacampaignwithkidpatients.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)有著先天性心臟缺損的12歲孩子Luna沒有選擇放棄，而是與Saucony公司合作，用自己的藝術(shù)天賦和堅(jiān)持，設(shè)計(jì)出了自己的鞋子，發(fā)起“Shoeswithsoul（有靈魂的鞋子）”活動(dòng)，最終通過這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)來幫助其他患有心臟疾病的人?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Ratherthanjustadonation,wewantedtocreateanexperienceandamomentthatwouldnotonlyraisemoney,butalsoawarenesstohighlightalltheamazingworkthat'sbeingdoneatBCH”（不僅僅是捐款，我們想創(chuàng)造一種體驗(yàn)和時(shí)刻，不僅是為了籌集資金，也是為了讓人們意識(shí)到BCH正在做的所有了不起的工作）和“Specifically,wewantedtogivesomeoftheBCHkidsanopportunitytosharetheirstoryandtheirtalentswiththeworld.”（特別地，我們想給BCH的孩子們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，與世界分享他們的故事和他們的才能。）可知，展示孩子的才能是必要的。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第五段Luna的話“Thinkingaboutkidseverywherearoundtheworldwearingmyshoeisamazing.”（想到世界各地的孩子都穿著我的鞋，真是太棒了。）可找到關(guān)鍵詞amazing，表示“驚人的，了不起的”，可知，Luna覺得若是每個(gè)孩子都能穿上她設(shè)計(jì)的鞋子，是一件令她高興驚喜的事。因此推斷“Itblowsmymind”表明Luna是極為高興的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“continuestopursueherinterestsinartandfashion”（繼續(xù)追求她在藝術(shù)和時(shí)尚方面的興趣）、第三段的“Igottousemyartandcreativityforsomethingnew”（我開始用我的藝術(shù)和創(chuàng)造力去做一些新的事情）以及第四段的“sharetheirstoryandtheirtalents”（分享他們的故事和他們的天賦）可以看出Luna是有才華，有天賦的（talented/gifted），又根據(jù)文章第二段“Lunahashadthreeopen-heartoperationsandcontinuestopursueherinterestsinartandfashion.”（Luna做過三次心臟手術(shù)，并繼續(xù)追求她對(duì)藝術(shù)和時(shí)尚的興趣。）以及最后一段“TheadviceIwouldgiveakidorsomeonelikemeisnevergiveup.”（我給孩子或像我這樣的人的建議是永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄。）可以看出Luna是意志堅(jiān)定的（determined）。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。全文圍繞“Luna是如何參與到這個(gè)活動(dòng)的？”“這個(gè)活動(dòng)是什么內(nèi)容？”“活動(dòng)的目的是什么？”以及“活動(dòng)有什么重要意義？”“Luna想通過這個(gè)活動(dòng)傳遞什么？”來講述。因此推斷D項(xiàng)：Introduceacampaignwithkidpatients.（介紹一項(xiàng)針對(duì)兒童患者的活動(dòng)）是文章的目的。故選D。CFormorethanadecade,ateamofresearchershavestudiedthedynamicsoftheGreenlandIceSheetasitrespondstoawarmingclimate.Butwhilemuchoftheirfocushasbeenonwatersimpactsonicesheetchange,theirmostrecentresearchfindingshaveoverturnedtheorderoftheirthinking.Meierbachtol,HarperandtheirteamdiscoveredthatchangesintheicesheethavearealimpactonthemassivegroundwatersystemunderlyingGreenland.Thislatestdiscoveryoccurredthankstoamarriageofdrillingtechniques.Internationalcooperatorsmadeanangledhole650metersthroughbedrockunderneathaGreenlandglacier（冰川）tomeasuregroundwaterconditionsundertheice.Meanwhileresearchersdrilled32holesfromatoptheglacier,throughnearlyakilometerofice,tomeasurewaterconditionsattheareabetweeniceandbedrock,whichformsanimportantboundarycontrollinggroundwaterflowbelow.Afterdrilling,theteamfixedsensorsintheicecolumnandattheicesheetbedtomeasureicedynamicsandwaterconditionsaswaterflowsundertheice.“Bystudyingareascoveredbyice10,000yearsago,wehaveknownthatthehugemassandvastamountsofwaterfrommeltingicecanimpacttheunderlyinggroundwater,”Meierbachtolsaid.“It’sgenerallyacceptedthatthegroundwaterissleepingoverdecadestocenturiesanditsresponsetoicesheetchangeislong:thousandsofyears.Butwhatwe’veshownhereisthatitisimmediate.”ThisnewunderstandingcouldhaveimportantsubsequenteffectsonhowGreenland’sthinningimpactstheArctic.Thethinningicecouldreducetherateofgroundwaterflowtotheocean,changingthewatertemperatureandsalinity（鹽度）balancethatisimportantforoceancirculation（循環(huán)）patterns.“InthinkingaboutthecomplexfeedbacksfromGreenland’songoingchange,wehavereallyignoredthegroundwatercomponent,”Harpersaid.8.Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheresultoftherecentstudy?A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed. C.Surprised. D.Doubtful.9.WhatcontributesmosttothenewresearchabouttheGreenlandIceSheet?A.Fixingsensorsintoicesheet.B.Closeinternationalcooperation.C.Advancedrockdrillingtechnology.D.Acombinationoftwodrillingapproaches.10.Whatisamisunderstandingofthegroundwaterunderglaciers?A.Ithasaverylargevolume. B.Itisinactiveforalongtime.C.Itscomponentiscomplex. D.Itstemperatureischangeable.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WaterImpactstheGreenland’sIceSheetB.LonglastingEffectsofGlobalWarmingontheArcticC.NewlyDiscoveredGroundwaterResourcesinGreenlandD.Greenland’sGroundwaterChangeswithThinningIceSheet【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)格陵蘭島地下水系統(tǒng)受到冰蓋變化的影響?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butwhilemuchoftheirfocushasbeenonwatersimpactsonicesheetchange,theirmostrecentresearchfindingshaveoverturnedtheorderoftheirthinking.（但是，盡管他們的大部分研究重點(diǎn)是水對(duì)冰蓋變化的影響，但他們最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)推翻了他們的思維順序。）”可推斷，研究人員對(duì)最近的研究結(jié)果感到驚訝。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thislatestdiscoveryoccurredthankstoamarriageofdrillingtechniques.（這一最新發(fā)現(xiàn)得益于鉆探技術(shù)的結(jié)合。）”可知，對(duì)格陵蘭冰蓋的新研究貢獻(xiàn)最大的是兩種鉆井方法的結(jié)合。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“It’sgenerallyacceptedthatthegroundwaterissleepingoverdecadestocenturiesanditsresponsetoicesheetchangeislong:thousandsofyears.Butwhatwe’veshownhereisthatitisimmediate.”（人們普遍認(rèn)為，地下水沉睡了幾十年到幾百年，它對(duì)冰蓋變化的反應(yīng)很長(zhǎng)：幾千年。但我們?cè)谶@里展示的是，它是立竿見影的。）”可知，人們對(duì)冰川下地下水的誤解是:長(zhǎng)時(shí)間處于不活躍狀態(tài)。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Meierbachtol,HarperandtheirteamdiscoveredthatchangesintheicesheethavearealimpactonthemassivegroundwatersystemunderlyingGreenland.（Meierbachtol、Harper和他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，冰蓋的變化對(duì)格陵蘭島地下的巨大地下水系統(tǒng)有真正的影響。）”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)格陵蘭島地下的水系統(tǒng)受到冰蓋變化的影響。所以“Greenland’sGroundwaterChangeswithThinningIceSheet（格陵蘭的地下水隨著冰蓋變薄而變化）”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。DBostonwantstobesmarter.Thecityhastakenadvantageoftechnologiestobecomemoreresponsivetoitsresidents'needs.Buttechnologyaloneisnotsufficienttomaketoday'scitiesliveable.Bostonhasdiscoveredthatitalsoneedstoreachtheold-fashionedlow-techcommunityandintegratethattechnologywithcitylife.KrisCarterrolledoutBoston'ssmartcityprogramin2014.ItstartedwithanAppthatresidentscoulddownloadtoreportlocationswheresidewalksneededrepair.Thecitysortedoutthosereportsandrankedtheminadatabase,whichrepaircrewsusedtoprioritizetheirwork.Thesystemworkedbeautifully,exceptforoneproblem:mostofthealerts（警報(bào)）camefromwealthierneighborhoods,wheretheconcentrationofsmartphone-equippedresidentswashighest.＂ThecomplaintsfromtheAppdidn'talwayscorrelatewiththegreatestcommunityneedforrepairs,"explainsCarter.Carter'sgrouphasmovedawayfromthemodelcommontomanysmartcityinitiativesoflettingtech-savvy（精通技術(shù)的）residentsdrivetheprocess.Instead,theyrunmeetingstofindoutwhatproblemspeopleindifferentneighborhoodscareaboutsolving.Whenitcametosidewalks,Bostonintroducedasecondmethodofcollectingrepairtips,hiringpeopletogetoutandwalkthecity's1,700milesofsidewalkstotakenotesontheircondition.Whetherusinglow-techorhigh-techapproaches,saysCarter,tostaysmart,acityneedstocontinuallyreassessitsoptionstospotopportunitiestoimproveresidents'lives.Takethesidewalkrepairprogram,walkingonthestreetswasprovedauseful,ifinefficientwaytoprioritizerepairneeds.Butlastyearthegroupfoundthatwalkers'mobilephonescouldbetrackedastheymovedalongthestreets,andthatdatacouldbeanalyzedtoidentifysidewalkrouteswhicharemostoftenusedbyneighborhoods.“Combinedwithourothersidewalkinformation,thatgaveusanevenbetterwaytopredictwherefasterrepairswoulddothemostgood,"saysCarter,"We'rereallyalwayslookingforwhatevermixofapproachesbestsolvestheproblem."12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecitizens'life. B.Thecity'sreputation.C.Thecity'smanagement. D.Thebenefitsoftechnology.13.WhatproblemdidKrisCarter'steammeetwhencarryingouttheirprogram?A.Theyfacedmanytechnicalobstacles.B.Theycouldn'tserveallresidentswell.C.Theywerenotsupportedbyresidents.D.Theywereannoyedbybeingshort-staffed.14.WhichofthefollowingmightKrisCartermostagreewith?A.Maximizingthebenefitsoftechnology.B.Mixingapproachesforsolvingproblems.C.Givingfullplaytothepowerofresidents.D.Lettingtechcompaniesbealeadingrole.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASmartCity:MoreThanJustTechB.ACitywithIntelligentFacilitiesC.Joint-effortinCityConstructionD.TheModernizationofaCity【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A【分析】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了波士頓在利用高科技管理城的同時(shí)使用傳統(tǒng)辦法以實(shí)現(xiàn)城市有效管理，成就現(xiàn)代智慧城市。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Buttechnologyaloneisnotsufficienttomaketoday'scitieslivable.Bostonhasdiscoveredthatitalsoneedstoreachtheold-fashionedlow-techcommunityandintegratethattechnologywithcitylife.”但是，僅僅依靠技術(shù)還不足以使今天城市適合居住。波士頓發(fā)現(xiàn)，它還需要接觸到傳統(tǒng)的低智能化社區(qū)，并將這種技術(shù)與城市生活結(jié)合起來。本段主要講述了波士頓力爭(zhēng)成為智慧城市，使用高科技更充分地回應(yīng)市民的需求，同時(shí)，城市也注重加強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)低智能化社區(qū)科技與生活的融合。所以第一段主要是關(guān)于城市的管理。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段最后一句“ThecomplaintsfromtheAppdidn’talwayscorrelatewiththegreatestcommunityneedforrepairs,explainsGarter.”嘉德解釋說，來自應(yīng)用程序的投訴并不總是與最大的社區(qū)維修需求相關(guān)。根據(jù)第四段“Carter'sgrouphasmovedawayfromthemodelcommontomanysmartcityinitiativesoflettingtech-savvy（精通技術(shù)的）residentsdrivetheprocess.Instead,theyrunmeetingstofindoutwhatproblemspeopleindifferentneighborhoodscareaboutsolving”可知，卡特的團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)擺脫了許多智能城市倡議的共同模式，即讓精通技術(shù)的居民來推動(dòng)這一進(jìn)程。相反，他們召開會(huì)議，找出不同社區(qū)的人關(guān)心解決的問題。克里斯卡特的團(tuán)隊(duì)在執(zhí)行他們的計(jì)劃時(shí)遇到的問題是不能為所有市民很好地服務(wù)，故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段最后一句“We'rereallyalwayslookingforwhateverevermixofapproachesbestsolvestheproblem.”我們一直在尋找各種方法的最佳組合來解決問題可知，Carter想要尋找高科技技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)方法融合的方式來滿足城市管理的需要，故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意類。文章主要介紹了波士頓在提高城市智能程度的過程中，既充分利用高科技，又充分使用傳統(tǒng)方法，以滿足所有市民的需要，它是一座不僅僅以高科技來成就的智慧城市，所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“智能城市：不僅僅靠技術(shù)”。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Travelingiswhatmakesyourlifecomplete.Youmayoftencomplainthatthereistoomuchworkandnotimetotravel.___16___Therearehundredsofreasonswhyyoushouldtravel.Hereareonlyfourofthem:___17___Bespontaneous（自發(fā)的）andtravelwheneveryoufeellikeleavingyourdailyroutine.Itiswrongtowaitforcertaintimeoftheyearsothatyoucouldspoilyourself.Yourcompanywon’tbebankruptordisappearifyouleaveitforaweekortwo.Thereareplentyofpeoplewhocansubstituteforyouanddoyourjobwhileyouareaway.___18___Herethepointistoplanaweekahead.Ifyouworkhard,youcanplayhard.Alwaysrememberthatthequalityofyourworkwillimproveifyouhaveagoodrestandletyourselfrelaxandrechargewithenergyandpositiveemotions.Youcannotbeagoodemployeeifyouareunhappyandtense.Yourfamilysuffers,too.Whenyourmindisfreeyoucanperformat200percent.___19___Youlosebalanceandharmonyifyouexperiencetoomuchstress,performalotofdemandingroutineandconstantlytakeresponsibilities.Takecareofyourself.Makesurethatyourwell-beingdoesnotsuffer.Havearicherlifeifyouwanttobeabetterleader.Weallwanttoexcelinourprofession.Wewanttobeinchargeevenathome.Weliketobeappreciatedbythecommunity.Beingsuchapersonrequiresseveralimportantqualities.Togaintherequiredqualitiesyoumusthaveamulti-dimensionalpersonality.Themorenewactivitiesyoupractice,themorechancesyoucanhavetobecomeabetterleader.___20___A.Makingexcusesismucheasierthanacting.B.Thereisnotomorrow,sotakeabreaknow.C.Findingbalanceisn’teasy,yetitisworthtrying.D.Travelingisalsoameansofbroadeningyourhorizons.E.Youcandosomeofitinadvanceoryoucanputitonhold.F.Youareuselessasaworkerifyourbodydoesnotfeelgreat.G.Beaninstructor,inspireothersanddowhatyouwouldlikeotherstodo.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.F20.G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了去旅行的四個(gè)理由。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Travelingiswhatmakesyourlifecomplete.Youmayoftencomplainthatthereistoomuchworkandnotimetotravel.（旅行讓你的人生變得完整。你可能經(jīng)常抱怨工作太多，沒有時(shí)間去旅行）”以及后文“Therearehundredsofreasonswhyyoushouldtravel.Hereareonlyfourofthem（你應(yīng)該去旅行的理由有上百個(gè)。以下只是其中的四種）”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出應(yīng)該去旅游。故C選項(xiàng)“找到平衡并不容易，但值得一試”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Bespontaneous（自發(fā)的）andtravelwheneveryoufeellikeleavingyourdailyroutine.Itiswrongtowaitforcertaintimeoftheyearsothatyoucouldspoilyourself.（當(dāng)你想要離開你的日常生活時(shí)，隨性地去旅行。為了寵壞自己而等待一年中的某個(gè)時(shí)間是錯(cuò)誤的）”可知，本段的主旨是不要等待，現(xiàn)在就休息一下。故B選項(xiàng)“沒有明天，所以現(xiàn)在休息一下”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereareplentyofpeoplewhocansubstituteforyouanddoyourjobwhileyouareaway.（在你離開的時(shí)候，有很多人可以代替你做你的工作）”以及后文“Herethepointistoplanaweekahead.（這里的要點(diǎn)是提前一周計(jì)劃）”可知，本句是在說明如何對(duì)待沒做完的工作。故E選項(xiàng)“你可以提前做一些，也可以把它放一放”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Yourfamilysuffers,too.Whenyourmindisfreeyoucanperformat200percent.（你的家人也在受苦。當(dāng)你的思想自由時(shí)，你可以發(fā)揮200%）”以及后文“Youlosebalanceandharmonyifyouexperiencetoomuchstress,performalotofdemandingroutineandconstantlytakeresponsibilities.Takecareofyourself.Makesurethatyourwell-beingdoesnotsuffer.（如果你經(jīng)歷了太多的壓力，完成了很多要求很高的日常工作，不斷承擔(dān)責(zé)任，你就會(huì)失去平衡和和諧。照顧好自己。確保你的幸福不受影響）”可知，上文提到了思想自由可以超常發(fā)揮，可知本句是在假設(shè)感覺不好的情況。故F選項(xiàng)“如果你的身體感覺不好，作為一個(gè)工人你是無(wú)用的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Weallwanttoexcelinourprofession.Wewanttobeinchargeevenathome.Weliketobeappreciatedbythecommunity.Beingsuchapersonrequiresseveralimportantqualities.Togaintherequiredqualitiesyoumusthaveamulti-dimensionalpersonality.Themorenewactivitiesyoupractice,themorechancesyoucanhavetobecomeabetterleader.（我們都想在自己的職業(yè)中出類拔萃。我們甚至想在家里掌權(quán)。我們希望得到社區(qū)的贊賞。成為這樣的人需要幾個(gè)重要的品質(zhì)。要獲得所需的品質(zhì)，你必須有一個(gè)多維的個(gè)性。你練習(xí)的新活動(dòng)越多，你就有更多機(jī)會(huì)成為一個(gè)更好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者）”可知，上文提到成為一個(gè)更好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文說明其作用。故G選項(xiàng)“做一個(gè)指導(dǎo)員，激勵(lì)別人，做你希望別人做的事”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第二部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasdrivingonthefreewaywhenIsawthesign.It___21___driversthatchainswouldberequiredtocrossthemountain.Ittookmequitesometimetogetthechainson.WhenIgottoaspotwhereitwasnolongersnowing,ItookthechainsoffsoIcoulddriveata（n）___22___speed.Suddenly,I___23___anothersnowy,icypatchofroad.Mycarspunoutintoasnowdrift.Ithoughtof___24___sometreebranchesandplacingthemundermytires,butitwassocoldoutsidethatmyhandsweren’tworking___25___IgotinsidethecarandcalledAmericanAutomobileAssociation（AAA）.ARussianmancameuptomywindowandsaidhello.BeforeIcouldsaytoomuch,heandhisthreesonswerealready___26___topushmycar.Igotoutofmycarand___27___them.ItwaspastmidnightandtheyeasilycouldhavedecidedthatAAAwould___28___thesituationafterourinitial___29___failed.Yet,theystayedwithmefornearly45minutesaswekepttrying___30___thingstogetthecaroutofthesnow,insistentthattheywouldn’tleaveuntilIwas___31___.Atfirst,Iwasalittle___32___aboutbeingstuckinthefreezingweatheratsuchalatehour,buttheircheerfulattitudechangedthewhole___33___ofthesituationandliftedmyspirits.Afternearlyonehourofhardworkwhenmycarwasfinallyfree,theydidn’teven___34___aroundlongenoughformetogettheirnames.Theyjustrantowardtheirtruck,___35___abitontheice,andyelledback“Driveslowly”,liketruesmileheroes!21.A.warned B.encouraged C.promised D.taught22.A.slow B.average C.normal D.top23.A.missedout B.cameupon C.lookedfor D.pulledoff24.A.hanging B.burning C.destroying D.breaking25.A.properly B.casually C.creatively D.comfortably26.A.proposing B.continuing C.starting D.claiming27.A.urged B.joined C.stopped D.left28.A.handle B.improve C.revise D.clarify29.A.preparations B.appeals C.impressions D.attempts30.A.typical B.unique C.different D.difficult31.A.approached B.forgiven C.protected D.freed32.A.concerned B.cautious C.awkward D.confused33.A.analysis B.dynamic C.definition D.truth34.A.play B.walk C.stick D.glance35.A.moved B.recovered C.dashed D.slid【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.A29.D30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者獨(dú)自一人在高速公路上開車時(shí)汽車打滑倒在雪堆里，得到一個(gè)俄羅斯人和他的三個(gè)兒子幫助的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它警告司機(jī)，在翻越這座山時(shí)需要用鐵鏈。A.warned警告；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.promised承諾；D.taught教。根據(jù)上文“IwasdrivingonthefreewaywhenIsawthesign.”可知，此處表示那個(gè)標(biāo)志警告司機(jī)在翻越這座山時(shí)需要用鐵鏈。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)一個(gè)不再下雪的地方，我取下了鎖鏈，這樣我就可以以正常的速度開車了。A.slow緩慢的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.top最高的。根據(jù)“Itookthechainsoff”可知，作者取下鎖鏈?zhǔn)菫榱艘哉Ｋ俣乳_車。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：突然，我來到了另一條積雪、結(jié)冰的道路上。A.missedout錯(cuò)過；B.cameupon碰到，遇見；C.lookedfor尋找；D.pulledoff（在路邊）停車。根據(jù)“anothersnowy,icypatchofroad”可知，此處表示作者突然遇到了另一條積雪、結(jié)冰的道路。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想折斷一些樹枝，把它們放在輪胎下面，但外面太冷了，我的手不能正常工作。A.hanging懸掛；B.burning燃燒；C.destroying破壞；D.breaking打破，折斷。根據(jù)“Mycarspunoutintoasnowdrift”和“placingthemundermytires”可知，作者想要折斷一些樹枝。故選D。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.properly合適地；B.casually隨意地；C.creatively創(chuàng)造性地；D.comfortably舒服地。根據(jù)“butitwassocoldoutside”可知，因?yàn)橥饷嫣淞?，作者的手不能正常工作。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我還沒來得及說太多，他和他的三個(gè)兒子已經(jīng)開始推我的車了。A.proposing建議，提議；B.continuing繼續(xù)；C.starting開始；D.claiming聲稱，宣稱。根據(jù)“topushmycar”可知，此處表示那個(gè)俄羅斯人和他的三個(gè)兒子已經(jīng)開始推作者的車了。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我下車加入了他們。A.urged催促；B.joined參加；C.stopped停止；D.left離開。根據(jù)“Yet,theystayedwithusfornearly45minutesaswekepttrying___10___thingstogetthecaroutofthesnow”可知，作者下車加入了他們。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)過了午夜，他們本可以輕易地決定，在我們最初的嘗試失敗后，AAA會(huì)處理這種情況。A.handle處理；B.improve提高，改善；C.revise修改，復(fù)習(xí)；D.clarify澄清，闡明。根據(jù)“IgotinsidethecarandcalledAmericanAutomobileAssociation（AAA）.”可知，作者認(rèn)為AAA會(huì)處理這種情況。故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.preparations準(zhǔn)備；B.appeals吸引力；C.impressions印象；D.attempts嘗試。根據(jù)“Yet,theystayedwithusfornearly45minutesaswekepttrying___10___things”可知，此處表示最初的嘗試失敗了。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他們和我們?cè)谝黄鸫藢⒔?5分鐘，因?yàn)槲覀儾粩鄧L試各種方法把車從雪中弄出來，并堅(jiān)持說除非我脫離束縛，否則他們不會(huì)離開。A.typical典型的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.different不同的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)“togetthecaroutofthesnow”可知，在作者他們最初的嘗試失敗后，AAA會(huì)處理這種情況，而他們卻選擇了不同的處理方法。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.approached靠近；B.forgiven原諒；C.protected保護(hù)；D.freed釋放，使解除。根據(jù)“insistentthattheywouldn’tleave”可知，他們并堅(jiān)持說除非作者脫離束縛，否則他們不會(huì)離開。故選D。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心在這么晚的時(shí)候被困在寒冷的天氣中，但他們開朗的態(tài)度改變了整個(gè)局勢(shì)的動(dòng)態(tài)，讓我振奮起來。。A.concerned擔(dān)心的；B.cautious小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的；C.awkward糟糕的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)“aboutbeingstuckinthefreezingweatheratsuchalatehour”可知，此處表示作者有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心這么晚還被困在這么冷的天氣里。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.analysis分析；B.dynamic動(dòng)力；C.definition定義；D.truth真相。根據(jù)“buttheircheerfulattitudechanged”可知，但他們的樂觀態(tài)度改變了整個(gè)局勢(shì)的動(dòng)態(tài)。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過近45分鐘的辛苦工作，我的車終于擺脫束縛了，他們甚至都沒待多久讓我知道他們的名字。A.play玩；B.walk散步；C.stick堅(jiān)持；D.glance瞥一眼。根據(jù)“aroundlongenoughformetogettheirnames.”可知，他們甚至都沒待多久讓作者知道他們的名字。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們只是跑向自己的卡車，在冰上滑了一下，然后喊道:“開慢點(diǎn)”，像真正微笑的英雄！A.moved移動(dòng)；B.recovered恢復(fù)；C.dashed猛沖；D.slid滑動(dòng)。根據(jù)“abitontheice”可知，此處表示，他們自己的卡車在冰上滑了一下。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGoddessoftheLuoRivercomesaliveinavideo,whichwassharedbyHenanTVStationonsocialmediaplatformSinaWeibo.Theancienttaleofromanceisgiven___36___newsettingandstillprovidesattractiveviewingforamodernaudience.Thetaleispresentedinwhatseemslikeslowmotion.Not___37___（surprise）,itbecamepopularandhasbeenviewedmorethan20milliontimes.ThestoryoftheGoddessoftheLuoRiverhasbeentheinspirationforcountlesscontemporaryartists,___38___havedescribedthegoddessofunmatchedbeautythroughvariousart___39___（form）,likemoviesanddancedramas.Butthereasonwhythevideo,whichrunsforaroundtwominutesand___40___（title）RhapsodyontheLuoRiverGoddess,createdsuchanimpressionandhasgeneratedsuchawave___41___publicityisthatitwasshotunderwater.HeHaohaoplaystheroleofgoddess.Shemastersnotonlyherartbutthetechniqueofholdingherbreathasherlungsstruggle___42___（carry）outtheirfunction.Allthisisdonewiththe___43___（peaceful）facialexpression.It’snotthefirsttimethatHenanTVStation___44___（gain）attentionwithitsappealingvideoshighlightingtraditionalChineseculture.OnFeb.13th,2021,adancepiece,titledATangDynastyBanquet,whichislessthansixminuteslong,wasstagedduringagala____45____（air）onHenanTVStationtomarkSpringFestival.【答案】36.a37.surprisingly38.who39.forms40.istitled41.of42.tocarry43.mostpeaceful44.hasgained45.aired【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講是河南電視臺(tái)在社交媒體平臺(tái)新浪微博上分享了一段視頻，視頻中的洛河女神栩栩如生?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這個(gè)古老的浪漫故事被賦予了一個(gè)新的背景，仍然為現(xiàn)代觀眾提供了有吸引力的觀看。setting意為“背景”，是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意此處表泛指，因此前面用不定冠詞，new是輔音音素開頭，故填a?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：不出所料，它變得流行起來，被觀看了超過2000萬(wàn)次?？崭裉幱酶痹~修飾整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，notsurprisingly意為“不出所料地”，故填surprisingly?！?8題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：洛河女神的故事啟發(fā)了無(wú)數(shù)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家，他們通過等各種藝術(shù)形式描繪了這位無(wú)與倫比的美麗女神，諸如電影和舞劇。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾artists，指人，從句中作主語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用who，故填who?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：洛河女神的故事啟發(fā)了無(wú)數(shù)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家，他們通過電影和舞劇等各種藝術(shù)形式描繪了這位無(wú)與倫比的美麗女神。form“形式”，可數(shù)名詞，由various修飾用復(fù)數(shù)，故填forms?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：但這段時(shí)長(zhǎng)約兩分鐘、名為《洛河女神狂想曲》的視頻之所以能給人留下如此深刻的印象，并引發(fā)如此大的宣傳熱潮的原因是在水下拍攝的。分析句子可知，which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，which指代thevideo，從句中作主語(yǔ)，and連接并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，title是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由上文的runs和全文主時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，title與video是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，which指代thevideo，是單數(shù)，故填istitled?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但這段時(shí)長(zhǎng)約兩分鐘、名為《洛河女神狂想曲》的視頻之所以能給人留下如此深刻的印象，并引發(fā)如此大的宣傳熱潮的原因是在水下拍攝的。awaveofpublicity“宣傳浪潮”，根據(jù)句意，故填of?！?2題詳解】考查不定式。句意：她不僅掌握了她的藝術(shù)，而且掌握了在她的肺努力發(fā)揮其功能時(shí)屏住呼吸的技巧。struggletodosth.“努力做某事”，不定式作賓語(yǔ)，故填tocarry。43題詳解】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：這一切都是用最平靜的表情完成的。修飾名詞expression用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，用形容詞最高級(jí)形式，符合語(yǔ)境，故填mostpeaceful?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這并不是河南電視臺(tái)第一次因其突出中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的吸引人的視頻而受到關(guān)注。分析可知，此處考查固定句型：Itisthefirsttimethat+句子，表示“第一次做某事”，從句時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)He