高二英語閱讀理解試題及詳解

高二英語閱讀理解試題及詳解-新聞類（1）2011-07-21來源：歡樂學習

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|T摘要：(1)LONDON—BritainawokeonEasterMondaytoaperiodofmourningfortheQueenMother,whodiedovertheweekendafteralifespanningacenturyofnoisyandevidentchange.(1)

LONDON—BritainawokeonEasterMondaytoaperiodofmourningfortheQueenMother,whodiedovertheweekendafteralifespanningacenturyofnoisyandevidentchange.The101-year-oldroyalmatriarchdiedinhersleeplastSaturdaywithQueenElizabeth,herelderandonlysurvivingdaughter,atherbedside.Forawomanwhowasoneofthebest-knownfiguresinBritainformorethan80years—fromtheeraoftintedportraitsontinbiscuitboxesandcigarettecardstotheageoftheInternet,theQueenMotherremainedanenigmatic(不行思議的)andelusive(躲避的)figure.

Sheachievedsucharespectthroughaeons(永世,億萬年)of,first,fawningand,later,intrusivemediafascination,byremainingalmostentirelysilent.Herprivatethoughtswereneverparaded(炫耀)inpublic.Whatthepublicsawwasacharmingandbenignelderlylady,adeptatwinningtheadmirationofpressphotographers,whomshealwaysfavouredwithaparticularsmile.

CHINA’sthirdunmannedspacecraft,ShenzhouⅢ,landedsafelyincentralInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionMondayafternoon,afterorbitingtheearth108timesinslightlylessthanaweek.Thecraft,whichliftedofffromJiuquaninGansuProvincelastMondaynight,landedaftersuccessfullyconductingachainofflightandscientificexperimentsoveraperiodof162hours.

ApowerfulearthquakejoltedTaiwan,killingfiveconstructionworkers,authorities(官方)said.Over200injurieswarereportedacrosstheisland,mostlyminor,asaresultofSunday’s7.5-magnitudequake.ThequakewascentredoffHualien,180kilometreseastofTaipei.Itstruckat2:53pmandlastedfornearlyaminute.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothenews?

A.TheQueenMotherdiedonEasterMondayalone.

B.TheQueenMotherwasanattractivepersoninherpoliticallife.

C.TheBritishpeoplefeltsorryforthedeathoftheQueenMother.

D.TheQueenMotherwassufferingalotwhenshewasdying.

2.Itcanbeinferredthat_______.

A.thecraftlandedincentralInnerMongoliaunexpectedly

B.ittookthecraftatleast2hourstoorbittheearthonce

C.theChinesescientistsdidalotofexperimentsinspace

D.Chinawassuccessfulinsendinganunmannedspacecraftintospace

3.Thethirdnewsmainlytalksaboutthe_______inTaiwan.

A.politicalmattersB.socialproblems

C.unexpecteddamageD.constructionworkers

【答案解析】

這是3篇新聞報道。第1篇是關于英國皇太后死亡的消息；第2篇是關于中國放射神舟三號無人飛船的消息；第3篇是關于臺灣發(fā)生7.5級劇烈地震的消息。

1.C。推斷題?；侍笏赖臅r候有其女兒伊利莎白皇后在身邊，解除A項；皇太后沒有從政，解除B項；皇太后是在睡覺的時候死去的，D項也解除。所以答案選C。

2.D。推斷題。從第3段的幾個關鍵詞safely…successful可知A項錯誤；B項內容在文中沒有提及，可解除；而神舟三號為無人飛船，故不會有科學家在太空中做試驗，可解除C；既然神舟三號無人飛船已平安著陸，那確定是已勝利放射了。

3.C。主旨題。既然臺灣發(fā)生了地震，那當然是沒有預料到的災難。A、B、D三項內容離題太遠。

(2)

June26,2000—theHumanGenome(基因組)Project,agreat$3billion,15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegenetic(遺傳的)mapofhumans,isnowmorethan90percentcompleted.Thescientificandmedicalcommunities(團體)areveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging(延長)humanlife.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicy(政策)makersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.

Forthelastfewyears,thegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnology(生物技術)haveprovidesmaterialforallkindsofwork,butthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcode(密碼)haveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.

WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecoding(解碼)humanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfatal(致命的)diseases.Already,theHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenes(基因)connectedwithterriblediseasesasyet(迄今),andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.

Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections(傳染),andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.

1.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?

A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.

B.Becausethehumangenome'scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.

C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.

D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.

2.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?

A.Japan.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.China.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Ifthegenescanbefound,scientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.

B.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingthegeneswiththecancers.

C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.

D.TheUnitedStatesbegantheGenesStudyearlyinthe19thcentury.

4.TheauthorsuggeststhattheHumanGenomeProjectcancause_______.

A.thepolicymakerstofeelveryworriedandcareful

B.thescientiststoworkharder

C.manypeopletofindworkeasily

D.alotofcompaniestoproducemanynewdrugs

5.Themainideaofthisarticleisabout_______.

A.unlockinggeneticcode

B.thegenes'discovery

C.thegreathumangenome

D.thegenesandthescientists

【答案解析】

繪制人類基因組圖，這將意味著人類殲滅癌癥、艾滋病的危害，延長人類壽命將成為現實。

1.B。語義理解題。從文章最終一段第1句話Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections(傳染),andgeneticdiseases可以看出科學家們完成人類基因組圖的目的。

2.C。細微環(huán)節(jié)題。因為…theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,所以答案選C。

3.D。推斷題。美國是在1990年，即20世紀末起先繪制人類基因組圖的，所以選項D不對。

4.B。推斷題。從文章內容可知，人類基因組圖的完成將有助于科學家們攻克一系列難關。所以，他們在更努力地探究。

5.A。主旨題。綜合文章內容，不難概括出本文主旨：解讀基因密碼。

(3)

ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeupintheskiesoverTexasonSaturday,February1,2003,killingthesevenastronautsonboardinwhatNASAandPresidentBushcalledatragedyfortheentirenation.NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts'remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.Thebreak-up,16minutesbeforetheshuttlewasduetolandatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,spreadpossiblytoxicdebris(有毒的殘骸)overawideswathofTexasandneighboringstates.

Dramatictelevisionimagesoftheshuttle'sdescentclearlyshowedseveralwhitetrails(痕跡)streakingthroughblueskiesaftertheshuttlesuddenlyfellapart.Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.

Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertake-off.

Rescueteamsscrambledtosearchfortheremainsofthecrew,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpilotCol.IlanRamon.Therewerewarningsthatpartsofavast120-mile-longcorridorofdebriscouldbetoxicbecauseofpoisonousrocketpropellant(推動器).

"Wearenotreadytoconfirmthatwehavefoundanyhumanremains,"NacogdochesCountySheriffThomasKerrssaid.Headdedthatamongtheroughly1,000callsreportingdebris,somepeoplesaidtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers.

"TheColumbiaislost.Therearenosurvivors,…Theirmissionwasalmostcompleteandwelostthemsoclosetohome.…America'sspaceprogramwillgoon,"saidagrim-facedBushinamessagebroadcastontelevision,whichincludedcondolencestothefamiliesofthedeadastronauts.

1.Theword“descent”inthepassagemeans________.

A.takingoffB.landingC.orbitingD.walkingdown

2.WhichistrueoftheIsraeliastronautIlanRamon?

A.HewasthefirstIsraeliastronauttoflyontheshuttle.

B.HewasthefirstforeignastronauttoflyontheAmericanshuttle.

C.Heusedtobeapassengerplanepilot.

D.HewastheonlysurvivorintheColumbiadisaster.

3.TheColumbiadisasterandtheChallengerdisasterweresimilarinthat_______