新編大學(xué)英語第四冊(cè)教案

2014至2015學(xué)年第二學(xué)期新編大學(xué)英語第二版第四冊(cè) 教案課程編號(hào)：大學(xué)英語IV學(xué)時(shí)：68學(xué)時(shí)授課教師：孫瓊英UnitOneLeisureActivitiesTopic:EntertainingHumor—What’sFunny?TeachingObjectives:TheteachingofthisunitaimstoEnableSstomasterthetargetwordsandexpressionsespeciallythoseaboutleisureactivities.Improvethestudents’abilitiesofcommunicationandmakingcommentsrelatingtothethemeoftheunit.Requirements:Someimportantnewwordsandphrasesshouldbemastered;DotheexerciseinthetextbookTeachingContent:Universalhumorlesssensetriggerfocusmutualtemptpresenttechniquevaluevariationclarificationpersistflashsbasmileoutofthereachofappealtoblamesbforsthlaughatunderone’snosealaboroflovemakefunoflieinnoless+adj.haveanoteofthinktwomuchof1.Wordsandphrases2.languagestructure:Howcome,WhatisitthatImportantandDifficultPoints：1.Mastering“it”usedasformalsubjectinthelongsentences;2.Understandingthegrammarofemphaticclause.MethodsofTeaching：Task-basedapproachandcommunicativeoneMulti-mediateachingequipmentGroupdiscussionLiveperformanceReference：NewCollegeEnglishBook(theThirdEdition),NewCollegeEnglishBookView,ListenandSpeak.TeachingproceduresPartOnePreparationA.IntroductionTherearesomepeopleinsocietywhoeitherhavetoorwanttoworkallthetime.Mostpeople,however,seekwaystosocialize,torelaxortohavefunduringtheirleisurehours.Obviouslypeople’stastesvarydependingontheirincomeandtheirage.Butinrecentyears,thehomeentertainmentindustryhasgrownallovertheworld.Insteadofgoingouttoseeamovieortakingawalkinapark,peopleofallagesprefertoturnonthetelevisionandstayathome.Moreandmorefamilieshavetaperecorders,CDplayers,VCRsandVCDstoaddtothevarietyofleisureactivities,surfingontheInternetorplayingcomputergames.

Despitetheriseinhomeentertainment,therearestillmanypeoplewhoenjoyspendingsomeoftheirleisuretimeattendingsportseventsorparticipatingincompetitivesportsorotherphysicalactivitiessuchasdancingandtaiji(shadowboxing).Exercisenotonlycontributestogoodhealthbutalsotakesthemindawayfromworriesandtroubles.

Concerts,playsandotherperformancesconstituteanothersourceofentertainmentoutsidethehome.Whilesomepeopleprefertobeentertained,othersprefertobetheentertainers.Theyderivegreatsatisfactioningivingotherspleasurebymakingthemlaughorbyenablingthemtolosethemselvesintheimaginaryworldofaplayortherelaxingsoundsofmusic.B.TasksTask1:Directions:

1.Makealistofthethingsyoudoforfuninyourleisuretime;

playingtennis/tabletennis/football/basketball/cards/computergames/musicalinstruments;Goingswimming/skating;goingtomovies;watchingVCDs;dancing;collectingstamps/coins;goingtothepub;traveling;listeningtomusic;readingnovels;watchingasportsmatch,goingtoaconcert;goingtotheatersandmuseums;goingshopping..

2.Makealistofthethingsyourparentsdoforfunintheirleisuretime;

watchingTV,goingshopping,traveling,bowling,dancing,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,playingmahjong,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoaconcert…

Makealistofthethingsyourgrandparentsdoforfunintheirleisuretime:

WatchingTV,bird-raising,growingplantsandflowers,drinkingteaintheteahouse,traveling,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,playingmahjong,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoconcert…Task2:Directions:Fromtheactivitiesabove,choose

1)themostactiveactivities:

sportsactivities,dancing2)mostpassiveactivities:WatchingTV,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,goingtothepub,playingcardsandmahjong,drinkingtea;ThendecideonthethreemostpopularactivitiesinChinairrespectiveof(不考慮〕age(inmyopinion)A.playingtabletennisB.playingcards/mahjongC.watchingTVWhyiscross-talkpopularinChina?Cross-talkisverypopularinChina.Youcanlistentoiteverywhere,ontheradio,onTV,etc.Ithinkitspopularitymainlyliesinitshumorouslanguage,theperformancers’quickwitsandtheirfunnygesture.Anotherreasonisthatthesubjectofcross-talkisclosetoreallifesothatitresonateswith〔與…共鳴)theaudience.Ituseseitherbitterironyorfunnyteasingtoamusingpeople.Themostimportantthingthatcross-talkcanmakeonelaughandthinkatthesametime.Talkaboutyourfavoritefilmandexplainwhyyoulikeitsomuch.MyfavoritefilmisGonewiththeWind.ThefamousactressandactorVivianLeighandClarkGableactedasScarletandRhettButler.Bothofthemactedverywell.Thestorywasverytouching.IthappenedduringtheAmericanCivilWar.Itwasaboutloveandwar.IwasdeeplytouchedbyStarlet’sloveforAshleyandRhett’sloveforScarlet.InbothcasesthelovewasunrequitedandInbothcasesthelovewasunrequited(無報(bào)答的)andhopeless.Thiswas,themostattractivepart,becauseitwastragic.WhenIwatchedthemovieIhopedthatScarletcouldrealizehowdeeplyRhettlovedandrepayhislove.Icriedwhenattheendofthemovietheirdaughter,Bonnie,diedandRhettleftScarleteventhoughScarlethadrealizedhowshehadlovedhimwithoutknowingitallthetime.Themosttragicthingisthatnoonecanreallyunderstandwhatloveis.ScarletlovedRhett,butshedidn’tknowthat.ShethoughtshestilllovedAshley,sodidRhett.Ashleystoodinthewayoftheirmarriage,likeashadowthatcouldn’tbewavedaway.IalsoadmireScarlet.Ithinksheisabrave,independent,courageous,andintelligentwoman,thoughsheisselfishandwillful(固執(zhí)的，任性的).C.Warming-UpQuestions(in-classreading)Workingroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Howdidthestudentsrespondwhentheauthortoldajokeinaclass?SampleSeveralstudentsenjoyedhisjokesomuchthattheyfelloutoftheirchairslaughing,buttherestofthestudentsshowednointerestsandtheylookedasifhe’djustreadtheweatherreport.2.Doanimalshaveasenseofhumor?Canyougiveanexample?Sample:Yes.Someanimalshaveasenseofhumorjustashumanbeingsdo.Forexample,theauthor’sdog,Blitzen,usedtoteasetheauthor’smother-in-lawbyselectivelycarryingoneofherbedroomslippersintothelivingroomwhereGrandmasatinherfavorite,comfortablechair.WhenGrandmagotupfromthechairtogettheslipperfromBlitzen,Blitzenwouldquicklyjumpintothechair,occupyinggrandma’sseat.Thenhesmiledather,whichseemedtomeanthathehadfooledGrandmaagain.3.Whatarethecommontypesofhumormentionedinthetext?Whichtypesdoyoulikebetter?Sample:Themostcommontypesofhumormentionedinthetextare:slap-stick,aplayonwords,punsanddouble-entendres.OfalltheseIpersonallyprefer“slap-stick”,forthelanguageissimpleanddirect.Itoftenmakesfunofanotherpersonandappealstoallagesandcultures.D.HomeworkRememberthenewwordsandphrasesPartTwoIn-classReadingA.TextStructure1.Introduction(Para.1-3)Humorisuniversal,butpeople’ssenseofhumorvaries.2.Evenanimalshaveasenseofhumor.Theauthor’sdog.(Para.4)3.Thetypicalthreepartsofajoke:1)setup,2)body,3)punchline.(Para.5)4.Differentformsofhumor:1)slap-stick,2)Chinese“cross-talk”,3)aplayonwords,4)punsanddoubleentendres.(Para.6-12)5.Conclusion(Para.13)Humorwillpersisteventhoughsomeprofessionalhumoriststhinktoday’shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticated.B.SentenceStudy1.But,whatisitthatmakesastoryorajokefunny?(Line2)譯文：那么，到底是什么東西使一個(gè)故事或笑話讓人感到滑稽可笑呢？WhyisitthatseveralstudentsinaclasswillfalloutoftheirchairslaughingafterItellajokewhiletherestofthestudentslookasifI’vejustreadtheweatherreport?(Line10)譯文：為什么聽我講完一個(gè)笑話后，班上有些學(xué)生會(huì)笑得前仰后合，而其他學(xué)生看上去就像剛聽我讀了天氣預(yù)報(bào)一樣呢？語法訓(xùn)練：這兩句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問句，第一句用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的主語。第二句用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的原因語強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特點(diǎn)即把itisthat去掉，意思仍然是完整的，即whatmakesastoryorajokefunny?WhyseveralstudentsinaclasswillfalloutoftheirchairslaughingafterItellajokewhiletherestofthestudentslookasifI’vejustreadtheweatherreport?ExampleWhyisitthateverytimeIhaveahotdate,Ibreakoutwithabigzitonmyface?為什么每次我有重要約會(huì)時(shí)，臉上都會(huì)冒出一個(gè)很大的青春痘呢？Hmm,whatisitthatinterestsyoumostaboutthejob?嗯……這個(gè)工作最讓你感興趣的方面是什么呢？How

long

ago

is

it

that

you

last

saw

her？你上一次看見她是多久以前的事?Itisreasonabletosaythatthetrulyhumorousindividualisnotonlywellliked,butisoftenthefocusofattentioninanygathering.一個(gè)真正有幽默感的人不僅受人喜愛，而且在任何聚會(huì)上也往往是人們注意的焦點(diǎn)。這么說是有道理的。語法訓(xùn)練：Itisreasonablethat…引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)主語從句，真正主語是that后面的從句。ExampleItisbelievedthatthenewiPhonewillbereleasedsoon.Itisexpectedthatkeyboardandmousewilldisappearsoonbecauseofthepopularityoftouchscreen.3.Itappealstoallagesandallcultures.譯文：它為不同年齡、不同文化背景的人們所喜愛。難句分析：此句it是形式主語。overdoingitisdetrimentalorharmful是真正的主語。while引導(dǎo)的句子作后一句子的讓步狀語從句。注釋：appealtosb.這里意為“對(duì)······有吸引力”。它還有“呼吁、懇求”、“上訴”的意思。ExampleTheleaderappealedtopeopleforcalm.呼吁Thecompanyisappealingagainsttheruling.上訴、申訴Thedesignapplestoallages.吸引4.Thehumorliesinthefactthatthesecondmanissayingthathiswifeisnotalady.譯文：這個(gè)笑話的幽默之處在于第二位男士說他的妻子不是一位貴婦，也就是說她不是一個(gè)高雅的女人。注釋：Liein意為“在于”。句中thesecondmanissayingthathiswifeisnotalady是同位語從句。Thejokeisnolessfunny,becauseitissooftenused.譯文：這個(gè)笑話并沒有因?yàn)榻?jīng)常講而變得不那么好笑。注釋：noless(than):意為quiteas…as和······一樣，不少于，不亞于。ExampleHeisnolesshumorousthanheusedtobe.Ananimal,evenasmallinsect,isnolesssensibletopainthanman.“Howcomeyoucompletelycopiedsomebodyelseshomework?”譯文：你為什么完全抄襲別人的作業(yè)？注釋：Howcome:Howdidithappen(that)為非正式用語，用于詢問“為什么，是怎么回事”，并表示驚訝。Howcomenobodycaresaboutwherehehasgone?HowcometherearefewbicyclesinQingdao?Ifyoureallyloveme,howcomeyouhurtmefromtimetotime?C.WordsandPhrases1.universaladj.1)relatingtoeveryoneintheworldoreveryoneinaparticulargrouporsociety普遍的,全體的Thegovernmentisexpectedtoadoptfreeuniversalhealth-care.trueorsuitableineverysituation通用的；萬能的Auniversaltruth普遍的真理Auniversalmeter通用電表2.alaboroflove:taskdonefornoreward,justone’sownsatisfaction不計(jì)報(bào)酬的工作，自己樂意干的事e.g.Idon’tmindarrangingtheflowersforthechurcheverySunday,it’salaboroflove.Iliketohelpyoungpeopleandpaintingtheirclubhousewasalaboroflove.Lovebirds:young)lovers〔年輕的〕戀人toflashsbasmile給以笑臉toflashsbameaninglook給某人使一個(gè)眼色Sheflashedhimadespairingglance投以使人失望的目光Sheflashedasuddensmileathim.Motherflashedareassuringsmileatthechild.aflashinthepan曇花一現(xiàn)的人物一時(shí)成功的人inaflash:soon,suddenly,veryquickly一瞬間，突然間quickasaflash(ofacleverremark)atonce一下子4.bureau n. 1)〔上有移動(dòng)覆蓋的〕大書桌，寫字臺(tái)2)〔政府機(jī)構(gòu)的〕局，部，處e.g.a)atravelbureau旅游局 b)censusbureau人口普查局／調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)局c)thebureauofpersonnel人事局5.stringn一串東西：astringofpearls一串珍珠6.mutuala.1)共同的：mutualefforts共同的努力 e.g.amutualfriendofours我們共同的朋友2)互相的；彼此的：e.g.togivemutualsupportandinspiration相互支持并鼓舞.7rangefromrangefrom/between〔在一定范圍內(nèi)〕變動(dòng)，變化：e.g.a)Theincreaserangedfromseveraltoseveraldozentimes. 增長(zhǎng)幾倍至幾十倍不等。b)Pricesrangebetween$50and$250.價(jià)格在50美元至250美元之間不等。ublicSecurityBureau公安局bureaucracy官員；〔公司的〕管理人員；官僚政治；官僚機(jī)構(gòu)8.irritatev.1)激怒 e.g.Thenoiseofthechildrenwasirritatingme.孩子們的吵鬧使我惱火。2)刺激 e.g.a)Thesmokeirritatedmyeyes.煙熏得我的眼睛怪難受的。b)Woolirritatesmyskin. 羊毛刺激我的皮膚。3)使疼痛e.g.Insectbitesirritateyourskin.蟲子叮疼了你的皮膚。9..noten.Somesetphraseswith"note":1)makeanoteofsomething:writesomethingdownsothatyoucanlookatitlater〔記錄下〕e.g.Imadeanoteofheraddressandphonenumber.2)take/makenotes:writenotes〔記筆記〕e.g.Shesatquietlyinthecornermakingcarefulnotes.3)takenote:paycarefulattentiontosomething〔注意〕eg.Peoplewerebeginningtotakenoteofhertalent.10.variationn.achangeindegree,amount,orquantity變更,變化,變異,變種e.g.Wemustkeepaclosewatchatthevariationsinspeed.我們必須密切注意速度的變化。TheAustralianEnglishisactuallyoneofthevariationsoftheBritishEnglish.澳大利亞英語實(shí)際上是英國(guó)英語的一個(gè)變種。variety(n.)differenceinquantity,type,orcharacter多樣化，指一類當(dāng)中的多樣或多種〔常用結(jié)構(gòu)avarietyof=various各種各樣的；種種〕e.g.Weshouldtrytogivevarietytoourperformance. 我們應(yīng)該盡量使我們的表演變得豐富多彩。Avarietyofdiamondproductscanbeseenattheexhibition.在那個(gè)展覽會(huì)上可以看到各種各樣的鉆石制品。11.clarificationn.addedinformationtomakesomethingeasiertounderstand澄清；說明E.g.Theyaskedforfurtherclarificationofthestatementsofthecompany.他們要求得到關(guān)于公司聲明的進(jìn)一步的解釋。Thatnewspaperprintedclarificationsoftheincorrectstatementsabouttheeffectofthatmedicineonitsfrontpage.那家報(bào)紙?jiān)谄漕^版澄清了對(duì)于那種藥效的錯(cuò)誤的聲明。clarifyv.makesomethingeasiertounderstandbyexplainingitmorefully澄清；說明；使……明白E.g.Itisthepolicemen’sresponsibilitytoclarifymatters.澄清真相是警察的責(zé)任。Youaresupposedtoclarifyyourstandatthemeeting.你必須在會(huì)上說明自己的立場(chǎng)。12.blamev.Somesetphraseswith"blame":1)blamesomebodyforsomething:〔責(zé)備〕e.g.It'snotfairtoblameme—it'snotmyfaultthatwelost.2)betoblame: 〔是某人的過錯(cuò)〕 e.g.Youarenottoblameforwhathappened.事情的發(fā)生不是你的過錯(cuò)。3)onlyhaveoneselftoblame:usedtosaythatsomeone'sproblemsarehisownfault咎由自取e.g.Ifhefailshisexams,he'llonlyhavehimselftoblame.13.persistvi.(in)堅(jiān)持不懈，執(zhí)意1)持續(xù)；存留e.g.Onthetopofveryhighmountainssnowpersiststhroughoutthe.year 高山頂上積雪終年不化。2)(in)堅(jiān)持(不懈)，執(zhí)意[注意]persist和insist都有“堅(jiān)持”的意思，persist與in連用，表示“堅(jiān)持從事某行動(dòng)”，可以表示不顧挫折困難地堅(jiān)持，也被用來表示不聽開導(dǎo)或勸告而頑固地堅(jiān)持已見，如：topersistindoingthingsinone’sownway；insist與on連用，有“堅(jiān)持某個(gè)意見”、“堅(jiān)持要求”、“一定要”的含義，從句中要用虛擬語氣，如：Heinsistedonareplyfromthemanager./Heinsistedthatthemanagergivehimareply.persistencen.堅(jiān)持，固執(zhí)D.UsefulExpressions1.這出于自己的喜好。Ithasbeenalaboroflove.2.有些人比別人更有幽默感，就像有些人更有音樂天賦一樣。Somepeoplehaveabettersenseofhumorthanothersjustassomepeoplehavemoremusicaltalent.3.你又上了我的當(dāng)。Ifooledyouagain.4.堅(jiān)持不懈的努力determinedandpatienteffort5.它廣為不同年齡和不同文化背景的人所喜愛。Itappealstoallagesandallcultures.6.幾乎每一位滑稽說笑演員都以這樣或那樣的方式講過下面這個(gè)笑話。Nearlyeverycomedianhasusedthefollowingjokeinoneformoranother.7.無論是在鄉(xiāng)村的舞臺(tái)上，還是在北京最大的劇院里，或是在播送、電視上，隨處都能聽到相聲。Cross-talkcanbeheardanywherefromsmallvillagestagestothelargestBeijingtheaters,andtoradioandtelevision.8.丁聰是位淘氣話大師。DingCongisamasterofwordplay.我認(rèn)為這不是幽默的過錯(cuò)。Idon’tthinkhumoristobeblamedforthat.E.Homeworkpost-readingexercisesPartThree&Four:FurtherDevelopment&TranslatingandWritingA.FurtherDevelopmentB.TranslatingActivities：處理英語長(zhǎng)句的翻譯技巧由于連詞、冠詞、介詞等功能詞的作用以及各種非謂語動(dòng)詞、謂語動(dòng)詞和代表不同邏輯關(guān)系的從句等結(jié)構(gòu)形式的存在，使英語長(zhǎng)句的特點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)為修飾語多，聯(lián)合成份多，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，但是表達(dá)效果條理清晰，脈絡(luò)清楚。例如：Wearefacedwithachoicebetweenusingtechnologytoprovideandfulfillneedswhichhavebeenregardedasunnecessaryor,ontheotherhand,usingtechnologytoreducethenumberofhoursofworkwhichamanmustdoinordertoearnagivenstandardofliving.我們面臨著一種選擇：要么利用技術(shù)來提供并滿足一直被視為并無必要的各種需求，要么利用技術(shù)來縮短人們?yōu)榱司S持一定的生活水準(zhǔn)而必須工作的時(shí)數(shù)。注意漢語長(zhǎng)句的特點(diǎn)漢語長(zhǎng)句字?jǐn)?shù)較多，結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，含有多層意思。但是由于傾向于短句的使用，所以通過合理的安排，在表達(dá)效果上也能做到層次清楚，含義清晰，語氣連貫。例如：你們將要進(jìn)行考察的這座城市，曾經(jīng)是聞名世界的四大文明古城之一。擺在你們面前的印刷品，會(huì)使你們對(duì)該城市有個(gè)根本概念：它如何形成；從初具雛形它就帶著何種與生俱來的開展趨勢(shì)；而這些趨勢(shì)又如何使它在建筑風(fēng)格上形成今天這種格局。Youwillhaveageneralideafromthehandoutwhichyouhaveinfrontofyouofhowthiscityoriginated,whichhadoncebeenoneoftheworld’sfourfamouscivilizedcitiesandintowhichaninvestigationisgoingtobemade;ofwhatdevelopmentaltrendswerebuiltintoit,asitwere,fromtheveryoutset;andofhowthesetrendshavemadewhatitistodayinitsarchitecturalstyle.翻譯英語長(zhǎng)句的步驟分析前提與原那么英譯漢長(zhǎng)句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換在于分清原文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和所表達(dá)的概念、關(guān)系與功能。根據(jù)具體的分析結(jié)果，結(jié)合漢語表達(dá)的句式、關(guān)鍵連詞與合理的邏輯順序，通過一定的翻譯技巧將原文譯出。遵循英語長(zhǎng)句翻譯的兩個(gè)分析原那么:分清主次：重點(diǎn)在于找準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)單句的主干、并列句的側(cè)重點(diǎn)及復(fù)合句的關(guān)系性質(zhì)。把握語態(tài)：將英語被動(dòng)句譯成漢語被動(dòng)句。翻譯英語長(zhǎng)句的步驟安排1.緊縮主干2.區(qū)分主從3.辨析詞義4.分清層次5.調(diào)整搭配6.潤(rùn)飾選詞以下介紹幾種常見的翻譯技巧，但是由于翻譯長(zhǎng)句是一種難度較高的綜合技能，因此在實(shí)際翻譯過程中，往往幾種方式同時(shí)使用。1.順譯分段法2.拆譯法3.倒置法4.插入法5.重組法C.WritingActivitiesWriteacompositiononeitherofthefollowingtopics.Useatlease6wordsorphrasesinyourcompositionfromthelistbelow.Yourcompositionshouldbenlessthan150words.Remembertowriteneatly.MyFavoritePastimeHowPeopleSpendTheirLeisureTimerelaxationtakeone’smindawayentertainmentillusionpursuedefinitelylimitedappealtoprofessionalentertaininglaughterinadvancerequireconcertalternativepopularityattractionfashionuniversalSampleHowPeopleSpendTheirLeisureTimeManypeopleareoftenverybusywithvariousthingsintheirworkortheirhomelifesotheyhavenotimeforentertainment.Butthisisreallybadforone’shealth.Soweshouldmakeanefforttolookforrelaxation.Aproverbsays,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”Peopleindifferentregionsmayhavedifferentformsofactivities.InChinaoneofthemostpopularactivitiesistraveling,especiallygoingtotheremoteareaswhicharenotseriouslypolluted.Theseisolatedlocationsappealtotravelerswhowanttogetclosertonaturebecausetheyaretiredofstressfulcitylife.Otherpeoplewhocanaffordneitherthetimenorthemoneyfortravelwillstayathome,watchingTV,goingtothemoviesorconcerts,orinvitingsomefriendstohaveaparty.Childrenliketogotothepark,playcomputergames,andparticipateinsports.Youngwomenliketogoshoppingwhileyoungmenprefertostayathome,watchingTVanddrinkingtea.Thepopularityofpastimesvariesaccordingtoage,sex,personalityandfinancialsituations.Whateverone’spastimeis,I’msurethatafteritheorshewillfeelrelaxed,morerefreshedandreadytostartanewday’swork.Pastimesofferawaytotakeone’smindawayfromthestressesofeverydaylife.Unit3GenderDifferencesTopic:GenderRolesfromaCulturalPerspectiveTeachingAims:TheteachingofthistextaimstoenablestudentstoMasterthewordsdescribinggenderdifferencesImprovethestudents’abilitiesofcommunicationandmakingcommentsRequirements:Someimportantnewwordsandphrasesshouldbemastered;DotheexerciseinthetextbookMainteachingpointsVocabularyandPhrases：constituteincorporate…into…aspirationopenthedoortodimensionturnoutgenderbiasimpactparticipantsubordinationaccordancedepriveLanguageStructure:theanalysisofcomplexsentencesTeachingimportanceanddifficulties：Masteringattributiveclausesledbywho,whereandthat;2.Analyzingthestructureoflongsentences.MethodsofTeaching：Task-basedapproachandcommunicativeoneMulti-mediateachingequipmentGroupdiscussionLiveperformanceReference：NewCollegeEnglishBook(theThirdEdition),NewCollegeEnglishBookView,ListenandSpeak.TeachingproceduresPartOne:Preparation1.Dividingtheclassintosmallgroupstodiscussthetwocartoonsandaskonepersonofthegrouptoanswerthequestionsandgiveageneralpresentation.Learningthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.Guidingthestudentstolearnthenewwordsandphrasesofthein-classreadingtext.PartTwoIn-classReadingPre-ReadingQuestionsbeforereadingWhat’sthetypicalimageofaman/womanintraditionalmold?SampleAmanshouldbemasculine.Heshouldbestrongandresponsibleenoughtoprotectwomen,childrenandtheoldinafamilyandinthesociety.Hecaresmoreabouthiscareerandsuccessthanhislooks.However,awomanshouldbefeminine,tender,considerateandsmart.Sheshouldspendmoretimeonhouseholdaffairs,onchildrenandtheoldathome.2.Isthereanygender-biasineducation?Ifso,what’sthesituation?Canyougiveanexampletoillustrateit?SampleThismaydeprivegirlsofthechanceofhands-onwork,avitallearningexperiencethatwouldaffecttheirentirelives.(AnotherexampleisthatthetypicalAmericanteachersassumethatboyswilldobetterinmathandsciencesubjectswhilegirlshavebetterverbalandreadingskills.Thisattitudeinteachingleadstoboys’problemsinreadingandgirls’lackofinterestsinscience.Accordingtothelastparagraph,howdoboysandgirlstreattheirschoolwork?SampleBoystendtobemoreindependent,analyticalororiginalintellectually.Whilegirlsaremoredependentonteachersandmoreconcernedwiththeformandneatnessoftheirworkthanwithitscontent.B.TextStructure1.Introduction(Para.1)Ithasbeenprovenrepeatedlythatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotionsandintereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.Development(Para.2-4)Thereisaculturalbiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.Teacherscalledonmalesinclassfarmorethanonfemalestudents.(Para.2)Teachersassignedboysandgirlsdifferenttasksaccordingtostereotypedgenderroles.(Para.3)someinternationalnegotiations.Gender-biasededucationisalsoreflectedinthetypicalAmericanteacher’sassumptionthatboyswilldobetterinsciencesubjectswhilegirlstendtohavebetterverbalandreadingskills.(Para.4)Conclusion(Para.5)Educationalbiasbeginsathomeanddevelopsatschool,whichinturnreinforcesitsestablishedvaluesandturnsouteachgenderinitstraditionalandexpectedmold.C.Learningwordsandphrasesinthetext:(1)constitutev.toformormakeup;be組成，構(gòu)成；形成，成為the50statesthatconstituteUSAYourattitudeconstitutesadirectchallengetomyauthority.toformallyestablishorappoint制定，設(shè)立；任命Governmentsshouldbeconstitutedbythewillofthepeople.辨析comprise[+n.]toconsistof(parts)包含，包括TheUnitedKingdomcomprisesEngland,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIreland.(ofparts)toform組成FifteenseparatepublicscomprisedtheSovietUnion.〔2〕incorporate…into…tounite(onething)withsomethingelsealreadyinexistence結(jié)合；合并；收編incorporatetheletterintoherdiaryincorporateyoursuggestionintothenewplanThesmallcompanyisincorporatedintoHaierGroup.incorporate…with…合并Mr.Smith’scompanyisincorporatedwithothersmallcompanies.〔3〕aspirationn.aspirev.todirectone’shopesandeffortstosomeimportantaim追求，渴望；有志于anaspiringyoungactress[+to,after]Heaspiredafterapoliticalcareer/totheleadershipoftheparty;aspireaftertruth,aspiretofame[+to-v.]Sheaspirestobecomepresident.(4)openthedoortomake…possibleoravailable,offeropportunityto…向······開門Theestablishmentofjointventuresopenthedoortowiderinternationalcooperation.(5)subordinationn.subordinatev.[與to連用]toputinapositionoflessimportance使處于次要地位，使附屬于······,放在······之下Hesubordinatedhiswishestothegeneralgoodofthegroup.subordinateadj.[to]ofalowerrankorposition;lessimportant下級(jí)的，次級(jí)的，附屬的；不太重要的Allotherconsiderationsaresubordinatetoourneedforsteadyprofits.subordinaten.someonewhoisofalowerrankinajob,andtakesordersfromhisorherSUPERIOR(=thepersonhigherinrank)部屬，部下，下級(jí)Hetreatshissubordinatesverybadly.(6)dimensionn.factor,element范圍，方面differentdimensionstothatproblemHe’sagoodnewsmanandhehasthatextradimension.(7)turnout.toshutoff關(guān)，熄滅〔燈、煤氣等〕turnoutthelighttoproduceormakesomething生產(chǎn)，制造Thefactoryturnsout300unitsaday.2)Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegoodscholars.tobefoundtobe最后結(jié)果是，最終成為Therookieturnedouttobethebesthitterontheteam.D.Masteringsentencestructureandgrammar:(1)Overthepastfewdecades,ithasbeenproveninnumerabletimesthatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandcultureTranslation:(在過去的幾十年里，已經(jīng)無數(shù)次地證實(shí)了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：構(gòu)成男子陽(yáng)剛之氣和女子陰柔之氣的各種不同類型的行為、情感和興趣都既是遺傳又是文化熏陶的結(jié)果。(2)“…thosestudentswhobecomeactiveclassroomparticipantsdevelopmorepositiveattitudesandgoontohigherachievement.”(ll.24-26)Translation:那些積極的課堂活動(dòng)參與者對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)更加樂觀有信心，并能在今后取得更大的成就。Comments:Theword“develop”isusedfourtimesinthepassage.Theotherthreesentencesare:“…Americanboysdo,indeed,developreadingproblems…”(ll.44-45)“…anditisgirlswhodevelopreadingproblems.”(ll.47-48)“Insteadofbeingencouragedtodevelopintellectualcuriosityandphysicalskillsthatareusefulindealingwiththeoutsideworld…”(ll.54-56(3)…itwasobservedbyprofessorsandwomenstudentsalikethattheboyswere“takingover”theclassroomdiscussionsandthatactiveparticipationbywomenstudentshaddiminishednoticeably.(ll.28-30)Translation:教授們和女生們都發(fā)現(xiàn)男孩們正在接管課堂討論，而女生們積極參與的程度那么明顯下降。Comments:Youuse“alike”aftermentioningtwoormorepeople,groups,orthingsinordertoemphasizethatyouarereferringtobothorallofthem(4)Asanexampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy,Americanboysdo,indeed,developreadingproblems,whilegirls,whoaresuperiortoboysinmathuptotheageofnine,fallbehindfromthenon.(ll.43-46)Translation:結(jié)果，美國(guó)的男孩們確實(shí)在閱讀上出了問題，而在數(shù)學(xué)方面女孩盡管在九歲以前一直比男孩強(qiáng)，但此后卻落在了他們后面。這成了預(yù)言自我應(yīng)驗(yàn)的一個(gè)例子。(5)“…girlsarefilledwithfearsoftheworldoutsidethehomeandwiththedesiretobeapprovedoffortheir‘goodness’andobediencetorules.”(ll.56-58)Comments:Theverbphrase“approveofsomebody/something”means“feelorbelievethatsomebody/somethingisgood,acceptableorsatisfactory”.Sointhesentence,“withthedesiretobeapprovedof”means“girlshavethedesirethatotherpeoplewillapproveofthem”.And“fortheir‘goodness’andobediencetorules”indicatesthereasonsforotherpeople’sapproval.Translation:對(duì)女孩的教育使她們對(duì)自己家外面的世界充滿了恐懼，而且期望別人對(duì)自己的優(yōu)良品格和循規(guī)蹈矩加以認(rèn)可。(6)Theselessonscarryoverfromthehometotheclassroom,wheregirlsaregenerallyobservedtobemoredependentontheteacher,moreconcernedwiththeformandneatnessoftheirworkthanwithitscontent,andmoreanxiousaboutbeing‘right’intheiranswersthaninbeingintellectuallyindependent,analytical,ororiginal.(ll.28-30)Comments:句中“where…ororiginal”是非限定性定語從句，修飾前面句中的名詞classroom.Thephrase“carryover”means“tocontinuetoexistorapplyinanewsituation”.Translation:這類教誨從家庭一直延續(xù)到課堂。于是，在課堂里我們常?？梢钥吹脚兏蕾嚱處?，更注重的是作業(yè)的形式和整潔而不是內(nèi)容，更在乎他們所給的答案是否“正確”而不在乎智力方面的獨(dú)立自主以及分析能力或創(chuàng)造能力的提高。E.HomeworkPartⅢFurtherDevelopment&TranslatingandWritingA.FurtherDevelopmentB.TranslatingActivities：P81-P83Translationpractice1.Asamatteroffact,inthelate1960s,whenmanyofthebestall-women’scollegesinthenortheasternunitedStatesopenedtheirdoorstomalestudents,itwasobservedbyprofessorsandwomenstudent