2011年4月自考00832英語詞匯學(xué)試題及答案含解析

英語詞匯學(xué)年月真題

0083220114

1、【單選題】ThedevelopmentofEnglishvocabularycanbedividedintothe

followingparticularhistoricalperiodEXCEPT______.

OldEnglish

MiddleEnglish

A:

NewEnglish

B:

ModernEnglish

C:

答D:案：C

解析：英語詞匯學(xué)的發(fā)展分為3個(gè)時(shí)期：古英語時(shí)期(OldEnglish)，中古英語時(shí)期

(MiddleEnglish)和現(xiàn)代英語時(shí)期(ModernEnglish)。

2、【單選題】Thedefinitionofawordcomprisesthefollowingpoints______.

(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning

(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence

(1)and(2)

(1)(2)and(3)

A:

(2)(3)and(4)

B:

(1)(2)(3)and(4)

C:

答D:案：D

3、【單選題】Wordsofthebasicwordstockcaneachbeusedalone,andatthe

sametimecanformnewwordswithotherrootsandaffixes,e.g.footisthefather

offootball,footageandfootprint.Thisdemonstratesthatoneof

thecharacteristicsofthewordsofthebasicstockis______.

productivity

polysemy

A:

stability

B:

collocability

C:

答D:案：A

4、【單選題】TheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilyismadeupofmostofthe

languagesofEurope,theNearEast,and______.

India

A:

theFarEast

theWestAsia

B:

America

C:

答D:案：A

解析：印歐語系的構(gòu)成有歐洲大部分語言，近東和印度的語言，因此答案選A。

5、【單選題】IntheearlyperiodofModernEnglish,Europesawanewupsurgeof

learningancientGreekand______classics.Thisisknowninhistoryas

theRenaissance.

India

German

A:

Roman

B:

Chinese

C:

答D:案：C

解析：在現(xiàn)代英語初期，歐洲興起了一場以學(xué)習(xí)古羅馬和古希臘經(jīng)典著作（ancient

GreekandRoman）為中心的人文知識運(yùn)動，也就是文藝復(fù)興運(yùn)動。

6、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.

InearlyMiddleEnglishperiod,English,LatinandCelticexistedsidebyside.

A:

TheintroductionofprintingintoEnglandmarkedthebeginningofmodernEnglish

B:

period.

C:

Themostimportantmodeofvocabularydevelopmentinpresent-dayEnglish

iscreationofnewwordsbymeansofword-formation.

D:

答案：B

7、【單選題】Thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwordsis______.

morpheme

affixes

A:

root

B:

stem

C:

答D:案：A

8、【單選題】Thereis/are______monomorphemicword(s)inthefollowingwords:

hot,dog,feet,matches.

1

2

A:

3

B:

4

C:

答D:案：B

9、【單選題】Thepluralmorpheme"-s"ispronouncedas/s/inthefollowingwords

EXCEPT______.

packs

bags

A:

cheats

B:

ships

C:

答D:案：B

10、【單選題】30%to40%ofthetotalnumberofnewwordsinEnglishvocabulary

areproducedthrough______.

affixation

clipping

A:

compounding

B:

shortening

C:

答D:案：A

11、【單選題】Theformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclassto

anotherclassiscalled______.

prefixation

suffixation

A:

acronymy

B:

conversion

C:

答D:案：D

解析：題干中提出的構(gòu)詞法是通過轉(zhuǎn)換詞性，這種構(gòu)詞方法叫作轉(zhuǎn)換法。

12、【單選題】Themethodofcreatingwordsbyremovingthesupposedsuffixesis

called______.

back-formation

clipping

A:

blending

B:

C:

suffixation

答D:案：A

13、【單選題】______accountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbol

anditsmeaning.

Sense

Motivation

A:

Concept

B:

Reference

C:

答D:案：B

解析：詞語的意義包含reference,sense和concept，motivation解釋的是語言符號和

意義的聯(lián)系，即詞的理據(jù)。

14、【單選題】By______motivation,wemeanthatthemeaningofaparticular

wordisrelatedtoitsorigin.

onomatopoeic

morphological

A:

semantic

B:

etymological

C:

答D:案：D

解析：本題考查第五章理據(jù)中擬聲理據(jù)onomatopoeic、形態(tài)理據(jù)morphological、語態(tài)理

據(jù)semantic和詞源理據(jù)etymological的概念理解和辨析。詞源理據(jù)，從字面意思來講，

是此的根源，題干中有itsorigin，因此選擇Cetymological。

15、【單選題】InEnglishthereare______typesofmotivationthatconcernsthe

relationshipbetweenthesignandmeaning.

2

3

A:

4

B:

5

C:

答D:案：C

16、【單選題】Whatisacommonfeaturepeculiartoallnaturallanguages?

Suffixation.

Variation.

A:

B:

Allomorph.

Polysemy.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：一詞多義現(xiàn)象(polysemy)是世界上所有語言的共同特征，而后綴法

(suffixation)、變體(variation)及詞素變體（allomorph）僅是個(gè)別語言的特征。

17、【單選題】Red,scarlet,mauve,violet,lavender,pansy,black,purple,etc,

makeupthe______fieldof‘colours’.

stylistic

semantic

A:

elliptic

B:

syntactic

C:

答D:案：B

解析：紅色、橙色、黃色、綠色、黑色等屬于“顏色”的下義詞，同時(shí)構(gòu)成了“顏色”的

語義場。注意題干中的謂語是makeup，本題選D。

18、【單選題】WhatisapplicabletocontradictorytermsofsomeantonymsmayNOT

beapplicabletotheir______terms?

connotative

collocative

A:

relative

B:

negative

C:

答D:案：C

19、【單選題】Whenacommonwordisturnedintoapropernoun,themeaningis

______accordingly.

related

narrowed

A:

created

B:

suggested

C:

答D:案：B

解析：此處city的詞義被縮小。

20、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingwordswasusedduringtheAmericanCivil

WartorefertothosenorthernerswhoweresecretlyaidingtheSouth?

Rattlesnake.

Villain.

A:

Informer.

B:

Copperhead.

C:

答D:案：D

21、【單選題】Peoplechangeword-meaningowingtovarious______motives:love,

respect,courtesy,suspicion,pessimism,sarcasm,irony,contempt,hatred,etc.

psychological

social

A:

communicative

B:

lexical

C:

答D:案：A

22、【單選題】Inanarrowsense,contextreferstothewords,clauses,sentences

inwhichawordappearsandisknownas______context.

non-linguistic

linguistic

A:

grammatical

B:

lexical

C:

答D:案：B

23、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingisoneofthemainfunctionsofverbal

context?

Eliminationofambiguity.

Indicationforreferents.

A:

Provisionofcluesforinferringword-meaning.

B:

Alltheabove.

C:

答D:案：D

24、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutextra-linguisticcontext?

Itcanbesubdividedintogrammaticalcontextandnon-linguisticcontext.

Itreferstophysicalsituationorenvironmentrelatingtotheuseofwords.

A:

Itembracesthepeople,timeandplace.

B:

Itmayextendtoembracetheentireculturalbackground.

C:

D:

答案：A

25、【單選題】Theidiom"fallintogoodhands"isa______asfarasfiguresof

speechareconcerned.

synecdoche

metaphor

A:

metonymy

B:

personification

C:

答D:案：A

26、【單選題】"Fleshandblood"isanidiom______innature.

verbal

nominal

A:

adjectival

B:

adverbial

C:

答D:案：B

27、【單選題】Thechangeofidiom"velvetpaws"fromtheoriginalformis______.

replacement

position-shifting

A:

addition

B:

shortening

C:

答D:案：D

28、【單選題】Americandictionariesgenerallyuse______tomarkthe

pronunciation.

BritishPhoneticAlphabet

AmericanPhoneticAlphabet

A:

InternationalPhoneticAlphabet

B:

Webster'sPhoneticAlphabet

C:

答D:案：D

解析：美國字典通常根據(jù)韋式語音字母表標(biāo)記發(fā)音。

29、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingdictionariesisNOTaspecialized

dictionary?

TheOxfordDictionaryofEnglishEtymology

A:

Chamber'sEncyclopaedicEnglishDictionary

LongmanDictionaryofPhrasalVerbs

B:

Webster'sNewDictionaryofSynonyms

C:

答D:案：B

30、【單選題】Usagenotesofthedictionaryexplain______.

theslightdifferencebetweenwordsofsimilarmeanings

difficultpointsofgrammarandstyle

A:

importantBritishandAmericandifferences

B:

alltheabove

C:

答D:案：D

31、【問答題】leorn→ian→lern→en→learn

答案：InmodernEnglish,wordendingsweremostlylostwithjustafew

exceptions.ItcanbeconcludedthatEnglishhasevolvedfromasynthetic

languagetothepresentanalyticlanguage.

32、【問答題】Bothinitialismsandacronymsareformedtoacertainextentfrom

initialletters.Isthereanydifferencebetweenthem?Illustrateyourpoint

withexamples.

答案：Acronymyistheprocessofformingnewwordsbyjoiningtheinitial

lettersofnamesofsocialandpoliticalorganizationsorspecialnounphrases

andtechnicalterms.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledinitialismsor

acronyms,dependingonthepronunciationofthewords.

33、【問答題】Whatistheappropriateantonymforacuteinthefollowing

statement?Shegotanacutepaininherback.

答案：Theappropriateantonymforacuteinthesentence'Shegotanacutepain

inherbackisdull.

34、【問答題】Whatarecontextualclues?Guessthemeaningoftheword

underlinedinthefollowingsentenceandtellwhatcontextualclueshavehelped

youinarrivingatthemeaning.(a)Perhapsthemoststartlingtheorytocome

outofkinesics,thestudyofbodymovement,wassuggestedbyProfessorB

irdwhistell.(b)It'sjustonemoreincredibleresultofthedevelopmentof

microprocessors—thosetinypartsofacomputercommonlyknownas"silicon

chips".

答案：Contextmayproveextremelyvaluableinguessingthemeaningsofnew

words.Inmanycaseswhenanewwordappearsforthefirsttime,theauthor

generallymanagestogivehintswhichmighthelpthereadertograspthe

conceptorunderstandtheidea.Thisiscalledcontextualclues.(a)Definition:

thestudyofbodymovement.(b)Explanation:thosetinypartsofcomputer

commonlyknownas"siliconchips".

35、【問答題】Commentonthefollowinggroupstoillustratethedifference

betweenpartialandfullconversion.Group1:"white—awhite,final—finals"

Group2:"rich—therich,wounded—thewounded"

答案：Itisnotunusualtohavenounsconvertedfromadjectives.Unlikeverbs,

notalladjectiveswhichareconvertedcanachievefullnounstatus.Some

arecompletelyconverted,thusknownasfullconversion.othersareonly

partiallyconverted,hencepartialconversion.Group1showsthefeatureof

fullconversion-anounfullyconvertedfromanadjectivehasall

thecharacteristicsofnounsandcantakeanindefinitearticleor-(e)s

toindicatesingularorpluralnumber.Forexample,"white"isanadjectiveand

"awhite"isanounphrase(articlenoun),meaningawhiteman."Final"is

anadjectiveand"finals"anounphrase(noun),meaningfinalexamsor

finalcompetitions.Group2revealthefeatureofpartialconversionno

partiallyconvertedfromadjectivesdonotpossessallthequalitiesanoun

doesandtheymustbeusedtogetherwithdefinitearticles.Wordsofthisclass

generallyrefertoagroupofthekind.Forinstance,"rich"isanadjectiveand

"therich"referstotherichpeople."Thewounded"referstothewounded

soldiers.

36、【問答題】Analyzeandcommentonthemeaningsofthefollowingsentencesand

thenfindouttherightantonymsforeachfastrespectively.[A]Mygod,look,

thisclockisonehourfast,asifwewereatTokyo.[B]Thecolorsaren'tfast,

sobecarefulwhenyouwashthisshirt.[C]Thedelegationpaidafastvisitto

theUnitedKingdomlastmonth.

答案：Awordwhichhasmorethanonemeaningcanhavemorethanoneantonym.

Sentence[A]meanstheclockisonehouraheadofthelocaltime,and

theantonymoffastisslow.Sentence[B]meansthecolorsareresistantto

destructionorfading,andtheantonymofthewordfastisloose.Sentence[C]

meansthevisitwasaccomplishedinrelativelylittletime,anditsantonymis

long.

37、【填空題】Thegeneralestimateofthepresent-dayEnglishvocabularyisover

one_________words.

答案：million

38、【填空題】Attheendof6thcentury,Latin-speakingmissionariesunderSt.

AugustinecametospreadChristianityinBritain.Itbroughtmanynewideasand

customsandalsomany_________termssuchasabbot,candle,altar,etc.

答案：religious

39、【填空題】Theformsthatareattachedtowordsorwordelementstomodify

meaningorfunctionare_________.

答案：affixes

40、【填空題】Theprocessofchangingtheword"possible"into"impossible"is

called_________.

答案：prefixation

41、【填空題】Thesynonymouspair"die—passaway"hasthesame_________but

differentstylisticvalues.

答案：concept

42、【填空題】Semantically,all_________arerelatedinonewayoranother.

答案：words

43、【填空題】Fortuitousformerlydenoted'happeningbychance','accidental'

andlatertookonthemeaning'fortunate'probablyby_________becausethetwo

wordslooksimilar.

答