2022年浙江省寧波市第十八高中高三英語下學期摸底試題含解析

2022年浙江省寧波市第十八高中高三英語下學期摸底試題含解析一、選擇題1.Agoodsalesmanmustbe________ifhewantstosucceed.A.aggressive

B.awesomeC.appointed

D.arbitrary參考答案：A【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：要做好推銷員一定要有闖勁才能成功。A.aggressive有進取精神的，有干勁的，進取的，有進取心的；B.awesome可怕的；C.appointed指定的；D.arbitrary任意的。根據(jù)常識可知，做銷售一定要有闖勁，故選A。2.—HowdoesJaneputonsomuchweight?—Largequantitiesoffat____recently.A.areconsumed B.isbeingconsumed C.hasbeenconsumed D.havebeenconsumed參考答案：D【詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：——Jane怎么長這么胖？——最近吃了大量富含脂肪的食物。由recently判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語fat和consume之間是被動關系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，“l(fā)argequantitiesof+名詞”作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，故用havebeenconsumed。故選D項?！军c睛】本題考查關于quantity短語的主謂一致。quantity一般構(gòu)成連個短語aquantityof和quantitiesof，它們的用法如下：quantitiesof無論修飾可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)名詞、謂語動詞都用復數(shù)。例如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有許多食品(堅果)。

aquantityof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)、謂語動詞用復數(shù);+不可數(shù)名詞、謂語動詞用單數(shù)。即修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞均可,作主語時采取就近一致的原則,其謂語動詞通常與短語中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。例如:Alargequantityofbeerwassoldout.大量的啤酒被售出。Alargequantityofblouseswereonsale.大量罩衫有售。3.—Whatsortoffrienddoyouwanttohave?Someonebeautiful?—Well，it

bebeautiful——that'snotimportant．A．mustn't

B．needn't

C．can't

D．won't參考答案：

B4.

wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.

A．It

B．This

C．What

D．As參考答案：C5.ComeinandsitdownandI

youwhatI'vefoundrecently．A．show

B．willshow

C．showed

D．wasshowing參考答案：B6.We’dbetterstayherealittlelonger

heturnsupunexpectedly.A.although B.incase C.since D.ifonly參考答案：B7.—HowgladIam.I’vefinallypassedthedrivingtest.

—

A．Congratulations.

B．Cheers.

C．Bestwishes.

D．Goodluck.參考答案：A8.—Wherehaveyoubeen?—Igotstuckintheheavytraffic,orI_____hereearlier.A.hadarrivedB.was

C.wouldcomeD.wouldhavebeen參考答案：D9.Goodsurroundingspeople

offormanyyears．Includingsafety,clearreadsandconvenientservices,willfinallycometrue．A．dream

B．havebeendreaming

C．dreamt

D．a(chǎn)redreamt參考答案：B10.—WheredidyougoonNationalDay?

—JiuzhaiValley.I______togotoFrance,buttheexpensewastoohigh.A.planned

B.wouldplan

C.haveplanned

D.hadplanned參考答案：D22.Thepresidentowedhissuccessnotto_____buttoself-educationandadrivingdesireforachievement.A.regulation

B.privilege

C.arrangement

D.procedure參考答案：B略12.—DidyouknowanyFrenchbeforeyouarrivedinWashington?

—Never______it,actually. A.hadIlearned

B.haveIlearned

C.Ilearned

D.wasIlearning參考答案：A13.Thediningroomiscleanandtidy,withatablealready______forabigmeal．

A.beinglaid

B．laying

C．tolay

D．laid參考答案：D略14._________goodTonyBlairdidforhiscountry----actuallyquitealot----istotallyovershadowedbycrimesinIraq.A.Whatever

B.Whichever

C.However

D.How參考答案：A略15.—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.—__________!I’msureyou’llmakeit.A.Takeiteasy

B.Nevermind

C.Takeyourtime

D.Noproblem參考答案：A考查交際用語takeiteasy放輕松，別擔心nevermind沒關系

takeyourtime慢慢來noproblem沒問題。句意為--我在想明天的考試呢，我害怕我過不了。----別擔心，我相信你會成功的。16.Theoldwomanwho________inthedesertedhousealonefortenyearshasbeensettledinanursinghomenow.A.lived B.haslivedC.hadlived D.hasbeenliving參考答案：A【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：一個人住在廢棄的房子里達十年之久的那位老婦人現(xiàn)在在養(yǎng)老院定居。因為住在廢棄的房子里發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關，應該用一般過去時。故選A。B.現(xiàn)在完成時，表示現(xiàn)在還一個人，與語境不符；C.hadlived過去完成時，是過去的過去，沒有對比的時間；D.hasbeenliving現(xiàn)在完成進行時，強調(diào)動作一直在進行，一直到現(xiàn)在，不合語境。故選A。17.

——Do

youthinkyoucouldmanageityourself?——

.I’mnotafreshmananymore．A.

Takecare

B．Hurryup

C.Notexactly

D.Don’tworry參考答案：D二、新的題型18.It'severyparent'sworstnightmare.___16___.Nowscientistssaytheyhavefoundabetterwaytowakeupsleepingyoungsters.ResearchersintheUShavediscoveredthatplayingachildarecordingoftheirmother'svoiceisaboutthreetimesmorelikelytowakethemthanatraditionalalarm.Moreover,theycanescapemorequickly.DrGarySmith,aco－authoroftheresearchfromtheNationwideChildren'shospitalinOhioandhiscolleaguesreporthowtheycomparedtheeffectsoffourdifferentsmokealarmson176childrenagedbetween5and12yearsold.___17___.Whileonealarmfeaturedahigh－pitchedbeep,theotherthreefeaturedthevoiceofthechild'smothercallingeitherthechild'sname,givinginstructionssuchas:“Wakeup!Leavetheroom！”，orboth.Eachchildsleptinalab－basedroomthatresembledarealbedroom,andwasshownhowtoescapefromtheroombeforetheywenttobed.Theyeachexperiencedallfouralarms—theorderofwhichwaschosenrandomly.___18___.About90%ofchildrenwokeforavocalalarmcomparedwithjustover53%forthetraditionalalarm.Inaddition,thechildrenshookofftheirsleepfaster,withamedian(中位數(shù))valueoftwosecondsforthevoicealarmcomparedwithmorethantwoandahalfminutesforthetraditionalalarm.___19___．ProfNiamhNicDaéid,directoroftheLeverhulmeResearchCentreattheUniversityofDundee,saidtheresearchsupportedbyherteamfoundahumanvoicecombinedwithalow－frequencypulsingtonewasfarmoreeffectiveinwakingchildrenthanatraditionalhigh－pitchedalarm.___20___，whichmighthavemadethemmoreresponsivetoanalarm,whilemoreworkwasneededtoexplorewhetherotherfamiliarsounds,suchasadogbarking,mightalsoproveeffectiveinwakingupchildren.A.ButshenotedthatthelateststudyinvolvedchildrensleepinginalocationotherthantheirownbedroomB.ButshesaiditwasimportanttolookatdevelopingbetteralarmsC.NoneofthemhadhearingdifficultiesorweretakinganymedicationthataffectedtheirsleepD.Theresultsshowthatvoicealarmsappeartobemoreeffectivethanhigh－pitchedbeepsE.What'smore,itdoessofasterandislinkedtoaquickerescapeF.There'safireinthehouse;thealarmsarebeeping,butthechildrenareindeepsleepG.Similarly,escapetimeswerelongerinthecasesofthebeepingalarms參考答案：16.F

17.C

18.D

19.G

20.A本文屬于說明文范疇，在文中作者介紹了父母應該如何和處于青春叛逆期的孩子進行溝通交流。作者認為青春期的孩子獨立意識增強，建議家長在和孩子談話時不要過于直接，而且孩子在不愿意講的時候，也不要一再地追問?？傊谧鹬睾⒆拥幕A上家長能夠和青春期的孩子保持良好的關系?！?6題詳解】上文提示“這是每個父母最糟糕的噩夢?！背薪由衔模現(xiàn)項There'safireinthehouse;thealarmsarebeeping,butthechildrenareindeepsleep（房子里著火了;警報響了，但孩子們?nèi)栽谑焖?。）切題。故選F?！?7題詳解】上文提示“GarySmith博士和他的同事報告了他們是如何比較四種不同煙霧報警器對176名5到12歲兒童的影響的?！背薪由衔?，C項Noneofthemhadhearingdifficultiesorweretakinganymedicationthataffectedtheirsleep（他們都沒有聽力障礙，也沒有服用任何影響睡眠的藥物。）切題。該項中的them指代的是上文中的between5and12yearsold，故選C?！?8題詳解】下文提示“大約90%的孩子醒來是為了發(fā)出聲音警報，而傳統(tǒng)的鬧鐘只有53%多一點?！背薪酉挛?，D項Theresultsshowthatvoicealarmsappeartobemoreeffectivethanhigh－pitchedbeeps（結(jié)果表明,聲音警報似乎比高音嗶嗶聲更有效。）切題。故選D?！?9題詳解】上文提示“此外，孩子們從睡眠中醒來的速度更快，語音鬧鐘的中值為2秒，而傳統(tǒng)鬧鐘的中值超過了2.5分鐘?！背薪由衔?，G項Similarly,escapetimeswerelongerinthecasesofthebeepingalarms（類似地，在蜂鳴聲警報的情況下，逃生時間更長。）切題。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后半句提示“這可能會使他們對警報反應更靈敏，同時還需要做更多的工作來探索其他熟悉的聲音，比如狗叫聲，是否也能有效地喚醒孩子們?！背薪雍蟀刖?，A項Butshenotedthatthelateststudyinvolvedchildrensleepinginalocationotherthantheirownbedroom（但她指出，最新的研究涉及到孩子們睡在自己臥室以外的地方。）切題。后半句中的which指的是該項內(nèi)容，是非限制性定語從句，故答案為A。三、閱讀理解19.Morethan20ChineseandAmericanexpertsdiscoveredthatyoungpeopleofbothcountriesarefacingthesameproblemsofeconomicandsocialpressureandthuslackofconfidence.

WayneMeisel,directoroftheCampusOutreachOpportunityLeagueofMinnesotaUniversity,saidthatundereconomicpressureAmericanyoungpeoplehavetoworkhardandmoststudentshavetotakepart-timeworkinordertosupportthemselves.

Inthesecircumstances,hesaid,youngpeoplelackconfidence,whichwasnotthecaseinthe1960swhenyoungpeoplethoughtthemselvescapableofdoinganything.InspiteofthedifferentconditionsinChina,LiXuequan,directorofthehighereducationsectionoftheAll-ChinaYouthFederation,saidChineseyoungpeoplearealsofacingeconomicpressureandareworriedaboutinflation(通貨膨脹)andcorruption（腐敗）.

Inordertosolvetheseproblems,theChineseandAmericanexpertsagreedthatyouthorganizationshouldcallonthewholeofsocietytocreatefavourableconditionsforthehealthygrowthofyoungpeople,aswellastoencouragethemtomeettheurgentneedsofsociety.

Meiselsaidthatsincelastyearhehassentlettersof“challengetoyouth”tomanyyoungpeople,urgingthemtocommitthemselvestomeetingsuchneedsasfeedingthehungry,housingthehomeless,caringforthelonelyandsick,serv