動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)-教案

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案徐紅平2023-91動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)目標(biāo)：1.把握英語(yǔ)的八種根本時(shí)態(tài)和幾種常考時(shí)態(tài)了解并嫻熟把握高考的幾種熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)分并正確運(yùn)用幾種易混時(shí)態(tài)一、英語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)：一般進(jìn)展完成完成進(jìn)展現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)展時(shí)過(guò)去一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)展時(shí)將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)展時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)/過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)///穩(wěn)操勝券Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026 offat18∶20.takes B.took C.willbetaken D.hastakenA解析:飛機(jī)、火車等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。Theyounggirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.She_before.hasn’tflown B.didn’tfly C.hadn’tflown D.wasn’tflyingC解析:hadn’tflownwasnervous之前。MycousinwenttoCanadatwoyearsago.He thereforafewmonthsandthenwenttoAmerica.worked B.wouldwork C.wouldbeworking D.hasbeenworkingA解析:考察一般過(guò)去時(shí)的根本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的順承的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)當(dāng)全都。--Yourjob openforyourreturn.--Thanks.willbekept B.willkeep C.hadkept D.hadbeenkeptA解析keepthejob/thepositionopen使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時(shí)歡送你回來(lái)工作”可知用將來(lái)時(shí)。-- you himaroundthemuseumyet?--Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.Have;shown B.Do;show C.Had;shown D.Did;showA解析:此處表示說(shuō)話者詢問(wèn)對(duì)方“有沒(méi)有帶著他參觀博物館”的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。--IsawJaneandherboyfriendintheparkateightyesterdayevening.--Impossible.She TVwithmeinmyhomethen.watched B.hadwatched C.wouldwatch D.waswatchingD:8不行能。她當(dāng)時(shí)正在我家和我一起看電視?！眛hen，指的是ateightyesterdayevening，指過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)。Theflowersweresolovelythatthey innotime.sold B.hadbeensold C.weresold D.wouldsellC解析:由“wereso...”可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；flowers應(yīng)當(dāng)是“被賣光”，故用被動(dòng)形式。--What’sthatnoise?--Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine .wastested B.willbetested C.isbeingtested D.hasbeentestedC:“機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)”C項(xiàng)。Inaroomabovethestore，whereaparty ,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.wastobeheld B.hasbeenheld C.willbeheld D.isbeingheldA解析:考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。依據(jù)“someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable”推斷--Ihavegotaheadache.--Nowonder.You infrontofthatcomputertoolong.work B.areworking C.havebeenworking D.workedC解析:考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由“Ihavegotaheadache”可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)展“從過(guò)去開(kāi)頭持續(xù)至今且還會(huì)進(jìn)展下去的影響及結(jié)果。二、熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài):一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)I younottomovemydictionary--nowIcannotfindit.asked B.ask C.wasasking D.hadasked--Thewindowisdirty.--Iknow.It forweeks.hasn’tcleaned B.didn’tclear C.wasn’tcleaned D.hasn’tbeencleanedShewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechild everything!hadbeeneating B.hadeaten C.haveeaten D.havebeeneating--HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?--Ihavenoidea.He itthismorning.did B.hasdone C.wasdoing D.haddone--Haveyoudecidedalready?--Yes,I atonce.--Yes,I already.havedecided B.decided C.willdecide D.haddecided1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)1).Listentothetwogirlsbythewindow.Whatlanguage1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)1).Listentothetwogirlsbythewindow.Whatlanguage they (speak)?2).I ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)指常常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)則表示此刻或近一段時(shí)間一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)指常常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)則表示此刻或近一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作。一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)He abookaboutChinalastyear,butIdon’tknowifhe it.wrote;hasfinished B.waswriting;hasfinishedC.waswriting;hadfinished D.wrote;willfinish過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)表當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)展而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Asshe thenewspaper,Granny asleep.read;wasfalling B.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfalling D.read;fell一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。,,,一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2).He abroadfortenyearsandnowheisusedtothelifeinBeijing.A.haslived2).He abroadfortenyearsandnowheisusedtothelifeinBeijing.A.haslivedB.hadlivedC.livedD.waslivingWhenIwasatcollegeI threeforeignlanguagesbutI allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgotten B.spoke;haveforgotten二者所表示動(dòng)作均發(fā)生在過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生了，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍舊存在。二者所表示動(dòng)作均發(fā)生在過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生了，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍舊存在。信念滿滿Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane .takesoff B.istakingoff C.hastakenoff D.tookoffB:takeoff等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。gotmarriedonlylastweek，spent$3，000morethanhe forthewedding.willplan B.hasplanned C.wouldplan D.hadplannedD解析: 這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)當(dāng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3000美元，超過(guò)了原打算。--Didyouseeamaninblackpassbyjustnow?--No,sir.I anewspaper.read B.wasreading C.wouldread D.amreadingB:“穿黑衣服的人路過(guò)時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)，所以沒(méi)觀察他”知空處要用過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)。IknowalittlebitaboutItalyasmywifeandI thereseveralyearsago.aregoing B.hadbeen C.went D.havebeenC:severalyearsago是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志。--Haveyougotanyjoboffers?--No.I .waited B.hadbeenwaiting C.havewaited D.amwaitingD解析:句意為：“有人給你供給工作了嗎？”“沒(méi)有，我正在等著?！庇矛F(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)表示正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou safely.arearriving B.havearrived C.hadarrived D.willarriveB句意:當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了?！爱?dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了”B選項(xiàng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成，譯為“已經(jīng)……”。同時(shí)也可以使用排解法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展will+doAD同時(shí)排解，C為過(guò)去完CB.--Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.--Iknow.Bynextmonth,he enoughforausedone.saves B.saved C.willsave D.willhavesavedD解析:考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——Tommy將打算買車。——我知道，到下個(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了?！眀ynextmonth是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，nextmonth之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間nextD。--Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.--Yeah,it usawholeweektogetthere.takes B.hastaken C.took D.wastakingC解析:考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——那肯定是長(zhǎng)途旅行?！堑模覀兓恕眒usthavedone是對(duì)過(guò)去確實(shí)定推想，提示AB，Dwastaking進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)，C。WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshe there.hadbeenlying B.