中考英語人教版語法專項復習 專題一 名詞

中考英語人教版專項復習專題一名詞目錄01.解析02.模擬考題01解析圖解語法考點1

名詞的數(shù)可數(shù)名詞1.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前可以加冠詞a或ana

university一所大學

an

hour一個小時2.可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式的構成規(guī)則（1）一般名詞后直接加-s,

如：doctor→doctors醫(yī)生（2）以-s,

-x,

-ch,

-sh結尾的名詞后加-es,如：bus→buses公共汽車

box→boxes盒子

（3）以"輔音字母+-y"結尾的名詞，變y為i再加-es,如：baby→babies嬰兒

study→studies書房

（4）以"元音字母+-y"結尾的名詞，直接加-s,如：boy→boys男孩

day→days天key→keys鑰匙

（5）以-f或-fe結尾的名詞，大多數(shù)變f或fe為v再加-es,如：leaf→leaves葉子

knife→knives刀（6）以-o結尾的名詞,有些加-s，有些加-es，如：photo→photos照片

hero→heroes英雄tomato→tomatoes西紅柿3.可數(shù)名詞的不規(guī)則復數(shù)形式（1）一些可數(shù)名詞的單、復數(shù)不同形。如：child→children孩子

man→men男人mouse→mice老鼠

foot→feet腳（2）一些可數(shù)名詞的單、復數(shù)同形。如：sheep羊

fish魚

deer鹿tooth→teeth牙齒不可數(shù)名詞

有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞，但詞義不同。1chicken可數(shù)雞不可數(shù)雞肉2glass可數(shù)玻璃杯不可數(shù)玻璃3paper可數(shù)報紙；試卷不可數(shù)紙4experience可數(shù)經(jīng)歷不可數(shù)經(jīng)驗5room可數(shù)房間不可數(shù)空間6time可數(shù)次數(shù)；倍數(shù)不可數(shù)時間7work可數(shù)作品不可數(shù)工作8exercise可數(shù)習題不可數(shù)鍛煉續(xù)表考點2

名詞所有格-'s所有格的用法類型構成示例單數(shù)名詞一般在詞尾加-'sJack's

teacher杰克的老師yesterday's

news昨天的新聞以-s結尾的專有名詞，在詞尾加-'s或-'James's/James'

book詹姆斯的書類型構成示例復數(shù)名詞以-s結尾的加-'ten

hours'

ride十小時的車程three

years'

work三年的工作不以-s結尾的加-'schildren's

books童書women's

clothes女裝續(xù)表（1）表示兩人或多人共有時，只在最后一個名詞后加-'s;表示各自所有時，每個名詞后均加-'s。如：①Paul

and

Mark's

mother保羅和馬克的媽媽（兩人有同一個母親）②Paul's

and

Mark's

mothers保羅的媽媽和馬克的媽媽（兩人有各自的母親）（2）表示店鋪、公司、學校、醫(yī)院或某人的家時，所有格后的名詞常省略。如：①I

came

over

to

Peter's,

but

he

was

at

his

uncle's.

我去了彼得家，但他在他叔叔家。②He

has

just

been

back

from

the

shoemaker's.

他剛從鞋店回來。of所有格的用法

of所有格主要用于表示無生命事物的名詞的所有關系，其結構為of+名詞。如：

the

end

of

the

week周末

the

use

of

water水的使用

有時-'s所有格可與of所有格互換。如：the

school's

rules=the

rules

of

the

school學校規(guī)定雙重所有格的用法構成示例of+-'sstudents

of

Mr.

Li's李老師的學生of+名詞性物主代詞that

report

of

yours你的那篇報告雙重所有格與一般所有格所表達的意思有所不同。如：①This

is

a

picture

of

Mr.

Li's.

這是李先生的一張照片。（指李先生所擁有的一張照片，但不一定是他本人的照片）②This

is

a

picture

of

Mr.

Li.

這是李先生的一張照片。（指李先生本人的照片）考點3

名詞詞義辨析

安徽中考對名詞詞義辨析的考查主要呈現(xiàn)如下兩個特點：以語境為依托

請根據(jù)所給語境，結合加黑關鍵詞試練下面的題目：1.Don't

tell

Mom

about

this

present.

I

want

to

give

her

a

___.BA.speech

B.surprise

C.sense

D.secret2.If

you

make

a（n）___,

you

must

follow

it,

or

you

won't

be

trusted

by

others.DA.mistake

B.excuse

C.speech

D.promise3.As

the

"mother

river

of

China",

the

Yellow

River

is

the

___

of

the

spirit

of

the

Chinese

people.AA.symbol

B.background

C.dream

D.success4.The

little

boy

is

missing

and

his

parents

are

worried

about

his

___

very

much.DA.happiness

B.future

C.health

D.safety5.—Studying

for

tests

makes

you

tired;

studying

for

your

own

___

makes

you

successful.—That's

true.

We

should

try

to

discover

the

fun

of

study.DA.subject

B.secret

C.problem

D.pleasure融入中國元素［2023.77；2021.25］

請根據(jù)所給語境，結合加黑關鍵詞試練下面的題目：6.Chinese

poetry

is

an

important

part

of

fine

traditional

Chinese

culture.

With

its

wide

___,

more

fine

traditional

Chinese

culture

will

be

introduced

to

the

world.BA.wish

B.spread

C.road

D.victory7.The

idiom（成語）

"Mengzi's

mother

makes

three

moves"

tells

of

a

mother

who

did

all

she

could

to

provide

the

best

___

for

her

child.CA.experience

B.instruction

C.environment

D.information8.The

saying

"One

tree

can't

make

a

forest"

tells

us

the

___

of

teamwork.AA.importance

B.effort

C.pride

D.purpose9.—Dad,

it's

difficult

for

me

to

clean

the

whole

yard

on

my

own.—Why

not

ask

your

brother

for

help?

Many

___make

light

work.DA.lessons

B.teams

C.choices

D.hands語境小測Ⅰ.單項填空1.—Lucy,

how

about

going

to

the

___?—Sounds

great!

Reading

books

can

give

us

much

pleasure.AA.library

B.cinema

C.museum

D.concert2.My

grandma

is

good

at

paper-cutting.

She

can

cut

out

pictures

in

the

___

of

cartoon

characters.CA.ability

B.weight

C.shape

D.quality3.Teachers

sometimes

work

as

a（n）

___to

help

you

out

and

lead

your

life

to

the

right

way.DA.officer

B.musician

C.engineer

D.guide4.—Kids

often

feel

better

in

a

happy

family.—That's

true.

A

happy

family

provides

a

loving

___

for

its

children.DA.expression

B.introduction

C.instruction

D.environment5.—Why

could

you

write

so

well?—I

read

a

lot,

and

the

works

of

Ernest

Hemingway

had

a

strong

___

on

me

as

a

child.DA.relationship

B.explanation

C.situation

D.influenceⅡ.單詞拼寫1.I've

put

a

m_____（記號）

on

the

map

where

I

think

we

should

go

for

a

picnic.ark2.Students

are

encouraged

to

develop

a

good

h_____（習慣）

of

lifelong

learning.abit3.The

singer

is

good

at

playing

the

g______（吉他）and

making

wonderful

music.uitar4.P______（稱贊）,

like

sunlight,

helps

all

things

to

grow.raise5.No

smoking

in

public

places

is

good

for

people's

h_______（健康）.ealth語篇提升

閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。plan

interest

train

surprisecity

tourist

house

people

It

was

the

fifth

day

of

our

Italian

journey.

Dad

offered

to

take

us

to

the

ancient

city

of

Pompeii.

I

didn't

really

want

to

go

because

I

had

no

1.________

in

old

cities.interest

We

went

there

by

2.______.

On

the

way,

Dad

told

us

about

the

history.

Many

years

ago,

Pompeii

was

a

large

city

near

a

volcano（火山）.

The

volcano

broke

out

and

completely

covered

the

3._____

in

ashes（灰燼）.Thousands

of

4._______

were

killed.

But

the

buildings

remained

there.

Now,

many

5.________

come

here

to

see

them.

I

had

thought

it

was

boring

to

visit

those

old

6._______,

but

I

was

wrong.

They

were

interesting!

Most

of

their

rooms

had

fine

paintings.

Dad

usually

makes

bad

7.______

but

this

time

he

gets

it

right,

finally.

What

a

8._________!

I

got

really

interested

in

Pompeii.traincitypeopletouristshousesplanssurprise02模擬考題Ⅰ.單項填空1.[2023福建中考改編]

—How

is

the

___

today?—It's

hot.

You

don't

need

to

wear

the

coat.AA.weather

B.traffic

C.price

D.role2.[2023廣西中考改編]

My

mother

is

a

___

in

Zhongshan

Hospital.

She

has

saved

many

people's

lives.BA.singer

B.doctor

C.writer

D.cleaner3.[2023合肥瑤海區(qū)一模]

—You

look

pretty

well!—I've

changed

a

lot

by

developing

good

life

___

and

doing

more

exercise.DA.tasks

B.choices

C.grades

D.habits4.［原創(chuàng)新題］Pandas

are

China's

national

___

and

they

stand

for

peace

and

friendship.BA.heroes

B.treasures

C.matters

D.interests5.［原創(chuàng)新題］Don't

make

a

___

any

more.

I'm

really

tired

of

tidying

up

after

you.CA.promise

B.change

C.mess

D.wish6.Both

happiness

and

pain

are

___

in

life.

They

bring

us

valuable

life

experience.AA.wealth

B.trouble

C.danger

D.inventionⅡ.單詞拼寫1.A

country

will

be

full

of

h_____（希望）

and

will

have

a

bright

future

when

its

people

have

dreams

and

abilities.ope2.Chinese

characters（漢字）

play

an

important

r____（角色）

in

passing

on

Chinese

language

and

culture.ole3.Over

the

years,

gongbao

chicken

has

become

one

of

the

most

popular

d

______（菜肴）

in

Chinese

restaurants

throughout

the

world.ishes4.Life

is

always

full

of

b______（美）

as

long

as

you

watch

carefully.eauty5.The

Book

of

Poetry,the

earliest

collection

of

poems,

is

of

great

value

in

Chinese

h_______（歷史）.istory語篇填空

請根據(jù)首字母、漢語提示及短文內容寫出所缺單詞。

22-year-old

Michael

has

become

an

example

of

young

people

because

of

his

story

of

1.s_______（成功）.

He

was

born

in

a

very

poor

family

with

five

people.

When

he

was