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AppendixI

KeytoExercises(Units1-8)

Unitl

PartIPre-ReadingTask

Scriptfortherecording:

Waysoflearningisthetopicofthisunit.Itisalsothetopicofthesongyouareabouttolisten

to,calledTeachYourChildrensungbyCrosby,StillsandNash.

TeachYourChildren

Crosby,StillsandNash

You,whoareontheroad,

Mustnaveacodethatyoucanliveby.

Andso,becomeyourselr,

Becausethepastisjustagoodbye.

Teachyourchildrenwell,

Theirlather'shelldidslowlygoby.

Andreedthemonyourdreams.

Theonetheypicks,theoneyoullmowby.

Don'tyoueverashthemwhy,irtheytoldyou,youwillcry,Sojustlook

atthemandsighandknowtheyloveyou.

AppendixI-93-

Andyou,oitenderyears,

Can'tknowtherearsthatyoureldersgrewby.

Anasopleasehelpthemwithyouryouth,

Theyseekthetruthbeforetheycandie.

Teacbyourparentswell,

Tbcirchildren'sbellwillslowlygoby.

Andreedthemonyourdreams,

Tbeonetheypicks,tbeoneyou'llknowby.

Dontyoueveraskthemwhy,irtheytoldyou,youwillcry,Sojust

lookatthemandsighandknowtheyloveyou.

Thefirstpartofdiesongisabouthowparentscaninspiretheirchildrenthroughsharingwith

themtheirdreams,theirhopesforabetterlife.Itstartswithadviceonhowyouneedasetofrules,"a

codediatyoucanliveby,"toguideyouontheroadoflife.Onlythenwillyoubeabletofullyrealise

allthatiswithinyouand"becomeyourself."Therefore,parentsneedtoteachtheirchildrenwell.

Andchildren—“youoftenderyears"—alsohavesomethingtoteachtheirparents,fbr

learningisnotaone-waystreet.Childrenshouldsharetheirowndreamswiththeirparentssothat

youngandoldcangettounderstandeachotiierbetter.

Thatsaid,oneshouldnotgotoofar.Forsomethingsareperhapsbetterleftunsaidbetween

parentsandchildren."Don'tyoueveraskthemwhy,iftheytoldyou,youwillcry.”Atsuchmo-

mentsallthatthereislefttodoistolookatoneanotherandsigh,happyineachotiiefslove.

PartIITextA

TextOrganization

1.1)Thetextbeginswithananecdote/incident.

2)HisthoughtsaremainlyaboutdifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandtheWest.

3)Theendwindsupthetextwithasuggestionindieformofaquestion.

PointsforComparison/ContrastChineseAmericans

1)waystolearntoaccomplishataskshowachildhowtodoteachchildrenthatthey

something,orteachbyshouldrelyonthemselves

holdinghishandforsolutionstoproblems

94-AppoidixI

2)attitudestocreativityandskillsgivegreaterprioritytode-putmoreemphasisonfos-

velopingskillsatanearlyteringcreativityinyoung

age,believingcreativitychildren,thinkingskillscan

canbepromotedovertimebepickeduplater

Vocabulary

1)insert2)onoccasion

3)investigate4)Inretrospect

5)initial6)phenomena

7)attached8)makeupfor

9)isawaiting10)exception

11)not...intheleast12)promote

13)workingon14)induecourse

15)emerged

1)Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthestandardoflivinginthenorthofthecountryand

thesouth.

2)Naturalfiberissaidtobesuperiortosyntheticfiber.

3)Thecity'simportanceasafinancialcenterhasevolvedslowly.

4)Hisnationalityisnotrelevanttowhetherheisagoodlawyer.

5)Thepoemsbyalittle-knownsixteenth-centuryItalianpoethavefoundtheirwayintosome

Englishmagazines.

3.1)Chineseisn'tasubjectthatcanbepickedupinamonth.Youcantaccomplishyourgoal

ofmasteringthelanguageunlessyouworkatitforyears.Well,itsoundsasifFm

exaggeratingthedifficulties,butthefactisI'monlytellingthetruth.

2)Theprincipalissomewhatdisappointedwiththeperformanceofthechildren.Fromwhat

shehasgathered,someoftheteachingstaffhaveneglectedtheirpupils.Shehasjust

announcedthatstrictworkregulationshavebeenmadeandthattheyapplytobothChinese

andoverseasteachers.

3)Theteacher-directedandthechild-directedapproachestoteachingartrepresenttwoex-

tremesofopinion.Toomanyteacher-directedactivitiescannotbeexpectedtoeffectively

assisLchildreninlearningbecauseoftherigidstructure.Ontheotherhand,toomany

child-directedactivitiesmayseeacurriculumthatistotallyunstructuredandoutofcon-

trol.Therearevalidreasonstobelieveateacher-guidedapproachwouldbeasuperiorway

AppendixI-95-

toguidechildren'sdevelopment.Thisapproachcombinessomeformofstructurewiththe

childleadingthedirection.

ILConfusableWords

1.2)continuous

1)continual4)continuous

3)continual

22)principal

1)principal

3)principle4)principles

5)principal

III.Usage

1.themselves2.himself/herself

3.herselfTbyherselfYonherown4.itself

5.ourselves6.yourself/byyourself/onyourown

Structure

1.1)Simon*sill—somuchsothathecan*tgetoutofbed.

2)Sheherselfbelievedinfreedom,somuchsothatshewouldratherdiethanlivewithoutit.

3)Pilesofworkhavekeptusbusy—somuchsothatwecan'tmanagetotakeaholidaythis

year.

4)Manycontestantslaterfaileddrugtests,somuchsothattheracehadtobererun.

2.1)Assuming(that)thispaintingreallyisaPicasso

2)Assuming(that)theproposalisaccepted

3)assuming,ofcourse,thatshe'spreparedtolisten

4)Evenassuming(that)smokersdoseethehealthwarnings

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Cloze

(A)

1.contrast2.exaggerating

3.priority4.ontheotherhand

5.promoting6.pickup

7.assist8.accomplish

9.onoccasion10.neglecting

-96-AppendixI

11.worthwhile12.superior

(B)

1.to2.affect/influence

3.others4.each/them

5.without6.controlled

7.about8.value

9.They10.little

11.right12.but

13.in14.what

15.worth16.and

II.Translation

IconsideritworthwhiletryingtosummarizeourexperienceinlearningEnglish.HereI

wouldliketomakethreerelevantpoints.

First,widereadingshouldbetakenasapriorityinthelearningprocess,becauseitisthrough

readingthatwegetthemostlanguageinput.Next,learningbyheartasmanywell-writtenessays

aspossibleisalsoveryimportant.Ontheonehand,roteleaming/leamingbyroteisindeedoflittle

help,butontheotherhand,memorization/learningbyheartwithagoodunderstandingwillcer-

tainlybeofbenefit/dogoodtous.Withanenormousstoreofexcellentessaysinourheads,we

willfinditmucheasiertoexpressourselvesinEnglish.Finally,itiscriticalthatweshouldput

whatwehavelearnedintopractice.Bydoingmorereading,writing,listeningandspeaking,we

willbeabletoaccomplishthetaskofperfectingourEnglish.

PartIIITextB

ComprehensionCheck

1.c2.c

3.d4.a

5.c6.b

Translation

(#jaAppendixIII)

AppendixI-97-

LanguagePractice

1.adopt

2.account

3.plus

4.endedup

5.furthermore

6.fund

7.annual

8.keepingtrackof

9.pace

10.intends

11.ondemand

12.devise

13.perspective

14.undoubtedly

15.fellapart

16.protest

17.access

18.resources

19.deposit

20.fromyourpointofview

PartIVTheme-RelatedLanguageLearningTasks

Modelpaper

HowILearnatCollege

IwenttoschoolinasmalltownnearChengduandnowIamstudyinglawatFudanUniversity

inShanghai.Passingfromonetotheotheryouhavetogetusedtomanynewthings,nottheleast

beingthedifferentwayoflearning.

AtschoolIfoundmytimetablefullthroughouttheday.Onelessoncamecloseontheheelsof

anotherwithlittletimetocallone*sown.Atuniversity,incontrast,onlyafewhoursofeachdayare

takenupwithclassesorlectures.Inthetimemadeavailableyouareexpectedtolearnonyourown.

Whenandwhereisuptoyou.Atthesametimewhatyouaremeanttolearnshiftsfrommemorizing

massesoffactstodevelopinganabilitytounderstandtheoriesandpresentarguments.Thereare,of

course,stillfactstobelearned.Oneshouldnotexaggeratethedifferences.Nevertheless,learningat

universitycertainlyteachesmegreaterself-relianceandtothinkformyself.(169words)

-9&-AppendixI

Unit2

PartIPre-ReadingTask

Scriptfortherecording:

YouhaveheardaboutAbrahamLincoln,the16thpresidentoftheUnitedStates,haven'tyou?He

camefromapoorfamily,butrosetobecomeoneofthemostfondlyrememberedpresidentsinhis

country'shistory.Therearemanystoriesabouthim.Hereisoneofthem.

WhenAbrahamLincolnwasyoungheworkedinastore.Asaclerkheprovedhonestand

efficient.Onedayawomancameintothestoreandboughtsomearticles.Theyaddeduptotwo

dollarsandsixandaquartercents,ortheyoungclerkthoughttheydid.Thebillwaspaid,andthe

womanwasentirelysatisfied.Buttheyoungstore-keeper,notfeelingquitesureastotheaccuracyof

hiscalculation,addeduptheitemsoncemore.Tohisdismayhefoundthatthesumtotalshouldhave

beenonlytwodollars."Fvemadeherpaysixandaquartercentstoomuch,"saidAbe,disturbed.It

wasaverysmallsum,andmanyclerkswouldhavedismisseditassuch.ButAbewastooconscien-

tioustoforgetabouttheovercharge.

"Themoneymustbepaidback,"hedecided.Thiswouldhavebeeneasyenoughhadthe

womanlivedjustaroundthecomer,but,astheyoungmanknew,shelivedtwoorthreemilesaway.

This,however,didnotalterthematter.Itwasnight,butheclosedandlockedthestore,andwalked

tothehomeofhiscustomer.Havingarrivedthere,heexplainedthematter,paidoverthesixanda

quartercents,andreturnedsatisfied.Thisanecdotewonhimanewname:HonestAbe.

AfpoxiixI-99-

PartIITextA

lextOrganization

1.

PartsParagraphsMainIdeas

PartOneParas1-4ThewaiterwasdisappointedtofindthattheRichest

ManinAmericaledsosimplealife.

PartTwoParas5-13Beingfriendly,easy-goingandneverflashy,Walton

carriesonlikeplainfolksandneverwantsanyspecial

treatment.

PartThreeParas14-22WiththeWal-Martteaminmind,Waltondevotes

himselfheartandsoultomakingthebusinessagreat

success.

2CharacterTraitsDetails

1)freeofself-importancewaitsinlinelikeeveryoneelsetobuyshellsatthe

localWal-Mart;hasnoreservedseatinchurch

2)friendlyandeasy-goingaskshisemployeestocallhimbyhisfirstname

3)neverflashysteersclearofreporters,dreamers,andschemers;

managestokeephimselfoffthefrontpage

4)hardworkingattendssalesmeetings,theexecutivepeprally

5)generoussetupacollegescholarshipfundandadisaster

relieffund

Vocabulary

I.1.1)local2)headlines

3)deserved4)folks

5)system6)steerclearof

7)remote8)getawaywith

-100-Appendix

I

9)openup10)holdto

11)retire12)rally

13)reserved14)qualify

15)cultivate

2.1)Theseseriousproblemsdeservecarefulconsiderationinrestructuringoureducationalsys-

tems.

2)Thecollegeisliabletostopherscholarshipbecauseofherfailureinthefinalexamination.

3)SanFranciscois,byallaccounts,acityeasytofallinlovewith.

4)SnowWhitereceivedsuchbadtreatmentfromherstep-motherthatshehadtofleefrom

herhome.

5)TheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicomakeupNorthAmerica.

3.1)Theprincipal'sdaughterdidn'treceivespecialtreatmentfi*omherteachers.Shewasre-

wardedforherexcellentperformance.Whenshegraduatedfromhighschoolin1998,she

hadstraightA*sandscholarshipoffersfromsomeofthemostfamousuniversitiesinthe

country.

2)Ourbossisfullyawarethathisemployeesfeelalotofloyaltytothecompanybecausethey

aretreatedright.Besidesahandsomepaycheckandastockoption,hehaslaiddowna

systemunderwhichemployeesaregrantedstockfortheirretirement.

3)Youareliabletobeofferedadiscountorareductiononthingsyoubuyattheloc3super-

marketonweekends.

II.Collocation

1.about2.for

3.at/on

5.with4.into

7.from6.to

8.with

III.Usage

1.asavingsaccount2.armsrace

3.agoodstrain4.communicationsequipment

5.asalestax6.acustomsofficer

7.acurrentaffairsprogram8.aclothesshop

AppendixI-101-

Struclurc

1.1)Onlybyrewardingsuccesscanyoubringoutthebestinyouremployees.

2)OnlybyworkingateveningsandweekendswasMaryabletocompletethereportbythe

deadline.

3)OnlywhenImyselfbecameamotherdidIrealizethevalueofmyparents*advice.

4)Onlyaftertheyhadfinishedwatchingthefootballgamedidtheybegintoprepareforthemath

examination.

2.1)Theyoungwomandescribedtothepolicementhewaythemanranuptoherandgrabbedthe

bagfromherhand.

2)AllthepeopleworkingforSamWaltonadmirethewayhemanagesWal-Martandthewayhe

treatshisemployees.

3)Theneighborsweredisgustedatthewayhetalkedtohisoldfather.

4)It'samazingthewaytheeight-year-oldboymanagedtostaysocalmwhenhefacedthe

emergency.

ComprehensiveExercises

(A)

1.cheerful2.threwhisweightaround

3.executive4.treatment

5.reward6.cultivate

7.loyalty8.stock

9.qualified10.scholarships

11.folks12.local

(B)

1.from2.their

3.spent4.away

5.through6.to

7.built8.who

9.led/lived10.it

11.millionaires12.then

13.answer14.wealth

15.by16.character

-102-AppendixI

ILTranslation

Georgewasontherunsincethemomenthecameaboard.Hewasalwayscheerfuland

devotedhimselfheartandsoultohiswork.Becauseofhisexcellentperformancehewaspro-

motedtoCEO.Fromthenonhetriedhardtoblendinwiththeworkersandneverthrewhis

weightaround.Healsolaiddown/introducedarewardsystemtoencouragetheworkerstowork

hard.Hebelievedthatloyaltyandhardworkwouldgreatlycontributetothesuccessofthe

company.Byallaccountshewasanoutstandingchiefexecutiveofficer.

PartIIITextB

ComprehensionCheck

l.c2.b

3.a4.d

5,d6.c

Translation

(#JEAppendixIII)

LanguagePractice

1.replace2.take...on

3.selected4.involved

5.conducted6.range

7.additional8.tremendous

9.confronted10.call...in

11.crisis12.naturally

13.resolve14.related

15.appealsto16.former

17.Intheopinionof18.oftheirchoice

19.factors20.project

Appendix-103-

1

PartIVTheme-RelatedLanguageLearningTasks

Modelpaper

Informalinvitation

1324ShuiDianRoadShanghai20043421/11/01DearTom,

I'mhavingapartytocelebratemybirthdayinacoupleofweekstimeonSaturday2nd

December,startingatseven.Itwouldbelovelyifyoucouldmakeit,pleaseletmeknowwhether

youcanornot.

Bestwishes,

Bob

Informalacceptance

DearBob,

I'dlovetocometoyourpartyanhelpcelebratyoubirthdayLookforwardtoseeingyou

then.der.

Byefornow,

Tom

-104-AfpendixI

Informalregrets

DearBob,

EdlovetocometoyourpartybutunfortunatelyI'vealreadagreedtomakeavisittomy

y

relativesinSuzhouthatweekendandwon'tbeabletogetaway.3utIyouhavealovely

birthdayandthatwecangettogethersometimesoon.

Alltkahact

Tom

Unit3

PartIPre-ReadingTask

Scriptfortherecording:

HaveyoueverheardaboutthefamousAmericanfolkmusicianBobDylan?Listen,he'saboutto

singyouasongcalledTheTimesTheyAreA-changinz:

TheTimesTheyAreA-Changin'

BobDylan

Comegatherroundpeople

Whereveryouroam

Andadmitthatthewaters

Aroundyounavegrown

Andacceptitthatsoon

You'llbedrenchedtothebone.

Ifyourtimetoyou

AppendixI-105

Isworthsavin,

Thenyoubetterstartswimmin*

Oryou'llsinklikeastone

Forthetimestheyarea-changin1.

Comewritersandcritics

Whoprophesizewithyourpen

Andkeepyoureyeswide

Thechancewon'tcomeagain

Anddon'tspeaktoosoon

Forthewheefsstillinspin

Andthere'snotellin'who

Thatitsnamin,.

Forthelosernow

Willbelatertowin

Forthetimestheyarea-changin'.

Comesenators,congressmen

Pleaseheedthecall

Don'tstandinthedoorway

Don'tblockupthehall

Forhethatgetshurt

Willbehewhohasstalled

There'sabattleoutside

Anditisragin.

It'Hsoonshakeyourwindows

Andrattleyourwalls

Forthetimestheyarea-changin'.

Comemothersandfathers

Throughouttheland

Anddontcriticize

Whatyoucan*tunderstand

Yoursonsandyourdaughters

Arebeyondyourcommand

-106-AppendixI

Youroldroadis

Rapidlyagin'.

Pleasegetoutofthenewone

Ifyoucan'tlendyourhand

Forthetimestheyarea-ckangin'.

Thelineitisdrawn

Thecurseitiscast

Theslowonenow

Willlaterhefast

Asthepresentnow

Willlaterhepast

Theorderis

Rapidlyfadin,.

Andthefirstonenow

Willlaterhelast

Forthetimestheyarea-changin'.

ThesongyouhavejustheardwasalsowrittenbyBobDylanwhenayoungmaninhisearly

twenties.Likemanyayoungmanthroughouttheageshefellmisunderstoodbyhisparents*generation,a

generationhewasquitehappytoblameforalltheillsoftheworld.Hesawagapbetweenyoungandold,

agapmadewiderbydifferentattitudestochange,theyoungwelcomingit,theoldresistingit.But

changeiscomingwhetherwelikeitornot,cominglikeafloodthatnoonecanescape.Soyouhad

better:

...admitthatthewatersaroundyouhavegrown

Andacceptitthatsoonyou'llhedrenchedtothehone.

Forthosewhosejobitistocommentonthenewsandtopredictwhatwillhappennext,welivein

interestingtimes.

ComewritersandcriticsWho

prophesizewithyourpenAndkeep

youreyeswideThechancewon'tcome

again

AppendixI-107-

Buttheyshouldnotbetooquickinpredictingwhatisgoingtohappen.Thewheeloffortuneis

stillspinningandthoseatthebottomofsocietymayfindthemselveslaterrisingup.Andso:

...don'tspeaktoosoonForthe

wheel'sStillinspinAnathere'sno

tellingwhoThatit'snamingForthe

losernowWillhe

latertowin

ManyofDylan'searlysongswere,likethisone,protestsongs,songsaimedagainstinjustice.

Andsohewarnspoliticiansnottostandinthewayofthosewhoarefightingforjustice,afightthat

will

...soonshakeyourwindowsAndrattleyourwalls.

Heseeshisparent'sgenerationastooreadytocriticizetheirchildrenandunabletounderstand

theirhopesanddreams:

Comemothersandlathers

ThroughoutthelandAnddon't

criticizeWhatyoudon't

understand

Dylanseestheoldergeneration'swayofdoingthingsasoutdated.Iftheyareunwillingto

changetheirwaysthentheyshouldstepasideandletanewgenerationtakeover.Ashesaystothem:

Youroldroadis

Rapidlyagin

Pleasegetoutofthenewone

Ifyoucan'tlendyourhand

Forthetimestheyarea-changin'

-106-AppendixI

PartIITextA

TextOrganization

No.Settings

1Afast-foodrestaurant

2TheThompsonfamilydiningroom

3Anofficeatahighschool

2.

ScenesMainIdeas

SceneOneFatherembarrassedSeanbytalkingtooproudlytothe

restaurantManager.

SceneTwoFatherembarrassedDianebypersuadingawork-mate

intopressinghissontoaskhertotheseniorprom.

SceneThreeFatherembarrassedHeidibyboastingtoanofficialof

hernewschoolabouthowbrightshewas.

Vocabulary

I.1.1)swallow2)dumb

3)Overall4)glorious

5)welfare6)repeatedly

7)interference8)fading

9)junior10)frank

11)distract12)atanyrate

13)hasnarroweddown14)inunison

15)hascomeover

2.1)Thesecuritycouncilconsistsoffivegeneralsandfourpoliceofficers.

2)Thenewhotelwillbeinalocationoverlookingthelake.

AppendixI-109-

3)Iwasembarrassedbyhercommentsaboutmyclothes.

4)DoyouhaveanyproofthatitwasHenrywhostolethecomputer?

5)Theboywasexhaustedafterthelongcycleride.

3.1)Thatexceptionalstampwashandeddownbyyourgrandfather,andisworthafortune.

Youshouldhaveknownbetterthantotradeitforafewdrinks.

2)Companyexecutivesarealwayslookingoutfbrtalentedcollegegraduatestohireasjunior

employees.

3)