山東省濰坊市五縣市2022-2023學(xué)年高三10月統(tǒng)考英語試題（含聽力）

20222023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高三英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whowillprobablygettheoldchair?A.Theladyinblack. B.Themaninred. C.Themaninblue.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatisthebidforthisbeautifuloldchair?Ah,Isee100yuanfromthemaninred.Now200yuanfromtheladyinblack.Andsir,themaninblue,whatisyourbid?M:Iwillbid300yuanforit.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoweknowabouttheshirt?A.Itneedstobeironed B.Itisbeingwashednow. C.Itisstillinthelaundrybasket.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ismybestshirtclean,honey?IthoughtIthrewitinthelaundrybasketyesterday.Ineeditforworktoday.W:It’swashed,butithasatonofwrinkles.Icanhaveitreadyinabout10minutes.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whoisthemanspeakingto?A.Anoldlady. B.Asmallchild. C.Adisabledwoman【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Wouldyoulikemetohelpyoudownthestairs?Theycanbealittledifficultforsomepeople.W:No,Icanmanagemyself.Istillhaveafewgoodyearsleftinme.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdidthemandolastyear?A.Hewonapetition.B.Heworkedasavolunteer.C.Heenjoyedsomeexhibitions.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iwanttovolunteeratthesciencefairthisyear.Ishouldhavedoneitlastyear,butIwantedtolookaroundattheotherexhibitions.W:Well,they’lldefinitelyacceptyou,sinceyouwonthepetitiontwoyearsago.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmanytimeshasthemanseenthesinger?A.Once. B.Twice. C.Threetimes.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:ThatsingeryoulikeisperformingatthestadiuminJanuary.Areyougoing?M:I’dliketo,buttheticketsaresoexpensiveandIdidseehiminLondonandBirmingham.W:YoualsosawhiminManchester.Wewentwithyou.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whydidthewomandecidetotakethedancelessonfinally?A.Herfriendpersuadedher.B.Sheovercameherfearonherown.C.Shesaweveryonehavingagoodtime.7.Howmanykindsofdancedoesthewomanmention?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Didyougotoyourdancelessonthisevening?W:Yes,butIalmostdidn’t.M:Why?W:Iwasafraidthateveryonewouldlaughatme.Butthosedancersareverygood.M:Yes.Butdidyoufinallyovereyourfear?W:Iwouldn’thavebeenabletoonmyown,butjustasIwasturningtoleave,anoldfriendcameovertome.Hemademepromisetostay.M:So,didyoulearnanything?W:Yeah,Ilearnedhowtodoeverythingfromthetangotothepolka.M:Whatwasyourfavorite?W:Thewaltz!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhichclassdidTomattendtoday?A.Physics. B.Geometry. C.Chemistry.9.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.Heknowslittleaboutthemoon.B.Heisafreshmaninhighschool.C.Heshowslittleinterestintheclass.10.Whoisthewomanintheconversation?A.Ascientist. B.Tom’steacher. C.Tom’smother.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatdidyoulearninclasstoday,Tom?M:Welearnedabouthowthingsmoveandthevariationsthatmakethemmovedifferently.W:IthoughtyouhadgeometryonWednesdays.Thissoundsplicatedforthefirstyearhighschoolstudents.M:Weusuallydohavegeometry,butaspecialspeakercameintoday.Besides,itisn’tnearlyashardasthechemistryclassonThursday.W:Sowhatdidyoulearn?M:Well,thescientistthatcameintoldusallabouthowspeedandweightchangethewaythatthingsinteractwithourworld.ButhewassurprisedwhenIaskedmyquestionaboutsomethingelse.W:Whatdidyouaskabout?M:IrememberedalongtimeagowhenyouandDadtoldmeaboutgravity.Weweretalkingaboutthemoonandhowpeoplecanjumpreallyhighthere.SoIaskedhimwhatthedifferencewouldbebetweenoneobjecthereandonthemoon.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whywillthemangototheparkinglot?A.Tofetchhiswallet. B.Toappreciatepaintings. C.Tofindthemainentrance.12.Wheredoesthewomanusuallyeat?A.Inacafe. B.Inagrocerystore. C.Inarestaurant.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Colleague. C.Classmate.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,canyoushowmethewaytothemainentrance?IthinkIdroppedmywalletintheparkinglot.W:Yes,gopasttheRenaissancepaintingsandturnintotheroomwiththe20thcenturyart.You’llseealonghallway.Walkdownthathallwaytothestairsattheend.Godowntwoflightsofstairstothefirstfloor.Turnright,andtheentranceisjustpasttheelevators.M:Thankyou.WillthesecurityguardletmeinagainafterIleavethebuilding?W:Sinceyou’vealreadyboughtaticketjustgetyourhandstampedatthefrontdesk.Thatway,youcangoinandoutasmanytimesasyouwantbeforeclosing.M:Great!Oh,onemorething…Doyouknowofagoodplacetoeataroundhere?W:There’sacaféinthelowerlevelofthemuseum.M:Iknow,butit’stooexpensive.Anythingoutsideofthemuseum?W:Well,IusuallygototheVietnameserestaurantacrossthestreet.Butthegrocerystorearoundthecornerisevencheaper.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanwantthegirltoeat?A.Steaks. B.Chicken. C.Hamburgers.15.Whatisthemainreasonforthegirlgivingupmeat?A.Tosaveanimals. B.Toimproveherhealth. C.Toprotecttheenvironment.16.Howmanyclassmateofthegirl’sgaveupmeat?A.Three. B.Four. C.Six.17.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Inacanteen. C.Inasupermarket.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.A【解析】【原文】M:Eatyourmeat.Chickenisgoodforyou.W:IhavedecidedIamgoingtostopeatingmeat.M:What,inthemiddleofdinner?Whyareyoudoingthat?W:MainlybecauseIdonotthinkthatanimalsshouldsuffertoprovideuswithfood.M:Butwhataboutyourhealth?W:Ihavereadthatitishealthiernottoeatmeat.Also,keepingfarmanimalsisbadfortheenvironment.M:Butwon’tyoumisseatinganicesteakorahamburger?W:Idon’tthinkso.Myfriendshaven’t.M:Soitisn’tjustyou?Howmanyofyouaredoingthis?W:Itstartedwithonegirlinmyclass.Thenanotherthreejoinedher.NowI’vedecidedIwillgiveupmeataswell.M:Whataboutmilk,eggsandbutter?Theyallefromanimals.W:Idon’tmindhavingmilkorbutter.Theydon’tdoanyharm.M:Well,wecan’tmakeseparatemealsforyou.Youwilljusthavetoeatthevegetablesandnotthemeat.W:That’sOK.Imightevenmakemyownmealssometimes.M:Doyouthinkyouwillstickwithit?W:Idon’tthinkIwillevereatmeatagain—andIthinkIwillbealothealthierforit.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhichisDirectorJonFavreau’searliestfilm?A.TheLionKing. B.TheJungleBook. C.IronMan.19.WhatisuniqueaboutTheJungleBook?A.Itintroducerealanimals. B.Itfeaturednewmusic. C.Itisallfilmedindoors.20.WhatdosomeearlyreviewssayaboutthenewversionofTheLionKing?A.Itisverysimilartotheoriginal.B.Itisnotthesamestoryastheoriginal.C.Thevoiceactorsarebetterintheoriginal.【答案】18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Accordingtopeopleinsidethemovieindustry,thisyear’sremakeofTheLionKingbees“thebiggestmovieeventofthedecade”.Mostofus—nomatterhowoldweare—haveseenorheardofthe1994originalcartoonmovie.Audiencesfellinlovewiththeadorablecharacters,memorablemusic,andmovingstory.Justthreeyearslater,itbecameanawardwinningmusicalplay.ThenthebrilliantJonFavreaucameintothepicture.First,hehadamazingsuccesswithhisreimaginingofthecartoonbookIronMan.Later,hewasaskedtodothesamewithTheJungleBook,anotherfamousDisneycartoon.Inthismovie,heworkedwiththeMovingPicturepanytocreatesomethingthathadn’tbeendonebefore.Theycreatedmovingandtalkinganimalsinsidearealisticanddetailedenvironmentwithoutleavingthestudio.ThefinalproductwassowellreceivedthatDisneyimmediatelyaskedhimtoremakeTheLionKing.Thenewversion,whichcameoutinJuly2019,usesallofthesametechnologytocreatearealisticAfricanenvironment.Butmostimportantly,earlyreviewssayitremainstruetotheoriginal.Itfeaturesallthesamemusic,followsthesamestory,andevenstarsoneoftheoriginalvoiceactors.However,noteveryonegavepositivereviews.Somereviewerssaidtheyexpectedalittlemorecreativityinsteadofanexactcopyofthe1994version.Well,Iguessyoucan’tpleaseeveryone.Butyoucanbetthatwhateverhappens,it’sgoingtomakealotofmoney.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOurEasiestJitterbugPhoneEverTheJitterbug*flipfromthemakesoftheoriginaleasytousecellphone,hasbigbuttonsandanuniqueUrgentResponsebuttononthekeypad.EasytoUseToday,cellphonedarehardtohear,difficulttodialandoverloadedwithfeatureyoumayneveruse.That’snotthecasewiththeJitterbug*Flip2.Alargescreen,bigbuttonsandonetouchspeeddialingmakeiteasytocallfamilyandfriendsandthepowerfulspeakerensureeveryconversationwillbeloudandclear.EasytoEnjoyWhereveryougo,abuiltincameramakesiteasyandfunforyoutocaptureandshareyourfavoritememories.Plus,theflashlightandbuiltinmagnified(放大鏡)helpyouseeindarkareasEasytoBePreparedLifehasawayofbeingunpredictable,butyoucanbepreparedinanuncertainorunsafesituationwithUrgentResponseService.SimplypresstheUrgentResponsebuttontospeakwithahighlytrainedagentwhocanconfirmyourlocation,evaluateyoursituationandgetyouthehelpyouneed.FlexibleandAffordablePlansTheJitterbug*Flip2isoneofthemostaffordablecellphoneonthemarketandeswithreliablenationwidecoverage.Withnolongtermcontractsorcancellationfeds,youcanswitchplansanytime.100minutes10￠pertext300minutes7￠pertext500minutes4￠pertextUnlimitedminutesUnlimitedtextsThephoneisavailableinstoreoronlineatlively./flip.Ifyouwanttolearnmore,call1.866.490.3411.21.WhatmakestheJitterbug*Flip2helpyououtofdanger?A.Alargescreen. B.Thepowerfulspeaker.C.Abuildincamera. D.TheUrgentResponsebutton.22.Whichplansuitsyoubestifyouneedtosendshortmessagesfrequently?A. B.C. D.23.Wherecanthetextprobablybefound?A.Inamagazine. B.anatextbook.C.Inanacademicpaper. D.Inanewsreport.【答案】21.D22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹一款——theJitterbug*Flip2?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EasytoBePrepared部分“Lifehasawayofbeingunpredictable,butyoucanbepreparedinanuncertainorunsafesituationwithUrgentResponseService.SimplypresstheUrgentResponsebuttontospeakwithahighlytrainedagentwhocanconfirmyourlocation,evaluateyoursituationandgetyouthehelpyouneed.(生活總是不可預(yù)測的，但是你可以通過緊急回應(yīng)服務(wù)在不確定或不安全的情況下做好準(zhǔn)備。只要按下緊急回應(yīng)按鈕，就可以與一位訓(xùn)練有素的特工通話，他可以確認(rèn)你的位置，評(píng)估你的情況，并為你提供所需的幫助。)”可知，當(dāng)你處于危險(xiǎn)中時(shí)，可以使用上的緊急回應(yīng)按鈕，及時(shí)聯(lián)系到一位訓(xùn)練有素的特工通話，他可以確認(rèn)你的位置，評(píng)估你的情況，并為你提供所需的幫助。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格最右邊一列“$19.99/mo.Unlimitedminutes,Unlimitedtexts(每月美元，無限時(shí)，無限短信)”可知，如果經(jīng)常發(fā)短信，可以使用每月美元的套餐。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thephoneisavailableinstoreoronlineatlively./flip.Ifyouwanttolearnmore,call1.866.490.3411.(這款可以在店內(nèi)或在lively./flip網(wǎng)上購買。如果你想了解更多，請撥打。)”可知，這篇文章是為了推銷這款，所以不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在課本、學(xué)術(shù)論文和新聞報(bào)道上，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選A。BS?oPauloisplayinghosttoanunsustainablemountainofwasteduetoagenerallackofparticipationinrecyclingproperly.MarionBernardi,astudentfromFrance,hasproposedaneatwayofgettingkidsinontheactofsortingdomesticwaste.Marionregisteredforanartclassinhighschoolwhensherealisedherloveforcreatingobjects.EnteringfordesignstudiesatL’EcoledeDesignNantesAtlantiquewasalogicalnextstepforher.Shetookadvantageofachancetostudyabroadbriefly,movingforatimetopursueaMaster’sdegreeinTransculturalDesigninsadpolo.“Formyendofstudiesproject”shesays,“IdecidedtoworkonthewastesortingissueinsadPaulo,andfinallyIcreatedtheReciclaDiaaDiaproject.”ReciclaDiaaDia,isanambitiousideawhereby(憑此)kidsareinvolvedintorecyclingthroughaspecialclassroombasedcontest.Withthehelpofsmartphones,participantscantakepatthroughanape,alongwithasupplyofcustommadetokens(代幣)andanumberofengagingactivitiestogetthemontherightpath.Theapekeepsthetopicexciting,usingcolourfulcartooncharactersintheformofdrinkcans,plasticbottlesandbananapeelswithfacestogiveitadistinctivechildledlook.TheReciclaDiaaDiaappisspeciallydesignedtoeducatetheusersotheyknowhowtodealwithmostformsofrecyclableplastic,glass,paperandmetalitems.Itesthroughtheuseofa“separator”aninteractiveguideontheape,whichinformsthechildaboutwhetherwasteisdryrecyclableornot,viaasetofclearquestions.Toprogressinthecontestandgetrewards,thechildmustlevelupbygainingexperience.Experiencecanbegainedbybringinginbagsofdryrecyclablescountedbytheteacherandbypletingweekly‘ZeroWaste’challenge.Beyondeducationthroughplay,Marionmanagestocreatealinkbetweenhomeandschoolandprovideaglobalsolutiontoamajorissue.24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutMarion?A.Herpursueofstudyingabroad. B.Herfuturecareerplans.C.Herexperienceoflearningdesign. D.Heuniversityresearchtopic.25.WhatdoweknowaboutReciclaDiaaDia?A.Itusesrealimages. B.Itrequireschildrentobuytokens.C.It’saputergamingape. D.It’sdonethroughapetition.26.Howcanachildidentifydryrecyclablewaste?A.Byansweringquestions. B.Byaskingtheteacher.C.Byusingasortingmachine D.Byjudgingtheshapes.27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheproject?A.Costlyandeffective. B.Interestingandchallenging.C.Simpleandpractical D.Amazingandtimeconsuming.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述來自法國的學(xué)生馬里昂·貝爾納迪提出的一個(gè)讓孩子們參與家庭垃圾分類的簡單方法——ReciclaDiaaDia項(xiàng)目?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Marionregisteredforanartclassinhighschoolwhensherealisedherloveforcreatingobjects.EnteringfordesignstudiesatL’EcoledeDesignNantesAtlantiquewasalogicalnextstepforher.Shetookadvantageofachancetostudyabroadbriefly,movingforatimetopursueaMaster’sdegreeinTransculturalDesigninsadpolo.“Formyendofstudiesproject”shesays,“IdecidedtoworkonthewastesortingissueinsadPaulo,andfinallyIcreatedtheReciclaDiaaDiaproject.””(馬里昂在高中注冊了一門藝術(shù)課程，當(dāng)時(shí)她意識(shí)到自己對創(chuàng)造物體的熱愛。對她來說，進(jìn)入南特大西洋設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)是順理成章的下一步。她利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)在國外短暫地學(xué)習(xí)了一段時(shí)間，然后穿著悲傷的馬球衣去攻讀跨文化設(shè)計(jì)碩士學(xué)位?！盀榱送瓿晌业难芯宽?xiàng)目,”她說，“我決定在圣保羅研究垃圾分類問題，最后我創(chuàng)建了ReciclaDiaaDia項(xiàng)目?！?可知，第二段主要講述馬里昂學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)的經(jīng)歷。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ReciclaDiaaDia,isanambitiousideawhereby(憑此)kidsareinvolvedintorecyclingthroughaspecialclassroombasedcontest.”(ReciclaDiaaDia是一個(gè)雄心勃勃的想法，通過一個(gè)特殊的教室為基礎(chǔ)的比賽，讓孩子們參與回收利用。)可知，ReciclaDiaaDia是通過比賽的方式讓孩子們參與的。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Itesthroughtheuseofa“separator”aninteractiveguideontheape,whichinformsthechildaboutwhetherwasteisdryrecyclableornot,viaasetofclearquestions.”(它通過使用一個(gè)“分離器”，一個(gè)關(guān)于猩猩的互動(dòng)指南，通過一系列清晰的問題告訴孩子廢物是否可以干燥回收。)可知，孩子們可以通過提問問題的方式得知廢物是否可以干燥回收。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ReciclaDiaaDia,isanambitiousideawhereby(憑此)kidsareinvolvedintorecyclingthroughaspecialclassroombasedcontest.Withthehelpofsmartphones,participantscantakepatthroughanape,alongwithasupplyofcustommadetokens(代幣)andanumberofengagingactivitiestogetthemontherightpath.Theapekeepsthetopicexciting,usingcolourfulcartooncharactersintheformofdrinkcans,plasticbottlesandbananapeelswithfacestogiveitadistinctivechildledlook.”(ReciclaDiaaDia是一個(gè)雄心勃勃的想法，通過一個(gè)特殊的教室為基礎(chǔ)的比賽，讓孩子們參與回收利用。在智能的幫助下，參與者可以輕輕拍打一只猿猴，同時(shí)提供定制的代幣和一系列有趣的活動(dòng)，讓他們走上正確的道路。這只大猩猩讓這個(gè)話題保持興奮，它使用了五顏六色的卡通人物，比如飲料罐、塑料瓶和帶有人臉的香蕉皮，給人一種與眾不同的兒童主導(dǎo)的感覺。)和最后一段“Toprogressinthecontestandgetrewards,thechildmustlevelupbygainingexperience.Experiencecanbegainedbybringinginbagsofdryrecyclablescountedbytheteacherandbypletingweekly‘ZeroWaste’challenge.”(為了在比賽中取得進(jìn)步并獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，孩子必須通過積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)來提高水平。經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以通過帶來一袋袋干的可回收利用的數(shù)量由老師和完成每周的“零廢物”挑戰(zhàn)。)可知，ReciclaDiaaDia是一個(gè)有趣并且有挑戰(zhàn)性的項(xiàng)目。故選B。CAsanyoneinmainlandBritainwhohaseverattemptedtogrowberriesornutsorindeedfeedthebirds–willknow,doingsoisequaltoanopeningmoveinagameofchesswithlocalgreysquirrels,agamethesquirrelstendtowin.Greysquirrelsarealsofondoftheoccasionalbird’seggortheyoungbird,andenjoytearingandeatingthebarkofyoungbroadleaftrees,whichcaneitherkillthetreesorleavethemopentoinfection.This,apartfromaffectingbiodiversityandlandscape,harmsthewoodindustry.Thelossisnotinsignificant:￡37ayearinEnglandandwalks.Greysquirrels,introducedfromNorthAmericain1876,havealmostreplacednativeredsquirrelsbypetingthemforfoodandhabitat.Theyarelargerandstronger,andresistanttosquirrelpoxvirus,whileredsarenot.About3milliongreysquirrelsnowliveintheUK;theInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureliststhegreysquirrelamongthetop100mostharmfulinvasive(入侵的)speciesintheworld.InBritain,mucheffortandinventivenesshasbeenmadeinstoppinggreysquirrelprogress,fromtrappingandshootingthem,toreleasingpinemartensintotheirhabitats.Thelatestmove,aworkablesystemforwhichwasthoughttobeadecadeaway,isforbiddingthebreeding(繁殖)ofgreysquirrels.However,legalchallengebroughtsomanydelaysthattheinvasivegreysquirrelpopulationexpandedtoanunmanageablelevelandwipingoutwereabandoned.ThemainissueinBritainwasthoughttobemoretechnologicalthanlegaldesigningadrugthattargetsonlygreysquirrelstopreventtheirbreeding.AnotherpossibilityintheyearsaheadistouseDNAeditingtoensuregreyfemalearebornunabletogivebirth.Greysquirrelshavenowbeenherefornearly150years.TheydoactivelythreatenanotherspeciesinBritain.Thereisastrongargumentthatecosystemschange.Infact,thatistheiressentialnature,anditisunrealistictostopit.Theattractionofcontrollingthebreedingmethodsofgreysquirrelsisthattheyarelessinhumane,andaimforbalanceratherthanuprooting.28.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninparagraph1?A.Theharmfromgreysquirrels.B.Theeatinghabitsofgreysquirrels.C.Theeffectofgreysquirrelsonindustry.DThegamebetweentheBritishandgreysquirrels.29.Whatledtothevictoryofgreysquirrelsoverreds?A.Theirhugenumber. B.Theiruniqueorigins.C.Theirbreedingability. D.Theirphysicalqualities.30.WhatisthemaindifficultyinremovinggreysquirrelsinBritain?A.Lesslabour. B.Shortageofmoney.C.Imperfectlaw. D.Lackoftechnology.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoforbiddingthebreedingofgreysquirrels?A.Unclear. B.Objective.C.Favorable. D.Doubtful.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了灰松鼠的危害，和英國本土的紅松鼠相比，它們更大更強(qiáng)壯，能抵抗松鼠痘病毒;清除灰松鼠面臨的主要困難是缺乏技術(shù)。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Greysquirrelsarealsofondoftheoccasionalbird’seggortheyoungbird,andenjoytearingandeatingthebarkofyoungbroadleaftrees,whichcaneitherkillthetreesorleavethemopentoinfection.This,apartfromaffectingbiodiversityandlandscape,harmsthewoodindustry.(灰松鼠也喜歡偶爾的鳥蛋或雛鳥，喜歡撕扯和吃年輕的闊葉樹的樹皮，這可能會(huì)殺死樹或使它們?nèi)菀赘腥尽＿@除了影響生物多樣性和景觀外，還損害了木材工業(yè))”可知文章第一段主要講解了灰松鼠的危害。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theyarelargerandstronger,andresistanttosquirrelpoxvirus,whileredsarenot.(它們更大更強(qiáng)壯，能抵抗松鼠痘病毒，而紅色則不行)”可知它們的身體素質(zhì)使灰松鼠戰(zhàn)勝了紅松鼠。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThemainissueinBritainwasthoughttobemoretechnologicalthanlegaldesigningadrugthattargetsonlygreysquirrelstopreventtheirbreeding.(在英國，主要的問題被認(rèn)為是技術(shù)而不是法律，設(shè)計(jì)一種只針對灰松鼠的藥物來阻止它們繁殖)”可知在英國清除灰松鼠的主要困難是缺乏技術(shù)。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Greysquirrelshavenowbeenherefornearly150years.TheydoactivelythreatenanotherspeciesinBritain.Thereisastrongargumentthatecosystemschange.(灰松鼠已經(jīng)在這里生活了近150年。它們確實(shí)在積極威脅著英國的另一種物種。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)會(huì)發(fā)生變化，這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的論點(diǎn))”可知作者對禁止飼養(yǎng)灰松鼠的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選C。DTotheSweden,therearefewsmellsmoreattractivethansurstr?mming(臭鯡魚).TomostnonSwedenthereareprobablyfewsmellsmorerepulsive—thefishhasbeendescribedvariouslyassmellinglikesourcatlitter,orevendroppingslike.Indeterminingwhichsmellspeoplefindpleasantornot,surstr?mmingsuggestsculturemustplayasizeablepart.Newresearch,however,suggeststhatmightnotbethecase.ArtinArshamian,aneuroscientistattheKarolinskaInstituteinSweden,andAsifaMajid,apsychologistattheUniversityofOxford,beganwiththeexpectationthatculturewouldplayanimportantroleindeterminingpleasantsmells.Thiswasnotjustbecauseofexampleslikethatofsurstr?mming.Theyknewfrompastexperimentsbyotherresearchersthatculturewasimportantindeterminingwhichsortsoffacespeoplefoundbeautiful.Tostudyhowsmellandculturerelate,theresearcherspresentedtensmells.Thesesmellsvariedfromherbtoisovalericacid,thechemicalresponsibleforsmellysocks.Moreinbetweensmells,whichtheteamthoughtmightsplitopinions,includedoctanoicacid;andoctenol,ancarthysmellfoundinmanymushrooms.Theculturesdoingthesmellingvariedwidelytoo,includinghunters,farmersandcityfolk.All235participantswereaskedtoranksmellsaccordingtopleasantness.Theresearchersfoundthatpleasantnessrankingswereremarkableconsistentregardlessofwherepeoplecamefrom.Isovalericacidwashatedbythevastmajority,onlyeightgivingitascoreoflto3(Iwasverypleasantand10wasveryunpleasant).Ontheotherhand,morethan190peoplegaveherbascoreoflto3.Overall,thechemicalpositionofthesmellsexplained41%ofthereactionsthatparticipantshad.Incontrast,culturalupbringingaccountedforjust6%Evenso,whileculturedidn'tshapeperceptions(感知)ofsmellsinthewaythatitshapesperceptionsoffaces,theresearchersdidfindan“eyeofthebeholder”effect.Randomness,whichtheresearcherssuggesthastoefrompersonalpreferencelearnedfromoutsideindividualculture,accountedfor54%ofthedifferenceinwhichsmellspeopleliked.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repulsive”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Enjoyable. B.AwfulC.Special. D.Unusual.33.Whichsmellrankedfirstintermsofpleasantness?A.Octenol. B.Herb.C.Octanoicacid. D.Isovalericacid.34.Whatplaysamajorroleintheappreciationofsmells?A.Personaltaste. B.Culturalbackground.C.Lifeexperience. D.Chemicalposition.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YouAreWhatYouSmell B.CulturedetermineSmellsC.PeopleLiketheSameSmells D.SmellsAretheSameasBeauty【答案】32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。個(gè)人品味在對氣味的鑒賞中起著重要作用，它來自于從外部個(gè)體文化中習(xí)得的個(gè)人偏好。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“thefishhasbeendescribedvariouslyassmellinglikesourcatlitter,orevendroppingslike.（人們形容這種魚聞起來像酸貓砂，甚至像糞便）”可知這種氣味是讓人生厭的。故劃線處和B項(xiàng)：Awful（讓人討厭的、不舒服的）含義相近。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Ontheotherhand,morethan190peoplegaveherbascoreoflto3.（另一方面，超過190人給herb打了1到3分的分?jǐn)?shù)）”可知在愉悅感方面，草本氣味排在第一位。故選B。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Randomness,whichtheresearcherssuggesthastoefrompersonalpreferencelearnedfromoutsideindividualculture,accountedfor54%ofthedifferenceinwhichsmellspeopleliked.（研究人員認(rèn)為，隨機(jī)性來自于從外部個(gè)體文化中習(xí)得的個(gè)人偏好，這種隨機(jī)性在人們喜歡的氣味差異中占54%）”可知個(gè)人品味在對氣味的鑒賞中起著重要作用。故選A。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“culturewouldplayanimportantroleindeterminingpleasantsmells.Thiswasnotjustbecauseofexampleslikethatofsurstr?mming.Theyknewfrompastexperimentsbyotherresearchersthatculturewasimportantindeterminingwhichsortsoffacespeoplefoundbeautiful.（文化在決定令人愉悅的氣味方面起著重要作用。這不僅僅是因?yàn)橄駍urstr?mming這樣的例子。他們從其他研究人員過去的實(shí)驗(yàn)中知道，文化在決定人們認(rèn)為哪種面孔美麗方面很重要）”以及文章的最后一段“Randomness,whichtheresearcherssuggesthastoefrompersonalpreferencelearnedfromoutsideindividualculture,accountedfor54%ofthedifferenceinwhichsmellspeopleliked.（研究人員認(rèn)為，隨機(jī)性來自于從外部個(gè)體文化中習(xí)得的個(gè)人偏好，這種隨機(jī)性在人們喜歡的氣味差異中占54%）可知個(gè)人品味在對氣味的鑒賞中起著重要作用，它來自于從外部個(gè)體文化中習(xí)得的個(gè)人偏好；即由于個(gè)體文化，人們喜歡相同的氣味，合乎題意。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Gratitudeismorethanjustsaying“thankyou”tosomeonewhohashelpedusorgivenusagift.___36___Andthispositiveemotioncanbegoodforouremotionalandphysicalhealth,aswellasthehealthofourrelationships.Onereasonforthisisthatgratitudestopsusfromthinkingaboutnegativeemotions.Writinga“thankyou”letter,forexample,shiftsourattentionsothatwefocusonpositiveemotions.Evenifwedon’tshareourwritingwithanyone,theactofpletingtheexercisealonemakesushappierandmoresatisfiedwithlife.Andthisgetsbetterwithtime.Asweareessentiallytrainingourbraintobemoreintunewithnoticingthepositive,afterseveralweeksormonths,thisbeesmoreintuitive(直覺的).___37______38___Studiesprovegratitudecanimprovesleepquality,bettereatinghabits,andreducedinflammation(炎癥)inpeoplewhohavehadheartproblems.Gratitudeisclearlygoodforus,butisitalsogoodforthepeopleinourlives?___39___Whenshared,spokenorwrittengratitudeisaboutfeelingvaluedandhelpingothersfeelvaluedtoo.Feelingvaluedcanhelpbuildstrongerrelationshipswithfamily,partners,friendsorevencolleague.Andthat’sontopofalltheotherwaysgratitudeisclearlygoodforus.Manystudiesshowexpressinggratitudebenefitspeoplealotincludingtheemotional,mentalandphysicalhealthetc.___40___Let’sstopcountingsheeporcalorieandstartcountingourblessingsinstead.A.Sowhynotdoso?B.Thesimpleansweris“yes”C.Weshouldformgoodhabitsinourdailywork.D.Gratitudecanalsomakeusfeelgoodinourbodies.E.Themoreweexpressgratitude,themorepositivewefeel.F.Howtodescribetherelationshipbetweengratitudeandplaint?G.It’sadeeperappreciationforsomeoneorsomethingmakingusfeelpositive.【答案】36.G37.E38.D39.B40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了感恩的好處。有研究顯示，懂得感恩對我們的身體和精神健康都有積極的影響，對我們的人際關(guān)系也有好處?！?6題詳解】上文“Gratitudeismorethanjustsaying“thankyou”tosomeonewhohashelpedusorgivenusagift.(感恩不僅僅是對幫助過我們或送過我們禮物的人說聲“謝謝”)”說明對于“感謝”作者認(rèn)為還別有深意。下文“Andthispositiveemotioncanbegoodforouremotionalandphysicalhealth,aswellasthehealtho